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届北京市西城区高三一模2023英语试卷第一部分知识运用(共两节,30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题
1.5分,共15分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑carouselAs achild growing up in the1980s,Marlene Irvintook manytrips toJoyland,an amusement park inher hometownofWichita,Kansas.She gotexcited themoment her family drove into Joylands parking lot.“Thecarousel circlingat theentrance to the parkwas alwaysthe1for meJ Marlenesaid.I couldwatch thehorses for hours.,9Joyland certainlymade a/an2impression onMarlene,as shegot her“first realjob“years laterat Wichitas ChanceManufacturing,the largestmaker of amusementparkrides in the worldat thetime.Marlene startedin thefiberglassworkshop,where thecarousel horses9frames,along withparts forFerris wheels,roller coasters,and otherrides,werepieced together.She3found herway toChances art and decorationdepartment,becoming oneof thelead horseartists.Then,after workingat Chancefor nearlyfifteen years,Marlene decidedto starther ownbusiness,focusing oncarouselrestoration.Around thesame time,Joyland startedexperiencing a4in attendance.At last,to theheartbreak ofWichitans youngandold,Joyland5after more than fiftyyears ofoperation.Local preservation organizations purchased some of the parkshistoricalitems,and Joylandsthirty-six carouselhorses weredonated toBotanica,a Wichita-owned botanicalgarden.Botanica askedMarlene to6the old,broken horses,and sheaccepted thechallenge.As Marlenefinished eachhorse,Botanica7them for the public to see.Although theylooked8compared to their(辉煌)glory days at Joyland,thanks toMarlenes artisticefforts,the horsesimpressed observers even morethan theyhadbefore.When nativeWichitans sawthem,their
26.From the passage,it isclear that.A.the authorsown depressioninspired himto helpothers withmental disordersB.the authorwas surroundedby a team whourged himto furtherhis studyC.the authorsloneliness movedhim towardsthe world of biologyD.the authorfinally finishedthe lab tasks onhis own
27.What messagedoes theauthor want to expressA.Loving yourselfmakes adifference.B.Opportunity followsprepared people.C.A brightfuture beginswith asmall dream.D.The sunsomehow shinesthrough thestorm.【答案】
24.B
25.D
26.C
27.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文文章讲述了作者天生脑损伤,但仍然梦想成为一名科学家经历了重重困难,最终作者实现了自己的梦想【题详解】24细节理解题根据第一段中“I washoping to pursue a career in science,but I started towonder whetherthat would be(我希望从事不斗学方面的职业,但我开始,怀疑这是否possible.I thoughtmy dreamshad crashedto the ground.可能我以为我的梦想已经破灭了)”可知,作者的梦想是成为科学家故选B题详解】[25细节理解题根据第二段中Shortly aftermy firstbirthday,Istartedwalking and it became clear my intelligence(在我第一个生日后不久,我开始走路,很明显我的智力function wasunaffected.So,in somesense,I was lucky.功能没有受到影响所以,在某种意义上,我是幸运的)”可知,作者说他在第二段是幸运的,因为他的脑损伤没有影响他的智力故选D【题详解】26细节理解题根据第三段中“As ateenager,I faceda lotof bullyingat school.Feeling alone,I joineda studygroupcalled“The naturalworld”.I thoughtthat getting into the worldof animals would keep me away from people.Thafs how(十几岁的时候,我在学校遭遇了很多欺凌感到孤独,我加入了一个名为“自I cameinto thefield ofbiology.然世界”的学习小组我以为进入动物的世界会让我远离人类这就是我进入生物学领域的原因)”可知,从文章中可以看出,作者的孤独使他走向了生物学的世界故选C【题详解】27推理判断题根据最后一段Fve come to realizethat my hands arentthe barrierI thoughtthey were.By makinguse ofmy abilities andworking aspart ofa team,Tve been able tofollow mypassions.Tve alsorealized that theres much moreto being a scientistthan performingthe physicallabor.I maynot collectall thedata in my papers,but Imfully capableof(我开始意识到我的designing experimentsand interpretingresults,which,to me,is the most excitingpart ofscience.手并不是我想象中的障碍通过发挥我的能力和团队合作,我能够追随我的热情我也意识到,作为一名科学家,除了从事体力劳动,还有更多的事情要做我可能无法在论文中收集所有的数据,但我完全有能力设计实验并解释结果,对我来说,这是科学中最令人兴奋的部分)”结合文章讲述了作者天生脑损伤,但仍然梦想成为一名科学家经历了重重困难,最终作者实现了自己的梦想可推知,作者想要表达的是阳光总会穿过暴风雨故选DCImagine asimple blood test thatcould flagmost kinds of cancersattheearliest,most curablestage.Liquid biopsies(肿瘤)could,in theory,detect atumor well before it could befound bytouch,symptoms orimaging.Blood testscouldavoid theneed forsurgeons tocut tissuesamples andmake itpossible toreveal cancerhiding in places needlesandscalpels cannotsafely reach.They couldalso determinewhat typeof canceris takingroot tohelp doctorsdecide whattreatmentmight workbest todestroy it.Liquid biopsiesare notyet inhand,because itis hardto finddefinitive cancersignals ina tubeof blood,but progressinrecent yearshas beenimpressive.Last yearthe journalScience publishedthe firstbig prospectivestudy ofa liquidbiopsyfor DNAand proteinsfrom multipletypes of cancers.Though far from perfect,the bloodtest calledCancerSEEKfound26tumors thathad not been discoveredwith conventionalscreenings.Liquid biopsiescan relyon avariety ofbiomarkers inaddition totumor DNAand proteins,such asfree-floatingcancer cellsthemselves.But whatmakes thesearch difficult,Ana Robles,a cancerbiologist of the NationalCancerInstitute,explains,is that“if youhave anearly-stage cancer or certaintypes of cancer,there mightnotbea lotof tumorDNAJ andtests mightmiss it.The idealbloodtestwill beboth veryspecific andvery sensitiveso thateven tinytumors(突变)can befound.To tacklethis challenge,CancerSEEK looksfor cancer-specific mutationson16genes,and for eightproteins that are linkedto cancer and forwhich thereare highlysensitive tests.Simple detectionis notthe onlygoal.An idealliquid biopsywill alsodetermine thelikely locationof thecancer sothatit can be treated.Mutations are often sharedamong differentkindsofcancer,so ifyou findthem inblood,you dontknowif thatmutation iscoming froma stomachcancerorlung cancer,says AnirbanMaitra,a cancerscientist attheAnderson CancerCenter.To solvethat problem,some newerliquid biopsieslook forchanges ingene expression.Suchchanges,Maitra notes,are“more organ-specific”.On thenearer horizon are liquid biopsies tohelp peoplealready diagnosedwith cancer.Last yearthe governmentapprovedthe firsttwo suchtests,which scanfor tumor DNA sodoctors canselect mutation-targeted drugs.Scientists are(复发)working onblood teststo detectthe firstsigns ofcancer recurrencein patientswho havecompleted treatment.This work is movingfast,but doesit savelivesThat is the questioncompanies suchas Thriveand Grailmust answerfor theirbroadly ambitiousscreening tests.These companieshave toprove that they candetect earlycancer and,more important,that theearly detectioncan have animpact on cancer survival/9Maitra observes.
28.According to thepassage,liquid biopsiesare expectedtoA.flag cancerand determinethe treatmentB.detect cancersignals froma sampleof bloodC.take imagesof tumorsand preventpotential cancersD.show typesofcancerby measuringthe amount of proteins
29.What canwe learnfrom thepassageA.Signs ofcancer recurrenceare notdetectable.B.Different kindsofcancerhave differentgene mutations.C.Biomarkers aremuchmorereliable thantumorDNAand proteins.D.Organ-specific cancerswill beidentified throughchanges ingene expression.
30.The authoris mostlyconcerned aboutwhether.A.liquid biopsiescan discovertumors conventionalscreenings cantfindB.liquid biopsiescan improvethe applicationof mutation-targeted drugsC.liquid biopsiescan helpsave thelives ofthose withcancerD.liquid biopsiescan bedeveloped forcancer prevention【答案】
28.B
29.D
30.C【解析】【导语•】这是一篇说明文介绍了液体活检检测肿瘤的研究以及目前存在的一些不足之处【题详解】28细节理解题根据第——段第二句uLiquid biopsiescould,in theory,detect atumor(月中瘤)wellbeforeitcould be.(理论上,液体活检可以通过触摸、症状或成像能发现之前检测出肿瘤)”found bytouch,symptoms orimaging可知,液体活检,如血样能够检测出肿瘤故选项B【题详解】29推埋判断题根据第四段后二句To solvethat problem,some newerliquidbiopsieslook forchanges ingene(为了解决这个问题,一些新的液体活检寻找基expression.Such changes,Maitra notes,are moreorgan-specific”.因表达的变化指出,这种变化“更具器官特异性)”可推测出,器官特异性的肿瘤将能通过基因表Maitra达上的变化被识别出故选项D【题详解】30推理判断题根据最后一段最后一句“These companieshave toprove that they candetect earlycancerand,more(“这些公司必须证明他important,thattheearly detectioncan have an impactoncancersurvival,“Maitra observes.们能够检测到早期癌症,更重要的是,早期检测可以对癌症生存率产生影响说道)”推知,作者Maitra关心的是液体活检是否有助于挽救癌症患者的生命故选项CDTechnology seemsto discourageslow,immersive reading.Reading on a screen,particularly aphone screen,tiresyour eyesand makesit harderfor you to keepyour place.So onlinewriting tendsto be more skimmableand list-like thanprint.The cognitiveneuroscientist MaryWalt arguedrecently thatthis“new norm“of skimreading isproducing“aninvisible,game-changing transfbrmatiorTin howreaders processwords.The neuronalcircuit thatsustains thebrain9scapacity to read nowfavors therapid absorptionof information,rather thanskills developedby deeperreading,likecritical analysis.We shouldntoverplay thisdanger.All readersskim.Skimming isthe skillwe acquireas childrenas welearn toreadmore skillfully.From aboutthe ageof nine,our eyesstart tobounce aroundthe page,reading onlyabout aquarter of thewords properly,and fillingin thegaps byinference.Nor isthere anythingnew in these fearsabout decliningattentionspans.So far,the anxietieshave proved to be false alarms.Quite afew criticshave beenworried aboutattention spanlately and seevery shortstories assigns ofcultural declineJ theAmerican authorSelvin Brownwrote.No oneever saidthat poems wereevidence ofshort attention spans.”And yetthe Internethas certainlychanged theway weread.For astart,it meansthat there is more toread,becausemore peoplethan everare writing.If youtime travelledjust afew decadesinto thepast,you wouldwonder athow littlewritingwas happeningoutside aclassroom.And digital writing ismeant forrapid releaseand response.An onlinearticlestarts forminga commentstring underneathas soon as itis published.This modeof writingand readingcan beinteractiveand fun.But oftenit treats other peoples words as something to be quickly harvested as fodder to say something else.Everyone talksover thetop ofeveryone else,desperate to be heard.Perhaps weshould slowdown.Reading isconstantly promotedas asocial goodand sourceof personalachievement.But this advocacy oftenemphasizes“enthusiastic,passionate or“eager“reading,none ofwhich adjectivessuggestslow,quiet absorption.To aslow reader,a pieceof writingcan onlybe fullyunderstood byimmersing oneselfinthewords and their slowcomprehensionofaline ofthought.The slowreader islike aswimmer whostops countingthe number of poollaps hehasdone andjust enjoyshow hisbody feelsand movesin water.The humanneed forthis kindof deepreading istoo tenaciousforany new technology todestroy.We oftenassumethat technologicalchange cantbe stoppedand happensin onedirection,so thatolder medialike“deadtree“books arekickedout bynewer,more virtualforms.In practice,older technologiescan coexistwith newones.The Kindlehas notkilledoff theprinted bookany morethan thecar killedoff thebicycle.We stillwant toenjoy slowly-formed ideasandcarefully-chosen words.Even ina fast-moving age,there istime forslow reading.
31.What isthe authorsattitudetowards Selvin Browns opinionA.Favorable.B.Critical.C.Doubtful.D.Objective.
32.The authorwould probablyagree that.A.advocacy ofpassionate readinghelps promoteslow readingB.digitalwritingleads totoo muchspeaking andnot enoughreflectionC.the publicshould beaware of the impactskimming hason neuronalcircuitsD.the numberof Internetreaders isdeclining duetotheadvances oftechnology
33.What doesthe underlinedword tenacious“in Paragraph6probably meanA.Comprehensive.B.Complicated.C.Determined.D.Apparent.
34.Which wouldbe thebest titlefor thepassageA.Slow Reading Is Hereto StayB.Digital TechnologyPrevents SlowReadingC.Screen vs.Print:Which RequiresDeep ReadingD.ReadingIsNot aRace:The Wonderof DeepReading【答案】
31.A
32.B
33.C
34.A【解析】【导语这是一篇议论文文章主要论述了作者对于慢阅读的看法,指出了慢阅读的重要性和好处,并指出科技不能改变人们对这种深度阅读的需求【题详解】31推理判断题根据第二段中“Nor isthere anythingnew inthese fearsabout decliningattention spans.So far,theanxieties haveprovedto befalsealarms.Quite afew criticshave beenworried aboutattentionspanlatelyandsee veryshortstories assigns ofcultural declineJ theAmerican authorSelvin Brownwrote.No oneever saidthatpoemswere(对注意力持续时间下降的担忧也不是什么新鲜事到目前为止,焦虑被证明evidence ofshort attentionspans.”是虚惊一场美国作家写道“相当多的评论家最近开始担心注意力持续时间,他们认为非常短Selvin Brown的故事是文化衰落的标志从来没有人说过诗歌是注意力持续时间短的证据可推知,作者对的SelvinBrown观点持赞成态度故选A【题详解】32细节理解题根据第三段“And digitalwriting ismeant forrapid releaseand response.An onlinearticle startsforminga commentstring underneathas soonas itis published.This modeof writingand readingcanbeinteractive andftm.Butoften ittreatsotherpeopleswordsassomethingto bequicklyharvestedasfoddertosaysomethingelse.Everyone talks(数字写作意味着快速释放和反应一篇在线文章一经发表,over thetop ofeveryone else,desperate tobe heard.就开始在下面形成一个评论字符串这种写作和阅读的模式可以是互动的和有趣的但它经常把别人的话当作可以迅速收获的素材,用来说别的东西每个人都说得比别人多,渴望被别人听到)”可知,作者认同数字写作导致过多的表达,而缺乏足够的思考故选B【题详解】33词句猜测题根据画线词上文“The humanneed forthis kindof deepreading istoo”以及后文ufor anynewtechnology可知,…表示太……以至于不能……”,即人类对这种深度阅读的需求是如此坚定,任何t destroy”too…to新技术都无法摧毁故画线词意思是“坚定的”故选C【题详解】主旨大意题根据最后一段34“In practice,older technologiescan coexistwith newones.The Kindlehasnot killedoff theprinted bookany morethan thecar killedoff thebicycle.We stillwant toenjoy slowly-formed ideasand.(实际上,日技术可以与新技术共carefully-chosen words.Even ina fast-moving age,there istime forslow readingI存并没有消灭纸质书,就像汽车没有消灭自行车一样我们仍然想要享受缓慢形成的思想和精心选择Kindle的词语%即使在一个快速发展的时代,也有时间进行慢速阅读)”可知,文章主要论述了作者对于慢阅读的看法,指出了慢阅读的重要性和好处,并指出科技不能改变人们对这种深度阅读的需求因此选项“慢阅读将会持续下去”最符合文章标题故选A A第二节(共5小题海小题2分,共10分)根据短文内容,从短文中七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑选项中有两项为多余选项Adults areoften embarrassed about asking fbr aid.Its anact that can makepeople feelemotionally unsafe.35Seeking assistancecan feellike youare broadcastingyour incompetence.New research suggests youngchildren dontseek helpin school,even when they needit,for thesame reason.Untilrecently,psychologists assumedthat childrendid notstart tocare abouttheir reputationand theirfriends9thoughts aboutthemuntil aroundage nine.But ourresearch suggeststhat asearly asage seven,children beginto connectasking for help withlookingincompetent in front of others.At somepoint,every childstruggles inthe classroom.36To learnmore abouthow childrenthink aboutreputation,we createdsimple storiesand then asked childrenquestionsabout thesesituations toallow kidsto showcasetheir thinking.Across severalstudies,we asked576children,ages fourto nine,to predictthe behaviorof twokids ina story.One ofthe charactersgenuinely wanted tobesmart,andtheother merelywanted to seem smartto others.In onestudy,wetold children that both kids did poorly ona test.37The four-year-olds were equally likely to chooseeither ofthe twokidsas theone whowould seekhelp.But byage sevenoreight,children thoughtthatthekid whowantedtoseem smartwouldbe lesslikely to ask fbrassistance.And childrensexpectations weretruly“reputational“in nature-they werespecifically(thinking abouthow thecharacters wouldact in front ofothers.When assistancecouldbesought privatelyonacomputer)rather thanin person,children thoughtboth characterswereequallylikely to ask forit.38Teachers couldgive childrenmore opportunitiesto seekassistance privately.They shouldalso helpstudentsrealize asking questions infront ofothers as normal,positive behavior.39Parents couldpoint outhow achilds questionkickedoff avaluable conversationin whichthe entirefamily gotto talkand learn together.Adults couldpraise kidsforseeking assistance.These responsessend astrong signalthat otherpeople valuea willingnessto ask for aidand thatseekinghelp ispart ofa pathto success.A.Kids couldbe afraid toask their parentsforhelp.B.Seeking help could even be taught as socially desirable.C.In anotherstudy we told themthat onlyone kiddid poorly.D.Such reputational barriers likely require reputation-based solutions.E.The momentyou ask for directions,after all,you revealthat youare lost.F.But ifthey areafraid toaskforhelp becausetheir classmatesare watching,learning willsuffer.G.We thenasked which of these characters wouldbemore likelyto raise their hand infront of their class toasktheteacher forhelp.【答案】
35.E
36.F
37.G
38.D
39.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文给读者提供建议,如何解决孩子因为害怕在他人面前呈现自己的无能而不愿提问寻求帮助这一问题【题详解】35上文u Adultsareoftenembarrassedaboutaskingfbraid.Its anact thatcan makepeople feelemotionally unsafe.(成年人在寻求援助时常常感到尴尬这是一种会让人们感到情绪不安全的行为)”指出,成年人不愿意寻求帮助,是因为会让他们感到情绪不安全下文Seeking assistancecan feellike youare broadcastingyour incompetence.(寻求帮助可能会让人觉得你在散播自己的无能)”指出,寻求帮助会让人觉得你无能选项E“The moment(毕竟,当你问路的那一亥你就表明你迷路了)”延you askfor directions,after all,you revealthat youare lost.续上文,以问路表明自己的迷路这一例子呈现出为什么会让人感到情绪不安全,也呈现出下文所说的表明了“你”的无能,故符合语境故选项E【题详解】36上文“But ourresearchsuggeststhat asearly asage seven,children beginto connectasking forhelp withlooking(但我彳门的研究表明,早在七incompetent infront ofothers.At somepoint,every childstruggles inthe classroom.岁时,孩子们就开始将寻求帮助与在他人面前看起来无能联系起来在某些时候,每个孩子都在教室里挣扎)”指出,孩童也会讲寻求帮助和让他人觉得自己无能联系起来选项F Butifthey areafraidtoaskforhelp because(但是,如果他们因为同学在看而不敢寻求帮助,学习就会受到their classmatesare watching,learning willsuffer.影响)”进一步指出,如果孩子因为害怕呈现出自己的无能而不寻求帮助,这会带来不良影响故选项F【题详解】37上文.(在一项研究中,我们告诉孩子们,两个孩“In onestudy,wetoldchildrenthatbothkidsdidpoorlyonatest子在测试中都表现不佳)”指出,在一个研究中,参与者得知了有两个孩子在测试中表现不佳这一情况选项G Wethenaskedwhichof thesecharacterswouldbemorelikelytoraisetheirhandinfrontoftheirclasstoaskthe.(然后,我们问这些角色中哪一个更有可能在课堂前举手向老师寻求帮助)延续上文,继teacher forhelp”续指出这个研究的下一个动作为判断这两个孩子谁更有可能寻求老实的帮助故选项G题详解】[38下文uTeachers couldgive childrenmore opportunitiesto seekassistance privately.(教师可以给孩子们更多的机会私下寻求帮助)”指出,教师应该多私下提供机会帮助孩子们选项D Suchreputationalbarrierslikelyrequire(此类声誉障碍可能需要基于声誉的解决方案)”指出,这类问题的解决需要一些reputation-based solutions.特定的方案,下文是对这一表述的具体建议之一,故此句符合该语境要求故选项D【题详解】39上文(他们还“They shouldalso helpstudents realizeaskingquestionsinfrontofothersasnormal,positive behavior.应该帮助学生认识到在别人面前提问是一种正常的、积极的行为)”指出,要教育学生认识到在他人面前提问是正常的行为选项B uSeekinghelpcouldevenbetaughtassociallydesirable.(寻求帮助甚至可以被认为是社会所需要的)”指出寻求帮助是这会所需要的,这进一步佐证上文观点,让“在他人面前提问是正常积极的行为”这一观点根据可信度,符合语境故选项B第三部分书面表达(共两节,32分)第一节(共4小题;第
40、41题各2分,第42题3分,第43题5分,共12分)阅读下面短文,根据题目要求用英文回答问题In Martin County,Florida,two non-profit organizationshave cometogether toplant seedsof hopethroughcommunity gardening.Recently,the House of Hopecharity forthe homelessand peoplewith addictionsand othermentalhealth issuespartnered withProject L.I.F.T.an organizationthat helpsat-risk teens,to growcommunity gardens in foursmalltowns acrossthe county.The teensin Project L.I.F.T/s program-many ofthem aged14-19who arealso strugglingwith addictions,managing一mental health or legal issues visit the gardens every day after school where theygrow seeds,maintain andwater plants,harvest the produce and learn to create their own meals.They takesome ofthe producehome to their familiesbut mostissent to House of Hope forthe homelesscommunity.Beyond theneed forfood,Project L.I.F.T.hoped the gardens wouldprovide an educational opportunity for theirteens.Were tiyingto teachkids nutritionto dealwith thehealth problems——diabetes andobesity—in ourcommunity,but whenwe getinto thegarden,now theyredoing hands-on stuffthat reallyconnects.Bob Zaccheo,the executivedirectorof Project L.I.F.T.tells Guideposts,org.The gardensalso offerthe teensprofessional skillsthatcanhelp themfind worklater intheir largelyrural county.Beyond skills,this projecthas helpedthe teensfind confidenceand hopefor theirfutures.So far,the fourgardens aroundMartinCountyhave generated100pounds ofproduce forHouse ofHope andthecommunity atlarge.Although theamountoffood cantmeet thegreater needofthe area,the programis anopportunity toteachkids thatthe importanceof givingback isjust asvaluable asthe foodtheyre harvesting.“You seea majorshift inthe thinkingofthesekids JZaccheo says.You seethem giving.The kidsare learningtogive ata biggerlevel thantheyve everbeenable to giveat before.”
40.What kindof organizationis ProjectL.L.F.T.
41.What dothe teensdo whenthey visitthegardens
42.Please decidewhich partis falseinthefollowing statement,then underlineit andexplain why.The fourgardens werebuilt only to provide an educational opportunity for at-risk teens.
43.In additionto whatis mentionedinthepassage,what elsecould at-risk teenslearn throughcommunity gardeningExplainwhy.In about40words【答案】
40.An organizationthat helpsat-risk teens.
41.They grow seeds,maintain andwater plants,harvest theproduce andlearn to create theirown meals.
42.The fourgardens werebuilt toprovide aneducational ODDortunitvfor at-risk teens.The fourgardens werebuilt toprovide bothfood forhomeless people and aneducational opportunityfor at-risk teens.
43.They canlearn tocooperate witheach other better and also learn to give back the love they have received duringgardening andalso passthat energyand love to others who need help.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了弗洛里达州马丁县的两个非营利组织联合起来,帮助了无数无家可归的、有毒瘾和其他精神健康问题的人【题详解】40考查细节理解根据文章第一段Recently,the HouseofHopecharity forthe homelessand peoplewith addictionsandother mentalhealth issuespartnered withProjectL.LF.T.an organizationthat helpsat-risk teens,to growcommunity(最近,针对无家可归者、有毒瘾和其他精神健康问题的人的慈善gardensinfour smalltowns acrossthe county.机构“希望之家”与帮助高危青少年的组织项目”合作,在全县的四个小镇种植社区花园)”可知,“Lift.是一个帮助高危青少年的组织故答案为An organizationthat helpsat-risk teens.题详解】[41考查细节理解根据文章第二段“The teensin ProjectL.I.F.T sprogram-many ofthem aged14-19who arealsostruggling withaddictions,managing mentalhealthorlegalissues——visitthegardenseverydayafterschoolwherethey(参力口计划的青少年growseeds,maintain andwater plants,harvest theproduce andlearn tocreate theirown meals.一一其中许多年龄在岁之间,他们也在与毒瘾作斗争,处理心理健康或法律问题一一每天放学后都会去14-19花园,在那里他们种种子,维护和浇灌植物,收获农产品,并学习自己做饭)”可知,他们在花园里会种种子,维护和浇灌植物,收获农产品,并学习自己做饭故答案为They growseeds,maintain andwater plants,harvestthe produceandlearntocreatetheirownmeals.【题详解】42考查细节理解根据文章第二段“They takesome oftheproducehome totheir familiesbut mostis senttoHouseof.(他们把一些农产品带回家,但大部分都送到了无家可归者社区的希望之家)Hope forthe homelesscommunity”和第三段uBeyond theneed forfood,ProjectL.I.F.T.hoped thegardens wouldprovide aneducationalopportunityfor(除了对食物的需求,.项目还希望菜园能为他们的青少年提供教育机会)”可知,花园不仅仅是their teens.为了用来给高危青少年提供教育机会而建的,还用于给无家可归的人提供食物等故答案为The fourgardensowere builtonlytoprovideaneducational rpportimityforat-risk teens.The fourgardens werebuilt toprovide bothfoodfor homelesspeopleandaneducationalopportunityforat-risk teens.most9question was:Will webe able to ridethem”Even as10,they rememberedriding thehorses atJoyland whentheywere kids.Marlene alwayssmiled andanswered:Theyve beenwaiting fbryoutocome back.”
1.A.memory B.dream C.highlight D.comfort
2.A.immediate B.lasting C.accurate D.general
3.A.suddenly B.definitely C.hesitantly D.eventually
4.A.decline B.break C.boost D.return
5.A.went downC.got downB.fell downD.shut down
6.A.replace C.restoreB.rearrange D.reuse
7.A.displayed C.protectedB.moved D.advertised
8.A.modern C.attractiveB.different D.unique
9.A.basic C.commonB.unexpected D.remarkable
10.A.repairmen C.residentsB.customers D.adults【答案】l.C
2.B
6.C
7.A
8.B
3.D
4.A
5.D
9.C
10.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲的是帮助修复又旧又破的旋转木马,给人们留下了Marlene IrvinJoyland深刻的印象【题详解】考查名词词义辨析句意公园入口处的旋转木马一直是最让我激动的记忆;1A.memory B.dream梦;最好(或最精彩、最激动人心)的部分;安慰根据下文C.highlight D.comfort“I couldwatch thehorsesforhours”可知,公园入口处的旋转木马一直是最让激动的故选Marlene C【题详解】2考查形容词词义辨析句意无疑给留下了持久的印象,多年后她在Joyland MarleneWichitasChance(当时世界上最大的游乐园游乐设施制造商)得到了她的“第一份真正的工作”Manufacturing A.立刻的;持久的;准确的;普遍的根据上文immediate B.lasting C.accurate D.general“She gotexcited themoment可知,无疑给留下了持久的印象故选herfamilydroveintoJoylandsparkinglot”Joyland MarleneB【题详解】3考查副词词义辨析句意她最终进入了的艺术和装饰部门,成为主要的马艺术家之一Chance A.突然;肯定地;犹豫地;最终根据下文suddenly B.definitely C.hesitantly D.eventually“found herway toChancedartanddecorationdepartmentn可知,她最终进入了Chance的艺术和装饰部门故选D【题详解】开放性问题答案符合逻辑即可,注意字数例如他们可以学会更好地相互合作,也学会回43报他们在园艺过程中得到的爱,并将这种能量和爱传递给需要帮助的人故答案为They canlearntocooperatewith eachotherbetterandalsolearnto givebackthelovetheyhavereceivedduringgardening andalso passthat energyandlovetootherswhoneedhelp.第二节(20分)假设你是红星中学高三学生李华最近你收到英国好友的来信,得知他和朋友们骑车旅行一周的计划
44.Jim没有得到父母的许可,他感到非常沮丧请你给写一封回信,内容包括Jim.表示安慰;
1.给出建议2注意.词数左右;
1100.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数3Dear Jim,YoursLi Hua【答案】Dear Jim,Im sorryto hearthat youdidnt getyour parentspermission togo ona week-long biketrip withyour friends.Youreupset and Id like to give you some comfort and advice.As faras Tmconcerned,the mostimportant thingthat youneed donow ishaveagood conversation with yourparents,which isbeneficial toyour relationship.Besides,there isno needfor youtobedisappointed aboutthis becauseyour parents just wantto protect youfrom potentiallydangerous situation.I hopeyou willget betterin notime.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文假设你是红星中学高三学生李华最近你收到英国好友的来信,得Jim知他和朋友们骑车旅行一周的计划没有得到父母的许可,他感到非常沮丧请你给写一封回信,表示安慰,Jim并提出建议【详解】.词汇积累1失望的一disappointed/upset discouraged建议一advice suggestion有益的beneficial—helpful止匕夕卜一besides inaddition.句式拓展2同义句转换原句Youre upsetand Id liketogiveyou somecomfort andadvice.拓展句Since youreupset,Idliketogiveyousomecomfortandadvice.【点睛】[高分句型1]As faras Imconcerned,themostimportant thingthat youneed donow ishaveagood(运用了弓|导非限制性定语从句)conversationwithyour parents,which isbeneficial toyour relationship.which[高分句型2]Besides,thereisno needfor youtobedisappointed aboutthis becauseyourparentsjustwanttoprotectyou(运用了弓|导原因状语从句)from potentiallydangerous situation.because【题详解】4考查动词词义辨析句意与此同时,的入场率开始下降下降;打破;提Joyland A.decline B.break C.boost高;D.return回来根据下文u Local preservationorganizationspurchased someoftheparks historicalitems,and可矢口,的入场率开始下降故选Joylancfs thirty-six carouselhorses weredonated toBotanica”Joyland A【题详解】5考查动词短语辨析句意最终,令的老老少少心碎的是,在运营了多年后,关闭Wichita50Joyland To A.went下来;倒下;下来;关闭根据下文down B.fell downC.got downD.shut down“Localpreservationorganizations可purchasedsomeoftheparks historicalitems,and Joylandsthirty-six carouselhorses weredonated toBotanica”知,关闭了故选Joyland D【题详解】6考查动词词义辨析句意请修复这些破旧马,她接受了挑战代替;Botanica MarleneA.replace B.rearrange重新安排;修复;再次使用根据下文可知,旋转木马旧了,C.restore D.reuse“the old,broken horses”Botanica请修复这些破旧的马故选Marlene C【题详解】7考查动词词义辨析句意每完成一匹马,就把它们展示给公众看展示;Marlene Botanica A.displayed B.moved移动;保护;打广告根据下文可知,每完成一匹马,C.protected D.advertised“forthepublictosee”Marlene就把它们展示给公众看故选BotanicaA【题详解】8考查形容词词义辨析句意尽管由于在艺术上的努力,它们看起来与在的辉煌岁月相比有Marlene Joyland所不同,但它们给观察者留下的印象比以前更深刻现代的;不同的;A.modern B.different C.attractive吸引人的;D.unique独特的根据下文u comparedtotheirglory(辉煌)daysatJoy land”可知,它们看起来与在的辉煌岁月相比有所不同故选Joyland B【题详解】9考查形容词词义辨析句意当的人看到它们时,他们最常见的问题是“我们能骑它们Wichita吗?基本的;出乎意料的;常见的;非凡的根据上文A.basic B.unexpected C.common D.remarkable“the horsesimpressedobserversevenmorethanthey hadbeforen可知,当Wichita的人看到它们时,他们最常见的问题是“我们能骑它们吗?故选C【题详解】10考查名词词义辨析句意即使成年后,他们也记得小时候在骑过马修理工;Joyland A.repairmen B.customers顾客;居民;成年人根据下文C.residents D.adults“they rememberedriding thehorses atJoylandwhenthey werekids,可知,句子表示“即使成年后,他们也记得小时候在Joyland骑过马”故选D第二节共10小题;每小题
1.5分,共15分A阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用1括号内所给词的正确形式填空My nameis Barbaraand Iwork ata departmentstore.I11work therefor oneyear when another Barbara joinedthe staff.Then I changed myname tagfrom Barb”to“Barbie”.12made mefeel funnywas howsmall kidstalked aboutme.“Is shereally Barbie”they asked.Ichangedit atmy otherjob,too andbegan answeringthe phone,“This isBarbie.How canI helpyou,The callershave gottenused tothat overtime,ninety percentof13now respondwith myname:Barbie,can youtell me.Pronouncing thatlong esound forcesyour mouthinto asmile,but Ihave foundthe smileisusually returnedvoluntarily.【答案】
11.had worked
12.What
13.whom【解析】【导语•】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲的是作者在一家百货公司工作时,另一位和作者同名的人也加入进来的趣事【题详解】11考查时态句意我在那里工作了一年之后,另一个加入了工作由Barbara“whenanotherBarbarajoinedthe staff”可知,当另一个加入了工作时,“我”已经工作一年了,空格处用过去完成时表示动作发生在过去过Barbara去,因此空格处是故填had workedhad worked【题详解】12考查主语从句句意让我觉得好笑的是小孩子们怎么谈论我空格处引导的是主语从句,从句中缺少主语,此处指“小孩子们怎么谈论我”这件事,因此空格处用引导主语从句,位于句首,首字母大写,故填whatWhat【题详解】13考查定语从句句意随着时间的推移,来百货公司的的人已经习惯了,现在的人对我名字的反应是“芭90%比,你能告诉我吗?”空格处是“介词引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词是人,因此空+which/whom”callers格处用故填whom,whomB阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用1括号内所给词的正确形式填空Its saidthat forthe Englishman,his house is hiscastle.However,this doesnot meanthat hishouseisa beautifulpalacethat others14invite tosee.For theBritish,the homeisaplace toprotect oneselffrom theoutside world.Its aprivateplace inwhich hegoes tohide away15the troublesof life.To theAmerican,the homeis anexpression of16he.Much moneyis oftenspent oneach andevery room17createthe rightfbel accordingtothepersons lifestyle.Therefore,he ishappy toshow hishouse toothers.[答案]
14.are invited
15.from
16.himself
17.tocreate【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章主要讲述了“房屋”对英国人和美国人分别意味着什么【题详解】14考查动词的时态和语态句意然而,这并不意味着他的房子是一个美丽的宫殿,其他人都会被邀请来参观空处为定语从句的谓语动词,主语与为动宾关系,表示“被邀请”,故需要用到被动语态;文章thers invite为陈述客观事实,故用一般现在时态故填are invited【题详解】15考查介词句意:这是他躲避生活烦恼的私人场所结合句意,表示“躲避”为固定短语故填hideaway fromofromo【题详解】16考查反身代词句意对于美国人来说,房屋就是表达他自己的一种方式结合句意可知,空处需要填反身代词表示“美国人自己”;根据谓语动词和宾语可知,此处反身代词需要用单数形式,在性别is anexpression有男有女时,用代指故填himself himself【题详解】17考查非谓语动词句意通常会在每个房间都花很多钱,以根据人们的生活方式来创造一种合适的“感觉”分析句子结构,谓语动词为故空处需要填非谓语的形式;结合句意,表示“来……”为目的,故用is spent,to不定式的形式故填do tocreateC阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白1处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空Smoke jumpersare firefighters,trained to fight firesinplacesthat fireengines cantreach.They travelin smallplanesand,18use aparachute jumpinto remotewild areastofightfires.Smoke jumpershave torespondquickly.While afire isstill small,the pilot19drop teammembers into theareaas needed.Their firstjob maybe to builda fireline tostop thefire fromspreading.Water issent downto them.Smoke jumpersmust be20high trained,veryexperienced andextremely fit.Their jobis verydangerous.【答案】
18.using
19.drops##will drop
20.highly【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文介绍了跳伞灭火工作人员的工作方式,内容和条件题详解】38考查非谓语动词句意他们乘坐小型飞机旅行,并使用降落伞跳入偏远的荒野地区灭火分析句子成分可知,本句的谓语动词为和,连词为故提示词应为非谓语动词照应主语,为逻“travel”“jump”“and”,“They”辑上的主动关系,故用形式作方式状语故填doing using【题详解】19考查谓语动词句意当火势还很小时,飞行员会根据需要将队员空投到该地区分析句子成分可知,本句为引导的时间状语从句,主将从现,故主句应用一般将来时另外,本句也可理解为客观描述,“While”可用一般现在时故填drops/will drop【题详解】20考查副词句意跳伞灭火员必须训练有素,非常有经验和非常健康根据空前后为谓语动词“mustbe可知,应为副词修饰动词故填trained”highly第二部分阅读理解(共两节,38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分,共28分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑Dear Teachersand Parents,This June,during FinancialLiteracy Month,we havesome toshare.In2015,a freeonline financial education coursenamed FutureSmartwas introducedto middleschool students,specifically targetingthis groupatatime intheir liveswhen financialhabits takehold andgrow.Fast forwardto today,FutureSmart,available inEnglish andSpanish,has reachedover13,000schools across all50states.More thantwo millionstudents havecompleted the course,with almosthalf comingfrom low-to-moderateincome families.But wearent stoppingthere.We promiseto reachfour millionmore studentsby theend of
2025.Why Becausethis momentcalls forbrave action.Never beforehave moneymanagement andinvestment decisionsbeenso easyto conductat anytime orplace throughthe useofasmartphone.It istime tooffer studentsmore criticalfinancialliteracy educationto encouragethem tomake goodfinancial decisionsonadaily basisas theymake theirwaythrough acomplex world.From weighingopportunity coststo delayinginstant satisfactionfor long-term financial gain,FutureSmart educates模拟our youthusing hands-on simulationsto introduceconcepts likedaily financialdecisions andthe rewardsoflong-term planning.Teaching younglearners how to buildsolid financialfoundations isan importantstep in buildingfinancially healthycommunities.Although our workis farfrom complete,we knowthat FutureSmartworks.And itworks exceptionally well.In thelargest studyof itskind,supported bythe MassMutualFoundation andEVERFI,the UniversityofMassachusetts DonahueInstitute UMDIrecently concludedthat90%of studentssaw astatistically significantandeducationally meaningfulincrease inknowledge aftertaking theFutureSmart course.Whats more,these resultswere consistentacrossallstudent demographicsincluding race,age,gender,school year,and socioeconomicstatus.We havea longway togo toreach everysingle middleschool student,but wewelcome thechallenge.Together,ourteams havestarted amovement toprovide equalaccess tofinancialeducation,and weinvite othersto joinus.Visit^etfutu resmart comto learnmore andsee howyou canbring FutureSmarttotheyoung peoplein yourlife.MICHAEL FANNINGRAY MARTINEZHeadof MassMutualUS Presidentand Co-Founder ofEVERFI
21.The courseFutureSmart.A.is offeredin twodifferent languagesB.requires skillfulsmartphone operationC.has beenbought bya largenumberofschoolsD.targets studentsfrom low-to-moderate incomefamilies
22.How doesFutureSmart introducefinancial conceptsA.By establishingfinancially healthycommunities.B.By managingopportunities andrewards.C.By simulatingreal-life situations.D.By delayingfinancialgain.
23.After takingthecourse,the studentsshould beableto.A.improve theiracademic performanceB.accept financialchallenges atany timeC.understand peoplefrom variousbackgroundsD.build astable financialfoundation forthe future【答案】
21.A
22.C
23.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文一门名为的免费在线金融教育课程被介绍给了中学生,该课程专门FutureSmart针对这一群体,旨在教年轻人如何建立坚实的财务基础题详解】[21细节理解题根据第三段首句Fast forwardto today,FutureSmart,available inEnglish andSpanish,has reachedover(快进至今天,有英语和西班牙语版本,已经覆盖了美国个13,000schools acrossall50states.lj FutureSmart50州的多所学校)”可知,课程以两种不同的语言提供故选13000FutureSmart A题详解】[22细节理解题根据第六段首句“From weighingopportunity coststo delayinginstant satisfactionfor long-term financial(模拟)gain,FutureSmart educatesour youthusing hands-on simulationsto introduceconcepts likedaily financial(从权衡机会成本到为了长期财务收益而推迟即时满足,decisions andthe rewardsof long-term planning.通过实际模拟教育我们的年轻人,介绍日常财务决策和长期规划奖励等概念)”可知,FutureSmart FutureSmart通过模拟现实情况引入金融概念故选C【题详解】23推理判断题根据第六段末句“Teaching younglearners howtobuildsolid financialfoundations isan importantstep(教年轻人如何建立坚实的贝才务基础是建立贝才务健康社区的重要inbuildingfinancially healthycommunities.一步)”以及第七段u Althoughourworkisfarfromcomplete,we knowthat FutureSmartworks.And itworks(虽然我们的工作还远未完成,但我们知道是可行的而且效果非常好)”exceptionallywell.FutureSmart可知,课程是为了教年轻人如何建立坚实的财务基础,且效果非常好所以,学习完课程后,学FutureSmart生应该能够为未来建立一个稳定的财务基础故选DBI wassitting ina chemistrylab classduring my first yearof university,nervous aboutthe experimentwewere toperform.I grabbeda pipetteand,as Ifeared,myhandstarted toshake.The experiencewas disheartening.I washopingtopursueacareerinscience,but Istarted towonder whetherthat wouldbe possible.I thoughtmy dreamshadcrashed totheground.I wasa boyborn withbrain damage.My familymanaged tofind gooddoctors wherewe lived,in Leningradnow St.Petersburg,Russia,andItook partin clinicaltrials testingnew treatments.Shortly aftermyfirstbirthday,I startedwalkinganditbecameclearmyintelligencefunction wasunaffected.So,in somesense,I waslucky.Still,I couldntdosome thingsgrowingup.Both handsshook,especially whenI wasnervous orembarrassed.My lefthand wasmuch worsethanmy right,so Tlearned towrite anddo simpletasks with my righthand,but itwasnt easyto doanything precisely.As ateenager,I faceda lotof bullyingat school.Feeling alone,I joineda studygroup called“The naturalworld”.Ithought thatgettingintotheworldof animalswouldkeepmeawayfrompeople.Thats howI cameintothefield ofbiology.At university,I enjoyedthe lecturesinmyscience classes.Many labtasks provedimpossible,however.As Istruggledwithmymood,I reada bookabout depression.From thenon,the physiologyof mentaldisorders becamemyscientific passion.I lookedinto whatwas beingdone locallyand wasexcited todiscover alab thatdid behavioralexperimentsin ratsto studydepression.At theend ofmy secondyear,I approachedthe professorofthe lab tosee whetherI couldwork withher.I wasafraidto admitI couldntdo somelabtasks.To myrelief,she wascompletely supportive.She setmetowork performingbehavioralexperiments forothers inthelabwith thehelp ofcolleagues.I lovedthe supportiveatmosphere andstayedthere tocomplete mymasters andPh.D.Ive cometo realizethat myhands arentthe barrierI thoughttheywere.By makinguseofmyabilitiesand workingaspart ofateam,Tve beenabletofollow mypassions.Ive alsorealized thattheres muchmoretobeinga scientist thanperformingthe physicallabor.I maynot collectall thedata inmy papers,but Imfully capableof designingexperimentsand interpretingresults,which,to me,isthemost excitingpart ofscience.
24.What wasthe authorsdreamA.To livea normallife.B.To becomeascientist.C.To geta mastersdegree.D.To recoverfrom depression.
25.The authorsaid hewasluckyin Paragraph2because.A.he didntlose thefunction ofboth handsB.he learnedhowtowalk atthe ageof oneC.his familycould affordtoseegood doctorsD.his braindamage didntaffect hisintellectual capacity。