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四、完形填空（空）20
一、【年全国乙卷】2023（个人）To become the Olympic champion in the individualall-around event,GabbyDouglas hadto leave everything she1best.She hadto2her bedroomin Virginia.She hadto say3to hertwo dogsand to the beach,where sheloved to4waves onher board.But it was5to takethe（飞跃），leap however6it would be.Even at14,Douglas knewthat.So she7about1,200miles awayfrom home,to8with acoach fromChina.Shelived with a familyshe hadnever9and everything was new to her.As itturned out,Douglas did10what sheneeded to do to become Olympicchampion whenshe11two Russians.The Chinesecoach12Douglas intoone of the bestgymnasts in the13,helping herskyrocket from an14member of the nationalteam to the topof thesport.By15theOlympic all-around title,she becamethe firstblack womanto doso.She16the competitionfrombeginning to end.She saidshe hadfelt17all alongthat shewould win.（联络人）Not solong ago,Martha Karolyithe coordinatorof thewomens nationalteam,didnot thinkDouglas hadwhat it18to be an Olympian.As time went by,she thought19that she couldmake theLondon Gamesand win.解析根Tm goingto inspireso manypeople/she said.Tm readyto20And shine she did.据下文的可知，她跟随教练训练推理；谈with acoach fromChina trainreason”talk”论”;竞争故选compete”Dl.A.tried B.thought C.judged D.knew
2.A.take upB.pack upC.clean upD.do up
3.A.goodbye B.hello C.thanks D.no
4.A.cause B.observe C.ride D.strike
5.A.common B.time C.fun D.tough
6.A.breathtaking B.heartbreaking C.eye-catching D.head-spinning
7.A.dropped outB.moved onC.pulled overD.went off
8.A.reason B.talk C.compete D.train
9.A.met B.helped C.understood D.neededC.exactly D.possibly
10.A.approximately B.graduallyC.respected D.assisted
11.A.B.pleaseddefeatedC.persuaded D.putB.transformed
12.A.forcedC.team D.stateB.city
13.A.worldC.average D.enthusiasticB.elected
14.答.A案.a mateur9A解析结合下文的可知，她和素未谋面的一家人住在一起everythingwasnewto her”meet遇见；help“帮助；understand理解；need需要故选A答案:
10.C解析击败了两名俄罗斯选手，这正是她成为奥运冠军所需要做的Douglas exactly大约；逐渐、可能故选approximately”gradually”possibly C答案
11.A解析参见上题解析使满意，使愉快；尊敬；帮助故选please respectassistAo.答案12B解析这位中国教练把变成了世界上最好的体操运动员之一Douglas transformed强迫,迫使”;说服“；使处于“故选force”persuade”put”B.答案:13A解析参见上题解析世界；城市“；团队；州，国家”故选world city“team”state”Ao.答案14C解析结合文章内容可知，教练帮助她从一名普通的国家队队员一跃成为这项运average动的顶尖选手业余的“；被挑选的；热情的”故选amateur”elected”enthusiastic”C.答案15C解析根据下文的可知，此处指赢得奥运会全能冠军all-around titlewinning澄清，保卫；强烈要求故选clarify defenddemandCo.答案16D解析根据上文中的和下文的可知,becomethe Olympicchampionfrom beginningtoend她在比赛中始终领先跟随二组织“；观看二故选.答led follow”organize”watch”D17案A解析根据下文的可知，她说她一直确信自己会赢确信的，that shewould win”confident”有把握的“；紧张的“；兴奋的；不安的故选nervous”excited uneasy”A.答案:18D解析根据语境可知，此处指女子国家队联络人认为不具备成为奥运会选手的条Douglas件看待、呈现、要紧“；需要，要求”故选view”appear”matter take”D.答案:19B解析越来越认为自己能够参加伦敦奥运会并且获胜Douglas more and morenow andthen”偶尔，有时；四处”;不断地”故选far andwide”on andon”Bo答案:
20.A解析根据下文的可知，她准备好出类拔萃了飞翔”；跳shineshedid”shine fly“dance”舞”;得分二故选score”A
二、.答案1D解析根据上文中的可“I boughta housein theGarfagnana,where westill goevery summer”以看出，此处讲的是作者第一次居住期间的故事宿营，露营”故选stayed campDo.答案2A角毕析根据上文中的和下文中的we heardthe chug-chug-chug ofa motorbikedown thehilltoward us”可知，摩托车是向作者家行进making its way的make one!sway前进，行进”;探路；挤过去；摸索前进”故search ones way squeezeoneswayfeel onesway选Ao.答案3B解析根据上文中的和下文中的The firsttimewethere”some tomatoes and a bottle可以推测，应该是作者的邻居故选of wine”Mario neighborB.答案4C解析根据上一空可知，是作者的邻居，他在作者第一次到来的时候，给作者带来Mario bring一些西红柿和一瓶葡萄酒以示欢迎故选C.答案5D解析根据上文可知，在作者第一次到来的时候，给作者送礼物结合常识可知,这Mario是一种善意的表示故选项选择，挑选，抉择、议论，评论，gesture,D choicecomment”解释；表明感情或意图的姿态，表示故选gesture D.答案6A解析根据下文中的可以推测，送来了一些奇形怪because they were so misshapen Mario状的西红柿，这让作者很担忧非常兴奋，极为激动；厌烦的worried thrilled”bored”故选A.答案7C解析根据下文中的可知，空处讲的是超市里的西红柿的情况you get in a supermarket结合生活常识可知，超市里的西红柿看起来漂亮、圆圆的而又有光泽光亮shiny shiny”的，程亮的，反光的，有光泽的故选C.答案8B解析根据上文中对西红柿的描述及汕标the wine was cloudy,in afunny oldbottle wno label签可知，由于西红柿外观不好，酒很浑浊，且酒瓶老旧，没有标签，作者觉得这瓶on it”葡萄酒的质量也好不到哪里去故选good Bo.答案9B解析根据上文可知，作者第一次来，就给作者送礼物因此，哪怕礼物看起来不Mario怎么好，作者对的善良还是很感激的对表Mario thankful for besympathetic to示同情;对表示感激；对谨慎;对……感兴be thankfulfor becautious aboutbe interested in”趣”故选B.答案10A解析根据下文中的Those tomatoeshad athat remindedme ofthe onesmy uncle和可知，作者还是试着吃了西红柿，并试喝了used to grow whenI wasa childitwastried葡萄酒故选A答案:1L C解析根据下文中的Those tomatoeshad athat remindedme ofthe onesmy uncle可知，西红柿很好吃，因此只根据西红柿奇形怪状的外表就used togrow whenI wasa child判断它不好，这是不明智的犹豫，不确定的故选unwise uncertain C.答案12A解析根据上文中的可知，作者之前就we werebecause theyweresomisshapen根据西红柿的外表对其进行了评判，这里作者表示仅凭你吃的东西的外表作评判是不明智的外表，外貌；起源，源头，起因故选appearance originA.答案:解析根据常识可知，应该是西红柿的味道（）让作者想起了小时候叔叔13D taste种的西红柿，且这一点也可以通过下文的Nowadays supermarkettomatoesperfect buttaste进行印证故选of waterDo.答案14B解析根据上文中的可矢口，超市里的西红the nice,round,things youget in a supermarket柿看起来（）很完美故选look B.答案15A解析根据上文提到的超市里的西红柿看起来很完美，但寡而无味和常识可知，这样的西红柿无法给人们留下美好的（happy）回忆vivid”（记忆、描述等）生动的，逼真的，（光、颜色等）鲜艳的，鲜明的；不明确的，不清楚的，（形状）模糊的”故选vagueAo.答案16D解析上文对超市卖的西红柿进行了吐槽，本句依然是对这些西红柿的吐槽根据Its a可知，此处作者是在吐槽人们为什么不把surprise theyhavent managed togrow square ones”西红柿种成方的，这样还好包装（）呢故选pack D.答案17A解析空前空后形成了转折结合空前的Marios winemay havebeen cloudyand comeout of可知，的酒可能是浑浊的，是从一个旧瓶子里倒出来的，但是他的酒完an oldbottle Mario美（perfect）convenient方便的，便利的；familiar熟悉的，常见的，普通的故选A.答案:18C解析根据上文中的和常识可知，当季的（）Its goodto eatthings at the correcttime in season食物是可口的展览着；咄售,折价销售；当季的；贫on viewon salein seasonin need”困的,困难中的”故选C.答案19D解析根据上文可知，送来的西红柿是当地的，结合上文中的也Mario asclose aspossible”可以判断，作者认为要吃离种植（grown）地尽可能近的食物store”贮存，储藏故选D答案:
20.B解析此处呼应上文中的“coming tous a box containing some tomatoesand a bottle故选of wine,Bo答案1-5CBADC6-10BDAAC11-15ABCDD16-20ABCDD解析.考查动词词义辨析句意对他们来说，避开别人的目光，让自己无法被别人看1到，这是一件非常令人兴奋的事情跟随；取走；避开；A.following B.taking C.escaping D.指导根据上文directing Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek.”（全球的孩子们享受玩捉迷藏的游戏）可知，儿童喜欢玩捉迷藏，避开别人的目光故选C.考查形容词词义辨析句意然而，我们都看到学龄前儿童非常不善于隐藏2A.clever聪明的；不擅长的；害怕的；快的根据下文B.bad C.scared D.quick They often cover only（他们通常只是用手盖住自己的眼their eyes with their hands,leaving therest oftheir bodies睛，身体的其他部分露在外面）可知，儿童不擅长隐藏，.表示不擅长某事”be badat sth故选B.考查形容词词义辨析句意他们通常只用手遮住眼睛，其余的身体暴露在外3A.exposed无遮蔽的；已检查过的；未受影响的；失衡的根B.examined C.untouched D.imbalanced据上文（他们They oftencoveronlytheir eyeswith theirhands,leaving therest oftheir bodies通常只是用手盖住自己的眼睛，身体的其他部分露在外面）可知，儿童只是用手遮住了眼睛，身体的其余部分无遮蔽，是暴露在外的故选A.考查动词词义辨析句意长期以来，这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为儿童是无可救药4的自我中心生物的证据支持；保证；想象；A.supported B.guaranteed C.imagined D.解释根据本句中的从句内容interpreted thatevidence that children are hopelessly egocentric并结合上文语境可知，此处表示这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为证据，证明儿童是creatures.以自我为中心的故选D.考查形容词词义辨析句意但我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这一5观点相矛盾令人失望的;混合的；令人惊讶的；A.disappointing B.mixed C.surprising D.渴望的根据下文desired Our19suggest whena childhides byputting ablanket overher head,（我们的建.议当一个孩子用毯子盖住头来隐藏时，这并it isnot aresult of egocentrism.19不是自我中心的结果）可知，研究结果与之前孩子们自我中心的观点相矛盾，所以研究结果是令人惊讶的故选C.考查动词词义辨析句意但我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这一6观点相矛盾解释；证实；相矛盾；测试A.explained B.confirmed C.contradicted D.tested根据下文Our_19_suggest whena childhides byputting ablanket overher head,it isnot aresult（我们的组建议ofegocentrism.In fact,children considerthis method_20_when othersuse it.当一个孩子用毯子盖住头来隐藏时，这并不是自我中心的结果）可知，研究结果与之前的观点是相矛盾的故选C.考查名词词义辨析句意每个儿童都和一个成年人坐在一起，成年人遮住自己的眼睛7或耳朵父母亲；儿童；研究员；医生根据上文A.parent B.child C.researcher D.doctor“We（我们把一些到brought young children aged2-4into ourMinds inDevelopment Labat use24岁的孩子带到我们在的思维发展实验室）可知，儿童参加实验，此处表示每个儿童和use一个成年人坐在一起故选B.考查名词词义辨析句意每个儿童都和一个成年人坐在一起，成年人遮住自己的眼睛8或耳朵脚；鼻子;手；耳朵根据下文A.feet B.nose C.hands D.ears We then asked the child（我们之后问孩子是否能或者听到大人的声音）可知，实if shecould9or orhear theadult验中，儿童被询问是否能听到成年人的声音，所以此处表示成年人遮住了自己的耳朵故选D.考查动词词义辨析句意然后我们问儿童是否能看到或听到成年人的声音看9A.see见；帮助；到达；欺骗根据上文B.help C.reach D.fool Each7sat down（每个孩子和遮住了眼睛和耳朵with an adult who covered her own eyes or8的大人坐在一起）可知，成年人遮住了自己的眼睛，所以此处儿童被询问是否能看见成年人故选A考查名词词义辨析句意当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了此刻孩
10.子们说他们不能和她说话大事；事情；行动；事故A.event B.thing C.action D.accident根据下文（此刻孩子们说他们不能和她」）可children saidthat theycouldnt_12_to her.2_知，发生了与前面孩子们不能看见大人类似的事情，即孩子们表示不能和捂住嘴的成年人说话了故选B考查副词词义辨析句意当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了此刻孩
11.子们说他们不能和她说话然而；此刻；很快；一次根据A.Yet B.Now C.Soon D.Once语境，此处表示当成年人捂住自己的嘴时，此刻孩子们说不能和成年人说话了，强调当下故选B.考查动词词义辨析句意当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了此刻孩12子们说他们不能和她说话说；听；转；挥手根据上文A.speak B.listen C.turn D.wave（大人的嘴巴被盖住了）可知，由于盖住的是嘴巴，when theadult coveredher ownmouth因此同样的事情则是孩子们表示不能和捂住嘴的成年人说话了故选A.考查名词词义辨析句意许多实验排除了孩子们误解了他们被问到的问题13A.命令；说明；实验；假设根据语instructions B.descriptions C.experiments D.assumptions境，此处表示上文中的许多实验排除了孩子们会误解问题这一情况故选项C.考查动词词义辨析句意结果很清楚我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确14切地知道他们被问到了什么理解；预测；探索；A.comprehended B.predicted C.explored忽略根据下文（我们年轻的主人公们理D.ignored and knew_15_what wasasked ofthem解了问题并且知道自己被问了什么）可知，只有先理解了才能能确切地知道自己被问了什么故选A.考查副词词义辨析句意结果很清楚我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确15切地知道他们被问到了什么部分地;知诚实地;含糊地；A.partly B.hone yC.vaguely D.确切地根据下文（他们的」exactly Their_16_to the questions reflectedtheir true_17_6_反映了他们真实的」）可知，只有确切地知道自己被问了什么，才能说他们的答案反映7_他们真实的看法故选D.考查名词词义辨析句意他们对这些问题的回答反映了他们真正的看法”只有你16也能看到我，我才能看到你回答；方法；A.responses B.approaches C.贡献；敏感性根据上文可知，正是通过对孩子们进行提问来进contribution D.sensitivity行的，孩子们自然要对问题做出回答和回应可知，此处指孩子们对于问题的回答故选A.考查名词词义辨析句意他们对这些问题的回答反映了他们真正的看法”只有你17也能看到我,我才能看到你能力；看法;身份；目的A.ability B.belief Cidentity D.purpose根据上下文可知这个在思维实验室进行的实验的目的正是为了研究孩子们的思维方式，通过回答与大人的互动有关的问题，他们的回答反映的他们的真正的看法故选B.考查动词短语辨析句意他们只是坚持相互承认和尊重阻止；18A.hold backB.relate有关联;坚持;弥补根据上文to C.insist onD.make upI can see you only if you can see me,（只有你也能看到我，我才能看到你）可知，孩子们的看法体现了他们坚持相互的承too.认和尊重故选C.考查名词词义辨析句意我们的研究结果表明，当孩子在头上盖一条毯子”隐藏”时，19这并不是自我中心主义的结果限制；必要条件；理A.limitations B.requirements C.theories论；检验发现根据上文D.findings We brought youngchildren aged2-4into ourMinds in（我们把一些至岁的孩子带到我们在的思维发展实验Development Labat USC.2I14USC室）可知，结合前文讲了实验的一些经过可知，此处表示实验的研究发现，故选D.考查形容词词义辨析句意事实上，当其他人使用这种方法时，孩子们认为它是有20效的实验性的；令人印象深刻的；创造性的；A.tentative B.impressive C.creative D.effective有效的根据上文（他们只是坚持相互承认They simply18_mutual recognition and regard.和尊重）可知，孩子们坚持相互承认和尊重，他们自己使用这种方法，所以当其他人也使用这种方法时，孩子会认为它是有效的故选D
四、答案1-5CADDB6-10ABACD11-15ADBCC16-20BBACD解析.考查名词词义辨析句意它们的陪伴几乎足以让我远离孤独所有1A.ownership权；会员;陪伴；领导根据B.membership C.companionship D.leadership keepmy loneliness可知，此处是指它们的陪伴故选at bayC.考查名词词义辨析句意去年，我开始约会，但有所保留保留；2Preservations B.期望；信心;偏见根据后文expectations C.confidence D.prejudice threedogs wereperhaps too（三条狗可能太多了何知，此处是指“我一开始有所顾忌和保留故选many”Ao.考查动词词义辨析句意当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时，我得知他有一条名叫的3Molly狗和一只名叫的猫恐惧；怀疑；希望；Flora A.feared B.doubted C.hoped D.了解至［］根据可知，此处是指了解到这一情learned he had a dog,Molly,and acat,Flora况故选D.考查形容词词义辨析句意虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可4能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫不满意的；愉快的；Flora A.unsatisfied B.amused C.terrified害怕的；非常开心的根据前文D.thrilled For many years,I enjoyedlivingwith my dogs,Tilly andChance.（多年来，我喜欢和我的狗-----蒂莉和吉斯-------一起生活）可知，“我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者故选D.考查动词词义辨析句意虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太5多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫预测;担心;Flora A.predicted B.worried C.后悔；坚持根据regretted D.insisted threedogs wereperhaps too many,and mydogs might可知，此处是指我很担心故选attack B.考查名词词义辨析句意虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能6太多了,我的狗可能会攻击猫太弗洛拉;查恩斯;莫莉;Flora A.ora B.Chance C.Molly D.Tilly蒂莉根据前文可知，此处是指担心我”的狗攻击史he hada dog,Molly,and acat,Flora蒂夫的猫故选Flora A.考查动词词义辨析句意:第二周，我们一起遛狗系；牵着（动物）7A.tied B.walked走;沐浴;喂养根据后文可知，此处是指一起遛狗故选C.bathed D.fed When we pausedB.考查名词词义辨析句意当我们停下来休息时，史蒂夫单膝跪下呼吸；8A.breath B.平衡;注意力；想象根据可balance C.attention D.imagination Stevegot downon oneknee知，此处是指停下来休息故选A.考查形容词词义辨析句意:我也喜欢他，但这么快？冷静的；确定的；9A.calm B.sure很快的；真正的根据前文（求婚）（他是在求婚吗？）C.soon Dreal Was he proposing可知，此处是指约会的第二周就求婚太快了故选C考查介词短语辨析句意就在那一刻，我开始爱上他顺便说一句；
10.A.By theway B.那样的话;务必；那一亥！根据前文In thatcase C.By allmeans D.In thatmoment JHe poured（他从瓶子里把水倒在手里，递给water froma bottleinto hishand andoffered itto mydogs.我的狗）可知，此处是指就在那一刻“我”开始爱上他故选D.考查动词词义辨析句意我们继续约会，虽然我们都没有提到未来继11A.continued续；决定；打算；假装根据B.decided C.intended D.pretended though neither of us brought可知,此处是指我们继续约会故选up the future A.考查名词词义辨析句意月下旬，的腿做了一次手术眼睛；尾1211TiHy A.eye B.tail巴；耳朵；腿根据后文（爬楼梯会C.ear D.leg climbingthe stairscould reopenthe wound”让伤口重新裂开）可知，此处是指的腿做了一次手术故选Tilly D.考查副词词义辨析句意我一天带狗出去四次，我担心不断地爬楼梯会使伤口13Tilly重新裂开秘密地；不断地；最终；A.secretly B.constantly C.eventually D.不情愿地根据前文（我每天带狗出去四次）unwillingly I took the dogs out four times a day可知，此处是指不断地爬楼梯故选B.考查动词词义辨析句意然后史蒂夫建议去他家离开；卖；14A.left B.sold C.suggested建议，推荐；搜寻根据后文（我们成了很好的室D.searched Wemade goodhousemates.友）可知，此处是指史蒂夫建议去他家故选C.考查形容词词义辨析句意一切都很好晚的；困难的；好的；15A.late B.hard C.fine自由的根据后文（我们成了很好的室友）可知，此D.free Wemade goodhousemates.处是指一切都很好故选C.考查动词词义辨析句意这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下，尊重的空间；16Flora史蒂夫和我组成了一个照顾的好团队清空；尊重；Tilly A.emptied B.respected C.occupied占据；发现根据后文（我们成了很好的室友）D.discovered Wemade goodhousemates.可知，此处是指狗狗们会尊重猫咪的空间故选B.考查动词词义辨析句意这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下，尊重的空间；17Flora史蒂夫和我组成了一个照顾的好团队照顾；等待;Tilly A.looking B.caring C.waiting D.打电话根据前文可知，此处是指史蒂夫和我一起照顾calling Tillyhad anoperation Tilly故选B.考查名词词义辨析句意一年后，令我非常高兴的是，这个男人拿出一个带戒指的18小盒子向我求婚高兴；信用;兴趣;缺点根A.delight B.credit C.interest D.disadvantage据可知，此处是指“我很高兴this manproduced alittle boxwith aring andproposed to me”故选A.考查动词词义辨析句意他没有跪下，我也不需要他跪下乞求；信19A.beg B.trust任；需要；帮助根据和（跪）可知，此处是指C.need D.aid norHe didnot kneeldown我也不需要他跪下故选C考查名词词义辨析句意正是给爱犬喝水的举动把我们带到一起玩具；
20.A.toys B.奖励；食物；水根据和前文awards C.food D.water broughtus togetherHe pouredwater from可知，此处是指给爱犬喝水的举动故选a bottleinto hishand andoffered itto mydogs.D
五、
15.A.clarifying B.defending C.winning D.demanding
16.A.followed B.organized C.watched D.led
17.A.confident B.nervous C.excited D.uneasy
18.A.viewed B.appeared C.mattered D.took
19.A.now andB.moreandmore C.far andwide D.onandonthenB.fly C.dance D.score
20.A.shine
二、【年全国甲卷】2023Many yearsago,I boughta housein theGarfagnana,where westill goevery summer.The firsttimewe1there,we heardthe chugchug-chug ofa motorbike2its waydown thehill towardus.Itwas3called Mario,coming to4usaboxcontainingsometomatoesand abottle ofwine.It wasavery nice5for him to make.But whenwe lookedat thetomatoes,we were6becausetheywere somisshapen:not atall likethe nice,round,7things yougetin asupermarket.And thewinewas（标签）cloudy,inafunny oldbottle withno labelon itThese cantbe any8we thought.But wewere9his kindness,so we10them.What wediscovered isthat its11to judgewhat youcat onlyby its12Those tomatoeshad13that remindedme ofthe onesmy uncleused togrow whenI wasa child.Nowadays supermarkettomatoes14perfect buttaste ofwater.Nobodys goingto havea15memory ofthose.Its asurprisethey haventmanagedtogrowsquareones sothat theycan16them easily.Marios winemay havebeen cloudyand comeout ofan oldbottle,but itwas
17.答案Its goodto eatthings at the correcttime,when theyre18,and asclose aspossible to1-5CACDB6-10ADBAB11-15DABCD16-20CDBACwhere theywere
19.What Mariohad20us wasthe tasteoftheGarfagnanal.A.waited B.met C.camped D.stayed
2.A.making B.searching C.squeezing D.feeling
3.A・customer B.neighbor C.relative D.passenger
4.A.lend B.send C.bring D.show
5.A.choice B.comment C.promise D.gesture
6.A.worried B.moved C.thrilled D.bored
7.A.simple B.real C.shiny D.fun
8.A.more B.good C.new D.easy
9.A.sympathetic toB.thankfulfor C.cautious aboutD.interestedin
10.A.tried B.sold C.returned D.mixed解析.考查名词词义辨析句意几周前我在做护士的时候就在考虑这个问题1A.cleaner清洁工人；化学家；护士；医生根据下文的B.chemist C.nurse D.doctor As she was11_shewas12to say goodbye to each ofus in the nursingteam.”可知，当时作者是一名护士故选C.考查名词词义辨析句意我突然想到，如果我们有一系列表达不同程度感激之情的2词语，那会容易得多欣赏,感激；快乐；期望；A.appreciation B.pleasure C.expectations D.满足根据上文的satisfaction simplysaying thank you doesnt seem enough in certain situations可知，作者认为如果有表达不同程度感谢的词，那么感谢就容易得多故选T oAo.考查动词短语辨析句意:我的想法很快就接受了测验扫除；3A.brushed asideB.brought在讨论中；接受测验；考虑结合下under discussionC.put to the testD.taken intoaccount文讲述女病人对护士们的所为可知，作者的想法立即接受了测验故选Co.考查动词词义辨析句意我们有一个病人膝盖置换手术后正在康复出发，4A.departing离开；逃跑;退休；恢复结合下文提到手术和病人从床B.escaping C.retiring D.recovering上摔下来可知，病人正在恢复中故选D.考查动词短语辨析句意一天下午，当她试图上床睡觉时，她因心脏病而摔倒5T°A.坏掉；倒下；俯视；小，拒绝根broke downB.fell downC.looked downD.turned downM据第空后的可知，因心脏病摔倒故选6discovered tobea heart attack,Bo.考查副词词义辨析句意一天下午，当她试图上床睡觉时，她因心脏病而摔倒了6A.最后；幸运地；随意地；秘密地结合上文eventually B.fortunately C.casually D.secretly病人是因为膝盖置换手术而住院可知，此处是指最终发现摔倒是因为心脏病故选A.考查名词词义辨析句意这次摔倒是灾难性的，需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作7治愈；营救;治疗;急救根据A.cure B.rescue C.treatment D.emergency The collapse was可知，要想把病人治好需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作故选disastrous D.考查副词词义辨析句意虽然很慢，但她恢复了，四周后就可以出院了温8A.gently顺地；慢慢地；温暖地；逐渐地根据后文B.slowly C.warmly D.gradually wasready for（出院）可知，病人恢复的比较慢故选discharge afterfour weeks.B.考查形容词词义辨析句意她对医疗及护士团队为她所作的一切都非常感激9A.grateful感激的；体贴的；伤心的，悲伤的；恐惧的结合下文B.thoughtful C.sorrowful D.fearful女病人离开前和大家一一道别，推知她对大家的付出表示感激故选Ao.考查名词词义辨析句意在她出院那天，我们分享了她康复的喜悦惊喜；10A.surprise喜悦;好奇心；失望根据下文的可知，B.delight C.curiosity D.disappointment herrecovery”此处是指分享她康复的喜悦故选B.考查动词词义辨析句意当她要离开时，她急切地想和我们护理队的每一个人说再11见手术；思考；犹豫;离开根据上文的A.operating B.thinking C.hesitating D.leaving On可知，女病人要出院了，所以此处是指当她即将离开医院时故选her dayof dischargeD.考查形容词词义辨析句意当她要离开时，她急切地想和我们护理队的每一个人说12再见热切的；紧急的;自愿的；准备好的根据第A.eager B.urgent C.voluntary D.ready12空后可知，她急切想要和护土团队的人道to saygoodbye toeach ofus inthe nursing team.”别.”热切地做某事、此处指”热切地说再见”故选be eager todosth A.考查动词词义辨析句意当她走到一个护士身边时，她试图塞一张五英镑的钞票在13她手里倾向；尝试；计划；遗憾，后悔根据第A.tended B.tried C.planned D.regretted空后的此处指“试图把钱放在她手里故选13to pressa five-pound noteinto herhand.”B.考查动词词义辨析句意我的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是做了自己的工作而已14A.承认；赞成；接受；许可结合常识和下文的admit B.approve C.accept D.permit”we wereall可知，作者的同事拒绝接受女士给的钱故选just doingour job”C.考查动词词义辨析句意这个病人看起来很困惑，然后回复到”噢，这不是因为我15接受的照顾我认为照顾是应该的不，这是昨天给我做头发的高兴的；A.cheerful B.紧张不安的；烦恼的；困惑的前文提到作者的同事拒绝接受这nervous C.upset D.puzzled笔钱，说只是做了自己的工作而已可知，此处指女士为这种说法感到困惑Ho故选D.考查动词词义辨析句意这个病人看起来很困惑，然后回复到”噢，这不是因为16我接受的照顾我认为照顾是应该的不，这是昨天给我做头发的重复；repeated B.recited背诵；回答，回应；报道结合上文作者同事说照顾女士是自己的工C.replied D.reported作不应该得到额外的礼物可知，此处是女病人对同事说的话的回应故选C.考查名词词义辨析句意这个病人看起来很困惑，然后回复到”噢，这不是因为17我接受的照顾我认为照顾是应该的不，这是昨天给我做头发的勇气；A.courage B.耐心；职责；照顾根据护士照顾病人的常识和下文的patience C.duty D.care No,this isfor可知，女病人并不是因为护士的照顾才给的18my hairyesterday五英镑故选D.考查动词词义辨析句意这个病人看起来很困惑，然后回复到”噢，这不是因为18我接受的照顾我认为照顾是应该的不，这是昨天给我做头发的切；cutting B.styling设计,把做成；安排;洗根据下文C.arranging D.washing savinglives”可知，此处是is part ofthe job19styling hair is anextra andshould be20指给女士做头发表示做头发，设计发型”故选styling thehair B.考查连词词义辨析句意对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但做发型是额19外的事，应该得到奖励但是；因为；或者；和该句前后为转折A.but B.forC.or D.and关系故选A考查动词词义辨析句意对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但做发型是额
20.外的事情，应该得到奖励记住；尊重；奖赏；A.memorized B.honored C.rewarded D.achieved取得，实现结合全文女病人与护士间的对话可知，女病人给护士们的钱是对她们服务的奖励故选C
六、答案1-5BACAD6-10DBACC11-15BDBAD36-37DCACB解析.考查动词词义辨析句意出差待在酒店里，准备去拜访当地的一些朋1Burchill友A.studying研究;B.staying待；停留；C.looking#；D.packing收拾（行李）根据空后及生活常识可知，出差住在酒店，准备去拜访当地的一at the hotel onbusiness Burchill些朋友故选B.考查动词词义辨析句意出差，当时正在酒店收拾行李，准备去拜访当地的2Burchill一些朋友拜访；帮助;跟随；制作根据下文A.visit B.help C.follow D.make（辣香肠）They hadasked himto3some pepperonifrom backeast.So he4a suitcasefull of可知，朋友让他带一些东西，由此推知准备去拜访当地的一些朋友故pepperoni.Burchill选A.考查动词词义辨析句意他们让他从美国东部带些意大利香肠过来卖；3A.sell B.have有；带来；品尝根据下文.”可知，C.bring D.taste So he4a suitcasefull ofpepperoni Burchill的朋友让他从美国东部带些意大利香肠过来故选C.考查动词词义辨析句意所以他装了满满一箱子意大利香肠装满；4A.filled B.locked锁上；抛弃；丢失根据空后上和后文”C.abandoned D.lost suitcasefull ofpepperoni They一rushed to the window,30or40birds alltrying to13at thesame time,and pepperoni可知，他装了满满一箱子意大利香肠故选everywhere.A.考查形容词词义辨析句意因为担心会太热，他把它放在桌子上，靠近一扇开着的窗5户感到惊讶的；高兴的；兴奋的;担心的根A.surprised B.pleased C.excited D.worried据后文可知，他担心意大利香肠会太热，所he_6_it out on the table near an openwindow.”以把它放在桌子上，靠近一扇开着的窗户故选D.考查动词词义辨析句意因为担心会太热，他把它放在桌子上，靠近一扇开着的窗6户挖;清除;切下；放根据空后A.dug B.cleared C.cut D.laid it outon thetable nearan open可知，他把它放在桌子上故选window D.考查形容词词义辨析句意他以为他的意大利香肠是安全的，冷却得很好，就走了7美味的；安全的；柔软的；准备好根据后文A.delicious B.safe C.soft D.ready and well chilled（冷却）.”可知，离开了，由此推知，他以为他的and he8Burchill意大利香肠是安全的，冷却得很好故选B.考查动词词义辨析句意他以为他的意大利香肠是安全的，冷却得很好，就走了8离开；点头；等待；后悔根据前文A.left B.nodded C.waited D.regretted Burchill was以及空前1at the hotel onbusiness andplanning to2some friendsinthearea.”（冷却）可知，要去看朋友,He thoughthis pepperoni was7and wellchilled Burchill所以离开了故选A.考查形容词词义辨析句意就是在那时出了问题远的；有趣的；9A.far B.funny C.wrong失常的；盲目的根据后文D.blind Theseagulls immediately went
12.They rushed to thewindow,30or40birds alltrying to13at thesame time,and pepperoni—everywhere..”可知，就是在The curtains were falling down,the lampswere falling down,It wasa real14那时出了问题故选C.考查名词词义辨析句意在最近给这家四星级酒店的一封道歉信中说我10Burchill记得我走过长长的大厅，打开房门，发现满满一群海鸥海滩；私人A.beach B.driveway车道；大厅；桌子根据空前以及空后C.hall D.table Iremember walking down the long”and可知，走过长长的大厅opening the door to my roomto findan entireflock ofseagulls”Burchill故选C考查名词词义辨析句意在最近给这家四星级酒店的一封道歉信中说”我
11.Burchill记得我走过长长的大厅，打开房门，发现满满一群海鸥申请；道A.application B.apology歉；要求；邀请根据后文C.request D.invitation Ihave15and I admit responsibility of my16hesaid inthe letter.I come to you,J7,to apologizefor the-damage I had18caused and to askyou to知，给酒店写了一封道歉信故选19my lifetime ban from the hotel.nJ BurchillB.考查形容词词义辨析句意海鸥立刻变得疯狂起来饥饿的；死亡12A.hungry B.dead的；失踪的；疯狂的根据后文C.missing D.wild They rushedtothe window,30or40birds all可知，海鸥被突然回到房间的trying to13atthesame time,and pepperoni-everywhere.吓到了，变得疯狂起来故选Burchill D.考查动词短语辨析句意它们冲到窗口，或只鸟都想同时出去，到处都是意133040大利香肠醒来；出去；起飞；闯入根据前文A.wake upB.get outC.take offD.break in及生活常识可知，鸟看到人类很害怕，想同时从窗户逃出去They rushedtothewindow故选B.考查名词词义辨析句意窗帘在落下，灯也在落下，真是一团糟混乱；14A.mess B.不解之谜；打架；挑战根据前文puzzle C.fight D.challenge The curtains were falling down,可知，现场一片混乱故选the lampswere fallingdown A.考查动词词义辨析句意”我很理智，我承认对自己的行为负责，”他在信中说15A.恢复；退休；逃跑;变理智根据后文recovered B.retired C.escaped D.matured and Iadmit，可知,已经认识到了自己的错误，所以认为自己很理智responsibilityof my16Burchill故选D.考查名词词义辨析句意”我很理智，我承认对自己的行为负责，他在信中说16A.苦难；计划；疯狂；行为根据后文suffering B.plans C.madness D.actions I cometo you,37,to apologizefor the-damage Ihad18caused andto askyou to19my lifetimeban from the hotel.可知，承认对自己的行为负责故选Burchill D.考查固定短语辨析句意我来找你，恭恭敬敬地，为我间接造成的伤害道歉并请求17您重新考虑我被终身禁止入住酒店的决定手放在口袋里；A.hands inpocket B.nose inthe air目中无人；毕恭毕敬地；脚踏实地根据后文C.hat inhand D.feet onthe groundto apologize及生活常识for the-damage Ihad18caused andto askyou to19my lifetimeban fromthe hotel.可知，向别人道歉，应该表明自己是毕恭毕敬地故选C.考查副词词义辨析句意我来找你，恭恭敬敬地，为我间接造成的伤害道歉并请求18您重新考虑我被终身禁止入住酒店的决定间接；故意地;A.indirectly B.deliberately C.谨慎地；秘密地根据前文cautiously D.secretly Thecurtainswerefallingdown,the lampswere可知，作者携带的意大利香肠招来了海鸥，海鸥在逃跑的过程中，造成了一fallingdown些东西的损坏，间接给酒店造成了损失故选Burchill A.考查动词词义辨析句意我来找你，恭恭敬敬地，为我间接造成的伤害道歉并请求19您重新考虑我被终身禁止入住酒店的决定取代；记得；A.replace B.remember C.reconsider重新考虑；更新根据空后和后文D.renew my lifetimeban fromthehotel.Banned fromthe可知，请求hotel since
2001.Burchill isnow welcometo comeback,the Fairmontsaid.Burchill酒店重新考虑自己被终身禁止入住酒店的决定故选C考查动词词义辨析句意他的信起作用了到达；起作用；
20.A.arrived B.worked C.ended结束;消失根据后文D.disappeared Banned fromthehotel since
2001.Burchill isnow welcome可知，他的信起作用了故选to comeback,the Fairmontsaid.B
11.A.B.uncertainC.unwise D.unusualunnecessaryB.quality C.origin D.price
12.A.appearanceB.shape C.color D.taste
13.A.sizeB.look C.become D.work
14.A.smellB.vivid C.short D.vague
15.A.happyB.check C.count D.pack
16.A.cleanB.useful C.convenient D.familiar
17.A.perfectB.on saleC.inseasonD.in need
18.A.on viewB.stored C.found D.grown
19.A.finishedB.given C.bought D.told
20.A.cooked
三、【年全国乙卷】2022Youngchildrenacrosstheglobeenjoyplayinggamesofhideandseek.For them,theressomething highlyexciting about1someone else*s glanceand makingoneself unabletobeseen.However,we allwitness thatpreschool childrenare remarkably2at hiding.Theyoftencoveronly theireyeswiththeirhands,leaving therest oftheir bodies
3.For along time,this ineffectivehiding methodwas4as evidencethatchildrenarehopelessly自我中心的）egocentric%creatures.But our5research resultsin childdevelopmentalpsychology6that idea.Webroughtyoungchildrenaged2-4into ourMinds inDevelopment Labat USC.Each7satdown withanadultwhocoveredher owneyesor
8.Wethenaskedthechild ifshecould9or heartheadult.Surprisingly,children repliedthat theycouldnt.The same10happened whenthe adultcoveredherownmouth:11children saidthat theycouldnt12to her.A numberof13ruled outthat thechildren misunderstoodwhat theywere beingasked.Theresults wereclear:Our youngsubjects14thequestionsandknew15what wasasked ofthem.Their16tothequestions reflectedtheir true17that1canseeyouonlyifyoucanseeme,too.They相互的）simply18mutuak recognitionand regard.Our19suggest whena childhides byputting ablanket overher head,it isnot aresult of
1.B.taking C.escaping D.directingA.followingB.bad C.scared D.quick
2.A.cleverB.examined C.untouched D.imbalancede3goc.Aen.etrxispmos.eIn fact,children considerthis method20when othersuse it.
4.A.supported B.guaranteed C.imagined D.interpreted
5.A.disappointing B.mixed C.surprising D.desiredB.confirmed C.contradicted D.testedB.child C.researcher D.doctorB.nose C.hands D.earsB.help C.reach D.fool
10.A.event B.thing C.actionD.accident
11.A.Yet B.Now C.SoonD.Once
12.A.speak B.listen C.turnD.wave
13.A.instructions B.descriptions C.experimentsD.assumptionsC.explored
14.A.comprehended B.predicted D.ignoredC.vaguely
15.A.partly B.honestly D.exactlyC.contribution
16.A.responses B.approaches D.sensitivityC.identity
17.A.ability B.belief D.purposeC.insist on
18.A.hold backB.relate toD.make upC.theories
19.A.limitations B.requirements D.findingsC.creativeB.impressive D.effective
四、【年全国甲卷】2022You cantell alot abouta manby howhe treatshis dogs.Formanyyears,I enjoyedliving withmydogs,Tilly andChance.Their]was nearlyenough tokeepmy lonelinessat bay.Nearly.Last year,I starteddating,but with2・When Ifirst datedSteve,I3hehadadog,Molly,andacat,Flora.While I was4that hewas ananimal lover,I5that threedogswere perhapstoomany,and mydogs mightattack6,the cat.The nextweek we7our dogstogether.It wasa hotday.Whenwepaused tocatch our8,Steve（求婚）got downon oneknee.Washeproposing Iliked himtoo.But so9He pouredwater fromabottleinto hishand andoffered ittomydogs.10,1began tofall forhim.We11to date,thoughneitherofusbrought up thefuture.And thenin lateNovember,Tillyhad anoperation onher12,Itookthedogsoutfourtimesaday,and Iworried thatTilly13climbingthe stairscould reopenthe wound.Then Steve14his house.All worked15,The threedogs formedapack that,with coaching,16Floras space;Steve andI formeda goodteam17for Tilly.We madegoodhousemates.A yearlater,much tomy18,this manproduced alittle boxwitharing andproposed（跪）tome.He didnot kneeldown,nor didI19himto.Thats onlyfor giving20tothe dogsthat broughtus together.
1.A.ownership B.membership C.companionship D.leadership
2.A.reservations B.expectations C.confidence D.prejudice
3.A.feared B.doubted C.hoped D.learned
4.A.unsatisfied B.amused C.terrified D.thrilled
5.A.predicted B.worried C.regretted D.insisted
6.A.Flora B.Chance C.Molly D.Tilly
7.A.tied B.walked C.bathed D.fed
8.A.breath B.balance C.attention D.imagination
9.A.calm B.sure C.soon D.real
10.A.By theway B.In thatcase C.By allmeans D.In thatmoment
11.A.continued B.decided C.intended D.pretended
12.A.eye B.tail C.ear D.leg
13.A.secretly B.constantly C.eventually D.unwillingly
14.A.left B.sold C.suggested D.searched
15.A.late B.hard C.fine D.free
16.A.emptied B.respected C.occupied D.discovered
17.A.looking B.caring C.waiting D.calling
18.A.delight B.credit C.interest D.disadvantage
19.A.beg B.trust C.need D.aid
20.A.toys B.awards C.food D.water
五、【年全国乙卷】2021Simply sayingthankyoudoesntseemenoughincertainsituations.Iwasconsidering thiswhileworking asa1just afew weeksago.And itcame tome thenhow mucheasier itwould beif（感谢）.we hada rangeof wordsthat expressdifferent2of gratitudeMythoughts weresoon
3.We hada womanpatient whowas4fromaknee replacement到下）operation.One afternoon,while5to getinto bedshe collapseddfrom whatwas6discoveredto beaheartattack.Thecollapsewas disastrous,7the emergencymedical teamand goodteamwork.（出院）But sherecovered,though8,and wasready fordischarge afterfour weeks.She was9for everythingthat themedical andnursingteamhad donefor her.On herday ofdischarge,we sharedin her10at herrecovery.Asshe was11shewaseagertosay12toeachof usinthe nursingteam.When she13one nurse,she triedto pressa five-pound noteinto herhand.Mycolleague14to acceptit,saying thatwe wereall just15our job.The patientlooked puzzled,andthen16:nOh this isnt forthe17Ihad.I takethat asa
18.No,thisisfor settingmy hairyesterday/And thereyou haveit.To manypeople,19lives ispart ofthejobbut stylinghairisan20andshould berewarded.
1.A.cleaner B.chemist C.nurse D.doctor
2.A.grades B.meanings C.needs D.expectations
3.A.brushed asideB.put tothe testD.taken intoaccount
4.A.departing B.escaping C.retiring C.D.recovering
5.A.attempting B.choosing pausingC.D.promising
6.A.eventually B.fortunately casuallyC.D.secretly
7.A.assessing B.requiring formingC.D.proving
8.A.slightly B.accidentally slowlyC.D.happily
9.A.grateful B.thoughtful sorrowfulC.D.fearful
10.A.surprise B.delight D.disappointmentcuriosity C.
11.A.operating B.thinking D.leavinghesitating C.
12.A.sorry B.hello D.yesgoodbye C.
13.A.reached B.consulted D.persuadedintroduced C.
14.A.wished B.pretended D.refusedfailed
15.A.enjoying B.doing D.startingC.securing C.
16.A.repeated B.recited D.reportedreplied C.
17.A.courage B.patience D.careduty
18.A.goal B.given D.greetingC.push
19.A.risking B.changing D.buildingC.saving
20.A.honour B.ability D.extraC.openingC.brought underdiscussion
六、【年全国甲卷】2021Its theseaside birdsthat deserveat leastpartofthe blamefor gettingNick Burchillblacklistedat theFairmont EmpressHotel inVictoria,Canada.Burchillwas1atthehotel onbusiness andplanning to2some friendsinthearea.They had（辣香肠）asked himto3some pepperonifrom backeast.Sohe4a suitcasefull ofpepperoni.Ashe was5that itwouldbetoo warm,he6itoutonthetablenearanopenwindow.He thoughthis（冷去pepperoniwas7andwellchilled Qand he
8.Thats whenthings went
9.nI rememberwalkingdownthelong10and openingthedoorto myroomto findan entireflock ofseagulls,Burchill saidinarecent letterof11tothe4-star hotel.HThe seagullsimmediatelywent12Theyrushedtothewindow,30or40birds alltrying to13at thesametime,and pepperoni-everywhere.Thecurtainswerefallingdown,the lampswere fallingdown,It wasa real
14.（莽撞）.Older andwiser now,Burchill chalkeduptheincident toyouthful indiscretion“1have15andIadmit responsibilityofmy16,he saidintheletter.Icometoyou,17,toapologize forthe-damage Ihad18caused andto askyou to19mylifetimebanfromthehotel.nHisletter20,Bannedfromthehotelsince
2001.Burchill isnow welcometo comeback,the Fairmontsaid.
1.A.studying B.staying C.looking D.packing
2.A.visit B.help C.follow D.make
3.A.sell B.have C.bring D.taste
4.A.filled B.locked C.abandoned D.lost
5.A.surprised B.pleased C.excited D.worried
6.A.dug B.cleared C.cut D.laid
7.A.delicious B.safe C.soft D.ready
8.A.left B.nodded C.waited D.regretted
9.A.far B.funny C.wrong D.blind
10.A.beach B.driveway C.hall D.table
11.A.application B.apology C.request D.invitation
12.A.hungry B.dead C.missing D.wild
13.A.wake upB.get outC.take offD.break in
14.A.mess B.puzzle C.fight D.challenge
15.A.recovered B.retired C.escaped D.matured
16.A.suffering B.plans C.madness D.actionsB.nose inthe air
17.A.hands inpocketC.hat inhand D.feet onthe ground
18.A.indirectly B.deliberately C.cautiously D.secretly
19.A.replace B.remember C.reconsider D.renew
20.A.arrived B.worked C.ended D.disappeared答案以及解析答案
1.D解析根据上文的可知,不得不离开她最To becometheOlympicchampion Gabby Douglas熟悉的一切尝试；认为;判断故选knew trythink judgeD.答案2B解析根据上文提到的要离开最熟悉的一切可知，她不得不收拾Gabby Douglaspack up她的卧室着手处理；打包行李，收拾行装；收拾干净take uppack upclean up；修缮,装饰房屋等%故选do up”B.答案3A解析她不得不告别她的两只狗和海滩向……道别”，是固定搭配saygoodbyeto故选Ao.答案4C解析根据上文的及下文的可知，在海滩，她喜欢在她的冲the beachwaves onher board浪板上冲浪冲浪；导致;观察;撞击故选ridethewaves causeobserve strikeC.答案5B解析由一词的转折可知，是时候迈出这一步了，该飞跃了常见的；But timecommon乐趣；艰难的故选fun toughB.答案6B解析要离开她最熟悉的一切，这是令人心碎的GabbyDouglasheartbreaking激动人心的”;引人注目的；晕头转向故选breathtaking”eye-catching head-spinningDo.答案7D解析根据上文的可推知，她来到离家leaveeverything...tohertwo dogsandtothe beach”大约英里的地方辍学；继续前往；靠边停车；1200drop outmove onpull overgo off离开故选D.答案8D。
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