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平谷区学年度高三年级第二学期质量监控2022-2023英语试卷注意事项
1.本试卷共12页,包括三部分,满分100分考试时间90分钟
2.在答题卡上准确填写学校名称、班级和姓名
3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效
4.在答题卡上,选择题用2B铅笔作答,其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答
5.考试结束,请将答题卡交回第一部分知识运用(共两节,30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题
1.5分,共15分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑One day,while homelessJohn wasasking formoney,he meta womannamed GladysKamande.She hadcollapsedlungs that gave her shortness ofbreath andshe]relied onsome medicalinstruments tobreathe.Not onlythat,she had212surgeries,one ofwhich causedher togo blind.After knowingher situation,Johns eyes3with tears.Then,despite nothaving theresources tosupport himself,John foundhis ownway to help her.He4into hispocket and gave her what little money he had.At thattime,John hadnoidea justhow5he was!A passerbynamed Njogu6the wholeprocess.asked him why he decided to give the only money he had,“Njogusaid.“He toldme heopted togive becauseeven ifhe sufferedthe same,others wouldsupport him.Struck bywhat thelittleboy did,Njogu sharedstories andphotos of the heartwarming7on socialmedia.Soon Johnsstory spreadacross social media andgenerous strangersfrom allaround the world begandonatingmoney in an effortto help.In fact,enough was raised to8the treatmentGladys neededin India.But thatsnot where the goodnews ends.Johns simple9helped himget into a childrenshome.Finally,this sweetboy wasadopted,giving hima family.John andGladys wereboth able to getthe helpand thebond theyformed thatcrucial daycontinues on.It justgoesto showthat alittle10can goa longway!
1.A.randomly B.seldom C.occasionally D.constantly resultis Camp(沉浸式的)Courage,an immersiveprogram forgirls aged15to19who want to learnmore aboutfirefighting,(其结果就是“勇气营”,这是一个面向至岁的女孩的沉浸式项目,她们paramedicine andpolice work.1519想要了解更多关于消防、医疗护理和警察工作的知识)”可知,创办“勇气营”是帮助更多的女性从Speranza事像她这样的工作故选C【题详解】26细节理解题根据第四段中uCampers mustsubmit anessay describinghow theyplan tohelp theircommunity,or aspecific individual in need.And theyhave todeliver on the plan—from buildinga bench for asenior at a bus stop to(营员必须提交一篇短文,描述他们计划如何帮助他们的社区,launching a local chapter of the Kids Help Phone.或有需要的特定个人他们必须实现这个计划一一从在公交车站为一位老人建一张长椅,到在当地成立一个儿童帮助电话分会)”可知,营员们需要提交一份计划,然后付诸行动才能通过勇气营故选Do【题详解】27推理判断题根据第一段中“Andrea Speranzawanted to be a firefighter longbefore shehad theright wordfor herwish.(早在找到合适的词来表达她的愿望之前,安德里亚・斯佩兰萨就想成为一名消防员)”以及第二段中“In2000,(年,实现了成为一名消防员的梦想)”及全Speranza fulfilledher dreamof becominga firefighter.2000Speranza文可知,不但通过努力实现了自己的梦想,并且她创办了“勇气营”,帮助很多女性成为消防和急Speranza救人员所以我们从文章中学到的是“心之所愿,无事不成”故选CCAsk a smart home device for the weatherforecast and it takesseveral secondsfor the device torespond.This latency(延时)occurs asconnected devicesdont haveenough memoryor powerto store and run the enormousmachine-learning modelsneeded for the deviceto understandwhat a user is asking ofit.The modelis stored in a datacenter that may be hundreds of miles away,where the answer iscomputed andsent to the device.MIT researchershave createda newmethod forcomputing directlyon thesedevices,which drasticallyreduces thislatency.Their techniqueshifts thesteps ofrunning amachine-learning modelto a central serverwhere componentsof the(纤维光学),model areencoded ontolight waves.The wavesare sent to aconnected deviceusing fiberoptics whichenablestons ofdata tobe sentlightning-fast througha network.The receiverthen employsa simpleoptical devicethatrapidly performscomputations usingthe partsof amodel carriedby thoselight waves.This techniqueleads tomore thana hundredfoldimprovement inenergy efficiencywhen compared to othermethods.It couldalso improvesecurity,since ausers datado notneed tobe transferredto acentral locationfbrcomputation.This methodcould enablea self-driving carto makedecisions inreal-time whileusing justa tinypercentageof theenergy currentlyrequired bypower-hungry computers.It couldalso allowauserto have a latency-freeconversation with their smarthomedevice,be usedfor livevideo processing,or evenenable highspeedimageclassification ona spacecraftmillions ofmiles fromEarth.“Every timeyou want to runa neuralnetwork,you have to runthe program,and how fast youcan runthe programdependson howfast youcan pipethe programin frommemory.Our pipeis massive-it correspondsto sendinga fullfeature-length movieover the internet everymillisecond orso.That ishowfastdata comesinto oursystem.And itcancompute asfast asthat J says professorDirk England.The neuralnetwork architectureinvolves storingweights in acentralserver thatis connectedto anovel pieceof(芯;片),hardware calledasmart transceiver.This smart transceiver,a thumb-sized chipcan receiveand senddata.Moving forward,the researcherswant to update thesmarttransceiverchip to achieve evenbetter performance.
28.Whafs theparagraph1mainly aboutA.The causeof thelatency.B.The effectof thelatency.C.The advancedsmart device.D.The modelsstoredin adata center.
29.How doesthis newmethod reducelatencyA.By improvingthe partsof amodel.B.By usingoptics tospeed upcomputations.C.By computingdirectly inremote datacenters.D.By inventinga newmachine-learning model.
30.The authormentions aself-driving carto.A.introduce the impact of the latencyB.explain howdata isquickly computedin thissystemC.demonstrate thetechniques energysaving andsafetyD.highlight theusers satisfactionwith modemtechnology
31.What canwe inferfrom thispassageA.The newtechnique will be furtherimproved.B.Optics needstobedeveloped andused urgently.C.The newcomputing architectureis veryperfect.D.The techniquewas developedto sendmovies over the internet.【答案】
28.A
29.B
30.C
31.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章介绍了一种利用光学来加快计算速度从而减少延迟的新技术【题详解】28主旨大意题根据第一段最后两句(延时)This latencyoccurs asconnected devicesdont haveenough memoryorpower tostoreandruntheenormous machine-learning modelsneeded for the deviceto understandwhat auser isaskingof it.The modelis storedinadatacenterthatmaybehundredsofmilesaway,wherethe answer iscomputed andsentto(这种延迟发生的原因是,连接的设备没有足够的内存或能力来存储和运行庞大的机器学习模型,thedevice.而设备需要这些模型来理解用户的要求该模型存储在可能数百英里外的数据中心,在那里计算答案并发送到设备)”可知,第一段主要是讲延迟的原因故选A【题详解】29细节理解题根据第二段最后两句(纤维光学),The wavesare senttoaconnected deviceusing fiberoptics whichenablestons ofdata tobe sentlightning-fast througha network.The receiverthen employsa simpleoptical devicethat(这些电波通过光纤传输到连rapidly performscomputations usingthe partsof amodel carriedby thoselight waves.接的设备上,这使得大量数据能够以闪电般的速度通过网络传输然后,接收器采用一个简单的光学装置,利用这些光波携带的模型部分快速执行计算)”可知,这种新方法利用光学来加快计算速度,从而减少了延迟故选B【题详解】30推理判断题根据第三段前两句This techniqueleads tomore thana hundredfoldimprovement inenergy efficiencywhencomparedtoother methods.It couldalso improvesecurity,since ausers datado notneed tobe transferredtoa与其他方法相比,这项技术使能源效率提高了一百倍以上它还可以提高安central locationfor computation4全性,因为用户的数据不需要传输到中心位置进行计算)”可知,作者提到了一辆自动驾驶汽车以展示该技术的节能和安全性故选C【题详解】31推理判断题根据最后一段最后一句uMoving forward,the researcherswanttoupdate thesmarttransceiverchip to(展望未来,研究人员希望更新智能收发器芯片以获得更好的性能)”可知,achieve evenbetter performance.这项新技术将得到进一步改进故选ADThe coronaviruspandemic hascreated anenvironment forresearch onsocial connection.One of the mostcommonareas of inquiry over the past couple of years was how our sudden mass shift to digital communication—away fromface-to-face—affected overallsocial connectedness.Researchers studiednearly3,000adults duringthepandemics early months and found thatemail,social media,online gaming,and textingwere notfungiblefor in-personinteractions.Voice andvideo calls,were somewhat better.Social connectedness isa key to happiness.Lower it,and you will beworse off-and sowill yourloved ones,especially yourkids.One2014survey revealedthat62percent ofU.S.children thoughttheir parentswere toodistractedto listento them.The No.1reason wasparents phone use.It isclear thatscrolling orsurfing willreduce socialconnection:You dothem insteadof interacting.Virtualcommunications such as texting are bydesign interactiveand shouldtheoretically beless harmful.However,textmessages cantconvey emotionvery well,because we cant hearor seeour conversationalpartners.These technologies(像素化的)are toin-person interactionswhat ablack-and-white,pixelated versionof theMona Lisais to the realthing;identifiable,but incapableof producingthe sameemotional effects.With communicationson line,we tendto hopfrom personto personand thusswap depthfor breadth.However,research hasshown thatdeeper conversationsbring morewell-being thanshort communications.Meanwhile,inarecentstudy,teens whotexted moreoften thantheir peerstended to experience moredepression,more anxietyand poorerrelationshipswith theirfathers.It mightseem strangethat wewould voluntarilyadopt technologiesthat hurtour happiness.One of the explanations(无所事事)is convenience.Vegetating infront ofa screenis simplyeasier thantalking witha person,and virtualcommunicationssuch astextingarefaster andeasier thana visitor aphone call.Think of these technologiesasgrab-and-go foodat aconvenience store:Ifs notgreat,but itsure iseasy-and afteryou eatenough microwavefoods,youforget what the realthing tasteslike.In all,for mostof us-especially peoplewho grewup withit-theinternetis anunquestioned partof theecosystemof life.Quitting thevirtual communicationsfrom ourlife isclearly notthe answer.Since were not goingback tolifebefore this kind of technology,we canand shoulduse itmindfully inservice oflove.
32.What doesthe underlinedword“fungible“most probablymeanA.Responsible.B.Changeable.C.Reliable.D.Replaceable.
33.As forvirtual communications,the authoris.A.disapproving B.doubtful C.supportive D.cautious
34.Which would be thebest titleforthe passageA.Virtual CommunicationDoes LittleHarm toPeopleB.Technology CanMake YourRelationships ShallowerC.Quitting VirtualCommunication IsJust around the CornerD.Technology Createsa GoodEnvironment forDeeper Conversations【答案】
32.D
33.D
34.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文冠状病毒大流行为研究社会联系创造了环境过去几年,我们对数字通信(远离面对面交流)如何影响整体社会联系进行了研究,研究表明,技术会使人际关系更加生疏【题详解】32词句猜测题根据第一段“Researchers studiednearly3,000adults duringthe pandemicsearlymonthsandfoundthatemail,socialmedia,online gaming,and textingwerenotfungible forin-person interactions.Voice andvideo calls,were.(研究人员在疫情初期对近名成年人进行了研究,发现电子邮件、社交媒体、在线游戏somewhatbetter3000和短信无法面对面的互动语音和视频通话稍微好一些)可知,研究表明面对面的互动(如语音fungible和视频通话)要更好一些,说明电子邮件、社交媒体、在线游戏和短信无法替代面对面的互动,由此可推知,划线单词与项“(可替代的)”意思一样,故选fungible DReplaceable.D【题详解】33推理判断题根据最后一段中uQuitting thevirtual communicationsfrom ourlife isclearly nottheanswer.Since were.(从我们的not goingback tolife before this kind oftechnology,we canand shoulduse itmindfully inservice oflove生活中退出虚拟交流显然不是解决问题的办法由于我们不会回到这种技术出现之前的生活,我们可以而且应该谨慎地使用它来服务于爱情)”可知,虚拟交流虽有缺点,但是从我们的生活中退出虚拟交流显然不是解决问题的办法,我们应该谨慎对待,由此可推知,作者对于虚拟交流是持谨慎的态度,故选D【题详解】34主旨大意题第一段中“One of the mostcommon areasofinquiryover thepastcoupleofyearswashowoursudden(过去几年最massshifttodigitalcommunication—away fromface-to-face—affected overallsocial connectedness.常见的研究领域之一是,我们突然大规模转向数字通信(远离面对面交流)如何影响整体社会联系)”指出我们对数字通信(远离面对面交流)如何影响整体社会联系进行研究;根据第二段u Socialconnectednessisakey tohappiness.Lower it,and you will beworse off-and sowill yourloved ones,especially yourkids.One2014survey revealedthat62percent ofU.S.children thoughttheir parentswere toodistractedto listento them.The No.1reason wasparents9phoneuse.(社会联系是幸福的关键降低它,你会变得更糟一一你所爱的人,尤其是你的孩子也会变得更糟年的一项调查显示,的美国儿童认为他们的父母过于201462%心烦意乱,不愿意听他们说话第一个原因是父母使用电话)”和第三段中It isclear thatscrolling orsurfing will(彳艮明显,滑动手机或者网上冲浪会减少社交联系reduce socialconnection:You dothem insteadof interacting.你做这些而不是互动)”指出研究结果技术会使人际关系更加生疏;文章最后提出解决办法,即根据最后一段中uQuitting thevirtual communicationsfrom ourlife isclearly nottheanswer.Since werenot goingback tolife.(从我们的生活中退出虚拟交流before thiskind oftechnology,wecanand shoulduse itmindfully inservice oflove显然不是解决问题的办法由于我们不会回到这种技术出现之前的生活,我们可以而且应该谨慎地使用它来服务于爱情)”可知,我们对数字通信(远离面对面交流)如何影响整体社会联系进行研究,研究表明,技术会使人际关系更加生疏,项“科技可以让你的人际关系更浅薄”适合做文章标题,故选B B第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,共10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑选项中有两项为多余选项Coral reefs are the rainforests of the ocean.They existon vastscales and are equallyimportant havensofbiodiversity.Reefs occupy
0.1%ofthe oceans.35Corals areuseful topeople.Without theprotection whichreefs affordfrom crashingwaves,low-lying islandssuchas theMaldives wouldhave floodedlong ago,andabillion peoplewould losefood orincome.However,reefs areunder(海藻)threat fromrising seatemperatures.Heat causesthe algaewith whichcorals areliving together to generatetoxins(毒素)that force those coral to leave.36Research groups aroundtheworld are coming up with plans of action to see if that will help,such asidentifyingnaturally heat-resistant coralsand cross-breeding suchcorals tocreate anew type.37Without carbonreduction anddecline in local,coral-killing pollution,even resistant corals willnot survivethe century.Doubters doubthumanity willget its act togetherin timeto makemuch difference.38Carbon targets are being set and ocean pollution is being dealt with.Countries thatshareresponsibilities for reefs are starting to act together.Scientific workaroundscan alsobe found.Natural cuiTentscan beapplied to facilitatemass breeding.Sites ofthe greatestecological andeconomical importancecan beidentified tomaximize bang for buck.39It couldserve asa blueprintfor other ecosystems.Hard-core greens-those whothink that all habitatsshouldbe keptunspoiled——may notapprove.But whenentire ecosystemsare facingdestruction,the costof doingnothingis toogreat to bear.A.This cancause acorals death.B.But thereare groundsfor optimism.C.And theyhost aquarter ofmarine species.D.Corafs globalecosystem servicesare worthup to$10tm ayear.E.This mixof naturalactivity andhuman interventionis important.F.This researchcan alsobe broughttobearon tryingto saveentire ecosystems.G.However,the assistedevolution ofcorals doesnot meetwith universalenthusiasm.【答案】
35.C
36.A
37.G
38.B
39.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文珊瑚礁对海洋生态系统和人类至关重要,但是珊瑚礁正受到海水温度上升的威胁,研究人员正在采用自然活动和人为干预相结合的措施进行保护【题详解】35木艮据前文u Coralreefsaretherainforestsoftheocean.They existon vastscales andare equallyimportant havensof.(珊瑚礁是海洋中的热带雨林它们规模庞大,同样是生物多样性的重要避风港)可知,此处biodiversity”是讲珊瑚礁是海洋生物多样性的重要避风港,所以选项“它们是四分之一海洋物种的家园”切合文意C故选C【题详解】36根据前文(海藻)(毒素)“Heat causesthe algaewith whichcorals areliving togetherto generatetoxins thatforcethose.(高温会导致与珊瑚共生的藻类产生毒素,迫使珊瑚离开)可知,此处是指这种情况会导致coraltoleave”珊瑚死亡所以选项”这会导致珊瑚死亡”切合文意故选A A题详解】[37根据前文u Researchgroupsaroundtheworldarecomingupwithplansofactionto seeifthat willhelp,such as.(世界各土也的研究小identifying naturallyheat-resistantcoralsand cross-breeding suchcorals tocreate anew type组正在制定行动计划,看看这是否会有所帮助,比如识别天然耐热珊瑚,并对这种珊瑚进行杂交,以创造一种新的珊瑚)和后文”“Without carbonreduction anddeclineinlocal,coral-killing pollution,even resistantcorals will(如果不减少碳排放,不减少对当地珊瑚造成伤害的污染,即使是有抵抗力的珊瑚也无not survivethe century.法在本世纪存活)”可知,此处是指珊瑚的辅助进化并没有受到普遍的支持,所以选项“然而,珊瑚的G辅助进化并没有受到普遍的支持”切合文意故选G【题详解】38本艮据后文u Carbontargets arebeing setand oceanpollution isbeing dealtwith.Countries thatshare responsibilities(碳排放目标正在制定,海洋污染正在处理对珊瑚礁负有共同责任的国家forreefsarestarting toact together.开始共同行动)”可知,此处是指情况也有好的趋势,所以选项“但我们有理由感到乐观”切合文意B故选B【题详解】39根据前文u Carbontargetsarebeingsetandoceanpollution isbeingdealtwith.Countries thatshare responsibilitiesforreefs arestartingtoacttogether.Scientific workaroundscan alsobe found.Natural currentscan be appliedtofacilitatemass breeding.Sites ofthe greatestecological andeconomical importancecan beidentified tomaximizebangforbuck.(碳排放目标正在制定,海洋污染正在处理对珊瑚礁负有共同责任的国家开始共同行动科学的变通方法也可以找到自然水流可用于促进大规模繁殖可以确定最具生态和经济重要性的地点,以最大限度地降低成本)和后文它可以作为其他生态系统的蓝图)”可知,”It couldserve asa blueprintfor otherecosystems4此处是指这种自然活动和人为干预的结合很有好处,所以选项“这种自然活动和人为干预的结合很重要”E切合文意故选E第三部分书面表达(共两节,32分)第一节(共4小题,第
40、41题各2分,第42题3分,第43题5分,共12分)阅读下面短文,根据题目要求用英文回答问题(化妆品),Mussels inPort PhillipBay aretaking inmicroplastics usedin cosmeticsThe microplasticstravel frombathroom sinks to theocean,where theyare easilyconfused withseaweeds.Because the mussels cannot tell thedifference,they takein the plastic alongwith theirnormal dietof seaweeds.According toresearcher DrCharlene Trestrail,the plasticdoesnt affectmussels directly,but itdoes reduce theirability to digest the real food.It meansthey missout onenergy andnutrients,which affectstheir ability to grow andreproduce.Besides beinga tastytreat forhumans,mussels playan importantrole inkeeping marineecosystems healthy,“DrTrestrail said.And because ofthe reduced ability to grow and reproduce,we couldsee a drop in mussel populations,with knock-on effectsfor othermarine wildlife.^While environmentalcampaigners haveworked hardto reducethe amountof plasticin theoceans fromeasilyvisible itemssuchasshopping bagsand packaging,most peopleare notaware oftheimpactof microbeadsand otherhiddenplastics inproducts includingtoothpaste orbath scrubs.“We knowlots abouthow plastics affect animalsexternally-weve allseen photosof birdsand turtlestwisted inplastic-but this is the first studyto investigatehow tinyplasticsaffectanimals stomachsJ DrTrestrail said.There hasbeen apush inrecent yearsto reducemicroplastic pollution.But while the Government has supported(淘汰)phasing out microbeads,some cosmetics industries stopped short of banning their use.We needto takepollution frommicroplastics seriously.Because theyreso small,once theyrein theecosystem theyareimpossible toremove.The onlysolution isnot touse themin the first place.mussel
40.Why domussels eat microplastics
41.What willeventually happento musselsif theyeatmicroplasticsmistakenly
42.Please decidewhich partis falsein the following statement,then underlineit andexplain why.The firstthing tosolve microplastic pollution isnot touse microplastics and some cosmetics industriesagreed to stop using microbeads.
43.Please brieflypresent yourown solutionsto theplastic pollutionproblem inyour dailylife.In about40words【答案】
40.Because microplasticsare easilyconfused withseaweeds,and the mussels cannot tell thedifference.##Because themicroplastic getsmixed upwith theseaweeds onwhich musselslive andthey cannottell thedifference.##Because themussels cannottell the difference betweenmicroplastics andseaweeds.
41.The musselspopulation willdrop.##We cansee adrop in themusselspopulation.##Because ofthe reducedability togrow and reproduce,we couldsee adrop inmussel populations,with knock-on effectsfor othermarine wildlife.##Aftereating microplastics,it willaffect their ability to growand reproduce.##It does reduce their ability todigest the real food.It meansthey missout onenergy andnutrients,which affectstheir ability to growand reproduce.
42.The firstthing tosolve microplastic pollutionisnot touse microplasticsand some cosmeticsindustries agreedto stop淘汰using miciobeads.According tothepassage,whilethe Governmenthas supported phasing outmicrobeads,somecosmetics industries stoppedshort ofbanning theiruse.That meansthey didntagree tostopusingmicrobeads.
43.Some solutionsfor studentsto reduceplastic pollutioninclude usingreusable waterbottles,bringing reusablebagsand containersfor lunchesand snacks,avoiding single-use plastics,properly disposingof plasticwaste,and supportingenvironmentally-friendly policiesand initiatives.【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章介绍了微塑料对菲利普湾港的贻贝的影响微塑料被贻贝误食后会降低它们的消化能力,影响它们的生长和繁殖能力贻贝在海洋生态系统中扮演重要角色,它们数量下降会对其他海洋野生动物产生连锁反应虽然政府支持淘汰微塑料,但一些化妆品行业仍在使用最终解决方案是从源头上避免使用微塑料【题详解】40考查细节理解题根据第一段“The microplasticstravel frombathroomsinkstotheocean,where theyare easily(微塑料从浴室水槽进入海洋,在那里它们很容易与海藻混淆)”可知贻贝误食微塑confused withseaweeds.料的原因在于他们分辨不了塑料故答案可写为Because microplasticsare easilyconfused withseaweeds,and themussels cannottell the difference.Because themicroplastic getsmixed upwith theseaweeds onwhich musselslive andtheycannottellthedifference.Because themusselscannottellthedifference betweenmicroplasticsandseaweeds.题详解】[41考查细节理解题根据“theplasticdoesnt affectmussels directly,but itdoesreducetheir abilitytodigest thereal food.(根据研究人员It meansthey missout onenergy andnutrients,which affectstheirabilityto growand reproduce.博士的说法,塑料不会直接影响贻贝,但会降低它们消化真正食物的能力这意味着它们错Charlene Trestrail过了能量和营养,从而影响了它们的生长和繁殖能力)”和“becauseofthe reducedabilityto growand reproduce,(由于生长和繁殖能力下we couldsee adrop inmussel populations,with knock-on effectsfor othermarine wildlife.降,我们可能会看到贻贝数量下降,对其他海洋野生动物产生连锁反应)故答案为The mussels9populationowill drop.We cansee adrop in themusselspopulation.Because ofthereducedabilitytogrowandreproduce,we couldseeadropinmusselpopulations,with knock-on effectsfor othermarine wildlife.After eatingmicroplastics,it willaffecttheir abilitytogrowandreproduce.lt doesreducetheirabilitytodigesttherealfood.It meansthey missout onenergy andnutrients,which affectstheirabilitytogrowandreproduce.【题详解】42考查推理判断题根据倒数第二段“There hasbeen apush inrecent yearsto reducemicroplasticpollution.But while(淘汰)theGovernmenthassupportedphasingoutmicrobeads,somecosmeticsindustriesstoppedshortofbanningtheir.(近年来,人们一直在努力减少微塑料污染但是,尽管政府支持逐步淘汰微塑料,一些化妆品行业没有use禁止使用)可知他们没有同意故”somecosmeticsindustriesagreedtostopusing
2.A.cut throughB.gone through C.checked onD.got away
3.A.welled B.moved C.wept D.cried
4.A.touched B.picked C.reached D.grabbed
5.A.talented B.proud C.special D.right
6.A.witnessed B.confirmed C.monitored D.sought
7.A.spot B.moment C.guidance D.works
8.A.spare B.adjust C.cover D.pack
9.A.strategy B.habit C.prediction D.interaction
10.A.kindness B.courage C.determination D.passion【答案】l.D
2.B
3.A4,C
5.D
6.A
7.B
8.C
9.D
10.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文流浪儿约翰为了帮助重病缠身的格拉迪斯・卡曼德捐出了自己仅有的钱,目睹了这一切的路人在社交媒体上分享了这一感人时刻的故事和照片,这引起了全世界许多好心人的关注,筹Njogu集的资金足以支付格拉迪斯在印度所需的治疗费用,约翰也被收养,有了一个家【题详解】1考查副词词义辨析句意她的肺萎陷导致呼吸急促,她总是依靠一些医疗器械来呼吸随机地;A.randomly很少;偶尔;总是根据B.seldom C.occasionally D.constantly“She hadcollapsed lungsthatgavehershortnessofbreathv可知,此处是指她总是依靠一些医疗器械来呼吸故选D【题详解】2考查动词短语辨析句意:不仅如此,她还经历了次手术,其中一次导致她失明刺穿;12A.cut throughB.gone经历;检查;离开根据可知,此处指throughC.checked onD.got awayone ofwhich causedhertogo blind她还经历了次手术故选12B【题详解】3考查动词词义辨析句意知道她的处境后,约翰热泪盈眠(液体)流出,涌出;移动;A.welled B.moved哭泣,流泪;哭喊根据可知,此处是指约翰热泪盈眶故选C.wept D.cried“with tears”A【题详解】4考查动词词义辨析句意他把手伸进口袋,把仅有的一点钱给了她触碰;采,摘;A.touched B.picked C.伸,伸手;攫取,抓住根据可知,此处是指他把手伸进口袋故选reached D.grabbed“into hispocket”C【题详解】5考查形容词词义辨析句意在那个时候,约翰不知道他是多么正确!有天赋的;骄A.talented B.proud microbeads.这部分是错的【题详解】43考查开放性问题只要符合实际就可以学生减少塑料污染的一些解决方案包括使用可重复使用的水瓶,携带可重复使用的袋子和容器作为午餐和零食,避免使用一次性塑料,妥善处理塑料废物,以及支持环保政策和倡议故为Some solutionsfor studentsto reduceplasticpollutioninclude usingreusable waterbottles,bringingreusable bagsand containersfor lunchesand snacks,avoiding single-use plastics,properly disposingof plasticwaste,第二节and supportingenvironmentally-friendly policiesand initiatives0假设你是红星中学高三学生李华你的英国好友听说直播购物在中国很流行,发
44.Jim live-stream shopping来邮件询问相关信息请你给他回复邮件,内容包括.你是否通过直播进行过购物;
1.你对直播购物的看法或感受2注意,词数左右;
1100.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数3Dear Jim,Yours,Li Hua【答案】Possible versionDearJim,Youre quiteright aboutlive-stream shoppingbeing popularin China.Td liketo sharesomething aboutit withyou.I oftenbuy thingsthrough live-stream shopping.For me,purchasing productsthrough livestreaminghas alreadybecome a habit.Firstly,itsamore time-saving alternativethan goingto malls.Besides,the broadcastsenable ustocommunicate withthe seller face-to-face,which isan advantageover onlybrowsing theintroduction pages.Ifs justlikeshopping intherealstores.Third,it enablesconsumers to have amore intuitiveand comprehensiveunderstanding oftheproducts.More importantly,it hasalso createdmillions ofjobs andboosted E-commerce andexpress industry.How aboutyour live-stream shoppingin BritainLooking forwardto yourreply.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文,假如你是李华,你的英国好友听说直播购物()Jim live-stream shopping在中国很流行,发来邮件询问相关信息请你给他回复邮件,内容包括你是否通过直播进行过购物;你对直播购物的看法或感受【详解】.词汇积累1选择alternative—option/choice止匕夕卜Besides-In addition使能够enable-capacitate全面的一comprehensive overall.句式拓展2简单句变复合句原句I oftenbuy thingsthrough live-stream shopping.拓展句I oftenbuy thingsthrough live-stream shopping,which hasmany benefits.【点目青][高分句型(运用了11For me,purchasing productsthrough livestreaminghas alreadybecome ahabit.动名词作主语•)[高分句型]2Besides,the broadcastsenable usto communicatewiththesellerface-to-face,which isan advantage(运用了引导的非限制性定语从句)over onlybrowsing theintroduction pages.which傲的;特殊的;正确的根据前文可知,此处是指约翰C.special D.right“andgaveherwhatlittlemoneyhehad”不知道他是多么正确故选D【题详解】6考查动词词义辨析句意一位名叫的路人见证了整个过程见证;证实;Njogu A.witnessed B.confirmed C.监视;寻找根据后文(我问他为monitored D.sought“I askedhimwhyhedecided togivetheonlymoneyhehad什么决定捐出他仅有的一点钱)”可知,此处是指一位名叫的路人见证了整个过程故选NjoguAo【题详解】7考查名词词义辨析句意在社交媒体上分享了这一感人时刻的故事和照片地点;时Njogu A.spot B.moment刻;C.guidance指南;D.works工作根据aNjogu sharedstories andphotos可知,此处是指这一感人时刻的故事和照片故选B【题详解】8考查动词词义辨析句意事实上,筹集的资金足以支付格拉迪斯在印度所需的治疗费用抽出,拿A.spare出(时间、金钱等);调整;足够支付;打包根据可知,此处是B.adjust C.cover D.pack enoughwasraised”指筹集的资金足以支付格拉迪斯在印度所需的治疗费用故选C【题详解】9考查名词词义辨析句意约翰简单的互动帮助他进入了一个儿童之家策略;习A.strategy B.habit惯;预言之事,预报之事;互动根据前文C.prediction D.interaction“Then,despite nothaving theresources to(然后,尽管没有资源养活自己,约翰还是找到了自己的方support himself,John foundhis ownway tohelp her.法来帮助她)”可知,此处是指约翰简单的互动故选D【题详解】10考查名词词义辨析句意这只是表明,一点善意可以走很长的路!善意;勇气;A.kindness B.courage C.决心;激情根据前文determination D.passion“Then,despite nothaving theresources tosupport himself,John found(然后,尽管没有资源养活自己,约翰还是找到了自己的方法来帮助她)”可知,此处his ownway tohelp her.是指一点善意可以走很长的路故选A第二节(共10小题;每小题
1.5分,共15分)A阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空()Elle Gianelliwanted to put asmile onthe facesoftheseniors who11live innursing homes.So she found acreativeway to do that.Born outof herlove forwearing sillysocks onthe golfcourse,Elle GianellilaunchedSocks4Seniors,12raise moneyvia GoFundMe.When13ask whatthe moneywas for,she explainedit wouldbe usedtopurchase bright,patterned socksand thoughtfulnotes for all seniorsin assistedliving facilitiesinthecountry.【答案】
11.lived##were living
12.raising
13.asked【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章介绍了为了改善养老院老年人的生活做出的努力Elle Gianelli【题详解】11考查一般过去时或过去进行时句意想让住在养老院老年人脸上露出笑容根据Elle Gianelli“Elle Gianelli可知,此处应用一般过去时也可以理解为正在住在养老院的状wanted toput asmile onthe facesoftheseniors态,所以也可用过去进行时,主语代指先行词为复数故填who seniors,lived/were livingo【题详解】12考查现在分词句意:由于喜欢在高尔夫球场上穿傻傻的袜子,创立了并通过Elle GianelliSocks4Seniors,网站筹集资金动词意为“筹集”,和谓语之间没有连词,和主语构成主动关系,GoFundMe raiseElle Gianelli所以应用现在分词作状语故填raising【题详解】13考查状语从句的省略句意当被问及这笔钱的用途时,她解释说,这笔钱将用于为该国所有生活在辅助生活设施中的老年人购买明亮的图案袜子和贴心的便条在引导的时间状语从句中,当从句主语和主句主when语相同时,可以省略从句的主语和系动词动词意为“询问”,和主语构成被动关系,所以应用过去分词ask形式故填askedB阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空Scientists inAustralia havebuilt anew batteryusing sodium-sulphur,a typeof saltfrom seawater.The batterycanstore fourtimes moreenergy thana standardlithium batteryand wouldbe cheapto make14sea saltis widelyavailable.It isalso betterfortheenvironment thanother batteries,15use raremetals suchas lithium.Sea-salt batterieshave beenmadebefore butthisiseasily thebest modelso far.The teamwill continueworking onthe ideabeforethiskindofthebatteries16go onsale.【答案】
14.as##because
15.which
16.goes【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文澳大利亚的科学家利用海水中的一种盐——硫酸钠制造了一种新的电池文章主要介绍了这种电池的好处【题详解】14考查连词句意这种电池可以储存比标准锂电池多四倍的能量,而且由于海盐的广泛使用,制造成本较低空处引导状语从句,表示原因,应用引导原因状语从句,故填as/because as/because【题详解】15考查定语从句句意它也比其他使用稀有金属如锂的电池更环保空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词指物,且关系词在定语从句中作主语,应用来引导,故填other batteries,which which【题详解】16考查时态句意在这种电池上市销售之前,这个团队将继续研究这个想法此处在引导的状语从句before中作谓语,主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表示将来,主语为单数,且和主语thiskindofthebatteries,是主动关系,应用的第三人称单数形式,故填g ggoesC阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空Now,at HailangRiver innortheast ChinasHeilongjiang Province,dozens ofChinese merganserducks arepreparingto migratesouth.Chinese merganserduck isan17danger speciesunder class-one stateprotection.In recentyears,the provincehas beefedup measures18restore forests,wetlands andotherecosystems.China hasestablished49nature reserves19a total area of2,561,300hectares.Thanks tothese efforts,the localpopulation ofChinese mergansers20grow fromaround adozen tonearly100overthepast fewyears.【答案】
17.endangered
18.to restore【解析】
19.with
20.has grown【导语】这是一篇说明文文章介绍了国家一级保护濒危物种秋沙鸭的保护现状【题详解】17考查形容词句意秋沙鸭是国家一级保护的濒危物种根据可知,此处是指under class-one stateprotection”秋沙鸭是濒危物种,所以应用形容词表示“濒危的”作定语故填endangered endangered题详解】18考查动词不定式句意近年来,该省加强了恢复森林、湿地和其他生态系统的措施意为“措施”,measure为抽象名词,所以应用不定式作后置定语故填to dotorestore【题详解】考查介词句意中国已建立自然保护区个,总面积万公顷根据
1949256.13“China hasestablished49naturereserves和totalareaof2,561,300hectares^可知,此处是指“带有,具有“,所以应用介词故填witho with【题详解】考查现在完成时和主谓一致句意由于这些努力,在过去的几年里,当地的中国秋沙鸭的数20量已经从十几只左右增加到近只根据可知,此处应用现在完成时主语100“overthepast fewyears”population为第三人称单数故填has grown第二部分阅读理解(共两节,38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分,共28分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑Enjoy thefamily-friendly adventure at Dino Park inMyrtle Beach!This excitingmuseum givesguests the chance tocomeface-to-face withlife-sized dinos!These beastshave avast historythat willspark imagination and allow visitors ofall ages to enjoy educationalfun.During yourself-guided adventurethrough DinoPark,you will be treatedtoup-close viewsat dazzling(电子动画)animatronics ofyour favoritescaly dinosaurs.There aremore than20life-sized dinosaursto discover.Alongthe way,youwillbe ableto learnabout someawesome dinofacts andget your fill of prehistoric fun!Additionally,visitors willbe ableto enjoyCGI footagethat givesa glimpseinto thelives ofthe dinos.It is theperfect wayto learnall aboutthe dinosaursthrough interestingfacts andhands-on activities.Throughout themuseum arevariousfacts aboutthe dinosaursdisplayed oninformative andcolorful posters.DinoParkactivitiesDino Explore Pit:The kidswill havea blastdiving intothe Dino ExplorePit!This ballpit features100,000ballsoffering tonsof roomto bouncearound.It isa funattraction forallages toenjoy.Dig aDino Fossil:Become areal-life archaeologistas youput yourdigging skillstothetest!Look outfor someawesomefossils asyou searchforthenext greatestdinosaur discovery.Ride aTyrannosaurus:This funanimatronic rideis perfectfor kidswho wanttoexperiencesome thrillingfun!Climb aboard for an action-packed ridethat youwont soonforget.Play Area:Kids willenjoy burningoff someextra energyattheplayground area.The playgroundfeaturesdino-themed puzzlefloors,bright picturesonthewalls,and playequipment featuringa slideand dinosaursthey canclimbon.So,whether youare alongtime dinosaurlover orwanttobring thekids tosee somemoving dinopark exhibits,youare sureto havea greattime here!
21.At DinoPark,visitors.A.can feelthe joyof prehistorictimesB.willbetaught animatronicsface tofaceC.willbe abletofind theperfect waytoseeCGI filmD.can participatein hands-on postermaking activities
22.Which ofthefollowingwill remainfresh inthe mindsof kidsA.DinoExplorePit.B.Dig aDino Fossil.C.Ride aTyrannosaurus.D.Play Area.
23.What isthe purposeofthepassageA.To introducea varietyof life-sized dinosaurs.B.To recommenda museumwith educationalfun.C.To comparethe differentactivities atthe DinoPark.D.To providearchaeologists withsome cluesabout dinosaurs.【答案】2LA
22.C
23.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文文章对默特尔海滩的迪诺公园进行了介绍题详解】[21细节理解题根据第二段最后——句Along theway,youwillbeableto learnabout someawesome dinofacts andget(在此过程中,您将能够了解一些令人敬畏的恐龙事实,并获得史前乐趣!)”可知,yourfillofprehistoricfun!在公园,游客可以感受到史前时代的欢乐故选Dino A【题详解】细节理解题根据第六段最后——句22Ride aTyrannosaurus Climbaboardforanaction-packed ride(登上这趟惊险刺激的旅程,你不会很快忘记)”可知,“骑暴龙”会让孩子们记that youwon,t soonforget忆犹新故选C【题详解】23推理判断题根据第一段“Enjoy thefamily-friendly adventureat DinoPark inMyrtle Beach!This excitingmuseumgives gueststhechanceto comeface-to-face withlife-sized dinos!These beastshaveavast historythatwillspark(在默特尔海滩的迪诺公园享受适合家庭的冒险imaginationandallowvisitorsof allagestoenjoy educationalfun.吧!这个令人兴奋的博物馆让游客有机会与真人大小的恐龙面对面!这些动物有着丰富的历史,将激发想象力,让所有年龄段的游客都能享受教育的乐趣)”可知,这篇文章的目的是推荐一个具有教育意义的博物馆故选BBAndrea Speranzawanted tobeafirefighter longbefore shehad theright wordfor herwish.After onechildhood(嵌入)adventureat a construction site ended with an iron nail embedded in her leg and an emergency call tothe firedepartment,she foundherself inawe.As theygave methe medicaltreatment,I thought,they couldhelp everybodyanddo anythingJsays the now52-year-old.In2000,Speranza fulfilledher dreamof becomingafirefighter.Her jobwas exactlyas fulfillingas sheimagined it一wouldbe,except forone thing;she stillhadnt seenanother womanin herrole notinamagazine,not ontelevision,notin reallife.Speranza decidedtohelp young women see that they,too,could havea careerlike hers.(沉浸式的)The resultis Camp Courage,an immersiveprogram forgirls aged15to19who wantto learnmoreabout firefighting,paramedicine andpolice work.In2006,Speranza welcomedthefirst17participants.Over thecourse,the girlsdiscover theins andouts ofbeing first responders:learning howtoputout fires,delivering firstaid andso on.氐消)CampCouragenow nunsone sessionevery yearand isfree toattend.To offsetG costs,Speranza fundraisesbyholding everythingfrom carwashes tocomedy nights.Campers mustsubmit anessay describinghow theyplan to一help theircommunity,oraspecificindividualinneed.And theyhavetodeliver onthe planfrom buildinga benchfora senioratabus stopto launchingalocalchapteroftheKidsHelpPhone.While CampCourage isdesigned tohelp morewomen becomefirstresponders,Speranza alsohas another,biggerobjective inmind:building leaders.If theycan deliver a mechanicalbaby orclimb ahundred-foot ladder,theyre notgoingtohavea problemgoing througha jobinterview/9says Speranza.Its acomplete changein mindset,anditworks79Now hundredsof girlshave passedthrough CampCourage andsome ofthem workas firstresponders now.Speranza feelsa senseof achievement.The opportunityto recruitother girlsto savelives alongsideher keepsher going.Ws noteven measurable.
24.What inspiredSperanza tobecomeafirefighterA.Her dreamnow.B.A childhoodaccident.C.The lackof femalefirefighters.D.A firefighter^encouragement.
25.Why didSperanza decideto startCamp CourageA.To trainthe girlsto takethefirstaid course.B.To completean immersiveprogram aboutfirefighting.C.To assistmore femalesto takeup somejobs like hers.D.To motivatemore femalesto standon theirown feetinthefuture.
26.What docampers havetodoto passthrough CampCourageA.Raise moneyto payoff thecost.B.Submit anessay anddeliveraspeech.C.Build abenchforthe disabledatabusstop.D.Hand ina planand thenput itinto action.
27.What canwe learnfrom thepassageA.Ups and downs makeone strong.B.Every noblework isat firstimpossible.C.Nothing isimpossible fora willingheart.D.Joint effortisthekeytosolving problems.【答案】
24.B
25.C
26.D
27.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,文章主要讲述了加拿大的一位女性消防员由于自己所在的领域AndreaSperanza,女性很少,她创办了“勇气营”,帮助很多女性成为消防和急救人员【题详解】24细节理解题根据第一段中(嵌“After onechildhood adventureataconstructionsiteendedwithanironnailembedded入)inherlegandanemergencycalltothefiredepartment,shefoundherself inawe.“As theygave methe medical.(童年时,她在建筑工地treatment,I thought,they couldhelp everybodyanddoanything,saysthenow52-year-old经历了一次冒险,结果腿上嵌了一颗铁钉,她给消防部门打了紧急电话,这让她感到敬畏“当他们给我治疗时,我想,他们可以帮助所有人,做任何事情,”现年岁的她说)”可知,童年的一次意外经历使她想52成为一名消防员故选B【题详解】25细节理解题根据第二段中u Speranzadecidedtohelpyoungwomenseethatthey,too,could havea careerlikehers.(决定帮助年轻女性认识到,她们也可以拥有像她一样的事业)”以及第三段中Speranza“The。