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考点定语从句13在知识导图1定语通常由形容词、名词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词和分词等表示,副词有时也可作定语;当用一个句子彳乍定语时,这个句子即为定语从句eg:lts arainy day.They watchedall thefour excitinggames.The manover thereis ournew Englishteacher.
1.定语I hopethere willbe aswimming pool=a poolfor swimmingin ourschool.A person who hasstolen somethingis guiltyof theft.2定语可放在它所修饰的名词或代词前,为前置定语,也可放在它所修饰的词汇后,为后置定语eg:There is nothing wrongwith themachine.Ill have an importantmeeting toattend.a.定语从句由关系代词和关系副词引导定语从句所修饰的名词或代词为先行词b.关系代词who和whom指代的先行词指人eg:A doctorexamined theastronauts whoreturn rdfrom spacetoday.=A doctorexamined theastronauts.They returnedfrom spacetoday.___________c.关系代词which指代的先行词指物eg:The tileswhich fell off the roof causeda lotof damage.=The tilesfellofftheroof.They causeda lotof damage.______________________d.关系代词that指代的先行词既可以指元金可以指物eg:He is the manthat who lives nextdoor.A monitoris amachine that which showsinformation orpictures ona screen.e.先行词附有最高级形容词或序数词修饰时,或附有the only,the same,the very,aII,every,any,no等修饰时,使用that但先行词为人时,通常使用wheg:This is the mostwonderful film that I have everseen.第十六章定语和定语从句1由This is the firstcomposition that he haswritten inEnglish.关系代Is thereanyone who knows Spanish词引导f.关系代词whose是属格,既可用于人的属格,也可用于物的属格的定语eg:He isthe manwhose carwas stolen.从句I saw some old buildings whosewindows were all broken.
2.定语从句=1sawsomeoldbuildings,the windowsof which wereallbroken.g.关系代词在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语和定语如果关系代词在定语从句中作宾语,此关系代词可省略eg:He isthe manwhom/that Imet yesterday.This isthe photowhich/that Itook.h.定语从句中,关系代词who,which,that作主语时,其谓语动词应与先行词的单复数保持一致eg Ajnanwho doesnttry tolearn fromothers canthope tomake progress.The studentswho areplaying footballare fromClass Three.i.在oneof+复数名词+定语从句”的结构中,定语从句中的谓语动词要用复数形式而在theonly oneof+复数名词+定语从句”的结构中,定语从句中的谓语动词要用单数形式eg:Tom is one of the studentswhoknow the facts.Tom isthe onlyone of the studentswho knowsthe facts.a.关系副词when前的先行词是表达时间的名词,when在定语从句中作时间状语2电eg:l stillremember the day whenon which I joinedthe YouthLeague.言疆b.关系副词where前的先行词是表示地点的名词,where在定语从句中作地点状语;
一、五eg:This isthe placewhere in which Igrew up.从句C.关系副词why前的先行词是表示原因的名词,why在定语从句中作原因状语eg:Thats thereason whyfor which he dislikesme.在重序考向考向一定语从句的基本概念及其功能意义我们先看以下几个句子:1This ishis book.2Please turnon thatgreen light.3Do youlike thebeautiful flowers一
22.Have youwatched theTV playLike aFlowing River一Yes.Its the most popularTV playmakes peopleknow aboutthe reformandopening-up policy.A.where B.that C.what D.whom一
23.What kindof jobdo youlike一Oh,I preferthe jobcan makeour citymore beautiful.A.what B.which C.whose D.who
24.—At presentyoung peopleprefer WeChatto keepin touchwith theirfriends.一Yes.It seemsto bethe bestway ofcommunication people like.A.which B.what C.who D.that
25.・一We areproud of the greatchanges ourcountry hashad theseyears.一Yes,so manyvillages have taken ona newlook.A.that B.what C.who D.where
26.The unforgettableexperience wehad in the summercamp makesus growup.A.who B.whose C.which D.whom
27.The CDmy unclebought forme asa birthday gift is my favorite.A.which B.who C.what D.whose
28.Many peoplehere likethis beautifulpark isfull ofcolorful flowers.A.who B.where C.which D.what
29.I likebooks areabout powerfuland successfulpeople.A.whose B.what C.who D.which
30.I reallyadmire those volunteers canoffer tohelp peoplein trouble.A.who B.which C.whom D.what
31.一I heardthat AECM(抗疫表彰会)washeld inLanzhou onApril26th.一(成就)Yes.I reallylook upto thoseheroes inGansu have made great achievementsA.who B.which C.where D.whose一
32.Susan stillmisses inWenzhou.—I know.Local snacksare herfavourite.A.the friendlypeople whoshe metB.the dayswhich shespent withusC.the famousplaces thatshe visitedD.the deliciousfood which she tried
33.A memorialmeeting washeld tohonor theheroes losttheir livesduring theoutbreakofCOVID-
19.A.who B.which C.what D.whose
34.Yuan Longpingisoneof the greatest scientistsI respecta lot.A.why B.which C.what D.that
35.・一Have youfound themobile phoneyou lostin thetaxi yesterday-Not yet.Til haveto buya newone.A.which B.what C.who D.where
36.This isthe firstbirthdaygiftI received.Tve keptit manyyears.A.that B.who C.what D.which一
37.Hey,Bob.What areyou doing一Im writinga thank-note to.A.the studentwho usuallyplays basketballwith usB・the neighbourwho oftenmakes noisein themidnightC.the passengerwho goton thewrong busthis morningD.the workerwho oftenpicks uprubbish in the localpark
38.According toa recentstudy,adults oftendo houseworkmight stayhealthy intooldage.A.when B.which C.who D.what一
39.Tom,what kindof storiesdo youprefer一The oneshave ahappy ending.A.that B.who C.those D.whom
40.—Volunteering is a meaningfulactivity.一I agree.We shouldexpress thanksto the people dovolunteer jobs.A.whom B.what C.who D.which在真题过关
41.—Mom iswaiting.Can weset offnow一Just aminute.I cantfind theshoes I bought lastweek.A.that B.who C.what D.who
42.He doesnot reachthe GreatWall isnot atrue man.A.whom B./C.which D.who一
43.What kindof moviesdo youlike一I prefermovies mesomething tothink about.A.whom giveB.who givesC.which giveD.that gives
44.Students lovethe teachersare outgoingand humorous.A.who B.whom C.which D.whose一
45..Do youlike themovie iscalled TheBattle atLake Changjin一Sure.I thinkno movieis thanit.A.that;more touchingB.what;less touchingC.that;more touchedD.which;less touched
46.——Do youknow the girl isstanding overthere一Yes.She is my sister.A.when B.where C.who D.which
47.Agatha Christiewas afemale writeris consideredthe queenof crimenovels.A.what B.whose C.who D.which
48.,—I haveread bookswere writtenby CharlesDickens.—So doI.David Copperfieldis myfavorite.A.how B.who C.what D.that
49.I willnever forget the peoplehelped mea lotduring myhard time.A.which B.who C.whose D.whom
50.Great changeshavetakenplace here.Everything comesinto myeyes isso newtome.A.that B.which C.who D.whom一
51.Have youheard of the storyof Mulan—Of course.Mulan isa bravegirl herfathers placeto fightin thearmy.A.whom takeB.that takeC.which takesD.who takes
52.Fil neverforget the place__we visitedtogether last year.A.which B.what C.who D.whom
53.In myopinion,of allthe books,this isthe onlyone iswell worthreading.A.who B.that C.whom D.what
54.—What canwe dofor theleft-home childrenin thevillage needhelp—We couldhelp themwith theirstudy onlineon weekends.A.which B.whom C.whose D.who
55..We followthat carhas leftin thegrass.A.mark B.marking C.the marksD.to mark
56.China isgetting betterat makingthe mostpopular high-tech productscan beboughtin allparts ofthe world.A.who B.which C.what D.that一
57.Is thewoman walkedpast justnow yourteacher一Yes,she teachesEnglish andwe alllove hervery much.A.which;our B.who;us C.which;us D.that;our
58.Well neverforgettheheroes bringpeople hopein difficulttimes.A.which B.whom C.whose D.who
59.rd liketo expressmy thanksto everyoneserved thecommunity.A.which B.who C.where D.when
60.The victimwanted toreport the crime his boss had committed to the police.A.which B.whom C.who D.what参考答案
1.B【详解】句意——珍妮,我昨晚跟我妈妈顶嘴了我该怎么办?——你应该说对不起父母是世界上最爱你的人考查定语从句和形容词最高级根据定语从句先行词为“people”,且从句缺主语可知,引导词用who;根据可知,从句表达最爱你的人,故用最高级故选“in theworld”best B
2.A【详解】句意机会属于不断尝试的人只要你继续努力,你迟早会获得巨大的成功考查定语从句根据可知,此处是定语从句,先行词指人,且在句中作“Chances belongto those”those”主语,用引导词故选who A
3.C【详解】句意——你佩服张文宏医生吗?——当然!他是一位专业而幽默的善良医生考查定语从句根据可知,此处是定语从句,先行词是人,在从句中作主语,用“He isa kind-hearted doctor”doctor”引导词故选who C
4.D【详解】句意冰壶是一项在中国越来越流行的冬季运动考查定语从句指物,在引导的定语从句中作主语或宾语;指人,在引导的定语从句中作主which who语或宾语;是地点,在引导的定语从句中作状语;不能引导定语从句本题中定语从句缺主where what语,先行词又是故用引导故选sport,which D
5.D【详解】句意是那个在事故中腿严重受伤的男孩John考查定语从句指代人,作主语或宾语;指代物,作主语或宾语;指代人,作宾语;who which whom whose作定语此处修饰名词“legs”,作定语,因此用“whose”,指“男孩的”故选Do
6.D【详解】句意这是我昨天买的短裙考查定语从句先行词指物,在从句中作宾语,用引导定语从句故选the skirt”that D
7.C【详解】句意退休后,我的老师戴先生搬到了他年前出生的那个村子60考查定语从句的关系词什么时候,何时;哪一个,哪一些;在哪里;when whichwhere什么根据句意可知,空前先行词在从句中作地点状语,要用关系副词故选what thevillage where,C
8.B【详解】句意这就是我们不久前住过的小村庄旅店考查定语从句,观察句子,先行词为乡村客栈”,所以关系词应该用关系副词所以后“village innwhere,面不应该再接介词,故选B
9.B【详解】句意这是一个可以帮助贫困儿童的组织考查关系词辨析谁;哪个;在哪里;什么时候先行词指物,关系who whichwhere whenorganization”词应用在从句中作主语故选which,B
10.A【详解】句意这就是你昨天遇到的那个女孩吗?考查定语从句指人,在从句中作宾语;谁的,在从句中作定语;指物,在从句中作whom whosewhich主语或宾语;不引导定语从句先行词指人,且在从句做的宾语,应用故选what girlmet whom,Ao
11.A【详解】句意:——现在,很多孩子对《孤勇者》这首歌很感兴趣为什么?——也许他们认为这是一首歌词和节奏都很棒的歌考查定语从句哪一个;谁;在哪里;什么此处是定语从句,先行词是指which whowhere whatsong物,在从句中作主语,用引导定语从句,故选which A
12.C【详解】句意:——你喜欢什么类型的电影?——我喜欢能让我笑的电影考查定语从句哪里,先行词指地点;什么,不引导定语从句;哪一个,先行词指人where what which或物;什么时候,先行词指时间指物,故用引导定语从句故选when the movies which C
13.D【详解】句意——你读过美国作家海明威写的《老人与海》吗?——当然,这是一个惊人的故事这是我读过的最好的书考查定语从句此处是定语从句,先行词有最高级修饰,关系词用故选the bestthat,D
14.B【详解】句意——你认识在树底下的那个男孩吗?——哦,他是我的表弟考查定语从句此处是定语从句,先行词是指人,在从句中作主语,用引导定语从句,故选boy who B
15.C【详解】句意迈克尔•杰克逊是一位歌手,被认为是流行音乐之王考查定语从句定语从句的先行词为为指人的名词,定语从句的关系词在从句中作主语,所以可singer,以用或引导定语从句故选that who C
16.C【详解】句意——你听说过他去年夏天去过的那个地方吗?——是的,这就是伟大作家鲁迅出生的地方考查定语从句首空代指是物作宾语,用关系代词也可省略;第二空充当状语,指the place,that/which,代地点,用关系副词故选where C
17.B【详解】句意在我生命中最重要的女人是我的母亲考查定语从句指物,作主语或宾语;不引导定语从句;指人,作宾语;指人,which whatwhom who作主语或宾语本句是定语从句,先行词是指人,关系词在从句中作主语,应用引导,The woman,who故选B
18.D【详解】句意在我生命中最重要的女人是我的母亲考查定语从句指物,作主语或宾语;不引导定语从句;指人,作宾语;指人,which whatwhom who作主语或宾语本句是定语从句,先行词是指人,关系词在从句中作主语,故选The woman,D
19.D【详解】句意你能告诉我你刚才在会上讨论的结果吗?考查定语从句关系词指代人;指代时间;如何;既可以指人又可以指物根据先行who whenhow that词是指物可知,应该使用故选“the resultofthediscussion”“that D
20.A【详解】句意我们都知道,医生是一个照顾人们的健康的人考查定语从句先行词是指人,在从句中作主语,用引导定语从句,故选personwho A
21.A【详解】句意——你知道苏炳添是谁吗?——知道,他是一位著名的赛跑运动员,在年东京奥2020运会男子米比赛中以秒的成绩创造了亚洲新纪录
1009.83考查定语从句引导限制性定语从句,先行词指人,在定语从句中充当主语和宾语;引导限who whom制性定语从句,先行词指人,在定语从句中充当宾语;引导限制性定语从句,先行词指人或指物,whose在定语从句中充当定语;既能引导限制性定语从句,也能引导非限制性定语从句,先行词指物,which在定语从句中充当主语和宾语,作宾语时可以省略本题先行词“是人,定语从句缺少a famousrunner”主语,因此填关系代词故选who A
22.B【详解】句意——你看过电视剧《大江大河》吗?——看过这是最受欢迎的电视剧,让人们了解改革开放政策考查定语从句句子是定语从句,先行词是物,且关系词在从句中作主语,用引导定语从TVplay”that句故选B
23.B【详解】句意——你喜欢什么样的工作?——哦,我更喜欢那种可以让我们的城市变得更加漂亮的工作考查定语从句什么,不可引导定语从句;指代物,关系代词;谁的,表示所属关系,whatwhichwhose关系代词;指代人,关系代词为名词,后接修饰它的定语从句,从句中缺少主语,说明引who thejob导词既指代物,又在从句中充当主语,因此应用来引导定语从句故选which B
24.D【详解】句意——目前,年轻人更喜欢微信与朋友保持联系——对这似乎是人们喜欢的最好的沟通方式考查定语从句指物,作主宾表;不能引导定语从句;指人,作主宾表;指人或物,which whatwho that作主宾表根据可知,先行词指物,在从句中作““the bestway ofcommunication...peoplelike”way”ike”的宾语,它被最高级俨修饰,此时只能用引导从句故选“bes that D
25.A【详解】句意——我们为我们国家这些年发生的巨大变化感到自豪——是的,许多村庄都呈现出新的面貌考查定语从句关系词先行词指物,在从句中作宾语,用引导定语从句故选thegreatchanges”that A
26.C【详解】句意我们在夏令营的难忘经历使我们成长考查定语从句关系代词,先行词指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;关系代词,先行词指人或who whose物,在从句中作定语;关系代词,先行词指人,在从句中作宾语;关系代词,先行词指物,whom which在从句中作主语或宾语;句子先行词是“experience,指物,在从句中作宾语,应用which/that引导,故选C
27.A【详解】句意我叔叔买给我作为生日礼物的是我最喜欢的CD考查定语从句此句为定语从句,先行词表示物,连接词在从句中作宾语,应用引导定The CD”which语从句,故选Ao
28.C【详解】句意这里的许多人都喜欢这个美丽的公园,那里满是五颜六色的花考查定语从句此处引导定语从句,先行词表示事物,分析句子结构,定语从句缺少主语,因此用park关系代词故选which,C
29.D【详解】句意我喜欢关于有权势和成功人士的书考查定语从句此处是定语从句,先行词指物,在从句中作主语,应用关系词来引导定语从books which句故选D
30.A【详解】句意我真的很佩服那些能帮助有困难的人的志愿者考查定语从句的关系代词关系词引导定语从句,先行词是人,在定语从句作主语,who/whom who whom在定语从句作宾语;引导定语从句,先行词是物;不可引导定语从句此句是定语从句,先which what行词是人,且关系词在定语从句中作主语,应用引导此定语从句故选thosevolunteers”whoA
31.A【详解】句意:——我听说抗疫表彰会月日在兰州召开——是的我真的很敬佩那些在甘肃取得426巨大成就的英雄考查定语从句指代人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;指代物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;who which关系副词,在定语从句中作地点状语;在定语从句中作定语先行词英雄”指的是where whose“heroes人,定语从句缺主语,关系代词用故选“havemadegreatachievements”who Ao
32.D【详解】句意——苏珊仍然想念她在温州吃过的美味食物——我知道当地小吃是她的最爱考查定语从句她遇到的友善的人;她和我the friendlypeople whoshe metthe dayswhich shespent withus们一起度过的日子;她参观过的著名景点;the famousplaces thatshe visitedthe deliciousfood whichshe tried她品尝的美味的食物根据可知想念的是美味的食物故选I know.Local snacksare herfavourite.”D
33.A【详解】句意一个纪念大会将被举行以纪念在抗击新冠中牺牲的英雄们考查定语从句分析句子可知,句子是定语从句,先行词是“heroes”,指人,在从句中作主语,因此用“who”来引导定语从句故选A
34.D【详解】句意袁隆平是我非常尊敬的最伟大的科学家之一考查定语从句分析句子可知,这是一个定语从句,先行词是指人,且被最高级修饰,关系代scientists,词只能用故选that D
35.A【详解】句意——你找到昨天在出租车上丢失的手机了吗?——还没有我将不得不买一部新的(手机)考查定语从句指代物,在从句中可以作主语,宾语,表语;不能引导定语从句;指代人,which whatwho在从句中可以作主语,宾语;where指地点,在从句中作状语本句中先行词为“phone”,物,从句缺宾语,故用来引导故选which A
36.A【详解】句意这是我收到的第一份生日礼物我已经保存了很多年了考查定语从句此处是定语从句,先行词是物,且先行词前有修饰,引导词在从句中作宾语,the first故选A
37.D【详解】句意——嘿,鲍勃你在做什么?——我正在给经常在当地公园捡垃圾的工人写一封感谢信考查定语从句根据可知,是感谢信,应该与助人为乐的事情相关,故选“athank-note”D
38.C【详解】句意根据最近的一项研究,经常做家务的成年人可能会健康到老年考查定语从句本句先行词为表示人,且关系词需要在从句中作主语,符合,故选adults,who C
39.A【详解】句意:——汤姆,你喜欢什么样的故事?——那些有着幸福结局的故事考查定语从句用于某些动词、形容词和名词后,引出从句;谁;那些;谁,宾格that whothose whom根据可知,此处空后为定语从句修饰指代“故事”,为The ones...haveahappy ending.”ones,ones stories物,使用关系代词引导定语从句故选that A
40.C【详解】句意——做志愿者是一个有意义的活动——我同意我们应该感谢那些做志愿者工作的人考查定语从句此句是定语从句,先行词是指人,在从句中作主语,用引导定语从句,故选people whoC
41.A【详解】句意——妈妈在等待我们现在可以出发了吗?——等一下我找不到我上周买的鞋了考查定语从句此处是定语从句,先行词是“theshoes”,指物,引导词在从句中作宾语,所以用that或结合选项,故选which,A
42.D【详解】句意不到长城非好汉考查定语从句题干包含定语从句先行词是“He”,在从句中作主语whom作宾语,指代人;which作主语或宾语,指代物;作主语或宾语,指代人关系代词在定语从句中作主语时不能省略故who选D
43.C【详解】句意:——你喜欢什么类型的电影?——我更喜欢能让我思考的电影考查定语从句指人,在从句中作宾语;指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;指物,在从句whom who which中作主语或宾语;指人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语此处的先行词为表示物,排除选that movies,AB项,又因先行词是复数,从句谓语动词应用动词原形,故选C
44.A【详解】句意学生喜欢开朗幽默的老师考查定语从句此处含定语从句,先行词是人,引导词在从句中作主语,故选A
45.A【详解】句意——你喜欢《长津湖》这部电影吗?——当然我认为没有哪部电影比它更感人了考查定语从句和形容词辨析第一处是定语从句,先行词是物,引导词在从句中作主语,排除B touching感人的;感动的此处修饰电影,用结尾的形容词,排除故选touched ingCD Ao
46.C【详解】句意——你认识站在那边的那个女孩吗?——是的她是我的妹妹考查定语从句,关系副词,在句子中作时间状语;关系副词,在句子中作地点状语;when wherewho关系代词,在从句中作主语或宾语;关系代词,在从句中作主语或宾语分析句子结构,可知是which定语从句,从句缺少主语,先行词是指人,则此处应用关系代词在从句中作主语故选girl,who,C
47.C【详解】句意阿加莎・克里斯蒂是一位被誉为犯罪小说女王的女作家考查关系代词不能引导定语从句;是关系代词,指代人或物,在定语从句中作定语;what whosewho是关系代词,指代人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;关系代词,指代物,在定语从句中作主语或which宾语根据题干可知,木句是一个定语从句,先行词指人,引导词在从句中作主语,因此用关系writer代词引导,故选who C
48.D【详解】句意——我读过查尔斯・狄更斯写的书——我也是大卫・科波菲尔是我的最爱考查定语从句的引导词关系副词,引导定语从句,在从句中作状语;关系代词,how who在这些句子中的前面的修饰语只是简单词,它们对后面的几个名词起一book,light,flowers种修饰作用那如果要表达以下几个句子又该怎么办呢?2住在我隔壁的这个人是卖菜的1我昨天买的运本书不贵那是他们去年住的房子3小明还记得他第一次来广州那^天4这时,我们会发现,只用简单词来做修饰语还不行,有的时候需要用句子来表达意思1:This bookthat/which Ibought yesterday isnotexpensive.2:The manthat/wholivesnext to me sellsvegetables.3:That isthe housewhere theylived lastyear.4:Xiaoming stillremembers the day whenhe firstcame toGuangzhou.这些斜体部分的句子就是定语从句我们把在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的句子称之为定语从句上面四句中的是定语从句被修饰的词,叫作先行book,man,house,day词,用来引导从句的叫作关系代词一般情况下,定语从句放在先行词后that,which,who面,叫作关系副词where,when考向二定语从句的构成及类别1The housethat wasbuilt in1987stayed upin the关系代主语宾earthquake.人,物That词语2The teacherthat teachesus isa teacherof English.宾语1They plantedsome treeswhich didnft needmuchWhich物water,which在从句中作主语主语2The fishwhichwe boughtwere notfresh.在从句中作宾语whichWho人The menwho visitedour classyesterdayisfrom主语宾在从句中作主语Canada.who语*Who m人宾语在从句The manwhomyou justtalked to is Mr.Li.whom中作宾语Whos人,物定语11know aboy whosemother isa teacherin our引导定语从句,在从句中作主语,先行词为人;不能引导定语从句;关系代词,引导定语从句,what that在从句中作主语或宾语,先行词为人或物本句中先行词为物,且引导词在从句中作主语,应用that引导定语从句故选D
49.B【详解】句意我永远不会忘记那些在我困难时期帮助过我的人考查定语从句关系代词,指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;关系代词,指人,在从句中作主Which who语;关系代词,指人或物,在从句中作定语;关系代词,指人,在从句中作宾语;句子先whose whom行词是指人,在从句中作主语,应用引导,故选people,who B
50.A【详解】句意这里发生了巨大的变化我所看到的一切对我来说都是如此的新鲜考查定语从句此处是定语从句,先行词是不定代词关系代词在定语从句中作主语,只能Everything,用故选that A
51.D【详解】句意——你听说过木兰的故事吗?——当然木兰是一个勇敢的女孩,她代替父亲参车考查定语从句和主谓一致关系代词,指人,在从句中作宾语;关系代词,指人或物,在从whom that句中作主语或宾语;关系代词,指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;关系代词,指人,在从句中whichwho作主语;句子是定语从句,先行词是指人,在从句中作主语,应用引导定语从句,先行词girl,who/that是单数名词,从句谓语动词应用三单形式,故选D
52.A【详解】句意我永远不会忘记我们去年一起去过的那个地方考查定语从句哪一个;什么;谁;谁,的宾语该句为定语从句,且从句which whatwhowhomwho中缺宾语,先行词指物,故应用关系代词故选place which,A
53.B【详解】句意在我看来,在所有的书中,这是唯一值得一读的考查定语从句关系词根据可知先行词指物,先行词用“of allthe books,this isthe onlyone”the onlyone修饰时,只能用引导限制性定语从句故选the onlythat B
54.D【详解】句意——我们能为那些需要帮助的农村留守儿童做些什么呢?——我们可以在周末帮助他们在线学习考查定语从句先行词指物;先行词指人,在从句中作宾语;先行词指人或物,在which whomwhose从句中作定语;先行词指人,在从句中作主语本句先行词是指人,且空格处在从who theleft-children,句中作主语,故用引导定语从句故选who D【详解】句意我们跟踪汽车在草地上留下的痕迹考查定语从句作名词,意为“记号”,作动词意为“做标记”是定语从句引导词,所以mark that空处应是先行词,先行词一般是名词或代词,排除选项其次,此处特指汽车在草地上留下的痕迹,BD应用定冠词修饰名词,故选the C
56.D【详解】句意中国在生产最受人欢迎的高科技产品方面正做得更好,这些产品在世界各地都能买到考查定语从句在定语从句中作主语或宾语,指代人;在定语从句中作主语或宾语,指代物;whowhich不能引导定语从句;在定语从句中作主语或宾语,指代物根据what that“themostpopular high-tech可知,先行词是空格上需填一个代替先行词且在从句中作主语的关products...can bebought”products,系代词,用或又因为先行词被形容词最高级所修饰,只能用引导定语从句故选that which,that D
57.B【详解】句意——刚才走过的那个女人是你的老师吗?——是的,她教我们英语,我们都非常喜欢她考查定语从句以及代词辨析第一空所在句子是定语从句,先行词是指人,在从句中作主语,woman应用或引导定语从句,排除和选项我们,人称代词宾格;我们的,形容词性物主who thatA Cus our代词第二空位于动词后,应填人称代词宾格作宾语,故选teach B
58.D【详解】句意我们永远不会忘记在困难时期为人民带来希望的英雄们考查定语从句本句含定语从句,先行词是“theheroes”,指人,引导词在从句中作主语,故选Do
59.B【详解】句意我想对每一个为社区服务的人表示感谢考查定语从句此句是定语从句,是指人,在从句中作主语,用关系词引导定语从句,everyone who故选B
60.A【详解】句意受害者想向警方报告他老板犯下的罪行考查定语从句关系词根据可知此处用定语从句,先行“the crime...hisbosshadcommitted”词指物,且在从句中作宾语,用引导定语从句故选“thecrime”which Aeschool.封面2He likethe bookwhose isa picture.注在后面,一定要有名词,因为它起到定语的whose作用,用来修饰名词as人,物This isa samepen as I lostyesterday.主语宾He issuch aperson asis respectedby allof us.语关系Where地点状语The factorywhere hisfather worksis Ithe westofthecity.副词Why原因状语The reasonwhy youwere latewas unbelievable.When时间状语I stillremember theday whenI firstcame toBeijing.【即学即练】
1.The factorymy friend worksis far from my home.A.when B.where C.which D.what
2.The factorymy friend visited lastyear is far from my home.A.when B.where C.which D.what
3.1wont forgetthedayI was bom.A.that B.when C.which D.in which
4.1wont forgetthedayI spentin NanHua Templethree daysagoA.that B.when C.what D.on that上面的第、题有相似之处,同样,第、题也是1234第题答案是而第题的是为什么题目貌似相同,答案却各异呢?1B,2C,我们要分析句子:首先找出句子的主干,第句1The factorymy friend works”的主干是然后找出先行词,该句的is farfrommyhome Thefactory isfarfrommyhome”,先行词是再看看定语从句部分是从哪里到哪里,不难看出,这个句子的定语从句factory,部分是“想想,如果在横线上填上可不可以?如果填上去的话,myfriendworks which,that那这个关系词就得在从句中作主语或宾语,但这个词不是及物动词,从逻辑上讲,work其后是不能直接接宾语的,但可带状语所以,该题应选B我们再看第题,2“The factorymyfriendvisited lastyearisfarfrom myhome.,5按上述分析法,可以看出定语从句部分“myfriendvisitedlastyear”缺的是宾语,的逻辑宾语因此,答案选visit C请用上述的分析方法自己分析第和第题这两题的答案分别为和34B Ao考向三定语从句中几个须注意的问题
(一)关于“介词结构+which/whom”我们还是先看几个句子
1.The personwhom you should writetoisMr.Brown.
2.That housethat they are livingin belongsto me.
3.The daywhich my sister was born onis March,
1999.
4.She showedme thedictionary whichshe paid a lot money for.
5.The manwhom you spoke tolast nightismyfather.考虑一下,把上述五句的介词去掉可否?当然不行,因为句中的等在从whom,that,which句中无法做动词的宾语,那么就要在动词后加个合适的介词,句子才通因此,这些句子也可说成
6.The personto whomyoushouldwrite isMr.Brown.
7.That housein whichthey areliving belongsto me.
8.The dayon whichmysisterwas bomis March,
1999.
9.She showedme thedictionary for whichshepaidalotmoney.
10.The manto whomyouspokelast nightismyfather.注意在第句中的介词如果要前置放到关系词前面,则不能写成12inThat housein that they areliving belongsto me.应该写成That houseinwhichtheyareliving belongstome.含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开,介词仍放在短语动词的后面如2look for,look after,take等care of()(正)This isthe watchwhich/that I am lookingfor.(误)This isthe watchforwhichI amlooking.
(二)关于“介词名词”结构+whose+首先我们来看两个句子The bosswent tothe hospital.Mr King worked in the bossscompany.如果我们要把这两句话整合成一句话,该怎样做呢?可能同学们会想到以下的答案Mr Kingworked in the companywhose bosswent tothe hospital.但是更贴近原意的表达应该是怎么样的呢?这类定语从句并不太难其实我们可以把它理解为“介词+关系词”与的定语从句whose的结合体The boss,in whosecompany Mr.Kingworkedwent tothe hospital.
(三)关于只用不用的时候thatwhich这样的情况通常有种4当先行词有最高级形容词修饰时,定语从句通常用关系代词来引导,如
1.that This isthe best()filmthatI haveseen.当先行词前有序数词,等修饰词时,定语从句也常用来
2.only,very,the first,the lastthat引导如()She isthe onlyperson thatI canbelieve in.That isthe firstcar thatarrived thismorning.当先行词之前有不定代词等词时,其后的定语从句常用来引导
3.all,any,every,no that如All thepeople thatcome fromthe countrywork muchharder.()This isall thatI cantell you..当先行词既指人有指事物的时候,如4He isnot interested inthepeople and the thingsthathesaw inthe market.
(四)关于只用不用的时候which that在非限制性定语从句1在定语从句中,用来代替事物或前面的句子的时候(详见下面的内容)2考向四限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句关于非限制性定语从句(非限制性定语从句也称为非限定性定语从句)对于这项内容的基本问题,主要掌握好在非限制性定语从句中从句和主句间往往用逗号隔开这一特征,而且要注意,在非限制性定语从句中的关系词不用如that,Yesterday Imet LiPing,who seemedto bevery busy.The dam,which isthe biggestintheworld,is3800metres long.The workers,some ofwhom stayedfor fouryears,came fromdifferent countries.限制性定语从句和主句关系密切,如果省略了,主句的意思不明确,而且,1主句和从句之间不用逗号分开而非限制性定语从句则不同This isthebestnovel thatIhaveread.This isa goodnovel,which isfamous andpopular.又如She hasa sonwho studiesin Britain.她有个在美国留学的儿子(意思含有她可能还有别的孩子)She hasa son,who studiesin Britain.她有个儿子在美国留学(意思含有她只有一个儿子)限制性定语从句的先行词总是一个名词或代词,而非限制性定语从句的先2行词可以是一个词,也可以是部分或整个主句此时一般由关系代词或which来引导如:asJenny waslate again,which madeher teacherangry.My wifeis patientwith myson,whichIamseldom.Iamgood atEnglish,as youknow.(弓导非限制性定语从句时,可以在主句的As hepointed out,your wordswere wrong,asI前或后)用代替整个句子的用法whichThe bamboois hollow,which makesit verylight.Tom wasplaying hisgameboy,which madehis teacherquite angry.和的用法引导定语从句主要用于非限制性定语从句和的as whichas the same...as,such...as,结构中与都可以引导一个非限制性定语从句,并代表前面整个句子或主句中的表语l.as whichHemarried the girl,aswhichwas natural.He seemeda foreigner,aswhichin facthe was.不同的是引导的定语从句可以前置,而不行as whichAswas natural,he marriedthegirl.As weknow,the earthis round.
2.在the same…as,such.・・as,结构中,same,such,之后应是名词We arefacing the same problemsas wedid years ago.We hopeto getsuch atool ashe is using.这些结构也可以用改写但要去掉这种结构,不能直接用代替以上两句which whichaso分别可以改写成We arefacing theproblems whichwe facedyearsago.We hopeto getthe toolwhichhe isusing.注意引导的定语从句在意义上的区别是前者修饰的是与原the same...as the same...that物同样的;而后者修饰的就是先行词同样的东西是比较这和我丢失的那一只表一样不是同一只This isthesamewatch asI lost.这就是我丢失的那一只表同一只This isthesamewatch thatI lost.【即学即练】
1.is knownto everyone,the moontravels roundthe earthonce everymonth.NMET01A.That B.It C.Which D.As2,The resultoftheexperiment wasvery good,we hadn9t expected.A.when B.that C.which D.what
3.is mentionedabove thenumber ofthe studentsin seniorhigh schoolsisincreasing.A.Which B.As C.That D.It(上)
4.Those housesare soldat sucha lowprice peopleexpected.00A.like B.as C.thatD.which分析
①引导的定语从句可放在主句之前、之后或插在句中,而1—4DCBB as引导的从句只能放在主句后面如题引导的从句置于句首
②引导定which1,as as语从句有“正如”、“就像”之意,而没有,如题和题
③在固定结构which23,中用而不用如题“such...as“thesame...as“as which,
41.—Jenny,I talkedback tomy motherlast night.What shouldI do—You aresupposed tosay sorry.Parents arethepeoplelove youin theA.who;better B・who;most C.whom;better D.whom;mostworld.
2.Chances belongto thosekeep trying.As longas youkeep workinghard,youll getaA.who B.that C.whom D.which
3.——Do youadmire Dr.Zhang Wenhong——Of course!He isa kind-hearted doctoris professionaland humorous.A.whom B.which C.who D.wherebig successsooner orlater.A.who B.what C・where D.which(冰壶)
4.Curling isa wintersport isgetting moreand morepopular inChina.
5..John isthe boylegs werebadly hurtintheaccident.A.who B.which C.whom D.whose
6.This isthe skirtIboughtyesterday.A.who B.whom C.where D.that
7.After retiring,my teacherMr.Dai movedtothevillage hewasbornsixty yearsago.A.when B.whichC.where D.what
8.Thisisthe smallvillage innnot longago.A.we stayedB.where westayedC.whichwestayed D.where westayed in
9.Its anorganization canhelp poorchildren.
10.Is thisthegirlyou metyesterday
11.—These days,many kidsare veryinterestedinthe songLonely Warriors.Why一Maybe theythink itsa songhas greatlyrics andrhrhythm.A.which B.who C.where D.what一
12.What kindof moviesdo youlike一I likethemoviescan makeme laugh.A.where B.what C.which D.when一
13.Have youread thebook Theold manandthesea writtenby theAmerican writer,Hemingway一Of course,an amazingstory.Its thebest bookIve everread.A.which B.what C.who D.that一
14.Do youknowtheboy isunder thetree一Oh,he ismy cousin.A.which B.who C.whom D.whose
15.Michael Jacksonwas asinger isconsidered asthe kingof popmusic.A.what B.whose C.who D.which
16.—Have youheard oftheplacehe visitedlast summer一Yes,it isthe veryplace thegreat writer,Lu Xunwasbom.A.where;where B.where;that C./;where D.that;that
17.The womanisthemost importantin mylife ismy mother.A.which B.whoC.whom D.what
18.The womanisthemost importantin mylife ismy mother.A.whom B.what C.which D.who
19.Could youtell methe resultofthediscussion youhad madeinthemeeting justnowA.who B.when C.how D.that
20.As weall know,a doctorisaperson looksafter peopleshealth.A.whoB.whose C.which D.whom件模拟检测■一.
21.—Do youknow whoSu Bingtianis一Yes,heisa famousrunner setthe newAsian recordof
9.83second inmens100-meter raceatthe2020Tokyo Olympics.。