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考点宾语从句22丑1命题趋势宾语从句是中考必考考点之一,主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语序,有时也会考查宾语从句的引导词考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子阅读理解和书面表达肯定也会考查到宾语从句因此学生要熟练掌握宾语从句的用法宾语从句宾语主句+if/\vhe山er+陈述句O为疑问句从句从句为特主句+疑问词+陈述句O殊疑问句指“人O who,whom,that关系指“物O which,that代词定语复合句从句指“时间”O when介词+which指“地点”O where指“原因”O why时间㊀when,while,before,after,as,until...地点where条件O if,unless,as longas--------------------------;---------状语原因O because,since,as,for从句、结果so that,in orderthat主句+that+肯定句让步O although,though,even though/if比较o than口的O sothat,in orderl方式O as引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择;
1.作定语whose注意:由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序,故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序请看下列两组句子1How muchdoes this coat costf I want to know how muchthiscoatcosts.Where didyou goyesterdayf Please tell mewhere youwent yesterday.当疑问代词、在特殊疑问句中作主语时,该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序,2what who所以当该句用来作宾语时,语序不需要调整怎么了?Whats wrong with youfHe asked the girl what waswrongwithher.怎么了?Whats the matterf He asked thegirlwhatwas thematter.What has happened to himf Wewant to know whathashappenedtohim.引导的宾语从句if/whether当从句部分是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时,常用或引导宾语从句,意为if whetherif/whether是否说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚常用在see,ask,say,learn,tell,wonder,doubt,find out,等后,二者通常可以互换口语中多用代替在非be uncertain/doubtful/be notknown if whethero正式的写作中,可以使用或两个词来表达不定性,两者都算标准if whether我想知道他是不是个司机I wonder if/whether he is adriver.Alice wants to know if/whether she has passed the exam.爱丽丝想知道她是否考试及格了莉莉问她是否喜欢它Lily askedif/whether she liked it.我想知道他是否住在这儿I wantto knowif whether he lives there..他问我是否可以帮助他He askedme whetherif Icould helphim【拓展】一般情况下,和可互换,在口语中多用而在以下几种情况下,只能用if whetherif,whethero与连用分别引导两个从句时,或强调两方面的选择,特别是句中有时用
1.or or not whether,不用if我不矢口道他们是否会来I dont know whetheror notthey will come.I dont know whether he iswrong orshe iswrong.Let meknow whetheryou can come or not.I dontknow whetherhe willwin or not.I willwrite to you whetherornotI can come/whether I can comeornot.在动词不定式之前只能用
2.whethero他不知道是否会去He doserftknow whetherto go ornot.请告诉我们是去那里还是待在这里Please tellus whetherto go there orstay here.Whether togoorstay isstill aquestion.Im notsure whetherto stayor leave.I didntknow whetherto laughor tocry.在介词之后只能用引导宾语从句,而则不能
3.whether If那取决于我是否有足够的时间It dependson whether I haveenough time.Success dependson whether we makeenough effort.I haventsettled thequestion ofwhether rilgo backhome.It dependson whetherthe letterarrives intime.I worryabout whetherI hurt her feelings.宾语从句置于句首表示强调时,用不用
4.whether,ifWhether thisis true,I cantsay.Whether he is single,I dontknow.Whether thisis true,I cantsay.Whether heis single,I dontknow.在某些动词(如)之后,只能用而不用引导宾语从句
5.discuss,decide whether,if(虚拟语气)We discussedwhether weshould closethe shop.(虚寸以语气)We discussedwhether weshould gothere byplane.(虚寸以语气)We discussedwhetherweshould holda meeting..在引导否定概念宾语从句时,只能用而不用6if,whetherHe askedme if I hadntfinished mywork.注意否定句用引导因为意为相信,不怀疑,是否表示疑虑doubt thatdont doubtif在跟踪训练一
1.Do you knowour school——Tomorrow.A.when the American students visit B.when the American studentswill visitC.when dotheAmericanstudents visitD.when willtheAmericanstudentsvisit【答案】B【详解】句意——你知道美国学生什么时候来参观我们学校吗?——明天考查宾语从句动词“know”后面是宾语从句,宾语从句应用陈述语序,排除选项C和D;根据可知句子应用一般将来时故选Tomorrow”B
2.—Lefs goswimming ifit this weekend.—But nobodyknows ifit.A.will befine;will rainB.is fine;will rainC.is fine;rains D.will befine;rains【答案】B【详解】句意——如果这个周末天气好,我们去游泳吧——但是没人知道会不会下雨考查时态第一句话中表示“如果”,引导条件状语从句,需遵循“主将从现原则,故从句时if态为一般现在时;第二句中表示“是否“,引导宾语从句,主句时态为一般现在时,从句时if态没有限制,”提示此处该从句时态应为一般将来时故选“thisweekendB一
3.What didour mathteacher sayyesterday Iwas illand didntcome toschool.一She told us.A.why wedidnt doour homeworkB・that wewould havea testnext weekC.when willwe havea fieldtrip【答案】B【详解】句意——我们的数学老师昨天说了什么?我生病了,没来上学——她告诉我们下周要考试考查宾语从句句子作“tokr的宾语,属于宾语从句,从句用陈述语序,排除C;根据可知,陈述老师告诉我们的内容,用陈述句,项符合语境故选“Shetoldus...”B B一
4.Im interestedin Huawei\new smartphones.Do you know一Next month.A.how canI getone B.when they willcomeout C.how muchtheywillbe【答案】B【详解】句意——我对华为的新智能手机感兴趣你知道他们什么时候出来吗?——下个月考查宾语从句句子是宾语从句,用陈述语序,排除A;根据“Nextmonth”可知上文询问时间,用引导宾语从句故选when B
5.—Do you know—Sorry,I dontknow.A.whats thepopulation ofJapanB・what thepopulation ofFrance isC.how manyis thepopulation ofFrance【答案】B【详解】句意——你知道法国的人口是多少吗?——对不起,我不知道考查宾语从句对人口提问常用句型为且本句是宾语从句,因此从Whats thepopulation of…句要用陈述句语序,故选B一
6.Excuse me,could youplease tell me一Sure.Ifs aboutten minutes5walk.A.how I can reachthe nearest bookstore B.how canI reachthe nearestbookstoreC.how farthe nearestbookstore is D.how faris the nearestbookstore【答案】C【详解】句意——打扰一下,你可以告诉我最近的书店有多远吗?——当然可以走路大约需要十分钟考查宾语从句是双宾语动词,因此此空是宾语从句,宾语从句应用陈述语te1序,排除选项B和D;根据答语“1六about tenminutes,walk.”可知I应提问路程有多远,用“how引导故选far”C一
7.The Shenzhou-13manned spaceshiphas justcome backfrom space.Do you know9*一The journeylasted forsix months.It showsChina ismaking greatprogress in space exploration.A・where itlanded on the earthB.how longit travelledin spaceC.when scientistssent itto spaceD.how manyastronauts werein it【答案】B【详解】句意:——神舟十三号载人飞船刚从太空回来你知道它在太空航行了多久吗?——这次航行持续了六个月这表明中国在太空探索中正取得巨大的进步考查宾语从句根据答语.”可知此处应提问“多长时间”,用“The journeylasted forsix months引导宾语从句,且宾语从句应用陈述语序,因此用“how long”“how longit travelledinspace”故选B一
8.Linda,could you tell me一Sure,its easy.Just choosethe thingsyou wantand payfbr them by Wechat.A.when I will receivemy vegetablesB.how I can buyvegetables onthe appC.what vegetablesI canbuy onthe phoneD.how muchI should pay for the vegetables【答案】B【详解】句意你能告诉我如何在应用程序上购买蔬菜吗?——当然,这很容易——Linda,选择想要的东西,微信支付就可以了考查宾语从句根据答语“Just choosethe thingsyou wantand可知,问句应该是询问如何买东西,因此是引导的宾语从句故选pay for thembyWechat.”howB
9.一I wanttoknow more about Chinese astronauts,life in the the China Space Station CSS.一You canwatch thesevideos.They show.A.why the astronauts aremostly menB.how the astronauts live and work thereC.where theastronauts trainedfbr thetasks D.who theastronauts aregoing to the CSSwith【答案】B【详解】句意——我想更多地了解中国宇航员在中国空间站的生活——你可以看这CSS些视频他们展示了宇航员如何在那里生活和工作考查宾语从句why theastronauts aremostly为什么宇航员大多是男性;宇航员如何在那里生活和工men how theastronautsliveandworkthere作;宇航员在哪里接受任务训练;where theastronauts trainedfor thetasks who theastronautsare goingto the CSSwith宇航员将和谁一起去CSSo根据“…knowmore aboutChinese astronauts9life in the.”可知是了解中国宇航员在中国空间站的生活,是工作和生theChinaSpace StationCSS CSS活的方式故选B
10.—Could you tell me一He wantsto show the truefriendship toreaders bytelling stories.A.what thereaders thinkof the bookB.how thewriter methis friendin thebookC.what thewriter meansin thebookD.how thewriters friendlikes thisbook【答案】c【详解】句意——你能告诉我作者在书中的意思吗?——他想通过讲故事向读者展示真正的友谊考查宾语从句根据答语可“He wantsto show the truefriendship toreaders bytelling stories.”知,作者想通过讲故事向读者展示真正的友谊,所以问句应该是询问作者意图故选C一
11.Jane,do youknow一They areworking hardto solvethe mathproblem.A・who arebest atmath in your classB.why thereare so many studentshereC.when theydiscussed about the problemD.what theyplan to do for the competition【答案】B【详解】句意——简,你知道为什么这里有这么多学生吗?——他们正在努力解决这道数学题考查宾语从句根据可知此处回答他们正在“They areworking hardto solvethe mathproblem”努力解决这个数学题,结合选项可知,上文应询问为什么有那么多学生,选项符合语境故B选B
12.—Remember VivienShe isstill ingood shapeand lookseven younger.一Oh,really Ihavent seenher fornearly tenyears.Could you tell meA.when she would come back B.that she has got marriedC・how canshe managetodothat D.where shehas beenthese years【答案】D【详解】句意——记得薇薇安吗?她仍然保持良好的身材,看起来更年轻——哦,真的吗?我已经近十年没见到她了你能告诉我这些年她在哪里吗?考查宾语从句宾语从句三要素语序,时态,引导词,宾语从句要用陈述句语序,选项语序C不正确,排除Could在这表示委婉语气,不是过去式,排除A;选项B的引导词不用that,应该用引导,排除故选if/whether D
13.——The bookGulliver inLiliput isvery exciting.—Really Can youtell meA.where canI borrowit B.when did the authorwrite itC.how longIcankeep itD.that Ican borrowit【答案】c【详解】句意:——《格列佛在小人国》这本书是非常令人激动的——真的吗?你能告诉我我能借它多久吗?考查宾语从句及其语序根据可知此处应填宾语从句,其语序应为陈述句语序,Can youtell me”而由可知意义表达不完整,故选that Ican borrowit”Co一
14.Do youknow—Her motherhas finishedher medicalwork in Shanghai and will return home soon.A.what makesLily sohappy B.who Lilysmother workswithC.how oftenLily callsher motherD.why Lilysmother missesher somuch【答案】A【详解】句意——你知道什么事让这么开心吗?——她的妈妈已经完成了在上海的医Lily疗工作,马上就会回家了考查宾语从句的用法根据答语“Her motherhas finishedher medicalwork可知问句应提问的是“什么事”,因此用俨引导,在inShanghaiandwillreturnhomesoon.”“wha宾语从句中作主语,表示“什么事,故选A
1.(2022・四川四川・中考真题)一Can youtell methebooksale is一Sure.On Thursdaymorning.A.when B.where C.why D.what【答案】A【详解】句意——你能告诉我书展是什么时候吗?——当然周四早上考查宾语从句when何时;哪里;为什么;什么根据答语可知,where whywhat“On Thursdaymorning.”对时间进行提问,故选A(•内蒙古呼和浩特•中考真题)一
2.2022What elsedidthestudents askChineseastronautNieHaisheng about the spacestation-They askedhim.A.how longwould hestay thereB.when he will arriveC.how didhe communicatewith hisfamily D.how muchthe spacesuitcost【答案】D【详解】句意——关于空间站,学生们还问了中国航天员聂海胜什么?——他们问他航天服多少钱考查宾语从句分析句子可知,空格处是宾语从句,应为陈述语序,故排除、选A C项根据可知,主句是一般过去时,从句也应为过去的某种时态,选项是一般将来时,“asked”B故排除故选D(•江苏淮安•中考真题)一
3.2022Mum,I founda walletonthebus thismorning.一I thinkyou shouldgive itto thepolice andthey mayknow.A・how isthe ownerB.who isthe ownerC.howtheowner isD.whotheowner is【答案】D【详解】句意——妈妈今天早上我在公共汽车上发现了一个钱包——我想你应该把它交给警察,他们也许会知道主人是谁考查宾语从句此处是宾语从句,需用陈述语序,排除AB;结合可知,是可能知道主人是谁故I thinkyou shouldgive itto thepolice andthey mayknow...选D(•山东青岛•中考真题)一
4.2022I amnew here.Can youtell memy classmates一Try to be warm-hearted andready tohelp others.A・where Ican geton wellwith B.whetherIcan geton wellwithC.when Ican geton wellwith D.how Ican geton wellwith【答案】D【详解】句意——我是新来的你能告诉我怎样才能和同学相处好吗?——要热心并乐于助人考查宾语从句根据.”可知此处是问如“Try to be warm-hearted andready tohelp others何才能和同学相处好,应用引导宾语从句,故选how D
5.(2022・江苏盐城・中考真题)一Can youtell me一Never spend too much time on screen.A・how wecan havebright eyesB.why weshould protectour eyesC.where wecan seean eyedoctor D.when weshould doeye exercises【答案】A【详解】句意:——你能告诉我怎样才能拥有明亮的眼睛吗?——不要花太多时间在屏幕上考查宾语从句的引导词如何,怎样;为什么;哪里;什么时候根据how whywhere when“Never可推测出,在询问如何才能拥有明亮的眼镜,“如何,怎样”,此spendtoomuchtimeonscreen”时应用关系副词引导宾语从句故选how A(.四川.巴中市教育科学研究所中考真题)一
6.2022Zhu Hui,can youtell me—We make Zongzi and watch boat races.A.why do you likethe DragonBoat FestivalB・how you celebrate the Mid-Autumn FestivalC.when Chinesepeople celebrate the ChineseNew YearD.what Chinesepeople usuallydo onthe DragonBoat Festival【答案】D【详解】句意——朱慧,你能告诉我中国人通常在端午节做什么吗?——我们做粽子和看龙舟赛考查常识以及宾语从句此处是宾语从句,从句用陈述语序,排除选项根据答语A“We可知,做粽子和看龙舟赛是端午节的习俗,故选makeZongziandwatchboatraces”Do(.湖北襄阳.中考真题)一
7.2022Excuse me,I wonder.(分类)—It shouldbe classifiedfirst andthen throwninto differentbins.A.where canI throw the rubbishB.how Ideal with the rubbishC.if Ineeded tothrowtherubbish hereD.what should I do with therubbish宾语从句的语序;
2.宾语从句的时态
3.考向一宾语从句的种类宾语从句是一种名词性从句,在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语根据引导宾语从句的不同连词,宾语从句可分为三类由引导的宾语从句只有语法作用,没有实在的意义,在口语和非正式文体中可以省
1.that that略He said that hewanted tostay athome.She doesntknow that she isseriously ill.I amsure that he willsucceed.由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从
2.who,whom,whose,what,which when,where,why,how句这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分Do youknow whowhom theyare waitingforHe askedwhose handwritingwas thebest.Can youtell mewhere theNo.3bus stopisI dontknow why the trainis late.由或引导的宾语从句和在句中的意思是“是否
3.ifwhetherif whetherI wanttoknowifwhetherhelivesthere.He askedme whetherif Icould helphim.考向二宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序,即按照主语、谓语的顺序.陈述句变为宾语从句,语序不变,即仍用陈述语序1He is an honest boy.The teachersaid.The teachersaidthat he was anhonestboy.【答案】B【详解】句意——对不起,我想知道我该如何处理垃圾——它应该首先分类,然后扔进不同的垃圾箱考查宾语从句宾语从句用陈述语序,排除选项结合语境可知此处是一般AD现在时,再根据(分类)可知是问怎It shouldbe classifiedfirst andthen throwninto differentbins”么处理垃圾,故选B(.湖」匕黄石•中考真题)
8.2022Therea volleyballgame next Saturday.If itwellhave toput itoff.A.is goingtobe;rains B.is goingtobe;will rainC.is goingto have;will rainD.is goingto have;rains【答案】A【详解】句意下周六将有一场排球比赛如果下雨,我们将不得不推迟考查句型therebe和时态第一句为句型,根据可知,应用一般将来时,其谓语结构为there be“nextSaturday”willbe/is goingtobe;第二句含有if引导的条件状语从句,遵循主将从现原则,主语it为第三人称单数,所以谓语应填动词的第三人称单数形式另外句型不和连用,故选there behave A
9.(2022・湖1匕黄石♦中考真题)——Excuse me.Could youtell me——Certainly.Go alongCenter Streetand turnleft atthe secondcrossing.You willfind it.A.where isthe nearest shopping mallB.where wasthe nearest shopping mallC.where the nearestshoppingmall isD.where the nearestshoppingmall was【答案】c【详解】句意——打扰一下你能告诉我最近的购物中心在哪里吗?——当然可以沿着中央大街走,在第二个十字路口向左拐你会找到的考查宾语从句tell后缺少直接宾语,用宾语从句,宾语从句用陈述语序,排除AB;问路用一般现在时,结合主句可知主现从不限,排除故选D C(•辽宁鞍山•中考真题)一
10.2022What didMary saytoyou——She askedme.A.when ourteacher willcomebackB・where MikegoesC.why Iliked thebeef noodlesD.if thereare new words inthe article【答案】C【详解】句意——玛丽对你说了什么?——她问我为什么喜欢牛肉面考查宾语从句根据可知,此处是宾语从句,主句是一般过去时,从句也要用相应过去的时态,可排“She askedme”除选项故选ABD C
11.(2022•江苏南通・中考真题)Sandy askedthe boy.A.why didhelikeEnglish filmsB.how he will improvehis EnglishC.why heread theEnglish magazineD.how manynewwordshehaslearned【答案】c【详解】句意桑迪问男孩为什么看英文杂志考查宾语从句分析句子可知,本句是宾语从句,需用陈述语序,可排除选项;再根据可知,主句是一般过去时,从A Sandyaskedtheboy”句也要用相应的过去时态,可排除选项故选BD C(•吉林长春•中考真题)一
12.2022Mr.Li,could youplease tell me一Sure.We usuallyeat mooncakesand get together.A.how you celebrate the Mid-Autumn FestivalB.how doyoucelebratetheMid-Autumn FestivalC.when youcelebratetheMid-Autumn FestivalD・when doyoucelebratetheMid-Autumn Festival【答案】A【详解】句意——李先生,你能告诉我你们是怎么庆祝中秋节的吗?——当然我们通常吃月饼和聚会考查宾语从句此处是宾语从句,从句用陈述语序,排除和选项根据答语B D可知,询问庆祝节日的方式,用引导宾语从句,“We usuallyeat mooncakesand get together”how故选A(•辽宁锦州•中考真题)一
13.2022Marys birthdayis coming.I dontknow.——Why notbuy ascarf forherA.what I should doB・when I should buyher agiftC・where I should havea partyfor herD.who I should invite【答案】A【详解】句意——玛丽的生日快到了我不知道该怎么办——为什么不给她买条围巾呢?考查宾语从句根据可知此处是建议去做的事情,说明上句是问应该“Why notbuyascarfforher”怎么做,应用引导宾语从句,故选what A
14.(2022・辽宁抚顺•中考真题)一Could youtell me一At theend ofMay.A・why youcalled meB・when you got theprizeC・howtheweather wasthereD.where youwent ona trip【答案】B【详解】句意——你能告诉我你是什么时候得奖的吗?——五月底考查宾语从句根据「可知是问时间,故选At theend ofMay B
15.(2022•辽宁丹东・中考真题)一Do youknow一They thinkit isvery successful.A.when the24th WinterOlympic Gamestook placeB・what theforeigners thinkof the24th WinterOlympic GamesC.whythe24th WinterOlympic Gamestook placein BeijingD.howtheChinese playersdid inthe24th WinterOlympic Games【答案】B【详解】句意——你知道外国人是怎么看待第届冬奥会的吗?——他们认为很成功24考查宾语从句根据可知问句询问看法,用句型“They thinkit isvery successful.”What..think ofo故选B(山东济南•中考真题)一
16.2022♦Excuse me.I amnew here.Can youtell me一Sure.Go straightand youwill seeit onyour left.A.where isthenearest cinema B.where wasthenearest cinemaC.where thenearestcinemaisD.where thenearestcinemawas【答案】c【详解】句意——打扰一下我是新来的你能告诉我最近的电影院在哪里吗?——当然直走,你就会看到它在你的左边考查宾语从句后缺少直接宾语,用宾语从句,宾语从句ten用陈述语序,排除AB;再由“Can youtellme…”可知主现从不限,此处问电影院的位置,用一般现在时,排除故选D C
17.(2022・贵州黔西,中考真题)一Hi,Jacky.Whats thatinyourhand一Its abook aboutvolleyball.It tellsus good volleyball players.A・what canwe beB.what wecan beC.how canwe beD.how wecan be【答案】D【详解】句意——嗨,杰基你手里拿的是什么?——这是一本关于排球的书它告诉我们如何才能成为优秀的排球运动员考查宾语从句宾语从句用陈述句语序,排除选项;结A/C合可知,这本书告诉我们如何成为Its abook aboutvolleyball.It tellsus...goodvolleyballplayers.”优秀的排球运动员,应用引导宾语从句,故选how D
18.(2022・湖南益阳・中考真题)一You looktired.I wonderlast night.—I didntgo to bed untileleven forpreparing areport.A.when you go tobed B.when youwent tobed C.when didyou go tobed【答案】B【详解】句意一一你看起来很疲惫我想知道你昨晚什么时候睡觉的——为了准备一份报告,我直到点才去睡觉考查宾语从句分析成分可知,空格处到句末为宾语从句,应用陈11述句语序,排除C;根据力astnight”可知,此宾语从句应用一般过去时故选B
19.(2022・湖南湘西•中考真题)一Excuse me,could youplease tell me一For dryingthe shoesand clothesquickly inwinter.A.what isthe machineused forB.what the machine isused forC.how doesthemachinework【答案】B【详解】句意——打扰一下,你能告诉我这台机器是干什么用的吗?——用于在冬天快速烘干鞋子和衣服考查宾语从句后缺少直接宾语,用宾语从句,宾语从句用陈述语序,排除tell故选AC B
20.(2022・辽宁大连•中考真题)一Do youknow.一At9:00a.m.A.where the Science Museum isB・when the Science Museum opensC.where istheScienceMuseumD.when doestheScienceMuseumopen【答案】B【详解】句意:——你知道科学博物馆什么时候开放吗?——上午点考查宾语从句后9know缺少宾语.,用宾语从句,宾语从句用陈述语序,据此排除选项根据可知是CD“At9:00a.m.”问时间,故选B
21.(2022・辽宁沈阳・中考真题)—Hi,Tom.Could youtell me一Fil gothere nextSunday.A.how youwill go to BeilingPark B.when youwill go to BeilingParkC.how willyou go to BeilingPark D.when willyou goto BeilingPark【答案】B【详解】句意——你好,汤姆你能告诉我你什么时候去北陵公园吗?——我下星期天要去那里考查宾语从句此处是宾语从句,需用陈述语序,排除CD;根据答语“门1gotherenext可知,对时间进行提问,故选Sunday.”B
22.(2022•山东滨州・中考真题)—Do youknow一Yes.We should try to waste less but recycle more.A・how canwe livea greenlife B.how wecan livea greenlifeC.why shouldwe livea greenlife D.when weshould livea greenlife【答案】B【详解】句意——你知道我们如何过绿色生活吗?——是的我们应该尽量少浪费,多回收利用考查宾语从句根据可知,此处是宾语从句,需用陈述语序,可排除“D youknow…”选项;再根据可知,这是过绿色生活的方式,用AC Weshouldtrytowastelessbutrecyclemore.”引导宾语从句故选how B(•湖南邵阳•中考真题)一
23.2022Could youtell methe Dragon-boat Festival,Jackson一I hada family get-together andate deliciouszongzi.A.how youspent B.how didyou spendC.when youspent【答案】A【详解】句意你可以告诉我你如何度过端午节吗?——我有一个家庭聚会,吃——Jackson,美味的粽子考查宾语从句此处是宾语从句,从句用陈述语序,排除选项根据答语B“I hadafamilyget-together andate deliciouszo〃gz广口1矢R,止匕处询问度过节日的方式,用how引导宾语从句,故选A
24.(2022•内蒙古包头•中考真题)1wasnt surewhat towrite formy schoolproject,so Iasked myDadIshould do.A.how B.where C.which D.what【答案】D【详解】句意我不确定我的学校项目写什么,因此我问我的爸爸我应该做什么考查宾语从句怎样;哪里;哪一个;什么后是宾语从句,how wherewhich whatasked myDad”根据可知,句子表达应该做什么,用引导从句故选“Ishoulddo”“what”D
25.(2022•黑龙江绥化•中考真题)—Ican9t imaginein
2050.—I thinkit willbe moreand morewonderful.A.how our life wasB・what willourlifebe likeC.what ourlife willbe like【答案】c【详解】句意——我无法想象年我们的生活会是什么样子——我想它会越来越精彩2050考查宾语从句宾语从句要用陈述句语序,排除选项;结合可知,从句表达将来的B“in2050”事情,应用一般将来时,故选C
26.(2022・广西贺见,|•中考真题)一Could youplease tell me一Next Sunday morning.A.when wewill goto Gupo Mountain B.when willwe goto GupoMountainC.why wewent to GupoMountainD.why didwe gotoGupoMountain【答案】A【详解】句意——你能告诉我什么时候去姑坡山吗?——下周日早上考查宾语从句根据可知,此处是宾语从句,需用陈述语序,排除选项;再根据“Could youplease tell me”BD“Next可知,此处是询问时间,用引导宾语从句故选Sundaymorning”when A(•四川广元•中考真题)一
27.2022The2022Winter Olympicswas held in China.Do youknow9一Yes.In Beijing and Zhangjiakou.A・when it was heldB.when was it heldC.which citieswasitheld inD.which citiesit washeldin【答案】D【详解】句意年冬奥会在中国举行你知道它在哪些城市举行吗?——是的在——2022北京和张家口考查宾语从句根据可知,本句是宾语从句,需用陈述语序,可“Do youknow”排除选项;再根据「可知,此处是询问的是地点,在哪些地方举BC InBeijingandZhangjiakou办故选D
28.(2022・江苏宿迁・中考真题)一Jenny,doyouknow一Er,next Tuesday.A.when the sports meetingwill takeplace B.when willthe sports meeting takeplaceC.where the sportsmeetingwill takeplace D.where willthesportsmeeting takeplace【答案】A【详解】句意——珍妮,你知道运动会什么时候举行吗?——额,下周二考查宾语从句句子是宾语从句,用陈述语序,排除BD;根据“nextTuesday”可知上文询问时间,用when引导宾语从句故选A在模拟检测(•江苏•无锡外国语学校二模)
1.2022Could youplease letme knowA.how youcall thefood B.whafs thematter withthe littleboyC.how long hehasgot marriedD.whats thepurpose tocarry outthis project【答案】B【详解】句意你能告诉我这个小男孩怎么了吗?考查宾语从句宾语从句三要素语序,时态,引导词,宾语从句要用陈述句语序选项为疑D问句语序,排除选项应改为因为是短暂性动词,不C how longhehas beenmairied,gotmarried能跟一段时间连用,排除选项A的引导词应改为what;此题考查特殊句型“What isthematterwith表示“某人怎么了?”,该问句在宾语从句中不用改变语序故选sb.^,B
2.(2022•江苏・扬州中学教育集团树人学校三模)一I amwondering.—Oh,it wasbuilt to transport foods and goods from south to north in past dynasties.A.why peoplebuilt theGrand CanalB.how peoplebuilt theGrand CanalC.what peoplebuilt theGrand Canalwith D.when peoplebuilt theGrand Canal【答案】A【详解】句意——我想知道人们为什么要修建大运河——哦,在过去的朝代,它是用来从南到北运输食物和货物的考查宾语从句根据可知,该句是含有宾语从句的复合句;再根据“I amwondering…”itwas built可推知,此处是问修建大运河的原totransportfoodsandgoodsfromsouthtonorthinpastdynasties”因,用引导宾语从句故选why A(•江苏•常州市武进区星辰实验学校二模)一
3.2022More andmore people are crazyaboutthegameTravel Frog.—I guessit hassomething todowith.A.how muchdo peoplelike travellingB.how lonelypeopleare in theirreal lifeC.where didpeople gointhegame D.how peoplewill dowiththefrogs problems【答案】B【详解】句意:——越来越多的人痴迷于“旅行青蛙”游戏——我想这与人们在现实生活中很孤独有关考查宾语从句宾语从句用陈述语序,排除A和C;根据“More andmore peopleare crazyaboutthe可知,痴迷于这个游戏是由于人们很孤独故选game Travelog.”B
4.(2022•江苏・徐州市树人初级中学二模)一Iwantto take a coursein summercamp.Could youtellme——Youll staywith afamily ina villageand experience their daily life.A.when Ishouldpayforthecourse B.where Iwill takeitC.what thebest partof thecourse isD.how longwill Istay inthe village【答案】c【详解】句意——我想参加夏令营的课程你能告诉我这门课最好的部分是什么吗?——你将住在一个村庄的一户人家里,体验他们的日常生活考查宾语从句宾语从句使用陈述语序,排除D;根据“Youll staywith afamily ina villageand可知,此处询问具体的课程内容是什么,使用故选experiencetheirdailylife.”what C
5.(2022・河北•育华中学一模)一Jack,can youtell me一Certainly.Tm goingto thecountryside to visit my grandma.A.why youwill visityour grandmaB.when you are leavingforthecountrysideC・how you plan to spend your weekend D.who youwill goto thecountryside with【答案】C【详解】句意——杰克,你能告诉我你打算怎么过周末吗?——当然我要去乡下看望我奶奶考查宾语从句你为什么要去看望你奶奶;why youwill visityour grandmawhen youare leaving你什么口寸候去乡下;你打算如何度过周forthecountryside how youplantospendyourweekend末;你将和谁一起去乡下根据who youwill goto thecountryside withIm goingto thecountryside.”可知是问怎么过周末,故选to visitmygrandmaC(•江苏•开明中学一模)一
6.2022Excuse me,could youtell me——Well,it isa littlefar.You can takea bus there.A.why shouldI takea busB.where isthenearestcinemaC.which busIshouldtake D.how Ican get tothecinema【答案】D【详解】句意——对不起,你能告诉我怎么去电影院吗?——嗯,有点远你坐公共汽车去那儿考查宾语从句宾语从句用陈述句语序,排除选项;结合回答A/B“Well,it isa littlefar.You可知,此处问的是“怎么到电影院“,故选cantakeabusthere.”D(•江苏•开明中学——模)—
7.2022I amhaving someproblems withmy son.He seemsto sayno toI say.一Its necessaryfor youtwo tohave morecommunication.A.whenever B.however C.whatever D.wherever【答案】c【详解】句意——我和我儿子之间出了点问题他似乎对我说的任何话都说不——你们两个有必要多交流考查连词无论何时;无论怎样;无论什么;whenever howeverwhatever wherever无论哪里;根据可知,儿子对我说的任何事情都说不,此处应用He seemsto sayno to...Isay.”作的宾语,故选whatever sayCo(•广西贵港•二模)一
8.2022Judy,you lookbeautiful inthe dress.Could youtell me一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句,语序变为陈述语序
2.Does hework hardI wonder.f I wonderif/whetherheworks hard.◎您典丽▲一-4—-▲_一I alwaysfeel nervouswhen Italk tostrangers.Iwonder.一There areso manyclubs inour schooland youcan join them.A.which doctorshouldIgo forhelpB・where canI makemore friendsC・how Ican becomemore confidentD.whether listeningto tapesis useful【答案】C【详解】句意——我与陌生人讲话的时候总是感到很紧张我想知道我怎样能变得更自信——我们学校有很多俱乐部,你可以参加考查宾语从句后接的是宾语从句,宾语“wonder”从句应用陈述语序,排除选项A和B;根据答语“There aresomanyclubs inour schooland youcan可知宾语从句应是特殊疑问句,询问方法故选jointhem.”B考向三宾语从句主句与从句时态一致的问题如果主句是现在的某种时态(包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时),那么宾语从句
1.的时态可根据实际情况而定I rememberhe gaveme abook yesterday.He hastold me that hellleave forNew Yorktomorrow.I dontthink thatyouareright.Pleasetellus whereheis.OK.I bought it ina storeonline.A・where youbought itB.where didyou buyitC.when youboughtitD.when didyou buyit【答案】A【详解】句意——朱迪,你穿这条裙子很漂亮你能告诉我你在哪里买的吗?——好的我在网上商店买的考查宾语从句根据可知,句子为宾语从句,因此从句“Could youtellme…”要用陈述句语序,排除B、D;又根据答语“I boughtit ina storeonline.”可知,此处是询问地点,故选A
9.(2022•江苏・射阳县第三中学一模)Parents cangettoknow their children reallywantby communicatingwith thempatiently.A.whether B.what C.how D.why【答案】B【详解】句意父母可以通过耐心地与孩子沟通来了解他们真正想要的是什么考查宾语从句连接词是否;什么;怎样;为什么根据whether whathow whyParents cangetto可知,后面的句子为宾语从句;再根据可知,从句缺少宾know”“know”theirchildrenreally want”语;结合选项,应用连接词故选what B(•江苏宿迁•三模)
10.2022We neverdoubtthe PalaceMuseumisworth.A.whether;visiting B.whether;to visitC.that;visiting D.that;to visit【答案】c【详解】句意我们从不怀疑故宫博物院值得参观考查宾语从句和非谓语动词表示“怀doubt疑”,在肯定句中后接从句,否定句和疑问句中接从句,从不”表否定概if/whether thatnever“念,因此用.值得做某事”故选that beworth doingsth C
二、完成句子
11.(2022・江苏,无锡市华庄中学二模)根据他多变的性格,你觉得他多久会改变主意?Can youguessbased onhis changeablepersonality【答案】how soonhewill change his mind【详解】改变某人的主意,由可知,用根据及change onesmind his”ones his“Canyouguess”汉语提示可知,本句为宾语从句,用特殊疑问词“多久之后”引导,从句用陈述句语how soon序,从句中主语是时态是一般将来时,谓语用故填he,willchangehismindhow soonhewillchangehis mindo
12.(2022・广东・广州实验中学二模)很多青年都认识“太空教师”翟志刚、王亚平、叶光富并听了他们在中国空间站传授了什么Many teenagersknew“Space teachers^^Zhai Zhigang,Wang Yaping,and YeGuangfii andheard atChinasSpaceStation.【答案】what theytaught【详解】什么引导宾语从句,传授是动词根据中文提示可知,从句的主语用what,teach,they代替,结合主句中的heard可知,宾语从句要用一般过去时,宾语从句用陈述语序,故填what;they;taughto
13.(2022・广东・广州市增城区第二中学二模)我告诉我的外国朋友他可以如何了解更多的中国文化I toldmy foreignfriend___________________________________moreaboutChinese culture.【答案】how hecan learn【详解】如何,他,可以,学习此处用引导宾语从句,用陈述语序故how hecan learnhow填how;he;can;learno(.广东广雅中学二模)他们是否已经去了北京,你可以告诉我吗?
14.2022Could youtellme___________________________________to Beijing【答案】whether##if theyhave gone【详解】根据Could youtellme…”可知,该句是含有宾语从句的复合句;whether/if,是否”,宾语从句连接词;他们,从句主语;去了某地(还未回来)”,从句谓语故they“have goneto“填whether/if;they;have;gone(.广东.广州市越秀区育才实验学校二模)没有人知道他最后是怎么减肥的
15.2022Nobody knewfinally.【答案】how helost weight【详解】此句是宾语从句,应用陈述语序,怎么;他;俨减肥”,主句是一how he“lose weigh般过去时,动词用过去式,故填how;he;lost;weight□(.辽宁鞍山.模拟预测)你能告诉我来中国多久了吗?
60.2022Could youtellme howlongChina【答案】you havebeen in【详解】由题干和英语翻译可知,“来某地(多长时间)”译成是固定短语;结合语境be in,分析,此处需用现在完成时,其构成为主语是因此助动词用句子是宾have/has done,you,have,语从句,用陈述语序故填you havebeen inCanyoutellmehowIcangettothe railwaystation如果主句是过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时),那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某
2.种时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)He toldme that hewouldtake partinthehigh jump.He askedwhat timeitwas.He toldme that hewaspreparing forthesportsmeet.Heaskedif youhad writtento Peter.He said that hewould goback tothe USsoon.如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理,即使主句是过去时,从句也用一般现在时态
3.Our teachersaidthatJanuary isthe firstmonth ofthe year.Scientists haveproved that the earthturns around the sun.He toldme that the earthis round.▲44——(•山东济南•一模)一2022Hi,Shirley!Could youtellme一Sure.I usuallygoto work at7:00a.m.A・why doyougoto workB.howyougotoworkC・when yougotowork D.where doyougotowork【答案】C【详解】句意——嗨,雪莉!你能告诉我你什么时候去上班吗?——当然我通常早上点去上7班考查宾语从句根据可知,此处是含有宾语从句的复合句,宾语从句要用陈“Could youtellme…”述句语序,排除AD;再根据I usuallygotowork at7:00a.m;可知,此处是问时间故选C方德技巧▲―▲宾语从句须注意,几点事项应牢记一是关键引导词,不同句子词相异陈述句子用that;一般疑问是否if,whether替;引导还用疑问词特殊问句更好办,主句不同从句异二是时态常变化,从句时态应看意;主句若为现在时,从句时态向前移主句若为过去时,三是语序要记清,从句永保陈述序引导的宾语从句that是宾语从句的一个引导词,放在主句和从句之间它引导的宾语从句由陈述句转化而来,故that从句的语序不变在引导的宾语从句中,作连接代词,无意义,在句中不作任何成分,在口that that语或非正式的文体中通常可以省略
一、引导的宾语从句的用法that位置引导的宾语从句通常放在主句谓语动词及物动词、介词或形容词之后
1.that
①作及物动词,如等的宾语如say,think,tell,know,hear,see,hope,wish,remember,forgetShe saysthat shewill helpme learnEnglish this evening.她说今天晚上她会帮我学英语
②作介词的宾语连词引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语,只用在之后如:that except,but,inHe isa goodboy exceptthat heis careless.他是一个好男孩,只是有点儿粗心
③作”形容词”结构的宾语某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句,如be+sure,glad,certain,等,连词可省略如pleased,sorry,happy,afraid that我很高兴我通过了考试Fm happythat Ipassedtheexam..时态主句的谓语动词是一般现在时,从句的谓语动词可根据具体情况选用适当的时态;主2句的谓语动词是一般过去时,从句中也必须用过去的某种时态试比较.他说他想尽快见至他He saysthat hewantstosee him as soonas possiblelj.他说他想尽快见至他He saidthathewanted tosee him as soonas possibleU【特别提醒】当主句是一般过去时,而宾语从句的内容表示的是客观真理、事实、科学原理、自然现象、名言警句、格言、谚语等时,此时宾语从句用一般现在时,这些情况下不受主句时态的限制如老师告诉我们地球围绕着太阳转The teachertoldusthat theearth goesroundthesun.引导词可以省略的几种情况
3.that引导宾语从句的连词通常可以省略that她说过要来开会的She saidthatshewould cometothemeeting.我答应你我会去的I promiseyou that Iwillbe there.我曾希望我会成功I hopedthatIwould/should succeed..他想他们会给他签证He thinksthat theywill givehimavisa他本想他们会给他签证He thoughtthat theywould givehimavisa.我料想飞机会改变航线I expectthattheplane willbe diverted.我本料想飞机会改变航线I expectedthattheplane wouldbe diverted.众所周知,金钱是不会从树上长出来的Everybody knowsthat moneydoesnt growon trees.我建议他们沿着/不要沿着海岸开车I suggestedthat theyshould/shouldnt drivealong thecoast.【注意】有时为了强调,引导的宾语从句可位于句首,止匕时不可省略that that她是一个好姑娘,我是知道的That sheisagood girlI know.引导词不能省略的几种情况
4.that在引导宾语从句时、并不是在任何情况下都可以省略,在以下几种情况下,不能省略that that
①从句的主语是时,不能省略;that that我们知道那是一部有趣的电影We knowthat isan interestingfilm.
②and连接的两个表示陈述意义的宾语从句并列时、有时省去第一个从句的连词that,但第二个从句的连词一般不可以省略如thatHe toldmethat they couldnot decidewhat todo andthattheyasked myadvice.他告诉我他们决定不了去做什么并且问了我的意见
③that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时,that不能省略如I knownothing abouthim exceptthatheis fromthe south.对他我一无所知,只知道他是南方人如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语,则用作形式宾语,而将宾语从句后置如
5.itWe thoughtit strangethat XiaoZhang didnot comeyesterday.小张昨天没来,我们觉得很奇怪宾语从句的否定转移
6.在等动词后的宾语从句,当主句的主语是第一人称时,谓语尽管是think,believe,suppose,expect否定的意思,却不用否定形式,而将等动词变为否定形式,英语称这种现象为否定转移如think
①我认为今晚他不能来【误】I think he cantcome thisevening.【正】I dontthink hecancomethisevening.
②他认为我们现在不在教室里【误】He doesntthink we areinthe classroomnow.【正】He thinkswearenot inthe classroomnow.【特别警示】含有“否定转移”现象的句子,主句的主语必须是第一人称,此时,变成反意疑问句,附加问句要由从句来决定;如果主句的主语是其他人称,附加问句要由主句来决定如我认为他不对,是吗I dontthinkheis right,is heHethinks Icancome,doesn9the他认为我能来,是不是?如果宾语从句中含有否定意义的副词或形容词如等,其
7.hardly,never,seldom,no,few,little反意疑问句要用肯定形式如We findthatheseldom goestovisithis mother,does he我们发现他不常看望他的妈妈,是吗?引导的宾语从句变成被动语态时,只变主句,不变从句实际上,我们经常把
8.that It is saidthat...(据说);(众所周知);(据报告)等当作固定句式来运用It isknown that...It isreported that...如据说他来自加拿大Itissaidthatheisfrom Canada.疑问词引导的宾语从句特殊疑问句作宾语从句时,由疑问词等引导when,who,what,where,whatever,how,which,why宾语从句的词序一律用陈述句的词序,即”主语+谓语”词序
①带有系动词()的特殊疑问句be is,am,are,was,were主句宾语从句你知道兹几岁吗?Do youknow how old Liz is我知道莉兹几岁I know how old Liz is.我不知道莉兹几岁I dontknowhowoldLiz is.宾语从句是主句动词的宾语在从句中作副词注意从句的顺序,howoldLizisknowhow主语在动词前(Lizis)
②带有(情态)助动词等的特殊疑问句is/am/are/have/has/can/should安什,么时候去伊朗?When isAnn goingto Iran你知道安什么时候去伊朗吗?f Doyouknowwhen Armis goingto Iran我不知道安什么时候去伊朗f I dontknowwhen Annis goingto Iran.我该怎么办?What shouldIdo你能告诉我,我该怎么办吗?f Canyoutellme what Ishoulddo请告诉我,我该怎么办f PleasetellmewhatIshoulddo.朗去了哪里?Where hasRon gone你知道朗去了哪里吗?f Doyouknowwhere Ronhas gone我不知道朗去了哪里f Idontknowwhere Ronhas gone.
③带有助动词的特殊疑问句do/does/did我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了?Where didI put my wedding ring你知道我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了吗?f Doyouknowwhere Iput mywedding ring我不记得我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了fIdont rememberwhere Iputmyweddingring.苏对露露的看法是什么?What doesSue thinkabout Lulu你知道苏对露露的看法是什么吗?f Doyouknow what Sue thinks about Lulu我知道苏对露露的看法是什么fIknowwhatSuethinksaboutLulu.。