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年黑龙江省双鸭山市四方台区考研《英语一》统考试题2023Section IUse ofEnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose thebest wordsfor eachnumbered blankand markA,B,C orD on the ANSWERSHEET.10points肿瘤Michelle Bruceand herhusband,Jeremy,both hadcancers,and theirson Holdenhad abrain tumor.With threeotherchildren to1the familymoved toMichelles hometown of Franklin,Nebraska,six years ago soher2could givea hand.When livingin asmall townoutside Lincoln,Nebraska,Holden3two operation at adultclinics inOmaha.Both treatmentsweretough,and swellingleft himin4care for about aweek.When Holdenscancer5in2017,the Omahaclinic wasntable tooperate.Butthe Brucefamily wouldnt6,They reachedout to Boston ChildrensHospital,which hadbetter equipmentand surgeons.After lookingat Holdens7the doctorsaid shecould8the tumorfor good.9,the surgerywouldcost$39,000-more thanthe parentscould
10.In atownofjust1,000people,though,11traveled fast.Within days,a localwoman Michellehad nevermet calledto sayshe wasplanningan eventto12money forHolden.Michelle was
13.The dayof thefundraiser was14,but thatdidnt preventFranklin citizensshowing up.Michelle15it hadprobablyraised acouple thousand dollars.Back ather parentshouse,Michelle gota callfrom thefundraisers
16.Inall,the townraised$45,000-enough to17not justHolden^hospital bills,but forher andJeremy^18toBostonwith theirson.Holdens thirdsurgery wentmore19than before.He hadno20,no pain/891011said Michelle.It wasreallyamazing!”1A.take careof B.catch holdof C.get awaywith D.put up with8parentsB.designedB.traditionalB.recovered10A.defend B.quit11A.status B.files
2、A.husband C.neighbours C.patient D・arranged、C.had C.went D.special3A.performedD.children、D.reacted4A.ordinaryC.fail D.C.password D.records、5A.returnedignore8A.remove B.dress C.end D.update
9、A.Besides B.However C.Therefore D.Even10A.save B.C.afford D.bargainpromise11A.faith B.curiosity C.word D.promotion
6.B
7.D
8.A
9.B
10.C
11.C
12.D
13.C
14.A
15.B
16.D
17.A
18.D
19.C
20.BSection II Reading Comprehension、
21.C
2.C
3.D、
31.B
2.A
3.C
4.B、
41.B
2.A
3.D
4.C、
51.B
2.A
3.C
4.D、
61.into
2.that/which
3.to defend
4.possessions
5.and
6.effectively
7.peaceful
8.has conducted
9.strengthen
10.will/can contribute、
71.who
2.himself
3.totally
4.left
5.wearing
6.for
7.to treat
8.warmth
9.a
10.butSection IIITranslation、
81.D
2.B
3.E
4.F
5.G、
91.C
2.E
3.A
4.G
5.F12A.charge B.borrow C.earn D.raise13A.puzzled B.satisfied C.touched D.embarrassed
14、A.freezing B.gentle C.warm D.cool、B.figured C.admitted D・guaranteed15A.doubted
16、A.colleague B.explorer C.acquaintance D.organizer PartADirections:
17、A.cover B.owe C.present D.orderRead thefollowing fourtexts.Answer the questions beloweach
18、A.march B.guide C.pace D.trip textby choosingA,B,C orD.Mark youranswers on the ANSWERSHEET.40points
19、A.casually B.calmly C.smoothly D.fluentlyText120A.injury B.swelling C.cold D.recoveringIn China,chain restaurantsSection IIReadingComprehensionespecially thebig multinationalones arecool.Going toStarbucks,for example,is astatussymbol.It not only says,Tm richenough tobuy thisoverpriced coffee,nbut also,Tm cosmopolitan见多识广的enoughto bepart ofglobalization.”美食的.Where Icome fromin the UK,however,chains areneither fashionablenor gourmetChains arewhere yougo onNewYear*s Daywhen nowhereelse isopen,or when you are5years oldand yourparents cantstand hearing,Im hungry!nany longer.Inmy owncase withregards toMcDonalds,a chainis whereyou aretaken onyour fii*stndaten.Even atthe ageof13,I knewto givetheguy theletsjust befriendsHphone call the nextday.In the UK,independent cafesand restaurantsare making a comebackon thefashion scene.Nowadays,a Londonerwho saysnletsmeetforacoffee atMonmouthnan independentcafe ismuch coolerthan onewho sayslets goto Starbucksn.Even ifMonmouthscoffee is a littlemore expensive,there*sasatisfaction inknowing yourpounds arentgoing straightto thebig corporations.Of course,there arechain storesall over theUK；you cantgo fiveminutes withoutspotting aCosta Coffee.But numbersdo notaddup to good taste.坦白.I do,however,have aconfess ionAfter movingto ChinaI hadmoments whenalltherice andKung PaoChicken beeametoo much.I,too,have retreatedto MeDonald1s.1Many Chinesepeople liketogoto multinationalchain restaurantsbecause,A.the restaurantsgive customersa tasteof foreigncultureB.the restaurantsoffer differentfood anddrinks from other restaurantsC.they believe that eatingthere willshow then*wealth andsocial statusD.these restaurantsare perfectplaces fora romanticdate、2Which of thefollowingstatements isTRUEA.The authorhas growntired ofChinese food.B.Branches ofMonmouth*s cafecan befound allovertheUK.C.Most independentstores areclosed onNew Year*s Dayin theUK.D.It iscool in theUKto takeyour firstdate toa chainrestaurant.、3We caninfer from the articlethat.A.the authordoesn*t likefood fromPizza HutB.the authordoesn*t liketo followfashion trendsC.many Britonsthink thatnumbers meanpoor qualityD.many Britonsdon*t likebig corporationsText2When adriver slamsonthebrakes toavoid hittinga pedestrian crossing the road illegally,she ismakingamoral decision（道德的）that shiftsrisk fromthe pedestrianto thepeople in the car.Self-driving carsmight soonhave tomake suchethical judgmentsontheir own—but settlingon auniversal moralcode forthe vehiclescould bea toughtask,suggests asurvey.The largestever surveyof machineethics,called theMoral Machine,laid out13possible situationsin whichsomeones deathwasunavoidable.Respondents wereasked tochoose whoto sparein situationsthat involveda mixof variables:young orold,rich orpoor,more peopleor fewer.Within18months,the onlinequiz hadrecorded40million decisionsmade bypeople from233countries andterritories.When theresearchers analysedthese answers,they foundthat thenations couldbe dividedinto threegroups.One containsNorth（占支酉己土也位的）America andseveral Europeannations whereChristianity hasbeen thedominant religion;another includescountriessuch asJapan,Indonesia andPakistan,with strongConfucian orIslamic traditions.A thirdgroup consistsof countriesinCentral andSouth America,such asColombia andBrazil.The firstgroup showeda strongerpreference for sacrificing olderlives tosaveyounger onesthan didthe secondgroup,for example.The researchersalso identifiedrelationships betweensocial andeconomic factorsin acountry.They foundthat peoplefromrelatively wealthycountries withstrong institutions,such asFinland andJapan,more oftenchose tohit peoplewho steppedinto trafficillegallythan didrespondents innations withweaker institutions,such asNigeria orPakistan.People rarelyface suchmoral dilemmas,and somecities questionwhether thepossible situationsposed in the onlinequiz arerelevantto theethical andpractical questionssurrounding driverlesscars.But theresearchers arguethat thefindings revealculturaldifferences thatgovernments andmakers ofself-driving carsmust takeinto accountif theywant thevehicles togain publicacceptance.At leastBarbara Wege,who headsa groupworking onautonomous-vehicle ethicsat Audiin Ingolstadt,Germany,says suchstudiesare valuable.Wege arguesthat self-driving carswould causefewer accidents,proportionally,than humandrivers doeachyear-but thatpeople mightfocus moreon eventsinvolving robots.Surveys suchas theMoral Machinecan helpto beginpublic discussionsabout theseunavoidable accidentsthat mightdevelop、trust.We needto comeupwitha socialconsensus Jshe says,about whichrisks we are willingto take.”1Why isit difficultto setuniversalmoral rulesfor programmingself-driving carsA.Social valuesalways changewith thetimes.B.Moral choicesvary betweendifferent cultures.C.Drivers havea preferenceforsacrificingthe weak.D.Car makersare facedwith decisionsof lifeor death.、2The researchersconducted the study by.A.using amassive onlinequiz worldwideB.comparing differentcultures andcustomsC.dividing therespondents intothree groupsD.performing aseries ofcontrolled experiments、3According to thestudy,in whichcountry aredrivers morelikely tohit apedestriancrossingtheroadillegallyA.Nigeria B.ColombiaC.Finland D.Indonesia、4Barbara Wegewould probablyagree that.A.Self-driving carswill greatlyimprove thetraffic environmentB.Accidents causedby self-driving carsmight receivemore attentionC.Problems involvingself-driving carsmight shakethe publictrust insocietyD.Car makersneednt takethe riskof solvingself-driving carethical dilemmasText3Students shouldbe able to showwhat they know.Many folkstake this as anapparent truth.But Ithink itdemands closerexamination.Possessing askill orpiece ofknowledge isnot the same thingas beingableto show it.This iswhy manysmart youngpeople hate，school.Understanding,figuring out,and gettinga handleonapiece ofknowledge isreally excitingbut havingto prove to somebodyelsethat youunderstand isa painintheneck.Finding proof of student learning isa hugepart of the teachersjob,and whetherit isdone poorlyor notmakes allthe differenceinthat teacherseffectiveness.There isa hugedifference betweenhowdo Ifigure outif thisstudent understands^andhow doI makethisstudent proveto mehe getsit”.The firstisavaluable approach；the secondis the first stepontheroad towardwasting everybodystime.And theresthe problem.If westart withthe assumptionthat astudent whoknows mustbe ableto showhis knowledgeto our，satisfaction wewill betraveling downthe wrongroad.The morewe demandthat studentsprovetous that theyknowthe stuff,the morewewill designartificial tasksthat demanda setof skillsand knowledgeentirely differentfrom thosewe reallywant tomeasure.（重担）；As aclassroom teacher,I have to rememberthattheburden ison meto finda wayto seewhat mystudents knowtheburden isnotonthem to put onwhatever trainedmonkey show.It may not bethe worstthing everto say，Students shouldbe ableto showwhat theyknow.9,But Ithink itsfar moreuseful tosay,“Teachers shouldbe ableto discoverwhat studentsknow.^^1What doesthe underlinedphrase inthe secondparagraph meanA.\bry dangerous.B.\fcry annoying.C.\fery surprising.D.\fery frequent.、2According tothe thirdparagraph,a teachershould havethe abilityto.A.discover whetherhis studentshave understoodB.avoid wastingthe precioustime inclassC.apply variousapproaches whileteachingD.give studentsthe chanceto provethemselves、3What doesthe authorthink ofthe artificialtasks designedto teststudent learningA.They shouldbe limitedin number.B.They area hugeburden onteachers.C.They shouldmainly focuson effectiveness.D.They slideaway fromthe originalpurpose.、4What isthe mainidea ofthe passageA.Students shouldbe ableto showwhat theyknow.B.There aremany waysto findproofofstudentlearning.C.Teachers shouldbe ableto discoverwhat studentsknow.D.There shouldbe betterunderstanding betweenteachers andstudents.Text4Australian scientistsare trying to givekangaroo-style stomachsto cattle and sheepin orderto cutthe greenhousegases theysendout,which isthought tobe responsiblefor globalwarming.（肠胃气月长）Thanks tospecial bacteriain theirstomachs,kangaroo flatulencecontains nomethane andscientists wanttotransfer thatbacteria to cattle and sheep whoproduce largequantities ofthe harmfulgas.While theusual imageof greenhousegas pollutionisabillowing smokestack,pushing outcarbon dioxide,farm animalspassingwind contributea surprisinglyhigh percentageof totalemissions insome countries.Fourteen percent of emissionsfrom allsources inAustralia arefrom entericmethane fromcattle and sheep Jsaid Athol Klieve,asenior researchscientist withthe greensland stategovernment.And ifyou lookat anothercountry suchas New Zealand,which hasgota muchhigher agriculturalbase,they areactually uparound50percent Jhe said.Researchers saythe bacteriaalso makethe digestiveprocess muchmore efficientand couldpotentially savemillions ofdollars infeedcosts forfarmers.But it will takeresearchers atleast threeyears toisolate thebacteria beforethey caneven startto developa wayoftransferring ittocattle andsheep.Another groupof scientists,meanwhile,have suggestedAustralians shouldfarm fewercattle andsheep andjust eatmorekangaroos.And about20percentofhealth-conscious Australiansare believedto eatthe nationalsymbol already.（放养的）Its low in fat,its gothigh proteinlevels andit isvery cleaninthesense thatbasically it is free-range animal,“said PeterAmptoftheUniversity ofNew SouthWales,institute ofenvironmental studies.、1Scientists intendtoputbacteria intocattleandsheep.A.to helpAustralian farmersto earnmore moneyB.to preventthem fromsending outharmful gasesC.so thatthey canprotect AustralianecosystemD.so thatthey can make fulluse ofspecial bacteria、2AtholKlieveseems tobelieve that.A.farm animalsare toblame forgreenhouse gasesB.less cattleandsheepare raisedin NewZealandC.cattleandsheep produceless carbondioxideD.NewZealandhas the most animalsintheworld、3The advantagesPeter Amptlists aboutkangaroos dontinclude.A.it isrich inproteinB.it islowinfatC.it ischeaper thanbeefD.it iscleaner thansheep、4The mainidea ofthe passageis to.A.discuss abetter wayto protectthe earthB.warn farmersofthedanger ofanimal wasteC.explain thepossible solutionsto pollutionD.present arecent studyon globalwarmingPart BDirections:Read thefollowing textand answerthequestionsby choosingthe mostsuitable subheadingfromthelist A-G foreachnumbered paragraph41-
45.There aretwo extrasubheadings whichyou donot needto use.Mark youranswers ontheANSWER SHEET.10pointsThe ChinesePeoples LiberationArmy Navyturned70on April23,
1.It isa timefor reflectingon itsbeginning andhow overthepast sevendecades ithas overcomeso manydifficulties togrow
2.a modemnaval forceAsa majorPacific country
3.has morethan18,000kilometers ofcoastline,China needsa powerfulnaval forcethat cantimelyrespond tochallenges andrisks The PLA Navy is increasinglybeing lookedupon asan essentialforce
4.defend the countrys interestsandprotect itsnationals1personal safetyand
5.possession overseasThus,the callsfor Chinato builda blue-sea navyhave becomestronger,
6.the PLANavy hasapparently accelerateditsmodernization stepstryingtoincrease itsbattle abilitiesand readinessNot tomention thatthe navyalso hasthe dutyto more
7.effective海上的领土完整respond tochallenges tothecountrymaritime interestsand territorialintegrityHowever,as partof China*s defenseforces,the PLANavyisa forcefor
8.peace purposes,ThePLANavy hasalso actively使命」participated ininternational humanitarianmissions and9conduct variousexchanges withnaval forcesfromothercountriesto buildunderstanding and
10.strength trustSowe havereason tobelievethatthe PLANavy
11.contribute betterto worldpeace anddevelopment语法填空Do youjudge peopleby theirappearanceThis weekI wastalking tosome guysat PlanetFitness,1,told meabout theirboss experienceof buyinga new car Thesalesmendidnt knowthat this man hada lotof moneyIt wasbecause heoften dressed
2.he inworn-out clothes,just likea homelessman onthestreet Whenthe bossarrived atthefirstshop,the salesmen3,total ignoredhim andtreated himlike hewasnt worththeir timeHe二42_leave theshop witha smileon hisface Laterthat day,he walkedinto anothershop,5wear the same clothesas usualThesalesmen greetedhim withkindness andrespect Thenthismanpaid almost$20million6,newcar!「二Theres aBible textthat tellsus how7treat peoplethat youlearn littleabout Itsays,Dont forgettoshow8warm tostrangers,because anyonewho doesit mayentertain angelswithout realizingit!”Don91judge
9.book byits cover!The bosswas notanangel10,you neverknow whojust mightbeSection IIITranslationDirections:Translate thefollowing textinto Chinese.Write yourtranslation onthe ANSWERSHEET.（15points）（仓新）、Technological innovationmaynotgive youa warmfeeling.1,Messaging appsare examplesof technologythatare helpingbring peopletogether.Ifs readyto continueimproving ourlives asinnovation allowstechnology toreally understandhowwe live.、.2Some ofthe mostpopular andwidely adoptedinnovations makethings werealready doingeasier.A well-designed pieceoftechnology cantransform somethingthat consumestime intoa worry-free swipeof yourfinger,giving youmore time to spendwithfriends andfamily.Proving thatyou reallyare youDeveloperskeep findingnew andbrilliant waysto proveour identitiesonline.With fingerprintsand voicerecognition,technology、keeps gettingbetter atproving weare whowe sayweare.3,The moretrust wehave,the easierit will be tofully embracethe（金融科技）empowering aspectsof fintechand havingcontrol ofour financialdata.Helping makegood ideasa reality（众筹）Crowdfunding technologykeeps breakingdown barriersthat mayhave previouslykept goodideas frombeing realized.（曲）Here ishow itworks:You pitch»your projectto peoplethrough anonline platform.4,By connectingdreamers andinventorsto anew typeof capital,technology isgiving morecreative ideastheir opportunityto becomea reality.Adding evenmore qualityto qualitytimeAs technologycontinues improving,it becomeseasier tobuild andmaintain aconnection withsomeone whoisnt inthesame、，location asyou.5And thinkabout howgreat itwillbewhen youcan interactwith yourfriends andrelatives invirtual reality.It willbethe nextbest thingto beingtogether inperson.A.Sparing sometime tomake researchesB.Freeing upmore timefor friendsand familyC.However,when atits best,it opensour eyesto manythingsD.Actually,it can do wondersto deepenour interpersonalconnectionsE.That technologycanmakeit easierto trustthe connectionswe makeonlineF.If theyare interestedin yourproject,they donatemoney tofund yourprojectG Thinkabout howmuch easieritisto connectvia videoconferencing thanbeforIt isnot assimple asopening thedoor andhitting thetrack inwinter.There area fewthings youcandoto ensureyou aregettingthemostout of your run,and,importantly,not doingmore harmthan good.Warm up,cool down、（伸展）1Your musclesneed sometimetowarm upwhen it*s cold,so takeit easywhen youset offanddoa fewstretchesonce you*re finished.Drink water（蒸发）You mightnot feelhot,but thatsbecause sweatevaporates morequickly into the chilly,dry air.So besure to drink waterbefore,during andafter cold-weather workouts.2j Abelt bottleconveniently attachesto yourwaist soyou donthavetocarry itand canhavea drinkwhenever you feel likeit・（合成的））Running incotton isa badidea.Wear thin,breathable layersof syntheticclothing thathelp protectyou fromthe wind（水分）and snow,but stilllet outheat andmoisture.Thirty percentof yourbody heatescapes through your handsand fortypercent（无边小便帽）throughyourhead.Wear ahat,or beanie,and glovesso yourcirculatory systemcan distributewarm bloodtotherest、ofyourbody.4Run intothe wind、5,Obviously,itwillbe aneasier passagehome withsome extrahelp fromMother Nature.But,more importantly,you wonthavethe windin your face forthe secondhalf ofyour run,whenyouare morelikely tobe sweatingand catcha chill.A.Dress rightB.Keep warm.C.Dont gotoo fast,too soon•D.Start andfinish inthesameway.E.Dont waittodrinkwater untilyoufeelthirsty.F.Head outintothewind andcome homewith itat yourbackGOn reallycold days,wear amask orscarf overyour mouthto protectyourface.参考答案SectionIUse ofEnglish、
11.A
2.B
3.C
4.D
5.A。
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