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考点现在完成时16在知识导图谓语形式havc/ha$+动词的过去分词用法
1.表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果
2.表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，并有可能继续下去，常与jfor+时间段或“since+表示过去的时间点或时间段”连用•retention!现在完成时和一般过去时都可表示过去发生的动作,但现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果或表示动作从过去开始一汽持续到现在，强调的是现在的情况而一般过去时只表示动作发生在过去，不和现在发生关系.0现在attention!终止性动词在现在完成时中不能和我示•段时间的时间状语连用，但在否烈完成时定句中可以和一段时间连用现在完成时中表豕短暂动作的动词不能与for.sine等引导的时间状语连用.如与一段时间连用，要把瞬间动词转化为意思相近的延续性动词.如buy-haw twrrow-k ecpopcn-be openclose-he closedhrgin/start-be oncome-be here具体的语境中运用时态的能力1）时态的结构和时间状语2）根据规律判断时态运用考点方向
1.考查重点根据语境;标志词及固定句型等，判断时态一般现在时，一般过去时，过去进行时，现在进行时
2.常考即型选择题、完型填空、词汇运用、短文填空等
1、一般现在时，注意用在当表频率的时间状语（频度副词或介词短语）时，表示客观事实时即使在宾语从句中时.也要坚持这一原则
2、当句子中有连词when和whc时的时态用法辨析注意区分have/has been,have/has gone to用法辨析
3、句子中没有具体的时间状语的情况下,根据具体的语境使用时态易借点A.is setB,has setC.had set出重点考向常见考法对于现在完成时的考查，多以单选、句型转换或词语运用的形式考查学生在具体语境中灵活运用时态的能力在考试中，会让大家判断是否该用现在完成时，或者是考查”瞬间动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用”这一知识点现在完成时基本结构主语动词的过去分词+ha ve/has+
①肯定句主语动词的过去分词+宾语.+have/has+
②否定句主语动词的过去分词）+宾语.+have/has+not+
③一般疑问句主语+动词的过去分词+宾语.Have/Has+
④特殊疑问句特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词（V-ed）+其他）过去分词变化规则如下规则动词规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同变化
1.规则有四点（）一般动词，在词尾直接加“1-ed”work workedworked visit-*visited—visited
（2）以“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加”-d Holive-*^livedlived（）以”辅音字母”结尾的动词，将变为，再加“3+y-edstudy fstudied-*^studied cry^cried cried
（4）重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加”-edstop fstopped fstopped dropf droppedf dropped不规则动词变化需参看不规则动词表逐一熟记
2.cuff cuffcut iffhitf hit现在完成时用法现在完成时用来表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果也就是说,动
1.作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在，强调的是现在I havealready postedthe photo.我已经把照片寄走了强调对现在的影响”照片不在这里post现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的、持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）
2.或状态（动词表示），常与（时间段），（时间点或过去时的句子）连用，谓语动be for+since+词必须是延续性动词如He has lived heresince
1978.自从年以来，他一直住在这儿（动作起始于年，一直住到现在，可能还要继19781978续住下去）注意:和的用法for since
①for+时间段译为……时间
②since+过去一个时间点（译为自从以来）
③since+时间段+ago从句（过去时）©since+
⑤It is+时间段+since+从句（过去时）注意瞬间动词（）与或引导的时间段连用时，要改变成延buy,die,join,lose…for sincecome/arrive/reach/get to-be ingo outfbe out finishf beoveropenf beopen diefbe deadbuyf haveFallill-be illCome backfbe backPut on—be on/wearWorryf beworried Catcha coldf havea cold现在完成时连用的时间状语续性动词变化如下现在完成时是一个与过去和现在都有关系的时态，因此，具有这样时间特点的状语都可以与现在完成时连用与表示一段时间的状语连用，如”时间段;时间点”如
1.for+since+我们在这个城市已生活了多年We have lived inthis cityfor morethan40years.40我们从年起就住在这个城市里We have lived inthis citysince
1958.1958从以上两个例句我们可以看出，与表示一段时间的状语连用时，谓语动词常为stay,live,teach,叩等具有延续意义的动词learn,work,sleep,read,wait,ke与笼统地表示过去的时间状语连用，如等如
2.already,never,ever,just我刚刚找到这本图书馆的书Fve justfound thislibrary book.How beautifullyshe sings!I havenever hearda bettervoice.她唱得多美啊！我还从来没听到过比这更优美的嗓音与表示包含过去和现在的一整段口寸间的状语连用，如
3.lately,recently,in the past few years,等如these fewyears,these days,up tonow,so far你近来状况如何？How haveyou beenrecentlyThe famouswriter has written a new bookin the past two years.那位著名的作家在过去两年的时间里写了一本新书这些天你看见她的父母了吗？Have youseen herparents thesedaysThe Brownshave visiteda lotof placesin Chinaso far.迄今为止，布朗一家已经参观了中国的许多地方注意现在完成时不能与单纯表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday,last week,in2002,three等days ago现在完成时与一般过去时区别.侧重点不同1现在完成时和一般过去时所表示的动作都发生在过去，但它们所强调的重点不同现在完成时侧重于对现在的影响；而一般过去时侧重于某一动作发生在过去某个时间或某段时间，即现在完成时侧重于现在的结果，而一般过去时侧重于动作发生的时间如I haveseen the film.我看过这部电影现在我仍记得电影的内容I sawthefilmthree daysago.三天前我看了这部电影强调是三天前，而不是别的什么时候看的电影Mr Greenhas bought anew computer.格林先生买了一台新电脑着重点是格林先生现在有了一台新电脑Mr Greenboughtanewcomputeryesterday.格林先生昨天买了一台新电脑强调的是格林先生买新电脑的时间是昨天.时间状语不同2现在完成时常与等副词以及段时间，过去already,yet,just,ever,never,before for+since+时间/从句”等时间状语连用；而一般过去时则常与时间段+ago n,just now,yesterday,last week等表示过去的口寸间状语连用如她两年前就住在这里了She haslived heresince twoyears ago.两年前她住在这里She livedhere twoyears ago.他入团已经三年了He has been in the Leaguefor threeyears.昨晚汤姆给他的父母写了封信Tom wrotea letterto hisparents lastnight.也跟踪训歪
一、用所给单词的正确形式填空
1.Westudy inthis schoolfor overtwoyears.
2.Dont you think youlieto meenough Dontdo that again andbe agood boy.
3.So far,Chinawin muchhigh praisefrom manyother countriesaround theworld.
4.The diseasespreadatasurprising highspeed in the pastfive years.
5.Chinasend the54th Beidounavigation satelliteinto space.It showsour advancedtechnology inexploringouter space.双减政策
6.Recently,the doublereduction policyattract thepublic.It leavesmore freetime forthestudents toimprove theirabilities.
7.—How wonderfullyLanglang isplaying thepiano!一Exactly!Hepractise thousandsof times.
8.1read thestorybook twice.Ifs reallyinteresting.
9.Some primaryand middleschools haveaddwinter sportsto theircourses.
10.What peoplewant cannotalways beexpressin money.
11.——Did youwatch themovie OliverTwist lastweekend一No,but I the novel.A・read B.have readC.had readA.is makingB・has madeC.made
12.Thanks tohis Englishteacher,Jim greatprogress since he came to thisschool.
13.—Look!How tidyour schoolhall is!——Yeah.The volunteersit carefullyto welcomethe newpupils.A.will cleanB.have cleanedC.clean D.were cleaning
14.—Excuse me,sir.Can Iget myphone back一Sure,I it.A.have repairedB.will repairC.am repairingD・repaired
15.With thehelp ofWenzhou Government,we thenew liftto ourbuilding.Mygrandparents dontneed toclimb thestairs anymore.A.add B.will addC.have addedD.are adding一
16.Ms.Miller ourpapers.Look!I gotan“A”.一Good job!A.checks B.is checkingC.will checkD.has checked
17.His grandfatherfor twentyyears.A.died B-has diedC・has deadD.has beendead一
18.It takesages tofind you.Where areyou一What ashame!I athome becauseof beingclosely connectedwith theCovid-19carrier.A.will beB.have beenC.stayed D.will stay
19.—Excuse me.What isthe TripCode used for一Its usedto showwhere weover thelast14days.A.are B.were C.have beenD.will be一
20.Youre late.The filmThe Battleat LakeChangjin fortwenty minutes.一Sorry,I justanswered acall frommum.A.began B.was on C.has begunD.has beenon过关
21.（2022・西藏・中考真题）So far,they（work）here for10years.（•贵州安顺•中考真题）（）
22.2022As PresidentXi Jinpinghas eversay,“Clear waterand greenmountainsare asvaluable asgold.”
23.（2022・湖南常德•中考真题）We alsolook forways toreview whatwe（learn）since threeyearsago.24,（2022•广西•中考真题）Roberthas（spend）three dayspreparing forhis match.（•内蒙古包头•中考真题）
25.2022My teacherhas meto treatolder peoplewith（）respect in thepastfewyears.teach（•黑龙江•中考真题）（）
26.2022Zhai Zhigang,together withWang Yapingand YeGuangfu havereturnedfrom thespace stationsafely.（•江苏无锡•中考真题）（）
27.2022Fan Jinshido a lot toprotect Dunhuangculture formany years.
28.（2021・西藏•中考真题）Ourcountry（change）alot since theCPC wasfounded100years ago.（,西藏•中考真题）（）
29.2019We alreadyclean theroom.（.江苏无锡.中考真题）（）
30.2017How aboutgoing tothe cinematomorrow Wenot bethere forawhile.
二、单项选择
31.（2022•广西桂林・中考真题）The GreensinGuilin forsix years.A.have lived B.lived C.live（•四〃四〃•中考真题）
32.2022I ITom,you inthis citysince
2019.What doyouthinkofitA.havelivedB.live C.lived D.will live（•上海•中考真题）
33.2022The newrestaurant twosurveys onits foodand servicesinceJune.A.is doingB.will doC.did D.has done（•江苏盐城•中考真题）
34.2022Milliea lot about sea-salt culturesince shecame toYancheng.A.learns B.learned C.will learnD.has learned
35.（2022•四川・巴中市教育科学研究所中考真题）一Ws reportedthat anew high-speed railwaywill be finishedin recentyears inour hometown,Bazhong.一Yes.Great changessince Iworked here.A.will takeplace B.were takenplace C.have takenplace D.took place（•湖北黄石•中考真题）
36.2022David hasworked herefor10years since he fromuniversity.A.graduates B.graduated C.has graduatedD.will graduate（•江苏南通•中考真题）一
37.2022Mike,why doyou comehere solate Theconcert sincehalf anhourago.—What apity!No wonderall thesingers haveleft.A.has endedB.has beenonC.has startedD.has beenover（•辽宁丹东•中考真题）一
38.2022Its apity thatthere isno ticketfor sale.—Dont worry.Ithetickets.A・am buyingB.buy C.was buyingD.have bought
39.（2022•山东滨州・中考真题）一What isthe TripCode（行程码）usedfor一Its usedto showwhere you inthelast14days.A.were B.willbeC.have beenD.had been
40.（2022・贵州黔西・中考真题）Our schoollife alotsince
2021.We havemoreactivities now.A.change B.is changingC.has changedD.will change
41.（2022・辽宁大连•中考真题）Sallywith aChinese familysince shecametoDalian.A.stays B.will stayC.has stayedD.was staying（•辽宁沈阳•中考真题）
42.2022The Artof Waris greatand I it manytimes sofar.A.read B.have readC.am readingD.will read（•黑龙江牡丹江•中考真题）一
43.2022Your watchis socool!When did you getit一On my12th birthday.I itfor3years.A.bought B.have hadC.have bought（•辽宁营口•中考真题）
44.2022David isvery productiveand fivebooks inthepasttenyears.A.writes B.wroteC・haswrittenD.is writing（,广西柳州•中考真题）一
45.2022I inLondon formany years.一You havenever regrettedmoving back to China,have youA.livedB.was livingC.havelived（•北京•中考真题）
46.2022Jim alotaboutChinese culturesincehebegan tostudy inourschool.A.learns B.learned C-will learnD.has learned（•内蒙古包头•中考真题）
47.2022Christinethe familysSunday lunchsince shewas12years old.A.cooks B.cooked C.will cookD.has cooked
48.（2022・贵州铜仁•中考真题）一Mike,why areyou standingoutdoors—Imy keys.I haveto waithere untilmy mothercomes back.A.have lostB.will loseC.had lostD.lose
49.（2022•河北・中考真题）Sorry,I amistake.Let mecorrect it.A.will makeB.am makingC.was makingD.have made（•黑龙江黑龙江•中考真题）一
50.2022Mike isfrom Americabut speaksperfect Chinese.一So hedoes.He haslearned Chineseby himselfsincehecollege.A.is attendingB.has attendedC.attended在模拟检测一.
51.（2022•黑龙江牡丹江・一模）—Helen,why areyou stillintheclassroom—I mynote,Mr.Lee.A.didn9tfinishB.haven9t finishedC.wont finish（•海南•二模）（宇航员）
52.2022The threeastronauts ofShenzhou XIIIbacktoEarthsuccessfully.A.will returnB.is returningC.have returned（•黑龙江大庆•模拟预测）（残
53.2022Since theBeijing2022Winter Olympicsand Paralympics奥会）started,Bing DwenDwen andShuey RhonRhon popular.A.became B.has beenC.have been（•四川省成都市七中育才学校三模）
54.2022The COVID-19has lasteda longtime andwe alot ofthingssince thebeginning of
2020.A・have experiencedB.experienced C.had experienced（•四川乐山•一模）一
55..2022Why areyouinsuch ahurry一Because theclass for10minutes.A.has begunB.begins C.has beenon（•西藏拉萨•二模）
56.2022He hastwice.A.gone abroadB.to abroadC.been abroadD.been toabroad
57.（2022・福建•莆田砺青中学一模）Recently,Liu Genghongpopularfrom thefitnesswave on Douyin.A.became B.has becomeC.is becoming（•福建•莆田砺青中学一模）一
58.2022Is thatyoung manin blackMichael一No,It behim.He has gonetoShanghai.A.cant B.may C.mustnt
（四）|成都•二模）一
59.2022-\What booksdidyouread lastyear—I TheOld Manand theSea sincelast term,and nowthe thirdtime.A.read B.am readingC.have read（•四川•泸州市江阳区枫叶佳德学校一模）一
60.2022rd likeyou totell mesomething aboutShenNongjia.一Im sorry,but neitherJack norI there.A.have beenB.has beenC.have goneD.has gone（•福建厦门•二模）
61.2022Liu Genghongsuddenly becamea hitand hissports videosover100million times.A.watched B.were watchedC.were watching
62.（2022・福建厦门•二模）一What didyou sellon theschool second-hand sale—The modelrocket.Iitfor twoyears.A.had B.have C.have had（•福建省福州屏东中学二模）一
63.2022Excuse me,can youlend yourbike tome一Sorry,its nothere.Jack itfbr aweek.A.has keptB.has borrowedC.has lent（•四川凉山•一模）一
64.2022You arelate,Jim.The movieDancing withLions forabouthalf anhour.—Im sorry,Lily.The trafficis heavy.A.has begunB.began C.has beenonD.was on（•四川•富顺第三中学校二模）一
65.2022I didntgo backto myhometown forSpring Festivalbecauseof COVID-
19._,This isthe mostspecial festivalthat I.A-So didI;spent B.Neither didI;have spentC.Neither didI;spent（•福建省福州屏东中学二模）一
66.2022It seemsyou arean oldteam member.But whendid youjointhe team一I forten years.A・joined the team B.have joinedtheteamC.have beenintheteam
67.（2022・四川,泸州市江阳区枫叶佳德学校三模）一Your motherisnt athome.Where isshe一She toLuzhou.A.hasgoneB.hasbeenC.have goneD.had been（•福建•福州三牧中学一模）一
68.2022Have youprepared forthe comingfashion show一Yes.We manyspecial clothesfor twoweeks.A.have hadB.have boughtC.have borrowed
69.（2022・福建•模拟预测）Mr.Smith canspeak Chineseso well.He inChina fortenyears.A.haslivedB.lives C.lived（,福建•厦门市莲花中学二模）
70.2022Chinathe goalof becominga museumpowerhouseby
2035.。
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