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外研版八年级上册英语各模块知识点归纳总结大全英语初二上册重点知识点讲解Module1How tolearn English
1.Each timeyou willlearn somethingnew.I alsoadvise youto.每次你将会研究一些talk aboutthe filmsor songswithyour friends新东西我也建议你和朋友们谈论电影或歌曲的用法time指“时间”用作不可数名词,前面可1time much,little,a等修饰当作“次数;倍数“讲时,是可lot of,plenty of2time数名词e.g.I havebeen toBeijing threetimes.构成的短语3time一次,每一次曾经,一度at atime atone time偶然偶尔老是,一向at times/from timeto time,all thetime及时,迟早准时in timeon time构成的句型4timefarold规则变化:种别构成办法一般直接加原级1-estlongtall第一流longest tallestlatest largesteasiest happiestbiggest hottestmostcareful most beautiful leastimportantleast useful第一流bestmostworstleast(更远的)farthest(最大水平)furthest(较年长的)oldest/eldest单音节词和少数双音子音字母加末端时把节词y yeasy变再力口-i,esthappy重读闭音节末端而且只要一个辅音字母时,双写最后big hot的辅音字母,再加-est在原级前加most多音节词和部分双音节词在原级前加leastcareful beautifulimportantuseful不发音的结尾时加e-stlatelarge描述词最高比力级用法3
③表示“最的之一时,用形容词最高one of the+级结构,该形容词后面的名词要用复数形式周杰伦是最受e.g.Zhou Jielunis oneof themost popularsingers.欢迎的歌星之一
④描述词第一流前面可以加序数词,透露表现“第几最……长江e.g.The ChangjiangRiver is the firstlongest riverin China.是中国第一大长河
①表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时,用最高级形式形容词最高级前必须加定冠词句末常跟一个the,短语来表示范围in/of在三个男孩子中,他是e.g.He is the strongestof thethree boys.最强壮的上海是中国最大的城市Shanghai isthe biggestcity in China.
②表示在三者或三者以上的人或物进行选择时,用最高级,”结构“Which/Who is+the+A,B orC4e.g.Which cityisthemostbeautiful,Beijing,Shanghai orFuzhou哪个城市最漂亮,北京,上海还是福州
⑥形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义李雷是班上最高的学e.g.Li Leiisthetallest studentin hisclass.生二李雷比班上Li Leiis tallerthan anyother studentin hisclass.其他任何一个学生都高=Li Leiis tallerthan theother studentsin his李雷比班上其他所有的学生都高
⑤形容词最高级前面可以class.有物主代词,指示代词,名词所有格等修饰,但此时不能再用定冠词the这是我们本日的末了一节课e.g.This isour lastlesson today.Module5Lao SheTeahouse重点知识讲解做动词,意义是“供给;发起;提出:常用的搭配
1.offer
②主动提出做某事offer to do sth.e.g.She offeredto lendme herbike.她提出将自行车借给我
①把某物给予某人offer sb.sth.=offer sth.to sb.e.g.The youngman offeredthe oldman his own seaton the bus.二The youngman offeredhisownseat tothe oldman on thebus.阿谁年轻人在大众汽车大将自己的坐位让给了那位白叟做及物动词,意为”展示;显示;给看”,
2.Showshow show后可接双宾语或给某人看或者展示show sb.sth.show sth.to sb.某物请e.g.Show meyour pen,please.=Show yourpen tome,please.让我看一下你的钢笔请出示车票Show yourtickets,please.别的,还可用作名词,意为“展览;陈设;上演常show构成短语意为“陈设,展览”on show,他的画目前正在展览e.g.His picturesare onshow now.难点知识讲解动词不定式I动词不定式作宾语的用法2动词不定式置于谓语动词之后,作动词的宾语,表明意图、希望或决定的内容常见的后面接十动词原形”作宾语的动词有“to plan,decide,等hope,want,would like,agree,offer,try,like,love注意某些及物动词可用也可用动词不定式作宾语,但-ing意义不同的有5动词不定式的构成1肯定方式动词原形否认方式to+not to do6Module6Animals indanger.描述词酿成副词的纪律1普通在描述词的词尾加可以酿成副词例如-ly quick—等quickly,slow-slowly,loud-loudly,sudden-suddenly特殊情况构成办法一些以“子音字母末端的描述词,要把改成+y”y再加i-ly有些以或结尾的形容词,去掉加--ble-le ey以末端的描述词酿成副词时仍旧要在词尾加-1-ly例子happy-happily,angry-angrilypossible——possiblyterrible-terriblycareful-carefully温馨提示副词润饰行动动词如He isvery careful.He doeseverything carefully第一句中是连系动词,用形容词;第二句中修饰行is careful为动词用副词常考的形容词和副词辨析有does carefullyohard努力------------------hardly几乎不;late迟的,晚的-------lately近来;deep深------deeply深深地;near靠近-------nearly差不多;wide宽------widely广泛地;free免费的-------freely自由地典例剖析Tom studiesbuthis sisterstudies.A.hard,hardB.hardly,hardlyC.hard,hardlyD.hardly,hard答案解题技巧此题第一个陷阱是和的区别,C hard hardly通常我们会认为的副词是事实上既是形容词.又hardhardly,hard是副词,而是另外一个副词.,中文是“几乎不……复习hardly
5.动词不定式作宾语补足语动词不定式作宾补时,它与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系露丝要他关小收音机e.g.Lucy askedhim toturn downthe radio.注意动词不定式在使役动词和感官动词make,let see,watch,等词后作宾补时,常省去不定式符号后的不定hear,feel tohelp式可带也可不带to,to我们去看海豚吧Lefs seethe dolphins.我听见她每天都唱歌I hearher singevery day.描述词和描述词的区分
4.-ing-ed形容词-ing有趣的interesting形容词-ed感乐趣的interested例句I have an interestingbook.He isinterested inscience.Have youheard of the excitingnews使人镇静的We areexcited aboutthe traveling.exciting感触镇静的excited透露表现自动意义,多指事透露表现被动意义,多指人We物对人的影响,普通修对are allinterested in the interestingstory.事物的感触感染,主语一饰事物般是人,常用于“sb.+-ed形容词+介词”结构7M7A famousstory
3.It wassitting in a treeand smilingat everyone.(外来物或人)在树上inatree(树上本身有的东西等)在树上on atree appleEg Thereis abird inthe tree.There area lotof appleson thetree.对某人微笑smile atsb EgLucy isvery kindand alwayssmiles atothers.
1.a girlcalled Alice.此处为过去分词,修饰放在名词之后相当于called girl,named.颠仆,掉下跟不上,落在后面
2.fall downfall behind落入中从上掉下来入fall intofall offfall asleepEg Shefell downand hurther legyesterday.Leaves fall off thetrees infall.They felttired andfell asleepquickly.偶尔
7.once or twice=from timeto timeEg Onceortwicehe goesto schoolon foot.一次两次三次及以上数词once twice+timesthree timessix为何?;有甚么用?times
8.大地址+地址地址arrivein+get toreach+小地址at+get home\there\here举办茶会
9.haveatea party没什么事可做
10.have nothingto donothingsomething toeat\drink作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数nothing…把某物从掏出
11.take sthout of透露表现举措是在物体的外表举行,如过河,过桥,
12.across过马路透露表现举措是在物体的内部空间举行,如穿过丛through林、门、地道,光芒射入等太……而不能
13.too……to……
①.该是某人Its timefor sb.to do sth./Its hightime sb.did sth干的时间了是e.g.Ifs timefbr childrento goto bed.小孩睡觉的时候了我们该出发了Its hightime thatwe started.
②每次,下次,第一each timenext timethe first/last time次/末了一次的时分等e.g.The lasttime Iwent toChina,I visited我前次至中国时,游览了上海Shanghai.U
2.advice意义是“意见,建议”,为不成数名词,可用1some,much,等润饰,不能说或a pieceof,pieces ofan advicemany/a fewadviceso透露表现“有关……的建议”时,用介词接名词、代2on,词或由疑问词指导的不定式e.g.Lefs ask for hisadvice onwhat todonext.常见搭配接受某人的建议take/follow onesadvice征求意见askforadvice拓展:建议advise vt.常见搭配:advise sb.to do sth..教师建议我目前就e.g.My teacheradvises meto leavenow分开Eg He is tooyoung tocarry theheavy bag.没甚么奇特的事
9.nothing strange形容词作后置定语,修饰不定代词在英语中,strange nothingo当形容修饰不定代词等时,something\anything\nothing\everything形容词必须放在不定代词后面,作后置定语Eg Ihave somethingimportant to do.听到或人做某事听到或
10.hear sb.do sth.hear sb.doing sth.人正在做某事Eg I heard herplay thepiano inthe nextroom justnow.Ihearsomeone singingintheroom.M8Accidents很镇静去做
3.be gladto dosth sth8Eg I am gladto seeyou again.实时定时,定时
4.1n timeon timeEg Ihope youcan comeback intime.Please handin yourhomework ontime.经由过程电话通话(透露表现“经由过程”)
1.on thephone on看起来很惨白
2.look pale此处作为半系动词,后跟.常见的半系动词有look adjtaste\smell\sound\feel.Eg Themusic soundsgood.The foodtastes delicious.捡起,拾起(代词只能放中央,名词放在中央或后
9.pick up面都可)(开车)接某人pick sbup EgAfter school,his fatherdrives hiscar topick himupeveryday.打电话给拜访
10.call sbcallup=ring upsbcall onsb
5.falloff=从摔下来你爱上某fall downfrom fallin lovewith sb人的风险
7.pay attention to to)doing EgWe shouldpay moreattentiontodeveloping economy.偶然几回;几倍
8.sometimes sometimes(将来或过去)某个时候一段时间sometime sometime就I
2.as soonas——...I willcall youas soonas Iget home.II.As hewas lyingthere ingreat pain,Henry suddenlyrememberthe photo.此处为不及物动词,意为“躺”其过去式为现在分lie lay,词为lyingoHe waslying on the bed.语法全解和都表示主从句的动作或状态同时发生,但二者when while意义不尽相同.含有指导的时间状语的主从复合句,如果主句用曩2when昔举行时,从句应当用普通曩昔式,透露表现一个举措正在举行的时分别的一个举措产生,夸大后一举措产生的忽然性We werewatching TVwhen suddenlythe lightswent off.引导的从句可表示时间点,也可表示时间段,从句
1.when的位于动词既可以是延续性动词,也可以是非延续性动词;while引导的从句通常表示时间段,从句中用延续性动词作谓语Theyoarrived whilewe werewatching TV..当主从句的举措都是延续的或同时产生,主从句都用曩昔3举行时的时分,从句多用指导while Theywere readingwhile wewerewriting.M9Population乐音喧华的收回乐音
4.noise n.noisy adj.make noise准备为做准备
5.prepare preparefor prepareto dosth准备去做某事.Eg Theyare preparingfor theNew Year.名词复数方式“笔记随笔记笔记
6.notes makenotes
1.The population of Chinais about
9.hang ona minute.公共服务公用电话
10.public servicesa publictelephone in在公共场合不可数名词形容词.大public
5.too much+much too+too可数名词复数many+Eg Ihave toomuch homeworkto dotoday.That dressis muchtoo longfor me.There aretoo manypeople inthe shopon Sunday.五分之一
6.one fifth分数的表达法分子在前,用基数词;分母在后,用序数词当分子大于时,分母需要用复数如1two thirds究竟上全天下
11.in factall overthe world分开某地
①目的地前去目的地起程去
12.leave leavefbr+某地ril leavefor Shanghainext week.
②还有“忘了带,留下’之意如leave Ileft mybook athome.辨析与
13.job work指详细的职业或零工job cn指人们日常生活和工作中从事的体力或脑力劳动work un【】冠词复习笔记Grammer数字:分为基数词和序数词本模块中,我们重点进修数字的读法在英语中,每三位数字为一个单元,依照百,十,个位向下读而进位的读法则为向上递增数thousand,million,billion词的常见用法
①分数表达法在英语中,分子用基数词,分母用序数词当分子是时,分母用原形;当分子大于时,分母用复数形式11
②百分数的表达百分数用表示,符号为%如读percent5%作five present.MIO Theweather
2.Are youjoking.笑话;玩笑joken playa jokeon sbmakea jokeof\about ab.关于天气的单词1名词cloud,rain,snow,sun,wind,fbg.…形容词cloudy,rainy,snowy,sunny,windy,foggy....
6.whats the weather like in...Eg---What isthe weatherlikeinJinhua today10-It iscold today.询问天气还可以用how istheweatherin...减去,零下(温度)
4.minus EgThe temperatureis minus3degrees.尽管;固然(与不能连用)
5.although althoughbut Eg It isntwarm today,although thesun isshining.二和相比力
9.compared tocompared with重点语法Eg Icompared mycomputer to\with hers.情态动词的用法may,might也;还(放句末)也(放句末)也,而且(放
7.as welltoo also句中)最好现在就走
8.better getgoing.=had betterg now.最好做had betterdosth sth EgIts latenow,we hadbetter hurryup.Module11Wayoflife重点语法你不必等了
2.you needntwait在这里用作情态动词,表示“需要”,常用于否定句、疑need问句及引导的一般疑问句的否定回答,其后用动词原形musto()neednt=dont haveto Eg You needntcome toschool thisafternoon.---Must Ifinish myhomework today-No,you neednt.【拓展】作实义动词时,厥后可接透露表现need todo,“需要做…”真惊讶啊!此句是感叹句,用来表达赞美、惊l.whatasurprise!叹、喜悦等感情,同样用也可引导感叹句结构如下:how主语+谓语!what+a\an+adj.+n.+主语+谓语!how+adj.\adv.+Eg Howbeautiful thegirl is!=What abeautiful girlshe is!打扫卫生这是——个由
4.do somecleaning do+some+doing构成的短语EgYoushould helpyour motherdo somecleaning afterschool.不同之处,区另一不同的
3.differencen.1differentadj.bedifferent from【拓展】do somewashing\cooking\shopping\sewing停下往来来往做某事停止做某事
6.stop todosthstop doing sth传统的传统
5.traditionaladj.Ttraditionn.Module12Help重点常识点怎样
4.harmfuladj.^harmn.be harmfulto sb\sthdo harm to sb\sth对…有害Eg Smokingis harmfulto health.It doesharmtoour environment.做有艰巨
3.have trouble\problem indoing sth堕入贫苦处于窘境中get intotrouble bein troubleEgIhave troublein learningEnglish.远离
8.be careful ofsth二谨慎去做doingsthbe careful todosthsthEg Becarefulofdriving.Heiscarefultoopen thedoor.用盖上
6.warn sbabout\of sth警告某人去做某事警告warn sbtodosth warnsb nottodosth某人不要去做某事Eg Ourparents warnus notto playonthestreet.以为自满
10.be proudofsth=take prideindoing sth
3.I suggestyou writefour orfive wordsa dayon piecesof paper我建议你一天把四个大概五个单词写and placethem inyour room.在纸上而且放在你的房间里做动词,表示“建议,提议”的意思,对应的名词是suggest,的用法suggestion suggestI suggestedhis/him givingup theidea.我建议他放弃那念头She suggestedthat theclass meetingshould notbe heldonSaturday.1Module2My hometown andmy country
1.It hasa populationof aboutseven anda halfmillion,so itis.它大约有万人口,所以比bigger andbusier thanCambridge750剑桥更大更繁忙是数词,意思是“百万”它的用法如下1million
①当与具体数字连用时,习惯上用单数,而且也不后接介词Ofo三百万人e.g.three millionpeople
②当不与详细数字连用,而是透露表现不肯定的泛指数时,则不但要用复数,而且要后接介词然后才干接名词f,e.g.A carelessmistake costthe companymillions ofpounds.一个大意的错误使公司遭受数百镑的丧失拓展与有不异用法的数词另有(百),million hundred(千),(十亿)thousand billion
2.It isontheRiver Camand hasapopulationof about120,
000.它(剑桥)位于康河河畔,人口约为万12意思是“人口,居民”,它是一个集体名词,常population n.用单数形式
①常与定冠词连用,作主语用时,谓语动词常population the用第三人称单数形式e.g.The wordspopulation isincreasing fasterandfaster.
②当主语是表示“人口的百分之几、几分之几”时,谓语动词用复数形式e.g.About seventypercent ofthe populationinChinaare farmers.中国约莫有百分之七十的生齿是农夫
③有时可用作可数名词,其前可用不定冠词population中国约莫有十三e.g.China hasapopulationofabout
1.3billion.亿生齿
④表示人口的“多或少,不用或而要用“much”“little”,或印度人口众多“large smalle.g.India hasa largepopulation,
⑤询问某国、某地有多少人口时,不用…?,而Howmuch”用而在问具体人口时用“Howlarge...“What...e.g.—What isthepopulationof Canada力口拿大的人——The populationof Canadais about29million.口大约有二千九百万研究形容词的比较级的规则变化及用法划定规矩变革1种别构成办法原级longtalllatelargeyeasyhappy比较级longertallerlaterlargereasierhappierbiggerhotter普通直接加-er不发音的结尾时加e-r单音节词和少数双音节词子音字母加末端时把y变再加i,-er重读闭音节末端而且只要big一个子音字母时,双写最hot后的子音字母,再加-er2形容词比较级用法2
②有表示程度的副词a little,a bit,a few,a lot,much,even,still,等修饰时,用形容词比较级far,rather,any我现在觉得更难受了e.g.I feeleven worsenow.今天比以前冷得多It ismuch coldertoday thanbefore.
①表示两者进行比较时用形容词比较级,最明显的提示词是其结构为比较级than,“A…++than+B”李雷的房间比我的大e.g.Li LeTsroom isbigger thanmine.这块月饼比那块好吃This mooncakeis nicerthan thatone.
④表示“两者之间最……一个时,常用比较ofthetwo”“the+级”结构是双胞胎中的高个子e.g.Mary isthe tallerofthetwins.Mary
③比力级前面可以加上透露表现详细数目不同的布局,透露表现详细“大几何”,“小几何”,“长几何”,“短几何”等我比他大两岁e.g.Iamtwo yearsolder thanhe.这栋楼房比那栋This buildingis20meters higherthan thatone.高米20
⑤透露表现“越来越……”,用比力级堆叠布局,即“比力级比力级,多音节词和局部双音节词时用描述+and+more andmore+词原级”春季天气变得越来e.g.Ifs gettingwarmer andwarmer inspring.越和煦Module3Sports进一步进修描述词和副词的比力级的划定规矩变革和不划定规矩变革不规则变化2原级身材好的good/wellmany/muchbad/illlittlefarold划定规矩变革1类别构成方法原级carefulbeautifulimportantuseful比较级more carefulmorebeautifulless important多音节词和部分双音节在原级前加less usefulmore词在原级前加less比较级better moreworseless(较远)farther(进一步)furtherolder(较年长的)elder()描述词和副词比力级用法3
⑥表示“越……就越……”时,用比较级,比较级”“the+the+结构他越忙越高兴e.g.The busierhe is,the happierhe feels.3Module4Planes,ships andtrains研究形容词和副词的最高级的规则变化和不规则变化及其用法()不划定规矩变革2原级(身材好的)good/wellmany/muchbad/ill little。