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代词重难点分析代词是代替名词或代替起名词作用的短语或句子的词大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词、疑问代词、指示代词、相互代词和关系代词八种代词类别例词功能人称主格I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they作主语代词宾格me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them作宾语物主形容词性my,your,his,her,its,our,your,their作定语代词名词性mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,yours,theirs作主语、宾语、表语反身代词作宾语、表语、同位语myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves不定代词视情况而定，一般可作定some,any,no,either,neither,all,none,each,somebody,语、主语、宾语等no one,everybody,much,many,other s,another等疑问代词可作主语、宾语、定语等what,who,whose,whom,which,whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever等指示代词this,that,these,those作主语、宾语、定语、表语相互代词each other,one another作宾语关系代词that,who,whom,whose,which等连接定语从句下面举例说明其用法，其中疑问代词见“专题12句子种类”，关系代词见“专题13定语从句”
一、人称代词的用法
1.作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格如She teachesus English.她教我们英语
2.在句中作表语，常用宾格，但有时用主格如—Who isit谁呀？—It sme.是我It wasI whotold himabout it.是我告诉他这件事的（强调句型）
3.it的用法用法说明例句1作人称代词，指代前面提到的事物This isnot mybook.It isMary s.这不是我的书，是玛莉的一What sthis这是什么？一It sa dictionary.这是一2替代指75代词this或that本字典—Whose jacketis that那是谁的夹克？一It ishers.是她的3一Who isknocking at the door谁在敲门？一It sme.是我指人The babyno morecried assoon asit sawits mother.刃个婴儿一看到他她的妈妈就不哭了4一What sthe timenow现在几点钟？一It sten pasteight.8:10oIt sgetting colderand coldernow.现在变得越来越冷了指时间、距离、天气、环境等It sabout tenminutes walkfrom myhome tothe school.从我家到学校步行大约要十分钟It isvery quietatthemoment.目前很安静5指代前面整个句子的内容Our teamwon thefootball match.Have youheard aboutit我们队赢得了足球赛你听说了吗？6I willappreciate itif you can giveme ahand.如果你能帮我一个忙，我将十分感激表示“喜欢、恨”等心理方面的动词，I hateit whenpeople talkwith theirmouths full.我不喜欢人们后面跟it后再跟从句，其从句作it的满嘴是食物的时候说话同位语I like it in autumn whenthe weatheris clearand bright.我喜欢秋天，那时候的天气晴朗7（未指明但谈话双方心里都明白的）How isit=your life/your workgoing情况怎样那件事、那种情况一Do youlikeithere你喜欢这里吗？一Oh,yes.The air,theweather,the wayof life.Everything isso nice.【我,当然这里的空气、天气、生活方式一一一切都是这么的美好8It还可用作形式主语•、形式宾语以代It simpossible toget there in time.及时到达那儿是不可能的替主语从句、宾语从句、不定式短语、I findit strangethat shedoesn,t want to go.我发现她不想去，动名词短语等真奇怪
二、物主代词的用法
1.形容词性物主代词一一作定语This isour classroom.这是我们的教室His fatheris anengineer.他父亲是位工程师
2.名词性物主代词所作成分例句主语This isher coat.Mine isover there.这是她的上衣，我的在那边宾语Something hasgone wrongwith mybike.May Iuse yours我的自行车出了点毛病，我能用你的吗？表语This bookisn,t mine;its Toms.这本书不是我的，是汤姆的注意1英语中必须有形容词性物主代词，而汉语中往往省略不译如Jack tookoff hiscoat andwent to bed.杰克脱掉外套就上床睡觉了2“of+名词性物主代词”可用作定语如Some friendsof minewill attendmy birthdayparty.我的一些朋友将出席我的生日聚会
三、反身代词的用法所作成分例句1宾语动宾Tom taughthimself Chinese.汤姆自学汉语介宾She lovesme for myself,not formy money.她喜欢的是我，不是我的钱2表语She isnot quiteherself today.她今天有些不舒服3同位语I myselfcan repairthe bike,我自己会修自行车The tableitself hasonly threelegs.这张桌子本身只有三条腿
四、指示代词的用法
1.时空的差别如There isthis seathere,near me,or thereis thatone in the fourthrow.Which willyou have,this orthat靠近我的这个座位，还是第四排的那个座位，你选哪一个，这个还是那个
2.this和that在行文叙述上的差别如I shallsay thisto you:he isa poorman.我要跟你说的是，他是一个可怜的人He wasill.That swhy hedidn te.他生病了，那就是没来的原因
3.that和those用于表比较的结构如The weatherof Zhangjiangis better than thatof myhometown.湛江的天气比我家乡的好TV setsmade inNanjing arebetter thanthose madehere.南京生产的电视机比在这里生产的电视机好
4.打时this表示我，that表示你
五、不定代词的用法可数one,each,many,both,another,either,neither,a few不可数much,a little可数/不可数none,any,other,all,some复合不定代词anyone,anybody,anything,someone,somebody,something,everyone,everybody,everything,no one,nobody,nothing
1.none,no one与nothing的用法区别1none既可指人，也可指物，且一定是特定概念，常用来回答how many/much引导的疑问句；no one只能指人，且只能是泛指概念，常用来回答who引导的疑问句；nothing什么也没有，否定一切，常用来回答what引导的疑问句如—How manypeople aretherein the roomnow现在房间里有多少人？一None.一个人都没有一Who isin theroom谁在房间里？一No one/Nobody.没有人一Whats inyour schoolbag你书包有啥呢？一Nothing.啥都没有2none后面可力口of弓I导的介词短语，而something/anything/everything/nothing/someone/anyone/everyone/no one却不能如It isnone ofmy business!这不关我事
2.each与every的用法区别1each强调“个体”，具有代词和形容词的作用；every强调“全体”，只能作定语each作同位语时，不影响谓语动词的数不可用not each来表示部分否定，而用not every表示部分否定如The ticketseach costten dollars.这些票每张要10美元each作同位语2every还可表示“每……的、每……中的”,下列说法中只能用eveiyevery yearor two每一两年every nowand then时常every otherday每隔一天one carto every20people每20人乘一辆车Choose oneout ofevery tenboys.每10个男孩中选一个
4.both,all,either,any,neither与none的用法区别都任何都不两者both eitherneither两者（以上）all anynone如I hadto buyall thesebooks becauseI didnt knowwhich onewas thebest,我不得不把这些书都买下来，因为我不知道哪一本最好It iseasy todo therepair.All youneed isa hammerand somenails.做这个修理工作彳艮容易你所需要的是一把锤子和一些钉子I invitedJoe andLinda todinner,but neitherof themcame.我邀请乔和琳达吃晚饭，但是他们两个一个都没来一Which of the threeways shalltake tothe village三条路中哪一条通往那个村子？一Any wayas youplease.任何一条都可以We hadthree setsof thegarden toolsbut weseemed tohave nouse forany.我们有三套园艺工具，但是我们没有怎么使用它们
5.one,ones,the one,the ones,that与those的用法区另Uone用来替代前面出现的单数名词，是泛指概念，相当于“a/an+单数名词”；ones用来替代前面出现的复数名词，有时可用that代替（尤其在有后置定语的情况下）；the ones用来替代前面特指的复数名词，有时可用those代替（尤其在有后置定语的情况下）；that用来替代前面出现的特指的单数可数名词或特指的不可数名词，相当于“the+单数/不可数名词”如Mr.Zhang gavemeavery valuablepresent,one（=a present）that I have neverseen.张先生给了我一件十分珍贵的礼物，这件礼物是我从未见过的Mr.Zhang gaveme manyvaluable presents,ones（=many presents）that I have neverseen.张先生给了我许多珍贵的礼物，它们是我从未见过的The bookon thedesk isbetter thanthat/the oneunder thedesk.桌子上的那本书比桌子下的那本好The bookson thedesk arebetterthanthose/the onesunder thedesk.桌子上的那些书比桌子下的那些好考点练透
一、单句填空用适当的代词填空，使其意思和结构完整
1.We couldn,t eatinarestaurant becauseof ushad moneyon us.
2.I hopethere areenough glassesfor eachguest tohave.
3.Although he is wealthy,he spendson clothes.
4.一Can youe onMonday orTuesday一I amafraid dayis possible.
5.If youwanttochange fora doubleroom,you willhave topay15dollars.
6.—Shall Isit atthis endof theboat orthe otherend一If youkeep still,youcansit atend.
7.These plantsare watered（每两天）.
8.If we had followedhis plan,we couldhave donethe jobbetter withmoney and________people.
9.There area lotof treeson sideofthesquare.
10.You willnot seethe animalsin winter.
二、完成句子用适当的关系代词或副词填空，使其意思和结构完整
1.The weatherwas verysunny thefollowing day,was whatwehadexpected.
2.I havefinished readingall thebooks areborrowed fromthe schoollibrary.
3.Is this the secondtime youhave beento Guangzhou
4.is reportedinthenewspaper,the warbetween thetwo countrieshas eto astop.
5.Can youthink ofanother examplethis phrasecan beused
6.The trainon heis travelingis late.
7.Do youstill rememberthe happydays wespent togetherin Beijing
8.Ihavebought thesame skirtshe iswearing.
9.Is thisthe reasonheislate again
10.Her parentswouldn tlet hermarry anyonefamily wasvery poor.
11.I,am yourbest friend,will helpyou out.
12.The daywill ethe peopleall overthe worldwill winliberation.
13.The studentsare talkingabout thestrange peopleand storiesthey metintheadventure.
14.He isthe veryman inpocket Ifound mylost money.
15.Ihavea pictureby afamous painterwas sentto meformybirthday.
三、语篇填空用适当的代词填空One day,as Carls wifewas goingout,her childbegan tocry,begging togo with
1.“Stay home,“the mothersaid tohim.When____2return,we willkill a pig for3dinner!”When shecame back,4found Carlpreparing toslaughter（宰杀）apigfor thechild smeal.She hurriedover tostop
5.“What are you doingYou arenot reallygoing tokilla pig,areyou”I wasjust kiddinghim!“How can6lie tochildren”Carl replied.“________________7learn eachand8movement from9parents.If10____________________deceive yourchild withlies,you areteachingthe childto lie.One cannoteducate childrenthis way.”In theend,Carl killedthe pig.
四、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式As ayoung adult,Noah Webster was ateacher.At thattime,the colonies]fight forindependence fromBritain.Yet thebooks thatAmerican childrenused inschool allcame fromBritain.The bookswere allaboutBritish peopleand Britishplaces.Webster wantedbooks2would meanmore toAmerican childrens一a grammarbook,a spellingbook,and areader.These bookswere verypopular,and millionsof them3sell.Webster wasinterested inchanging thespellings ofwords.4wanted wordstobespelled theway theywerepronounced.For example,he thought5word headshould bespelled hed”,and theword“laugh”should bespelled“laf”.People likedWebster,s suggestions.Unfortunately,though,few wordschanged werewords in6an unpronouncedu followedan“o”.That is7Americans writecolor andlabor,and theBritish writecolourand labour.With themoney hemade8his books,Websterwasable tostart onhis greatwork.This worktook morethan20years towrite.It wasthe firstAmerican Englishdictionary,9publish in
1828.Webster sdictionaryhad over70,000words and10give themeaning andorigin ofeach.To thisday,Webster,s workistheexamplethat mostdictionaries ofAmerican Englishfollow.colony n.殖民地unpronounced adj.不发音的labor n.劳动dictionary n.字典；词典助读词汇origin n.起源,to thisday至今参考答案考点练透
一、单句填空
1.none;any
2.one
3.little
4.neither
5.another
6.either
7.every otherday
8.less;fewer
9.every
10.all
二、完成句子
1.which
2.that
3.that
4.As
5.where
6.which
7.that/which
8.as
9.why
10.whose
11.who
12.when
13.that
14.whose
15.that/which
三、语篇填空
1.her
2.I
3.your
4.she
5.him
6.we
7.They
8.every
9.their
10.you
四、语法填空本文主要介绍美国词典编纂家诺亚•韦伯斯特以及其英语词典
1.were fighting分析句子成分可知，动词fight在此作谓语，故考虑时态和语态根据背景知识和空前的At thattime,the colonies可知此处应该用过去进行时
2.that/which分析句子成分可知2would meanmore toAmerican childrens是个定语从句，先行词是books,故填which或that均可
3.were sold此处sell作谓语，考虑时态和语态时态是一般过去式，语态要用被动，因此填were sold正确
4.He缺少主语填代词此处He指代前面的Webster注意首字母要大写
5.the根据空后的word“headshould bespelled“hed”，and theword“laugh”可知此处是特指，故需用定冠词
6.which分析句子成分可知in6an unpronounced“u followedan o”是个定语从句且空前已经有个介词in,故填which inwhich=where
7.why此处why引导一个表语从句只有填why才符合语境
8.from介词短语结构With themoney hemade8his books意为“用那些他从竹赚来的钱，……”，表从……”用介词from
9.published分析句子成分可知，动词publish在此作非谓语而publish与逻辑主语dictionary存在被动关系，故填过去分词形式published作时间状语
10.gave根据空前的Webster sdictionary hadover70,000words and可知，gave和had是两个并列谓语，时态要一致。
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