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人教版九年级上学期英语Unitl-10语法知识点总结与练习Unitl How can webecome goodlearnersPeriod
11.一How do you learn English你如何学英语一I learnby studyingwith agroup.我通过小组合作来学习一Howcan I read faster我怎样才能读得快一些?—You canreadfasterby readingword groups.你可以通过读词组来读得快——叱一•观察以上两个例句,by+”表示去做某事,此时by短语用作状语:【学以致用】1I madegreat progressthis term通过亥U苦努力.2通过大声朗读,he has improved hispronunciation.
2.It stoo hard to understandspoken English.英语口语太难理解了too-to-通常用来表示否定含义,即“太……而不能……”【学以致用】1英语对玲玲来讲太难,她学不会English isforLingling.2他哥哥激动得睡不着觉His brotheris fallasleep..The moreyou read,the fasteryou11be.你读得越多,速度就会越快
3.“the+比较级,the+比较级”,意思是“越……,就越……”C.when ishe leavingD.what ishe leaving【学以致用】
二、教材重难点解析
1.Alice andHe Weipass byUncle Bob,s.艾丽斯和何伟经过鲍勃叔叔的小店Uncle Bob,s意为“鲍勃叔叔的小店”店铺、某人的家或工作场所等,可用名词所有格表示,所修饰的名词常常省去如1在理发店理发师:barber2在格林先生的家
2.Pardon me,do youknow ifthere sa restaurantaround here对不起,你知道这附近是否有餐馆吗?if在这里意为“,引导宾语从句,一般可与.换用但在介词后面或有or not时,只能用【拓展】if意为“如果”时,引导条件状语从句,当主句用一般将来时,从句则用一般现在时表示将来【学以致用】1It alldepends onhe likesthe placeor not.A.that B.whether C.if D.how2I herthe answerif sheme.A.will tell;asks B.tell;asksC.tells;ask D.will tell;will askPeriod
31.inexpensive作形容词,意为“”,其同义词为,反义词为Oinexpensive是由词根加上前缀构成的【学以致用】I decideto buythis coat,because its.It s only50yuan.A.expensive B.inexpensive C.crowded D.convenient【拓展】英语中常见的否定前缀有ldis表示”分开,分离;不”如like喜欢一不喜欢;agree同意一不同意⑵in-inr,ir-表示“不,无”如possible可能的一不可能的;polite礼貌的一不礼貌的3un表示“不,非”如happy高兴的一不高兴的;healthy健康的一不健康的
2.辨析spend,take,cost与pay1spend的主语通常是,结构为spend stime/moneysth.;spend stime/money insth.2take常用作形式主语,结构为sb.some timesth.3cost的主语是,常用于cost ssb.some结构4pay的主语是,常用于pay ssome sth.结构【学以致用】1Itme twohours tofinish myhomework lastnight.2The watchhim250yuan.That isto say,he250yuan forthewatch.3I thewhole afternooncleaning myroom yesterday.4Would youlike to30more dollarson thiscarUnit4I used to be afraid of the dark.Period
11.She wasnever braveenough to ask questions.她从来都没有勇气去问问题enough作副词,意为“,用来修饰,一般置于被修饰词之后【学以致用】他跑得足够快He runs.【拓展】enough还可用作词性,意为“,在句中作修饰,多放于名词前面【学以致用】There areforthem all.A.enough seatsB.food enoughC.seat enoughD.enough food
2.It sbeen threeyears sincewe lastsaw ourprimary schoolclassmates.自从上一次见到我们的小学同学已经有三年了1If sbeen+一段时间++从句”,意为“自从……以来已经有多长时间了”,还可表示为“It is+一段时间+since+从句”【学以致用】自从我开始学英语已经有5年了I began to learn English.2since此处用作词性,意为“主句常用时态,且动作需用延续/非延续性动词since后接从句,该从句用时态【学以致用】
①她自从来这所学校就教我们英语了Sheus Englishsince sheto thisschool.2My unclehas beenin thearmy hewas twentyyears old.A.for B.since C.until D.after【拓展】since还可作词,意为“”,后接表示的词,如two years ago,1988,last month等【学以致用】他已经在那儿工作10年了He hasworked theresince___________________________Period2
一、语法:used to的用法used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态,现在已不再发生或不存在,其中to为不定式符号,后接动词原形【教材典句】
1.—Mario,you used to beshort,didn,t you马里奥,你过去很矮,是吗?一Yes,I did.是的,我过去很矮
2.Paula used to bereally quiet,葆拉过去真的很安静
3.一Did heuse towear glasses他过去戴眼镜吗?一Yes,he did./No,he didn,t.是的,他过去戴眼镜/不,他过去不戴
4.She didn t use to liketests.她过去不喜欢考试以上均为关于used to用法的句子,句1为used to的反意疑问句,句2是其陈述句,句3是其一般疑问句及其答语,句4为其否定句【拓展】be/get/become used to doing sth.意为“习惯于做某事”be used to do/be used for doingsth.意为“被用来做某事”【学以致用】
1.Shelive withher grandparents,but she doesn,tnow.A.used to B.is used to C.was used to D.used
2.Jenny tobe heavy.Now she is a little thin.A.use B.uses C.used D.using
3.Lucy usedto go to bedlate,sheA.didntB doesnt Chadn tD isn t・・・
4.Tom Coke,but nowhe milk.A.usedto drink;is usedto drinkingB.usedto drinking;is drinkingC.is usedtodrinking;usedtodrinkD.is usedtodrink;is drinking
5.Wood makedesks.A.usedtoB.is usedto C.is used for D.isuse to
二、教材重难点解析
1.However,too muchattention canalso bea badthing.然而,太多的关注也可能成为坏事【辨析】too much,much too与too manytoo much意为“,后接可数/不可数名词;much too意为“”,修饰;too many意为“”,修饰可数/不可数名词的单数/复数形式【学以致用】lThe booki sd ear.2There isnoise in the classroom.3There arepassengers on the bus.
2.Only peoplemake itto thetop.只有极少数的人能攀上顶峰【辨析】a numberof与the numberofDa numberof+,意为“许多的”,作主语时,谓语动词用数形式;2the numberof+,意为”……的数目,作主语时,谓语动词用数形式【学以致用】Therea numberof bookson sciencein ourschoollibrary,and in these yearsthe numberof themgrowing largerandlarger.A.are;is B.is;are C.have;are D.has;hasPeriod
31.It ishard tobelieve thathe usedto havedifficulties inschool.很难相信他过去在学校有许多困难It ishardtobelieve that+从句,表示“很难相信”it是,that从句是真正的主语【学以致用】很难相信她只有9岁she,sonlynine.
2.Li Wens unhappinessbegantoinfluence hisschoolwork.李文的不快乐开始影响他的功课influence此处作词用,意为“【学以致用】他老师的话影响了他的一生His teacherswordshim forall his life.拓展】influence还可用作名词,意为“”常用短语:,意为“对某人有影响”【学以致用】他的想法对我的影响极大His ideame.
3.She advisedthem totalk withtheir sonin person.她建议他们亲自和他们的儿子谈•谈ladvise sb.to dosth.意为“建议某人做某事”【学以致用】老板建议他尽快离开The bossassoon aspossible.【拓展】advise doingsth.意为“建议做某事”【学以致用】他建议早动身H eearly.2in person意为“亲身;亲自”【学以致用】我将亲自去取它I willgo tofetch it.Unit5What arethe shirts made ofPeriod
11.What arethe shirts made of这些衬衫是由什么制成的?be made of意为“由制成材料看得见,be madefrom意为“由制成材料看不见【拓展】be madein二be producedin意为“在某地制造“,介词in后接产地be madeby sb.意为由制造”,介词by后接动作的执行者【学以致用】1The desksand chairsin the room wood.A.are madein B.are madefromC.are madeof D.are madeby2This bottleof wineis madegrapes andit is madeFrance.A.of;in B.from;of C.from;in D.in;from
2.China is famous fortea.中国因茶叶而闻名be famous for=be known for=be well-knownfor表示“因而出名”如Zhanjiang isfamousforits amazingscenery,湛江因其美丽的景色而出名【拓展】be famousas表示作为身份而出名”如:Jay Chouisfamousas asinger.周杰伦作为一名歌手而出名【学以致用】1科比因他出色的球技而出名Kobehis outstandingbasketball skills.2老舍作为一名作家而出名Lao Sheawriter.
3.It seems that manypeople allover theworld drinkChinese tea.似乎世界各地许多人都喝中国茶It seemsthat+从句,意思是“此句式只能用it作主语【学以致用】seemsthatmost youngpeople likepop stars.A.Its B.It sC.It D.ThatPeriod2
一、语态分类英语动词有两种语态,主动语态和被动语态主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,汉语中常用“被”“给”“由”“受”等词来表示如They willbuild a new bridgeover the river.主动语态A newbridge will be builtover theriver.被动语态
二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“be+动词的过去分词”构成人称、数和时态的变化是通过be动词的变化表现出来的,通常由by连接动作的执行者
1.一般现在时的被动语态构成am/is/are+done如This kind of caris madeinShanghai.
2.一般过去时的被动语态构成was/were+done如The bridgewas builtin
1992.【学以致用】
1.一Do youoften cleanyour classroom一Yes.Our classroomevery day.A.clean B.cleans C.is cleanedD.iscleaning
2.—Did yougo toJack,s birthdayparty一No,I.A.am not invited B.wasn tinvitedC.havent invitedD didntinvite・
3.—Mum,canIgoto the zoowith Jack—When yourhomework,youcan.A.is doneB.was doneC.does D.did
4.Some newcomputers lastnight.A.were stolenB.was stolenC.stole D.werestole
5.a newlibrary inyour schoollast yearA.Is;built B.Was;built C.Does;built D.Did;builtPeriod
31.He sentthem outtoaskfor helpwhen in trouble.当处于困境中时,他放出孔明灯寻求帮助introuble意为“处在麻烦/困境中”;类似短语有in danger意为“处于危险中”;be ingreat danger意为“处于极大危险中”【学以致用】野生大象正处于极大危险中,我们应该保护它们Wild elephants,so we should protectthem.
2.They are madeofbamboo andcovered withpaper.它们是由竹子做成的,并用纸覆盖着be coveredwith意为“被覆盖”;cover sth.with sth.意为”用覆主.....rm o【学以致用】冬天地面被雪覆盖The groundsnowin winter.
3.It takesseveral weeksto completeeverything.完成这一切需要花费几周时间take用于句型it takessb.•••to dosth.,仅指花费时间three hours等做某事,必须用it作形式主语【拓展】1spend用于sb.spend---on sth•或者sb.spend---in doingsth.in可以省略,spend的主语必须是人,可以指花费时间,也可以指花费金钱2cost用于sth.costs sb.sth.money,主语必须是物,多指花费金钱【学以致用】1一What beautifulshoes youre wearing!They must be expensive.—No,they only10yuan.A.spent B.took C.paid D.cost2It willme toomuch timeto readthis book.A.take B.cost C.spend D.pay3She usuallymuch timeshopping in the supermarket.A.spends B.costs C.takes D.paysUnit6When wasit inventedPeriod1What isit usedfor它是用来做什么的?be usedfor doing二be usedto do表示“被用来做表用途”【区别】过去常常做某事习惯做某事【学以致用】pieces.A.is usedtoB.used toC.were usedto D.are usedfor
2.—Is hehomework at一Yes,heis.homeA.used toD.useto doC.usedfordoing B.usedto doingup earlyin themorning.
3.IB.usedto getA.usedtogettingD.am usedto getC.usedforgetting
1.In ancienttimes,knives cutthe animalsintoPeriod2被动语态概述II⑴你背诵单词的次数越多,你记得就越好The moretimes yourecite thewords,you rememberthem.⑵你吃的食物越健康,你就会越强壮The healthierfood youeat,you will be.
4.It takestime.这得花时间It takessb.some timeto dosth.意思是“花了某人多长时间去做某事“在这里,it是形式主语,指代后面的动词不定式,动词不定式才是真正的主语【学以致用】做这顿饭花了我三个小时It tookme3hours themeal.Period
21.The teacherspoke soquickly thatI didnot understandher mostof thetime.老师讲得如此快以至于大部分时间我都听不懂她讲什么so…that…引导结果状语从句,意思是“如此……以至于……”,其中so是副词,与形容词或副词连用,即“so+形容词或副词+that从句”【学以致用】他如此激动以至于说不出话来He washe couldn,t saya word.【区别】so that引导目的状语从句时,意思是“为了,目的是如Tom getsup earlyso thathe cancatch the first buseveryday.汤姆每天早起是为了能赶上第一班公共汽车
2.Why didWei Fenfind itdifficult tolearnEnglish为什么魏芬发现学英语很难?此句运用了句型sb.+find+it+形容词+to dosth.,意为“某人发现做某事……”
1.一Are yourshirtsmadeof cotton你的衬衫是棉质的吗?一Yes,they are.And they aremadein theUS.是的,而且它们是在美国制造的
2.一What sthe modelplane madeof这架飞机模型是由什么制成的?—It,smadeof usedwood andglass.它是由用过的木头和玻璃制成的句1是被动语态的一般疑问句及其回答;句2是被动语态的特殊疑问句及其回答【小结】被动语态构成:be动词+过去分词p.p.一般现在时的被动语态构成:am/is/are+done如This kindof carismadein Shanghai.一般过去时的被动语态构成:was/were+done如The telephonewas inventedin
1876.一般将来时的被动语态构成:willbe+done如A newroad willbe built between thetwo townsin twoyears.【学以致用】
1.In China,badminton everywhere.A.played B.is playedC.are playedD.plays
2.一Excuse me,sir.Smoking in the gasstation.一Oh,I mreallysorry.A doesnt allowB isnt allowed・・C arent allowedD.allows・
3.Many housesin theearthquake ofApril20,2013in Yaan.A.is destroyedB.are destroyedC.were destroyedD.destroyed
4.The homeworkin tenminutes.A.was finishedB.is finishedC.willbefinishedD.finishA.invented B.was invented
5.Personal computersabout40yearsago.C.were inventedD.was inventedbyPeriod
31.It isbelieved that thefirstbasketball gamein historywas playedonDecember21,
1891.人们认为历史上第一场篮球赛是在1891年12月21日举行的It isbelieved that意为“据信;人们认为“类似短语有“据说”;“据报道”______________________________【学以致用】1人们认为他是最好的运动员之一the bestplayers.⑵据报道他成功地发明了一台新机器anewmachine successfully.
2.Basketball has not onlybecome apopular sport to play,but ithas alsobecomea popularsporttowatch.篮球不仅成了一项受欢迎的运动,而且成了一项受欢迎的观赏运动not only-but also-意为“不仅……而且……”,后面接谓语动词时遵循“就近原则”【学以致用】⑴我不但是一位作家,还是一位演员I amawriter,an actor.2Not onlyyou but also hepart in the volunteeractivityevery week.A.take B.takes C.to takeD.taking
3.The numberof foreignplayers,including Chineseplayers,in theNBA hasincreased.NBA中的外国球员的数量有所增加,其中也包括中国球员the numberof意为”的数量”,作主语时谓语动词用单数形式;a numberof=many,意为“许多”,后面的谓语动词用复数形式【学以致用】1The numberof therest applesmore than10in thefridgetoday.A.are B.is C.were D.was2A numberof studentshaving agood timeintheplayground rightnow.A.are B.is C.were D.wasUnit7Teenagers shouldbe allowed to choosetheir ownclothes.Period1请仔细观察以下句子,思考并归纳allow的用法
1.My motherallows meto gofishing.我妈妈允许我去钓鱼
2.We dont allowsmoking inour house.我们不允许在房子里抽烟
3.Teenagers shouldn,t be allowed to smoke.青少年不应该被允许抽烟从上可知allow在句子中的结构,其中句1的结构为:,意思,句2的结构为:意思是“句3的结构为,意思是,,aO【学以致用】1When I was yourage,my parentsdidn,t meto goout atnight.A.let B.allow C.make D.ask2Should teenagersallowed tomake their own decisionsA.is B.are C.be D./Period2含有情态动词的被动语态1,肯定句结构情态动词(should/must/can/could/may/might等)++动词的过去分词(注:其中的be动词没有变化)如Teenagers shouldbeallowedto choosetheirownclothes.青少年应该被允许自己挑选衣服The workmust befinished byten.这项工作必须在十点前完成
2.含有情态动词的被动语态变为否定句时,要在情态动词后面加note否定句结构:情态动词++be+动词的过去分词如Students shouldnot beallowedtohave part-time jobs.学生不应该被允许做兼职工作Rubbish mustnot bethrown intotheriver.禁止向河里丢垃圾
3.变为一般疑问句时,要把移到句首一般疑问句结构:情态动词+主语+be+动词的过去分词+其他?(注意:含有情态动词的一般疑问句的回答应保留原句中的情态动词,但如果问句中用must表“必须”时,否定回答应用needn t)如:一Can myhomework bedone tomorrow我的家庭作业可以明天做吗?一Yes,it can./No,it can t.是的,可以明天做/不,不能明天做一Must thebedroom becleared outnow现在必须清理卧室吗?一Yes,it must./No,it neednt.是的,必须现在清理/不,不需要现在清理【学以致用】We shouldclean thefloor rightnow.一
1.(变成被动语态)-
2.(变成被动语态的否定句)一
3.(变成被动语态的一般疑问句)
4.(作肯定回答和否定回答)Period
31.Parents shouldnot betoo strictwith teenagers.父母不应该对青少年要求太严格句子画线部分的结构为:;【拓展】be strictwith sb.in sth.意思是“在某方面对某人严格”【学以致用】()一What syour Englishteacher like一She isvery strictus ourstudy.A.at;with B.in;with C.with;in D.in;at
2.Only thenwill I have achance toachieve mydream.只有那样,我才有实现梦想的机会
(1)这是一个倒装句,谓语被部分或完全置于主语之前,构成“倒装语序“o正常语序是I willhave achance toachieve mydream only then.但由于与前文的连贯性及强调的需要,nlythen被置于句首在英语中,nly用于句子的开头,后接副词、介词短语或状语从句时,句子(主句)应倒装如Only afterayear didI beginto see the resultsof mywork.直至lj——年后,我才开始看到我的工作成果【学以致用】直到昨天他才意识到他的手表丢了Only yesterdaythathis watchwas lost.⑵句子画线部分的结构为意思是“”;同义结构是:OUnit8It must belong toCarla.Period1It must belong toCarla.它肯定是属于卡拉的belong to意为“属于,它一般不用于进行时态和被动语态如:The hairband belongsto Anna.JThe hairband isbelonging toAnna.XThe hairband isbelonged toAnna.X【拓展】OF,belong to后面常接人sb.作宾语,不接名词所有格或名词性物主代词,但可以和名词性物主代词或名词所有格一般是S所有格互相转换如The blue jacket belongsto him/Jerry,f Thebluejacketis his/Jerry s.【学以致用】—Can Iuse yourbike fora while一No,it doesn,tbelongto.It isJohn s.A.I B.me C.myself D.minePeriod2——、语法:must be,could be,might be和can tbe的用法以上词汇都是,用它们来表示对物品归属的其主要用法如下l.must be意思是“一定是”,表示推测的理由非常充分,语气很肯定如The hairband must be Lindas,because she is theonly girlhere.这个发带一定是琳达的,因为她是这里唯一的一个女孩
2.could be/might be意思是可能是,表示猜测的语气不够肯定如It could be Meis hairband.Or itmight belongto Linda.They bothhave longhair.它可能是梅的发带,也有可能是琳达的,她们两人都留有长发
3.can,tbe意思是“不可能是”,表示否定的推测如The coatcan tbe Mike,s.He isthin andshort,but thecoat isso large.这件外套不可能是迈克的他又瘦又矮,而这件外套这么宽大【学以致用】
1.一Where,s Jean一I m not sure.She inthe laboratory.A.might be B.must be C.is D.be
2.The bookCarla s.Look!Her nameis onit.A.mustbeB.can tbeC.might beD.couldbe
3.The yellowbag Sues,because herbag isblack.A.mustbeB.might beC.cantbe D.couldbe
二、教材重难点解析
1.Every nightwe hearstrange noisesoutside ourwindow.每天晚上我彳都听到窗外有奇怪的声音noise指的是人们不愿听到的“噪声”,既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词如:Don tmake somuch noise,别这么大声吵闹These machinesmake agreat noise.这些机器噪声真大【拓展】1sound泛指自然界的各种“声音”如Light goesfaster thansound.光比声音传播得快2voice则指说话和唱歌的“嗓音”,有时也指鸟鸣的声音如They talkedin aloud voice.他们高声谈话He hasgot agood voice.他有一副好嗓子【学以致用】—Did youhear anystrange when the quakehappened一No,I wasenjoying thebeautiful ofmy birdsat thattime.A.voice;noise B.noise;soundC.whisper;sound D.sound;voice
2.There mustbe somethingvisiting thehomes inour neighborhood定有什么东西闯入我们社区……there be结构可与情态动词连用,表示“可能有,一定有在此结构中,动词-ing形式用作定语,修饰前面的主语,相当于一个定语从句如There mustbe nostudents studyingintheclassroom now.二There mustbe nostudents whoare studyingintheclassroom now.现在一定没有学生在教室里学习【学以致用】听!一定是有人在敲门Listen!at thedoor.Period
31.Stonehenge,a rockcircle,is not only one of Britain,s mostfamoushistorical placesbut alsooneofits greatestmysteries.巨石阵,一个由巨石组成的圆圈,不仅是英国最著名的历史名胜而且是最大的谜团之一“not only-but also…”是一个并列连词词组,它可连接两个相对称的并列成分连接并列主语时,谓语动词遵循就近原则,即谓语动词的单复数与靠近谓语的主语保持一致如Not onlythe studentsbut alsotheir teacherwants to seethe film.不仅学生们而且他们的老师也想看这部电影【拓展】lboth…and…意为”不但而且;既又”,相当于notonly…but also-,用来连接两个对等的成分,当它连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词要用复数形式如Both mymother andmy fatherlike readingbooks,我爸爸和妈妈都喜欢看书2either---or---意为“或者或者;要么要么,neither…nor-意为“既不……也不……”,当它们连接两个并列主语时一,谓语动词都遵循就近原则,即谓语与or或nor后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致如Neither Tomnor Samhas theticket forthe film.汤姆和萨姆都没有电影票Eitheryou orI amright.不是你对,就是我对【学以致用】1-Do you think mostofthepeople inBeijing cantalk withforeignersin English一Yes,I thinkso.the youngthe oldarelearning tospeak English.A.Either;or B.Neither;norC.Between;and D.Not only;but also2Lucy Lilymay godancing withyou,because theyarenot allowedto goout onschool nights.A.Either;or B.Neither;norC.Both;and D.Not only;butalso
2.They thinkthe stonescan preventillness andkeep peoplehealthy.他们认为这些石头可以防止疾病并使人保持健康prevent是及物动词,可以直接接宾语,表示“阻止或禁止做某事”,强调采取预防措施或设置障碍去阻止某人或某事;常用短语prevent sb./sth.from doingsth.阻止某人或某物做某事类彳以用法还有:stop/keep sb./sth.from doingsth.o【学以致用】我们必须阻止水被污染We mustthewater polluted.Unit9I likemusic thatI candance to.Period
11.I prefermusic that has great lyrics.我更喜欢歌词优美的音乐这是一个含有定语从句的复合句thathasgreatlyrics是定语从句music是先行词,that是引导定语从句的关系代词,在定语从句中作主语⑴定语从句限定的名词或代词叫先行词先行词指物,定语从句的引导词是that/which,并在定语从句中作主语或宾语如I lovemusic that/which I can singalong with.我喜欢我能随之歌唱的音⑵先行词指人,定语从句的引导词是that/who,并在定语从句中作主语或宾语如I likepeople who/that aregood atEnglish,我喜欢擅长英语的人【学以致用】1We prefermovieshave ahappy ending.A.which B.who C.where D.why2I likepeople canplay basketballwith me.A.what B.which C.who D.whom
2.I prefermovies thatgive me something tothink about.我喜欢给我一些思考的电影something等复合不定代词与动词连用时.,使用动词不定式to do结构【学以致用】1I amhungry.Please givemesomething.A.eat B.eating C.to eatD.eats2He feltbored becausehe didnt have anythingdo.
3.There sno singing.没有歌词no在此句中是限定词,置于名词或动名词v.-ing前起限定作用【学以致用】1mnothappy becauseIhavesister orbrother.A.not B.no CisntD.aren,t・Period2在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句定语从句通常置于它修饰的名词或代词之后,被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词如
1.I likemusic thatI candance to,我喜欢我能跟着跳舞的音乐
2.
2.Carmen likesmusicians whoplay differentkinds ofmusic.卡喜欢能演奏不同种类的音乐的音乐家上面两句中的music和musicians是定语从句所修饰的词,叫作,定语从句在先行词的(前/后)面引导定语从句的【学以致用】杰克发现学好数学很难J ackf ounddiff icult mathwell.
3.Do you learnEnglishby readingaloud你通过大声朗读来学习英语吗此句的by是“通过……方式”的意思,后常接动词-ing形式【拓展】Linda usuallygoes towork bybus.琳达通常坐公共汽车上班A.by B.in C.with D.for2The boyis learningto writea pencil.A.with B.by C.in D.on3■—How doyoulearnJapanese sowell一chatting with my uncleJapaneseonline.C.With;in D.By;inA.By;with B.In;by“by+也可以用来表示使用某种交通工具by+动名词/名词表示通过具体做某事或使用某种交通工具with+名词表示用某种具体的工具、手段,外貌特征,或附带的东西in+名词表示用语言、语调、笔墨、颜色等【学以致用】lMary andKathleen aretalking alow voice.Period
31.Studies showthat ifyou areinterested insomething,your brainis moreactive…研究表明,如果你对某种东西感兴趣,你的大脑会更加活跃……be/get/become interestedin sth.意思是“对感兴趣”,它与take/have/show aninterest insth.同义【学以致用】词有关系代词that,which,who等关系代词放在先行词和定语从句之间起联系作用,同时又作定语从句的一个成分然而,which和that指人/物,在从句中作主语或宾语;who和that指人/物,在从句中作主语或宾语【学以致用】
1.The storieswere writtenby MarkTwain arehumorous.A.who B.that C.those D.what
2.Books areeverywhere,but itsnoteasy tofind oneis reallyinteresting.A.that B.who C.it D.what
3.Do youknow theplace wevisited lastweekA.that B.where C.when D.who
4.The manwears glassesis mybrother.A.where B.when C.which D.whoPeriod
31.How doyou feel about thispiece ofmusic你认为这首曲子怎样?止匕句可以用What doyouthink of/about thispiece ofmusic和How doyoulike thispiece ofmusic替换【学以致用】doyoufeelaboutthe movie,JackIt sinteresting butalittlescary.A.How B.What C.Which D.Why
2.By theend ofhislife,hecouldplay over600pieces ofmusic.在他生命的后期,他能弹奏600多首曲子by theend of…到的末尾为止;at theend of…在的末尾;intheend最后,终于【学以致用】A.by theend of B.at theend ofC.intheend D.attheending Jimmypassed hisexam,so hewas happy.Unit10You resupposed toshake hands.Period1In yourcountry,what areyou supposed to dowhen youmeet someonefor thefirsttime在你们国家,当你和某人初次见面时,你应该怎么做?be supposed to dosth.相当于should do/be expectedto dosth.,意为“应该做某事”,用来表示根据规定或传统习惯人们不得不做某事或期待发生某事be supposed to…中的to是动词不定式符号,不是介词,其后接动词原形,be动词有人称和时态的变化如As astudent,you are supposedtostudy hard.作为一名学生,你应该努力学习【拓展】1be supposedto还表示“被认为如They aresupposedtobe veryclever.他们被认为很聪明2否定结构为be not supposedto…,常用于口语中,意为“不被许可,不应当……”如You arenot supposedto dothat.你不应当那样做【学以致用】Din France,you putthe breadon thetable.You arenot supposedtoput iton theplate.A.need B.will C.aresupposedtoD.shouldn t
②We retosmokehere.There isa NOSMOKING sign.A.notsupposeB.not supposedC.supposeD.supposed3He supposedto keeptheroomclean.A.beB.am C.are D.isPeriod2It simpolite tokeep otherswaiting.让别人等是不礼貌的lIt s+adj.+to dosth.表示“做某事是怎样的如It simportant tostudyEnglish.学习英语是重要的【拓展】It+is+adj.+for sb.+to dosth.这一句型中,形容词表示做某事怎么样如It isdifficult forus towrite anEnglish article,对于我们来说,写一篇英语文章是困难的It+is+adj.+of sb.+todosth.这一句型中,形容词表示人的品质、性格或特性如It iskindofyou tohelp mewithmyEnglish.你真好,帮助我学习英语【学以致用】It iscleveryou towork outthe mathproblem.A.ofB.for C.with D.in2keep sb.doingsth.意为“让某人一直做某事“如The teacherkeeps himreading Englishevery morning.老师让他每天早上读英语【学以致用】不要让你的妈妈等你太久Don,ttoo long.Period
31.She alsohas ateenage granddaughterabout myage who is really kind.她有一个和我年龄相仿的十几岁的孙女,她很友好whoisreallykind是定语从句,先行词是granddaughter【学以致用】The studentslike theteachers arefriendly tothem.A.which B.what C.whom D.who
2.You wouldnt believehow quicklymy Frenchhas improvedbecause ofthat.你简直都想象不到就因为这样我的法语提高得有多快how quicklymy Frenchhasimprovedbecause ofthat是由how引导的感叹句,充当believe的宾语because of意为“因为”,后接名词、代词或名词性短语because意为“因为”,后接句子,引导原因状语从句【学以致用】1fast Jimis running!A.What B.How C.What aD.How a2Jim waslate forwork theheavy traffic.A.Because B.when C.why D.because of我对科学感兴趣I science.
2.They arenot afraidof makingmistakes.他们不害怕犯错误be afraidof doingsth.=beafraidtodosth.,意/思、是“害T自做某事”,beafraid ofsth.意思是“害怕某物”【学以致用】1你害怕站在高处吗?Are youhigh⑵我小时候怕黑I thedark whenIwasa child.Unit2I thinkthat mooncakesare delicious!Period
11.I veput onfive pounds!我已经重了5磅!put on在句中的意思是“增加体重”,它还有“穿上”的意思【学以致用】⑴因为吃了太多垃圾食品,我的体重增加了10磅I becauseI atetoomuchjunk food.⑵外面天气冷了,请穿上外套It scold outside.Please yourcoat.
2.I amgoing toChiang Maiin twoweeks.两个星期后我将去清迈“in+时间段”用于将来时态,表示“在……以后”,对其提问用how soono【区别】after+时间段”通常用于表示过去的时态,意思是“在……时间以后”,对其提问用when【学以致用】1-How soonwill you come back—a month.A.After B.In C.On D.At⑵两个小时之后,他回到了家He returnedhome.Period2
一、宾语从句在主从复合句中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句宾语从句有用从属连词that和whether/if引导的,还有用连接代词和连接副词引导的本单元先来学习that和whether/if引导的宾语从句
1.that引导的宾语从句that引导宾语从句时只起连接作用,没有词义,也不在句中充当任何成分,口语中常省略如He saysthathe wontbefree untiltomorrow.他说直到明天他才有空
2.whether/if引导的宾语从句whether和if都意为“是否”,它们引导宾语从句时也不在从句中作成分,但不能省略这类从句一般可以理解为由一般疑问句或选择疑问句句式的直接引语转化而来如Michael wondersif/whether hehas passedthe exam.迈克尔想知道他是否通过了考试Harry askedme if/whether thiswas theright way.哈里问我这条路对不对【学以致用】1I knowhewill cometo attendthe meeting.2I wonderI shouldwear acoat fortheparty.
二、感叹句感叹句是表示说话时的喜、怒、哀、乐等较为强烈的感情的句子,一般用how或what弓|导
1.how引导的感叹句how作状语,修饰形容词、副词或句子how引导的感叹句常用以下句式:How+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语!How+主语+谓语!如How lovelya girlsheis!她是多么可爱的一个女孩啊!How interestingthefilmis!这部电影真有趣呀!How Iwish tojoin theart club!我多么想加入艺术俱乐部呀!
2.what引导的感叹句what作定语,修饰名词,名词前可有形容词或不定冠词修饰what引导的感叹句常用以下句式What+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!What+adj.+可数名词复数+主语+谓语!What+adj.+不可数名词+主语+谓语!如:What agreat holidayit was!多棒的假期啊!多美的花儿啊!What badweather itis today!今天天气真糟糕啊!What beautifulflowers theyare!【学以致用】
1.fools theywere!They believedwhat theman said.A.How B.How aC.What D.What a
2.fast theboy ran!A.How B.How aC.What D.What a
3.I missmy friendvery much.I wanttoseeher!A.How B.How aC.What D.What a
4.lovely weatherwe arehaving thesedays!A.How B.How aC.What D.What a
5.difficult questionstheyare!Ican,t workthem out.A.How B.How aC.What D.What aPeriod
31.Many wouldagree thatwhen wethink ofChristmas,we probablythink ofgifts,Christmas treesand SantaClaus.许多人都会同意,当我们想起圣诞节的时候,我们就可能想起礼物、圣诞树和圣诞老人thinkof意思是“想起,认为,考虑”,后面可以接名词、代词或动名词v.-ing【区别】think的意思是“想,思索,以为,看待”,后面接宾语从句think+that从句【学以致用】1你认为中国怎么样What doyouChina⑵我认为湛江很漂亮Zhanjiang isvery beautiful.
2.He warnsScrooge tochange hisways ifhedoesn,t wantto end up likehim.他警告Scrooge,如果他不想和他一样的下场,就要改变他的方式end up意思是“结束,告终”,常用短语:end upwith”以结束,enduplike“像……结束”【学以致用】⑴会议以一首歌作为结束The meetinga song.2我希望你不会有和他一样的下场I hopeyou won,t him.Unit3Could youplease tell me wherethe restroomsarePeriod
11.Excuse me,could youplease tell me howtoget tothe bookstore打扰7,请问你能告诉我怎么去书店吗?1本句是问路或询问处所的常用句型,此处.用以礼貌地引起他人的注意,也表示尊重对方【拓展】问路的常用句型©Excuse me,get to---
②Excuse me,could/can youtell meto***
③Excuse me,could/can youtell megetto…?©Excuse me,could/can youtellme•••is
⑤Excuse me,is…,please
⑥Excuse me,a/an--*near here2Could youplease-意为“请你……好吗?”,是表示有礼貌地提出请求的交际用语,please后接动词的,否定形式为:Could youplease notdo•••【学以致用】请你告诉我书店在哪里好吗?Could youplease
2.Do youknow when the bookstorecloses today你知道今天书店什么时候关门吗?本句是一个含有的主从复合句,when thebookstorecloses today是宾语从句,作动词的宾语;其中是引导词,宾语从句要用语序【学以致用】1-Could youtellmeyesterday一Because mybike wasbroken onmy wayhere.A.why youcame lateB.why doyou come lateC.why youcomelateD.why didyoucomelate2-Do youknow inAmerica—Sure.It sonthethird Sundayof June.A.when Father,s Dayis B.how isFather s DayC.when isFather,s DayD.how Father,sDayisPeriod2
一、语法:宾语从句的用法
1.含义:在复合句中作宾语的从句叫宾语从句
2.时态1如果主句为一般现在时,从句可选择任意适合的时态;⑵如果主句是一般过去时,从句一般要用表示过去的某种时态;3当宾语从句是表达客观事实或客观规律的句子时,其时态仍用一般现在时
3.不管什么类型的宾语从句,总是用陈述句语序
4.疑问词引导的宾语从句当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,疑问词就是引导词,这时疑问词不可省略,而且从句要用陈述句语序,即疑问词+主语+其他如1Where shouldwe havea meetingfCould youplease tellme whereweshouldhaveameeting2What shouldI do nextf Iwonder whatI shoulddonext.【学以致用】
1.Do youknowA.where heis fromB.where ishe fromC.what doeshis fatherdo D.what ishis fatherdoing
2.I dont rememberthebookyesterday.A.where I put B.where didI putC.where shouldIputD.where Iwill put
3.Could youplease tellmeA.when willthe meeting startB.whenthemeeting startC.whenthemeeting willstartD.when willbe themeetingstart
4.I dont knowA.why heis leavingB.why ishe leaving。