中考英语语法知识难点大全

中考英语语法知识难点大全英语语法知识难点一一形容词和副词I.要点形容词A.、形容词的用法1形容词是用来修饰、描绘名词的，通常在句中作定语、表语或宾补，有时还可作状语如He ishonest andhardworking.I foundthe bookinteresting.某些形容词与定冠词连用表示一类人作主语时，谓语通常用复数形式如The richand thepoor livein differentparts of the city.The Englishlike to be with their families.多个形容词作定语修饰名词的顺序冠词+序数词+基数词+性质状态描述性+形状大小+新旧老少+颜色+国籍+材料+名词如the secondfive interestingbig newred Chinesewall papers.、形容词比较等级的形式2规则形式1一般说来，单音节词及少数双音节词在后加来构成比较级和最高级；其他双音节词及多音节词在前加-er;--est more,.如mostgreat-greater-greatest busy-busier-busiest important-more important-themost important不规则形式2good well-better-best badill-worse-worst manymuch-more-most little-less-least形容词比较等级的用法3

①表示两者的比较，用形容词的比较级如+than.He iscleverer thanthe otherboys.This oneis morebeautiful thanthat one.

②表示两者以上的比较，用”形容词最高级+名词”如the++ofin…He is the cleverestboy inhis class.

③表示两者是同等程度，用”形容词原级如as++as”.He is as tallas I.I have as manybooks asyou.

④越…越…例如The moreI learn,the happierI am.5You cannever betoo careful.越小心越好又如You cannever praisethe teacher too highly.你怎么赞扬这个老师也不过分6I have never spenta moreworrying day.那一天是最令我担心的一天I havenever hada betterdinner.这是我吃过的最好的一顿饭7My Englishis nobetter thanyours.我的英语和你的英语都不怎么样副词B.、副词的种类1通常用于等词后如want,wish,ask,order,tell,know,help,advise,allow,cause,forceHe orderedhertoleave at once.He wasforced toobey hisorder.（）作状语6He gotup earlyto catchthe firstbus.He workedhard tocatch upwiththe other students.（）作独立成分7To tellyou thetruth,I tolda lie.（）”疑问词+不定式”结构如8I dont know howto choosethem.I cannotdecide whereto go.（）不定式的否定式如9I decidednot to go.（）不定式的完成式如10He seemedto have cleaned the room beforeI camein.The boyis saidto have been sentto thehospital lastweek.（）结构如11too...toHe wastoo excitedto goto sleep.（他太高兴了，乐意去）He wasonly tooglad to go.（）主动表被动如12The bookis easy to read.I have a bookto read.IL例题例1I haven*t gota chair.A tosit Bfor tosit onC tosit onD forsitting解析该题选不定式在句中作定语，修饰名词因为不定式和它所修饰的名词间是“动宾关系”,所以C tosit onchair.不定式必须是及物动词，故此处不能省略on例2He wasmade.A goB goneC goingD togo解析该题选如果是被动形式，不定式前的不能省略Do make sb.do sth.do to例3A newfactory is very soon.A to be builtB builtC to buildD tobuilding解析该题选意为“将要被建”A is to bebuilt（）动名词AI.要点动名词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有名词的句法功能＞动名词的形式，以为例1write式1语态主动语态被动语态一般式writing beingwritten完成式having writtenhaving beenwritten否定式+动名词not、动名词的用法2（）作主语1Playing footballis myfavorite sport.Travelling withfriends atweekend is fun.作主语的动名词结构复杂且长时，可用作形式主语如it It isfuntravelling withfriends atweekend.（）作宾语2I enjoyplaying PCgame.He gaveup writingfive years ago.（）作表语3What hehated mostwas doingnothing.Seeing isbelieving.动名词作表语时，句子的主语常是无生命名词或引导的名词性从句what（）作定语4Theres adining roomin myschool.All thepeople watchinglaughed.（）动名词的复合结构”物主代词（或名词的所有格）+动名词”如5Toms goinghome latemade hermother angry.Would youmind myopening the window不过，动名词的逻辑主语在遇到以下情况时，必须用名词的普通格（或人称代词的宾格）

①无生命名词The girlswere afraid of the door suddenlyclosing.Fire burnsbetter byoxygen beingat work.

②有生命名词，但表泛指Have youever heardof girlssmoking

③两个以上的有生命的名词并列Do youstill remembermy parentsand mecoming to see youthat day后面常接动名词的动词和短语

3.mind,enjoy,finish,consider,practise,magine,keep,suggest,advise,allow,permit,be worthdoing,be used to doing,be busydoing,cant helpdoing,it isno gooddoing,it isno usedoing,look forward to doing,stickto doing,pay attentionto doing,devote to doing,lead to doingIL例题彳列1She saysshe doesntfeel likeout with you.A goingB togo Cfor goingD went解析该题正确答案为此处为介词，后面要接名词或动名词作宾语A feellike=want,like例2The gardenneeds.A waterB wateringCtowater Dwatered解析该题正确答案为如果物作主语，此三者后要接动名词或这一结构作宾语B need=want=require.to be done例3Excuse meyou.A interruptingB tointerruptC interruptedD to have interrupted解析该题正确答案为后接动名词作宾语，此句中的为动名词的逻辑主语（常用于口语中）A excuseme

（九）分词I.要点分词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有形容和副词的句法功能它分为现在分词和过去分词两类现在分词和过去分词的主要差别在于现在分词有一般式和完成式，过去分词则只有一般式现在分词表动作正在进行，表主动过去分词及物动词表动作已经完成，表被动过去分词不及物动词表动作已经完成，表主动过去分词的句法功能、作定语1I liketo readthe novelwritten byLu Xun.The womansitting besidethe brokenwindow was a friend of mine.、作表语2When Icame into the room,I foundthewindowwas broken.Em interestedin thisbook.、作宾语补足语3Im going to havemy bikerepaired.When Iwalked home,I sawthe thiefcaught by the police.、作状语4Seen fromthe topof themountain,the citylooks small.The teachercame into the classroom,followed byhis students.现在分词的句法功能、作状语1Seeing fromthe topof themountain,I foundthe citywas beautiful.Walking alongthe street,they suddenlysaw him.、作宾语2I hatebeing spokenill of.He consideredvisiting Japanduring thewinter vocation.、作表语3Seeing isbelieving.The bookis interesting.、作宾语补足语4I noticedhim crossingthe street.Mother caughthim smokingin thekitchen.、作定语5Do you know the man writinga letterTheworker runninga machineis my brother.分词使用中的几个问题、现在分词的完成式1Having cleaned the room,I wentout.、现在分词的否定式2Not havingreceived anyletter,he felta littleworried.、现在分词与过去分词的不同3现在分词表示主动、正在，过去分词表示被动、完成I foundthe mankilled there.I foundthemanstanding there.、结构4haveWe havethe carrepaired.We haverepaired the car.We haveTom repairthe car.We haveTom repairingthecarthe wholemorning.、分词作表语5We wereexcited at the news.The footballgame isexciting.、独立主格结构6It beinga fineday,we wentout to visit the park.IL例题例、1Time,Ell go on apicnic withyou.A.permit B.to permitC.permitted D.permitting解析该题答案为.是独立主格结构，意为如果时间允许的话D Timepermitting..彳列、2if hehad anybad habit,she repliedthat he wasaheavy smoker.A.Ask B.To askC.Asked D.Asking解析该题答案为主语是被问C she英语语法知识难点三十情态动词与助动词

1.要点助动词本身无意义，在句中帮助主要动词构成一定的时态，语态、语气，或是帮助构成否定句和疑问句，常用的助动词有be,do,have,shallshould,willwould.情态动词表一定的词义，本身并不表示动作或状态，而仅仅表达说话人的态度，它在句中须和主要动词一起构成谓语，主要的情态动词有cancould,may might,must,have to,ought to,need,dare,shall,should,will,would.、能，可以，表说话人同意，许可还可表客观条件许可，如:1can Youcan go now.提建议或请求时可用表客气，如can I,can youCan Ibuy youa drink和表能力时的区别can be able to表一般具有的能力，表在特定条件下的能力，如:can be able toAlthough thedriver wasbadly hurt,hewas able toexplain whathadhappened.、2may、可以，表说话人同意，许可或请求对方许可1You maygo.、现在和将来可能，也许，只用于肯定句和否定句中，如2He maynot beright.、3must,have to表主观上的必须，表客观上的必须，如must have to:Its getting late.I havetogo.-Must Igo now.-Yes,you must.No,you neednt./No,you dont haveto.、这二词有实意动词和情态动词两种词性，如用作实意动词后接动词不定式如用作情态动词后接动词4need,dare t do,原形Need Igonow-Yes,you must./No,you neednt.、用于第一人称疑问句中表说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请求，如，5shall Shallwe beginour lesson用于

二、三人称陈述句，表说话人命令、警告、允诺、威胁等口吻，如You shallfail ifyou dontwork harder.、表应该，意为有责任，有义务6should^D:We shouldtry ourbest tomake ourcountry morebeautiful.

7、will表有做某事的意志、意愿、安心、打算，如nWill you lend meyour bookYes,I will.,、表应该做而未做8should have done表对过去事实的肯定推测must havedone表本可以做某事could havedone、判断句肯定句用否定句用不太肯定用9must,cant,may,mightHe mustbe in the officenow.He musthave goneto bed,for thelight isout.He cantbe in the office.He isat home.He couldn*thavecleanedthe classroom,because he didnt comehere today.He mightbe in the office,I amnot sure.He might havecleanedthe room,I suppose.II.例题例1,They to walk in the streetat might.A.didn*t dareB.not daredC.not dareD.dared not解析，该题答案为此空需选一动词作谓语，因为后面是是行为动词过去时态的否定形式A,to walk,didn*t daredare彳列2,When hewas veryold,Mr.Smith sitfor hourswithout sayinga word.A.would B.should C.must D.used解析，该题答案为此处表过去的倾向性，习惯性动作，意为“总是如A,would Whenwe werechildren,we wouldgoswimming everysummer.十一句子种类I.要点句子按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句；按结构又分为简单句、并列句和复合句、陈述句的否定1在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的谓语动词是等，且主1think,expect,believe,suppose,guess,fancy,imagine句主语是第一人称时，宾语从句谓语的否定习惯上要移到主句谓语上，如I dorftthink he is right.含有否定意义的副词的句子应视为否定句，如2never,seldom,hardly,scarcely,rarely,barely I havenever been therebefore.、反意疑问句2和既可作情态动词，又可作实意动词，在反问部分须加以区别，如1need dareWe neednt leave,need weWe dontneedto leave,do we陈述部分出现否定意义的副词或代词如等时,反问部分须用肯定形式如2never,seldom,few,hardly,little Heseldomcomes,does he陈述部分用不定代词作主语时，反问部分的主语用如3it,Nothing canstop me,can it陈述部分用等作主语时,反问部分常用有时也用如:everybody,everyone,somebody,someone,it,they,Everybody knowsthat,dont they陈述部分包括时反问部分可有两种形式，如4usedtoYou usedto getup early,usednt didnt you陈述部分是结构时,反问部分用如:5there+be”there,Theres somethingwrong withyou,isnt there陈述部分是含有宾语从句的主从复合句时:反问部分的主语和谓语应和主句保持一致，6$B:He nevertold otherswhat hethought,did he但，如果是等+宾语从句时，反问部分须和从句的动词保持一致，,I think,I believeI dontthink he is right,is heI dontbelievehe doesthat,does he、感叹句3用或what how,What abeautiful parkit is.How beautifula parkit is.How beautifultheparkis.How weworked!、祈使句4Take care!Dont standthere.Please openthe doorfor theold lady.IL例题例1,Dont forget to postthe letter,A.will youB.do youC.wont youD.shall you解析该题答案为A,在否定句、祈使句后只用will you”？，但肯定的祈使句后可用如，Wait forme,will wonft,can,cant,could you彳列2,Lets goout for a walk,A.will youB.won*tyouC.shall weD.do we解析该题答案为后加上来表语气婉转、客气，而在后加上C,lefs…shall welet uswill you例3,He hardlywrites toyou,A.doesnt heB.does heC.do theyD.has he解析该题答案为否定副词，反问部分要用肯定形式B,hardly十二各种从句I.要点根据从句在句中的句法功能，从句可分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句、名词性从句1主语从句1What hewants isa pieceof paper.It isbelieved that he cansolve the problem.注主语从句的谓语动词用单数宾语从句2I dontknow howto solvetheproblem.Do youknow where he lives表语从句3The problemis whocan helpme.This iswhy Icame here.同位语从句4I haveno ideawherehe went.I heardthe newsthat he would come.同位语从句用引导，常跟在等词后，在从句that fact,idea,news,promise,thought,message,hope,belief,doubt that中不作任何成分、定语从句2在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词，或修饰整个主句的从句叫做定语从句，引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,和关系副词which,that,as,when,where,why指物时一般可与互换，但在下列情况下，要用而不用1that whichthat which先行词有等不定代词时,如，a.all,everythingEverything that hedidis wrong.先行词被等修饰时，如,b.all,every,no,some,any,little,muchIll readall the books thatyoulendme.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，c.This is the firstletter that the boyhas written.先行词被修饰时，如d.the only,the very,the same,the lastHeis thevery manthat Fmlooking for.只用的情况e.which在介词后或在非限定性定语从句中This is thebookabout whichwe havetalked a lot.The book,which he gave meyesterday,is veryinteresting.和作关系副词f.where whenThis isthe room whereI worked.This istheroomwhich Istayed in.I rememberedthe daywhen welived there.I rememberedthe daythat Ispent there.和g.as which可以放于句首，而不可以as whichAsyouknow,heisgood atEnglish.和three of them three of whichI havea lot of books,threeofwhich are in Russian.I havea lot ofbooksand threeof themareinRussian.、状语从句3在复合句中起状语作用的从句叫做状语从句状语从句可分为时间状语、地点状语、原因状语、目的状语、结果状语、条件状语、行为方式状语、比较状语、让步状语等多种II.例题彳列、1I acceptthe giftor refuseit isnone ofyour business.A.If B.Whether C.Even ifD.No matterwhen解析该题答案为可以和连用，不可以，此外一般仅用于宾语从句B whetheror ifif例、2The waythesecomrades look at problemsis wrong.A.where B.in thatC.X D.with which解析该题答案为先行词是定语从句中用或来引导或不填C,way,that inwhich例3,a longtime sinceI sawyou lasttime.A.It wasB.It isC.It had been D.It canbe解析该题答案为时间数+引导的从句是一个句型，意为”从…时候以来过了多久了”B,It is+since十三主谓一致I.要点谓语受主语支配，须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这叫做主谓一致，主谓一致包括语法一致、意义上一致和就近一致、语法上一致

1、以单数名词或代词，动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词要用单数，主语为复数时，谓语用1复数，如，To work hard isnecessary fora student.、用或连接的并列主语，谓语动词用复数，如，2and both…andBoth heand Iare right.但并列主语如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数，如,、His teacherand fri6ndis abeautiful girl.3主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有等，谓语动词仍用单数，如，as well as,but,except,besides,with,along with,together with,likeThe teacheras wellas hisstudents isexcited.、某些不定代词，如做主语，谓语动词要用单数，如:4Everyone has a book.、一些只有复数形式的名词，如等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数,如,5people,cattle,clothes Alot of people aredancingoutside.、意义上一致

1949.A.was builtB.were builtC.is builtD.are built解析该题答案为形式上是复数，意思上是单数，因此谓语动词用单数，类似的还有A worksnews,maths,politics,physics.例、2They eacha copyofthenew physics.A.have B.has C.having D.gets解析该题答案为不等于这个词组作主语谓语用单数如Ao Theyeach each of...,each ofeachofthe studentshands in their而作主语，谓语要随前面的词来变化homework,they eacheach英语语法知识难点四十四倒装I.要点按主语+谓语”这种顺序排列的句子是陈述语序，如果变为”谓语或谓语的一部分+主语”，就是倒装语序、全部倒装1句型1there beThere is goingto be a meeting.There isa bookon thetable.等副词置于句首时，主谓倒装，但如果主语是人称代词时,主语和谓语语序不倒装，如，2here,there,now,then,in,outHere comesthe bus.Here hecomes.直接引语的部分或全部位于句首时，有时也用倒装，如，3What hesaid meantnothing11,said theteacher.4为保持句子平衡，强调表语或状语，使上下文紧密衔接时须完全倒装，,In frontofthe house sata smallboy.

（十五）与的用法it there beI.要点、的用法1it用作人称代词，代替前文提到的无生命的事物，动植物、婴儿及指示代词如1this,that,I havea newpen.It isbeautiful.The Brownshaveanew baby.Its cute.用来表示时间、天气、距离等，如，2Its twelveoclock now.Ifs finetoday.用作引导词，代替由不定式，形式或从句表示的真正的主语或宾语、如，3ingIts nogood tellinghim that.Its necessaryfor youto doso.用在强调结构中，构成强调句式被强调部分句子其余部分，可强调除谓语以外的句子其他4Itis/was++that/who/whom+成分，如，It wasthis morningthat I saw himin the street.It was I whosaw himin the street thismorning.It wasin thestreet thatI sawhim thismorning.It washim whom Isaw in thestreet thismorning.、句型2there be英语表示某时某处或某物时，常用句型，这是一种倒装结构，如，therebeThere area lotof studentsplaying on the ground.There isgoingto beatest thisafternoon.当主语有两个或两个以上时，动词常和最近的那个主语取得一致，如，beThere isa penand threepencils in the pencil-box.There isnta desk,a benchand threechairs in theroom.There arelots ofpeople likeit,arent there句型，谓语动词除之外，还可用其他表示存在，位置移动等意义的不及物动词或词组，如there be be exist,stand,lie,enter,等，如，come,happen to be,appear to beThere standsa houseat thefoot ofthe hill.句型表示“存在而表“有”、“拥有“，所以中不能换成但当表示事物的特征时,there behave there bebehave,have可用主语结构替换句型，如+have”there beThere are fivedoors in thehouse.The househas fivedoors.的其它句型therebe、1There mustbeameeting in the office.、2There have been greatchanges since

1979.、3There beingno bus,we hadtowalkhome.I.例题例1thathewent tosleep.A It was untilmidnight BThat wasuntil midnightCIt wasnot untilmidnight DThat wasnot untilmidnight解析:该题答案为强调结构时,要将否定词移到前又如改为Co untilnot until He didn*tleaveuntil twelveItwasnot untiltwelvethatheleft.彳列2Therearea lotof studentsin theclass room.A talkB talkingC talkedD to talk时间副词如等1ago,before,already,just,now,early,late,finally,tomorrow地点副词如等2here,there,near,around,in,out,up,down,back,away,outside方式副词如:等3carefully,angrily,badly,calmly,loudly,quickly,politely,nervously程度副词如等4almost,nearly,much,greatly,a bit,a little,hardly,so,very、副词比较等级的用法2其用法与形容词相似，只是副词最高级前可省略定冠词如Of allthe boyshe singsthe mostbeautifully.We mustwork harder.、某些副词在用法上的区别31already,yet,still表示某事物已经发生，主要用于肯定句；表示期待某事发生，主要用于否定句和疑问句；表示某already yetstill事还在进行，主要用于肯定句和疑问句，有时也可用于否定句如Weve alreadywatched thatfilm.I haventfinished myhomework yet.He stillworks untillate everynight.2too,as well,also,either和用于肯定句和疑问句，和多用于口语，一般放在句末，而多用于书面语，一般too,as wellalso tooas wellalso放在句中与动词连用用于否定句和否定的疑问句，往往放在句末如eitherHe went there too.He didnt go thereeither.I likeyou as well.I alsowent there.3hard,hardly意为“几乎”与在词义上完全不同如hardly hardIworkhardevery day.I canhardly rememberthat.4late,lately意为”最近、近来”,意为晚、迟”如lately lateHenever comeslate.Have youbeen to the museumlately例题IL例1Toms fatherthinks heis alreadyAhigh enoughB tallenoughC enoughhigh Cenough tall解析该题正确答案是修饰人高用而建筑物的高用并且修饰形容词要放在形容词后面因此该B tall,high,enough题选B例2the worseI seemtobe.A WhenI takemore medicineBThe moremedicine ItakeC Takingmore ofthe medicineDMore medicinetaken解析该题正确答案为句型为倒装句，可换为又如B There be Alotofstudents aretalking in theclassroom.Thereisa lotofnoise heardout in thestreet.十六省略I*要点有时为了避免重复，使语言简练紧凑，在不损害结构或引起误解的原则下，往往省去一个或多个句子成分或词语、固定习惯用词如1等No smoking!Thanks slot!简单句中的省略

2.口语中，

一、

二、三人称的主语，有时还包括谓语都可以省略如1It isNice to see you!ThisisLi Mingspeaking.所有格后的名词如为住宅、商店、工矿、教堂等可以省略如2Im goingtovisitToms house.I methim atthe tailor*s shop.两个或两个以上的动词不定式并列在一起时，第一个不定式带后面的不定式可省汝口:3to,to Hisjob isto cleanand mendthemachine.主宾语补足语中的常省略4tobeHe wasconsidered tobe the best studentintheclass.结构中可同时省略，或只省略.如5Therebetherebethere Isthere Anythingwrong表示年龄的表示钟点的等常省略如6years old,oclock,minute Whattime isit nowIts tenoclock.从句中的省略3宾语从句，以和引起的宾语从句谓语与主句谓语如相同，可省略从句中全部谓语，甚至1which,when,where,how why主语也可省略，仅保留词如wh——He will come,but wedontknowwhen hewill come.He didnt come,I wonderedwhy he didnt come.定语从句中可省略作宾语的关系代词，如2The manwhomIsawinthestreettheotherday ismy teacher.状语从句，在时间、地点、让步、方式、条件状语从句中，从句主语与主句主语一致，或从句主语是则动词3it,be及其主语常可省略如Ill tell him thatwhen it is possible.I wont go thereunless Iminvited.II.例题例弯曲反射装1A beamof lightwill notbend roundcorners unlesstodoso withthe helpof areflecting device置A madeB beingmade Chaving madeD tobe made解析该题正确答案为后省略了变成被动语态则为Ao unless itis.makesbsth dosth sth/sb bemade todo.例2While myhomework,I hearda cryfor help.A do B didC doingD havingdone解析该题答案为该空处省略了相当于如Co Im,while Tmdoing myhome work.While playingguitar,heissinging.英语语法习题检测

1.He wasa goodswimmer sohe swimtotheriver bankwhen theboat sank.A.can B.might C.could beable toD.wasableto（圣诞老人）

2.At theChristmas partySanta Clausthe presentsunder the tree.A.handed backB.handed outC.handed in D.handed to

3.Tears thelittle matchgirfs eyesas shethought ofher kindgrandfather.A.ran downB.fell downC.came toD.rolled into

4.A childcan*t learnwithout.A.to spell,helping B.spelling,helpingC.spell,being helpedD.spelling,being helped

5.Only oneman hadever beenelected Presidentfour times,Franklin D.Roosevelt.A.for exampleB.such asC.the oneof whomD.that isto say

6.1,the medicalteam ismade upof twelvedoctors.A.Altogether B.Entirely C.Completely D.Wholly

7.——.——Have a good time.A.Fve tosee thedoctor nowB.Its timefor dinnerC.I wenttotheconcert lastnightD.Tm goingto aparty now

8.The manlives ina place.That is,he livesfrom here.A.far away,far away B.faraway,farawayC.far away,faraway D.faraway,far away

9.The patientsprogress wasencouraging ashe couldget outof bedwithout help.A.nearly B.only C.hardly D.badly

10.We haveto setoff rightaway,we A.doB.dont C.have D.havent

11.The streetlights onwhen nightfalls.A.will haveturned B.will have been turningC.will beturned D.will beturning

12.n Well,inthetranslation,the worda differentmeaning/said MissDianna.A.takes onB.takes upC.looks likeD.hasalookat

13.When hewas throughhe gotup andleft.A.totalkB.tobetalked C.talking D.being talked

14.The townhas bridge.C.a fineold stoneD.an oldfine stonesA.a fineold stonesB.an oldfine stones

15.1didnt buythe apples;hegavethem to me nothing.A.with B.for C.at D.by

16.speak tome likethat again.A.Never B.Not C.Not toD.Cant

17.Egypt isthe oldestcountries inthe world.A.one B.between C.among D.inthemiddle of

18.They foughtthe endand won the end.A.in,to B.to,in C.in,inD.to,to

19.1three hourson thetext andit willme anotherhour forthe grammar.A.have spent,take B.spend,need haveC.take,spend D.need,take

20.The playput onby thestudents wasquite differentyou imagined.A.from whatB.to thatC.from whichD.to which答案1-5DBCDD6-10ADDAB11-15CACCB16-20ACBAA解析该题正确答案为形容词比较级+…，形容词比较级+…”意为越…，越…该句意为吃的药越B”the+the+多，我的病越是加重例3I haventbeen toLondon yet.I haventbeen thereA too Balso Ceither Dneither解析该题正确答案为和都用于肯定句中本身意为否定“两者都不“，而则用于否定句C AB D-neither C-either中，意为“也”例4Mr Smithwasmoved atthe news.A deepB deeplyC verydeep Dquite deeply解析该题正确答案为用于副词时，修饰具体的深，如而则修饰表示感情色彩的词，B A.deep digdeep,B-deeply如该题为另如等而和均为副词，不能互相修饰deeply moved.deeply regretD-quite deeply二介词要点I.、介词和种类1简单介词，常用的有等1at,in,on,about,across,before,beside,for,to,without复合介词，如等2by meansof,along with,because of,in frontof,instead of、介词和其他词类的习惯搭配关系2和动词的搭配，如等1agree with,ask for,belong to,break awayfrom,care about和形容词的搭配，如2afraidof,angry with,different from,good at和名词的搭配，如等.3answer to,key to,reason for,cause of,visit to、介词短语可以有自己的修饰语，这种修饰语通常有等少数几个副词3right,just,badly,all,well,directly,completely如He cameright afterdinner.He livesdirectly oppositethe school.、某些介词的意义与用法举例4表时间1at,on,in表示时间点用如等；表示不确定的时间或短期假日也用如等at,at fouroclock,at midnightat,at thattime,at Christmas指某天用如指某天的朝夕用如on,on Monday,on theendofNovember,on,on Fridaymorning,on theafternoon of等September1st指长于或短于一天的时段用如等in,intheafternoon,in February,in Summer,in1999表位置2between,among仅用于二者之间，但说三者或三者以上中的每两个之间的相互关系时，也用如between between,Im sittingbetween Tomand Alice.The villagelies betweenthree hills.用于三者或三者以上之间如amongHe isthebestamong thestudents.3beside,besidesbeside意为”在..・旁边，而besides意为除…之外如He satbeside me.What doyou wantbesides this4inthetree,on thetree指动物或人在树上，而指果实、树叶长在树上inthetree on thetree5on the way,intheway,by theway,inthis way指在路上指挡道指顺便问一句用这样的方法ontheway inthewaybytheway inthisway6inthe corner,atthecorner指在拐角内指在拐角外inthecorner atthecorner7inthe morning,onthemorning是一般说法特指某一天的早晨inthemorning onthemorning8by bus,onthebus是一般说法特指乘某一辆.by busonthebusn.例题例1Do youknow anyother foreignlanguage EnglishAexcept Bbut Cbeside Dbesides解析A、B两项except等于but,意为”除了・・.，C-beside意为”在...旁边”，不符合题意而D-besides,意为除了…之外，还有”所以该题正确答案为该题意为除了英语外，你还知道别的语言吗？D例2He suddenlyreturneda rainynight.A onB atC inD during解析我们均知道，这一短语，但如果前有修饰词，表具体的夜晚，则要用介词来修饰，故该题正at nightnight on确答案为A彳列3Im lookingforwardyour letter.AtoB inC atD on解析该题正确答案为为固定搭配，意为”期望、盼望”A look forwardto三连词

1.要点、连词的种类1并列连词用来连接并列关系的词、短语或分句，如等1and,for,or,both...and,either...or,neither...nor从属连词用来引导从句，如等2that,if,whether,when,after,as soonas除了从属连词引导状语从句外，还有其它可以用来引导从句的词类它们是连接代词和连接副词引导名词性从句，关系代词和关系副词引导定语从句、常用连词举例2和，并且land Theydrank andsang allnight.和,既...也...3both...and Bothmy parentsand Iwentthere.但是，而4but Imsad,but heis happy.或..•或...，要么...要么..5either...or.Either yourewrong,or Iam.因为6for Iasked himto stay,for I had somethingto tellhim.然而，可是7however Affirst,hedidntwant togo there.Later,however,he decidedtogo.既不...也不8neither...nor Neithermy parentsnor myaunt agreeswithyou.9notonly...butalso不但・・・而且・・・Henot onlysings well,but alsodances well.或者,否贝10or ijHurry up,or youllbe late.Are youa workeroradoctor因此，所以11so Itsgettinglate,so Imust go.虽然12although Althoughit waslate,they wenton working.一...就13as soonas Illtellhimas soonas Isee him.因为14because Hedidntgoto school,because hewas ill.除非,如果不15unless Iwontgounlessitis finetomorrow.直到…瞬间动词用于结构16untilHedidnt leaveuntil eleven.not...untilHe stayed there untileleven.当…时候,而表示对比17while后不可用瞬间动词While Istayedthere,I meta friendof mine,whileMy penis redwhile hisis blue.因为结论是推断出来的18for Hewas ill,for hedidntcome.19since自从・・・Ihave livedhere sincemy uncleleft.20hardly...when一・••就Ihadhardly gottothestation whenthe trainleft.21as far as就・・・来说As farasIknow,that countryisverysmall.You maywalk asfarasthelake.一直走到湖那里）例题例1John playsfootball,if notbetter than,David.A aswell Baswellas Cso wellD sowellas解析该题意为John踢足球如果不比David好的话，那也踢得和David一样好和.•・一样好为as wellas.故该题正确答案为B例2She thoughtI wastalking abouther daughter,,in fact,I wastalking aboutmy daughter.A whenB whereC whichD while解析该处意为“然而”，只有有此意思，故选while D例3Would youlike acup ofcoffee shallwe getdown tobusiness rightawayA.and B.then C.or D.otherwise解析该处意为“或者”，正确答案为C英语语法知识难点

（二）

（四）动词时态、语态I.要点、一般现在时1（）表示经常发生的动作或现在存在的状态，常与等时间状语连用如:1sometimes,always,often,every daySometimes,we goswimming afterschool.（）表示客观真理、科学事实等如2The earthgoes roundthe sun.、现在进行时2（）表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作，常与等时间状语连用如:1now,at presentWhat areyou doingnow（）和等连用,表一种经常反复的动作,常含有某种情感如:2always,continuallyHe isalways doinggood deeds.、现在完成时3主要表示动作发生在过去，对现在仍有影响，或动作一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去，常与just,already,so far,once,等词连用如:neverHave youeverbeento Beijing、一般将来时4表示将来某一时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与等连用如tomorrow,next yearrilmeet youattheschool gatetomorrow morning.Were goingtoseea filmnext Monday.、一般过去时5表示在过去某一时间或某一阶段内发生的动作或存在的状态，常与等词连用yesterday,last year,in1998,a momentago如It happenedmany yearsago.、过去进行时6表示过去某一时刻或某一时期正在发生的动作如What wereyou doingthis timeyesterday、过去完成时7表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作如The trainhad alreadyleft beforewe arrived.、一般过去将来时8表示说话人从过去的角度来看将来发生的动作如He saidhewouldcome,but hedidnt、被动语态9被动语态的时态，以为例give时/式一般进行完成am amhas现在is givenis beingbeen givenareare havewaswas过去given beinggiven hadbeen givenwerewereshall shall将来be givenhavebeengivenwillwill1should should过去将来be givenhavebeengivenwould wouldII.例题彳列1I learnedthat herfather in

1950.A haddied Bdied Cdead Dis dead解析该题正确答案为从句中的谓语动词动作虽然发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前，但因从句中有明确的过去时B间状语所以不用过去完成时态，而用一般过去时态in1950,例2The five-year-old girlbyher parents.A islooked Bhas lookedforC isbeing lookedfor Dhas beenlooked解析该题正确答案为在带有介词的动词短语用于被动语态句中，介词不能省，否则就变成了不及物动词短语，C而不能用于被动语态的句子中

（五）动词虚拟语气I.要点表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等一般常用于正式的书面语中、虚拟语气的构成1情景条件从句的谓语动词主句的谓语动词should+动词原形与现在事实相反动词过去式（be要用were）wouldshould与过去事实相反had+过去分词+have+过去分词would

1、动词过去时should与将来事实相反

2、should+动词原形+动词原形

3、were to+动词原形would注如果条件从句谓语动词包含有或有时可将省去，但要倒装如were had,should,could ifHad youIf youhad invitedus,we wouldhave cometo yourparty.、虚拟语气在各种从句的应用2在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、惋惜、理应如此等，其谓语形式是“可省+动词原形”，常用于以下三种句1should型中句型一It isnecessary important,natural,strange,etc that...句型二It isa pitya shame,no wonder,etc that...句型三It issuggested requested,proposed,desired,etc that...如It isstrange thathe shouldhavedonethat.It isa pitythatheshould be so careless.It isrequested that we shouldbesocareless.在宾语从句中用于等动词后的宾语从句中，2suggest,propose,move,insist,desire,demand,request,order,command表间接的命令和建议其谓语形式是动词原形”should+I suggestthatwe should goswimming.在表语从句中，表示间接的命令，要求、请求、建议、决定等，主句中的主语通常是3suggestion,proposal,request,orders,等从句谓语形式是动词原形”如idea”should+His suggestionis thatweshouldleave atonce.在同位语从句中，谓语形式是”动词原形”如4should+We receivedorder thattheworkbedoneatonce.在…句型中，其谓语动词形式是”动词的过去式或+动词原形”,不可省如5It istime thatshould shouldIts timethatwe wentshould goto school.IL例题彳列1We hadhoped thathe longer.A staysB havestayed Cstayed Dwould stay解析该题正确答案为表示“本希望”，同样用法的动词还有等，后面的句子需用虚拟语D hadhoped think,expect气例2Mary wantstoseeyou todayH.I wouldrather shetomorrow thantoday.1A comesB cameC shouldcome Dwillcome解析该题正确答案为后面的从句需用虚拟语气，用动词过去时表示B wouldrather例3Had shebeen older,she itbetter.A haddone BmighthavedoneC mightdo Dwould do解析:.故该题正确答案为Had shebeen older=If shehadbeenold Bo六短语动词I.要点英语中有许多短语动词在意义上是一个整体，其用法有的相当于及物动词，有的相当于不及物动词，有的兼有及物动词和不及物动词的特征英语短语动词的构成主要有以下六种动词+介词1常见的有等这类短语动词的宾语lookfor,look after,send for,care about,ask for,laugh at,hear offrom,add to,lead to只能放在介词后如Dont laughat others.I didntcare aboutit.动词+副词2常见的有等这类短语动词的宾语如果是名词，既可放在副词前边，give up,pick up,think over,find out,hand in,point out又可放在副词后边；宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词，则要放在副词前边如Youll handin yourhomework tomorrow.Please dontforgettohand itin.动词+副词+介词3常见的有等这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后look downupon,goon with,break awayfrom,add up to,catch upwith边如All hismoney addeduptono morethan$

100.After ashort rest,hewentonwithhis researchwork.动词+名词+介词4常见的有等这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边如take careof,make use of,pay attentionto,make funofYou shouldpay attentionto yourhandwriting.We shouldmake fulluseofour time.动词+形容词5常见的有等这类短语动词的宾语如果是名词，则宾语可放在形容词的前边，也可放在后leave open,set free,cut open边；宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词，则必须放在形容词前边如The prisonerswere setfree.He cutit open.动词+名词6常见的有等这类短语动词用作不及物动词如take place,make friendsThisstory tookplace threeyearsago.I makefriends withalotofpeople.辨析7让给，暴露和放弃，停止give awaygive up放起，收起和扑灭put awayput out（出席，放大）和（打开）turn upturn on（阻止）和（不让靠近）keep outkeep off（编造，补上）和（辨认）make upmake out（脱，起飞）和（拿出）take offtake outII.例题例1Itiswise to have somemoney forold age.A putawayBkept upC givenaway Dlaid up解析该题正确答案为意为“存“；意为“继续”；意为“分发“；贮藏”A keepup giveawaylay up“例2Heres mycard.Lets keep in.A touchB relationC connectionD friendship解析该题正确答案为为短语动词，意为“保持联系”A.keepintouch例3!Theres atrain coming.A Lookout BLook aroundC Lookforward DLook on解析该题选意为“小心A.lookout

（七）动词不定式I.要点、不定式的形式以动词为例1write式1语态主动语态被动语态一般式to writetobewritten完成式to havewritten tohavebeenwritten进行式tobewriting完成进行式tohavebeen writing、不定式的句法功能2（）作主语1To hearfrom youis nice.To beagood teacher isnot easy.不定式作主语时，为了保持句子的平衡，往往以作形式主语，而不定式置于谓语动词后如itIts niceto hearfrom you.Its noteasytobeagoodteacher.（）作宾语2通常用于等词后如want,hope,wish,like,need,hate,begin,start,remember,agree,learn,pretend,refuse,manage,helpI forgotto lockthedoor.Please rememberto writetome.（）作表语3My jobistopick upletters.He seemedtohaveheard nothing.（）作定语4不定式作定语时，须放在它所修饰的名词或代词后如Ihavetwo lettersto write.Ihavealotof worktodo.（）作宾补5。