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名校版高考英语阅读理解精2023读含答案Every fouror fiveyears,vast quantitiesof warmwater buildupalong thewest coastof SouthAmerica.This phenomenon,El Nino(厄尔尼诺),creates stormsthat causedevastating floods.Theresult iscostly.In2017,for instance,El Ninoshut downnorthernPerus sugar-cane business.(坚忍地).Modern farmersview ElNino stoicallyThey usemoneysaved ingood yearsto rebuildin badones.But historysuggests itneednot belike that.In apaper publishedrecently,Ari Caramanica,an archaeologistat Universityof thePacific,in Lima,shows howitused to be done.And theanswer seems tobe,better.Dr Caramanicaand hercolleagues have been studyingthePampa de Mocan,a coastaldesert plainin northernPeru.Pampade Mocanis notideal forfarming.Its soilcontains littleorganicmatter and the annualrainfall innon-Niho yearsis usuallyless thantwocentimetres.Todays farmerstherefore dependon canalstocarry waterfrom localrivers to their fields.It hadbeen assumedthat ancientfarmers hada similararrangement-and sothey did.But Dr Caramanica alsofound eightcanalsthat couldcarry waterfar beyondthe rangeof modernfarms.Since theclimate wassimilar tothe presentdays whenthese canalsweredug,andtheriver nohigher,she supposedthat theywereintended toguide thefloodwater arrivingduring Ninoyears.(基础设施)Around aquarter of the ancientagricultural infrastructureofthis areaseemstohavebeenbuilt onlyfor managingNiho-generated floodwater.Evidence revealsthat Pampa de Mocanproduced lotsof cropsfinsome years.DrCaramanicas teamalso discoveredtwo cisterns(蓄水池)in thearea.These,possibly,were usedto storefloodwater.These findingssuggest that,rather thanresisting ElNino,earlyfarmers in PampadeMocan wereready tomake useof itwhen itarrived.Precisely howthey managedtheir fieldsin Ninoyearsremains tobe discovered.But modernfarmers mightdo welltolearn fromthem.
1.What dowe knowabout ElNino fromthe textA.It can be usedin farming.B.It isusually causedby floods.C.It haslittle influenceon business.D.It isalways resistedas adisaster.
2.What madethe farmsinPampadeMocanproductiveA.Rich soil.B.Agreeable climate.C.Abundant rainfall.D.Agricultural constructions.
3.Whafs theauthors attitudetotheancient waysof dealingwithEl NinoA.Approving.B.IndifferentC.Critical.D.Negative.
4.Which of the followingcanbethe besttitle forthe textA.Surviving ElNinoB.Living withEl NinoC.Farming inDifferent Times・D Learningfrom HistoryAD ABA studyshowed thatthe experienceschildren havein theirfirstfew yearsare important.These experiencesaffect thedevelopmentof thebrain.When childrenreceive moreattention,they oftenhavehigher IQs.Babies receiveinformation whenthey see,hear andfeelthings,which makesconnections betweendifferent partsofthe(万亿)brain.There area hundredtrillion connections in thebrain ofathreeyearold child.Researcher Judit Gervain testedhow goodnewborns areatdistinguishing differentsound patterns.Her researchersproducedimages ofthe brainsof babiesas theyheard differentsound〃patterns.For exampleone orderwas mubaba.This isthe patternz〃ABB.Another orderwas mubage.This isthe pattern〃〃ABC.The imagesshowed thatthe partofthebrain responsible〃for speechwas moreactive duringthe ABB”pattern.This showsthatbabies cantell thedifference betweendifferent patternsJheyalsowere sensitiveto whereit occurredin theorder.Gervain isexcited bythese findingsbecause theorder ofsoundsis thebuilding blockof wordsand grammar.Position iskey toJ/zlanguage shesays.If somethingis atthe beginningor atthe end,it makesa bigdifference:John caughtthe bear/is verydifferent〃from Thebear caughtJohn/Researchers led by scientistPatricia Kuhlhave foundthatlanguage deliveredby televisions,audio books,the Internet,orsmartphones-no matterhow educational-doesn tappear tobe7enough forchildren sbrain development.They carriedout astudyof ninemontholdAmerican babies.They expectedthe firstgroupwho dwatched videosin Chineseto showthe samekind oflearningas the second groupwho werebrought faceto facewiththe samesounds.Instead theyfound ahuge difference.The babiesin thesecondgroup wereable todistinguish betweensimilar一Chinese soundsas wellas nativelisteners.But theother babiesregardlessof whetherthey hadwatched thevideo orlistened totheaudio-learned nothing.
8.What makesconnectionsina babys brainA.Having ahigher IQ.B.Experiencing newinformation.C.The babys earlyage.D.The connectionwith otherbabies.
9.What didJuditGervainand herteam findintheexperimentA.Babies canidentify differentsound patterns.B.Word orderis relevantto meaning.C.Babies canwell understanddifferent words.D.A certainbrain regionprocesses language.
10.What doesthe underlinedsentence meanin Paragraph3A.Grammar isimportant inlearning languages.B.Different ordershave differentmeanings.C.Different languageshave differentgrammar.D.Words havedifferent sounds.
11.What isthe mainconclusion fromthe studyledbyPatriciaKuhl7A.Babies shouldnt watcha lotof television.B.Listening todifferent languagesdevelops babiesbrains.C.Foreign languageshelp babiesbrains develop.7D.Social communicationimproves babiesbrain development.B AB D。