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年陕西省西安市雁塔区考研《英语一》统考试题2023Section IUse ofEnglishDirections:()Read the following text.Choose the best words foreach numberedblank andmark A,B,C orD onthe ANSWER()SHEET.10points完形填空(共小题;每小题分,满分分)20240Its goodto makemistakes,and hereis why.First of all,mistakes are a clear36that you are tryingnew things.Its always37to trynew thingsbecause when you aretrying newthingsyou are
38.If younever tryanything new,how can you39The simpleanswer is“You cant”.With fewexceptions,every singledetailof developmentis the40of someonetrying somethingnew.When youare makingmistakes,youare41Edison failed10,000times beforehe42the lightbulb.When askedhow itfelt to43thatmany times,he saidthat hehadnt failed10000times,but ratherhad learned10,000things thatdidnt_
44.9Finally,when you make a mistake youare much45to success.Why(排除)When allis done,you willhave triedsome numberof thingsbefore yousucceed.46youmakea mistakeyou eliminateone ofthosethings and are onestep closer.But this all doesntmean that you shouldgo ahead47considering theconsequences of amistake.Quite thecontrary,whenyoutrysomething new,you48be willing to setsome reasonablelimits,so thatin theevent thatit doesnt49the wayyou wantit to,you will bein aposition totry again.We allhave50resources intime andmoney,so dontblow themall onone51to aproblem.Realize thatit probablywont be perfect(分酉己)the firsttime,and allocatethese resourcesproperly soyou canlearn,52corrections,and tryit again.Only by53and usingyourmistakes in this way,canyoumake significant54in yourbusiness orcareer.As anold sayinggoes,“If youre not makingmistakes,youre nottrying hardenough.”So go55and makemistakes.C.bad Andgrow.D.goodB・funny
1、A.word C.mark D.playingB.failing growing、D.think2A.interestingB・study C.insistD.experiment、3A.workingC・strengthB-resultD.promising、4A.improveB・correcting C.doingD.bought、5A.progressB・perfected C.designed、6A.learningAnd succeed.And learn.、7A.brokeD.signatureC.B.sign、Section IUse ofEnglish
11.B
2.D
3.C
4.A
5.B
6.A
7.B
8.C
9.A
10.B
11.C
12.B
13.D
14.A
15.C
16.B
17.A
18.C
19.D
20.BSection IIReading Comprehension、
21.C
2.C
3.B、
31.A
2.C
3.D
4.B、
41.C
2.D、
51.A
2.A
3.D
4.B6N
1.to
2.because
3.were made
4.how
5..to help
6.informed
7.more interesting
8.that/which
9.something
10.developing、
71.are
2..farmer
3.talking
4.friendly
5.a
6.to
7.us
8.quickly
9.solving
10.easilySection IIITranslation、
81.G
2.C
3.A
4.E
5.D、
91.E
3.B
4.D
5.G
8、A.succeed B.invent C.fail D.struggle、9A.work B.help C.go D.perform、10A.further B.closer C.familiar D.interestedIk A.Only ifB.Even thoughC.Every timeD.As if
12、A.with B・without C.into D.through13A.want toB-lead toC.tend toD.have to14A.work outB.put outC.run outD.sort out
15、A.enough B・much C.limited D.little
16、A.way B・approach C.means D.suggestion、17A.make B.follow C.take D.offer18A.trying B.avoiding C.accepting D.receiving19A.use B.contribution C.money D.advances20A.back B.forth C.off D.outSection IIReading ComprehensionPartADirections:Read the following fourtexts.Answer the questions beloweach textby choosingA,B,C orD.Mark youranswers on()the ANSWER SHEET.40pointsText1Books atAmazon:Best sellersof the month-Feb,2018Freshwater byAkwaeke Emezi-February6,2018Hardcover:$
15.91Audio CD:$
29.99An extraordinarynovel.Freshwater exploresthe amazingexperience ofhaving anotherself.It centersaround a young Nigerianwoman,Ada,who developsseparate selveswithin heras aresult ofbeing born“with onefoot onthe otherside.”Freshwater is a sharpcallofarare wayof experiencingthe world,one thatshows howwe allconstruct ouridentities.Milk andHoney byRupi Kaur—February16,2018Hardcover:$
18.00Paperback:$
8.99Audio CD:$
8.99(散文)(虐待),A collectionof poetryand proseabout survival.About theexperience ofviolence,abuse love,loss,and femininity(女性).It issplit into four chapters,and eachchapter servesa differentpurpose.Deals witha differentpain.Heals adifferentheartache.Milk andHoney takesreaders through a journeyof the most bittermoments inlife andfinds sweetnessin thembecause thereissweetness everywhere;if youare justwillingtolook.Educated byTara Westover-February13,2018Hardcover:$
16.80Paperback:$
28.00Audio book:$
6.00Audio CD:$
8.99An unforgettablebiography about ayounggirl who,kept out of school,leaves hersurvivalist family and goeson toearn aPhDfrom CambridgeUniversity.Educated is an accountof thestruggle forself-invention.It isa taleof fiercefamily loyalty,and of thesadness thatcomes fromsevering onesclosest ties.Force ofNature byJane Harper—February20,2018Hardcover:$
17.10Paperback:$
23.41Audio book:Free AudioCD:$
34.15An attractivenovel from the authorof theSunday Timestop10best seller.Five womengo on a hike.Only fourreturn.When fivecolleaguesare forcedto goon acorporate retreatin thewilderness,they reluctantlypick uptheir backpacksand startwalking downthemuddy path.But oneof thewomen doesntcome outof thewoods.And each of her companions tellsa slightlydifferent storyaboutwhat happened.、1Which of thefollowingis trueof thefour booksA.They areall differentin thestyle ofwriting.B.They allare only available online.C.They allhave apresentation offemale.D.They areall listedaccording tothe timelineof publication.、2If youwant tobuy alldifferent editionsofabook,which onewill costyou mostA.Fresh water.B.Milk andHoney.C.Educated.D,Force ofNature.、3Which authortells readersvarious feelingsor emotionsof personallife inhis/her bookA.Akwaeke Emezi.B.Rupi Kaur.C.Tara Westover.D.Jane Harper.Text2My dreamof working in aflower shophad itsroots inmy grandmothersgarden,always inbloom,where Imade buncheswithwhatever Icould getmy handson.However,I wasntprepared for the people.Their storiesimpressed melong afterI lockedup for thenight.I alwaysenjoyed reading the messages that wentalong witheach bunch.Most werewhat youwould expect,plenty ofI LoveYouand“Get WellSoon.^^We gotHappy Birthday,”“Happy Anniversary^^and Thinkingof You”requests thatphone messageswerewritten inshorthand:H.B.,H.A.,T.O.Y.I wouldlaugh atmessagesthatseemed toosugary orboring,and itdisheartened mewhen customersasked what their sympathycardshould say.But Ialso understoodthat findingthe rightwords canbe amonumental taskand thatsometimes thosewords justhappento be the sameones everyoneelse isusing.1have soldflowers tosingle menand women;to color-blind fathersshopping with their precociousdaughters,to newparents,grandparents,aunts anduncles,to engaged20-somethings andcouples celebrating50years.Pve givenflowers tohomeless menwhohave inturn giventhem topretty girlsin summerdresses.People buy flowers whentheyre inlove,in trouble,drunk,devastated,excitedand sometimesfor noobvious reason.I tookphotos ofcard messagesand toldmy favoriteshop storiesto co-workers,familyandfriends,but stillso muchhas gottenaway.Precious momentsmade allthe moreprecious by the fact that theyhave alreadycome andgone.Now Igauge monthsby whats(大丽花)(风信子)in season:sunflowers inJuly,dahlias inAugust,roses andmaple inOctober,pine inDecember,hyacinth inMarch.(紫玉兰)(花蕾)A favoriteof mineis tulipmagnolia,the waythe budsbreak intoflowers and the flowersinto manycolorson lawns,all in a matterof weekswhile it*s snowingcherry blossoms.How surprisinglybeautiful thelife offlowers canbe.、1Why didthe authorlike readingthe messagesgoing with the bunchesA.They conveyedfriendship,love andbest wishes.B.They remindedthe authorof hispast.C.They weresugary and the authorfound themfunny.D.They helpedto attractcustomers tobuyflowers.、2What canwe inferfrom Paragraph3A.The messageswere boringbecause ofrepetitions.B.The authorlikes tulipmagnolia becauseof itsgrowing place.C.The authorfound itdepressing totalk aboutsympathy cards.D.The authorlearned a lot inher grandmothersgarden.、3What doesthe underlinedword gaugeprobably mean in Paragraph5A.Spend.B.Forget.C.Arrange.D.Measure.、4What doesthe authorlearn from the flowershopA.She understandsthat everyonehas afavorite flower.B.She learnsthat lifeis morebeautiful withflowers.C.She realizesthat flowerssell wellwith message cards.D.She findsout thatmessagecardsare worthcherishing.Text3Finding true love canbe preytough fora lotof people,but alady froma fairlywell-known SanFrancisco advertisingagencyseems to think moneyhelps.She isoffering$10,000to anyof herfriends whocan introduce her to her Mr.Right.She wantsto findherfuture husbandthrough thisway.The unnamedhusband seekerwho sentout theemail hadjust finishedreadingthebest-selling booknamed LeanIn.It was11p.m.on aSunday nightand sherealized thiswas thesecond self-help bookshe hadread in themonth.She wasstill single.Things were notlooking fine,but therewas hopefor herstill.If thebook hadtaught heranything,it wasthat sheneeded totake amore positiverole infindinglove.After all,if shewanted toget a better job,she wouldntjust sitoutside anemployers buildingand waitfor someoneto offeritto her,so whyshould findinga husbandbe anydifferent Butinstead ofgoing outand meetingnew peopleshe decidedto writeanemail toall herfriends,offering togive them$10,000on herwedding dayif anyof themmanaged tointroducehertoherfuturehusband.“I amwriting youtoday becauseIve decidedto makean aggressiveaction planon findingthe manthat Iget tohang outwithforever/9the womanwrites inher email.Introducing me to my husband isjust nothigh onyour to-do list.But Ithink I have anidea thatmightchange that…You guessedit,and thisis whereshe offersto rewardher closestfriends^^with coldhard cash.“I willpersonally giveten thousanddollars tothe friendwho introducesmetomyhusband.”Here ishow theprogram works:Step1:You setme uponadate witha man.Step2:1marry thatman.Step3:1give you$10,000on mywedding day.I knowyoure thinkingthat thisis nuts.Just plaincrazy.You canfind ahusband withoutgiving$10,000/Well forstarters,thankyou!Im happy.”、1What doesthe ladyoffer$10,000to anyof herfriends forA.Celebrating thefactthatshe hasmade adecision to find ahusband.B・Checking thepower ofmoney amongher circleof friends.C.Encouraging herfriends tohelp findher Mr.Right.D.Sharing herhappiness ofhaving foundtruelove.、2What doesthe underlinedword nuts”meanin the lastparagraphA.delicious B.sensible、C.angry D.foolish3Whats thepurpose of the authorsmentioning gettingabetterjob inParagraph2A.To stressthe importanceof findinga goodjob.B,To stressthe importanceof takinga positiveattitude.C.To showthat waitingpatiently isnecessary toget ajob.D.To statethat weneed to be patientbefore ajob isoffered.、4What kindof persondo youthink thelady isA.Adventurous B.ImaginativeC.Considerate D.PoliteText4Two recentstudies havefound thatpunishment isnot thebest way to influencebehavior.One showedthat adultsare much morecooperative ifthey work inasystem basedon rewards.Researchers atHarvard Universityin theUnited Statesand theStockholmSchool ofEconomics inSweden didthe study.They hadabout twohundred collegestudents playa versionofthegame knownas thePrisoners Dilemma.The gameis basedonthe tensionbetween theinterests ofan individualandagroup.The studentsplayed ingroups offour.Each player could winpoints forthe group,so theywould allgain equally.But eachplayercouldalso reward or punisheachofthe otherthree players.Harvardresearcher DavidRand says the mostsuccessful behaviorproved to be cooperation.The groupsthat rewardedthe mostearned abouttwiceas muchin thegame asthe groupsthat rewardedthe least.And the more agroup punisheditself,the lowerits earnings.The studyappearedlast month in thejournal Science.(虐彳寺).The otherstudy involvedchildren.It waspresented lastmonthinCalifornia ata conferenceon violence and abuseResearchersused intelligencetests givento twogroups.More thaneight hundredchildren wereaged twotofourthe firsttime theyweretested.More thanseven hundredchildren wereaged fiveto nine.The twogroups wereretested fouryears later,andthestudy comparedtheresults withthe firsttest.Both groupscontained children whose parentsused physicalpunishment andchildren whoseparents didnot.The studysaystheIQs ofthe youngerchildrenwhowerenotspanked werefive pointshigher thanthose whowere.In theoldergroup,the differencewas almostthree points.The morethey arespanked,the slowertheir mentaldevelopment.、1What dowe knowabout thesecond studyA.Childrens IQshave muchto dowith physicalpunishment.B.The studyis aboutviolenceandcooperation ofchildren.C.The childrentested weredivided intogroups offour.D.Childrens mentaldevelopment onlyrelies ontheir IQs.、2What doesthe underlinedword spankedrefer toA.punished B.blamed、C.tested D.praised3What mightbethebest titleforthetextA.The BestWay toCorrect MisbehaviorB.Punishment Isthe BestWay ofEducationC.Cooperation Isthe MostSuccessful BehaviorD.Punishment orReward:Which WorksBetter onBehavior、4Which ofthefollowingis TRUEaccording tothe passageA.Punishment isthebestwaytoinfluence badbehaviors.B.The participantsin thefirst studyhave theright torewardorpunish othersin thegroup.C.the youngerchildren have a higherIQ becauseof theirparents educationallevel.D.Adults aremuch morecooperative thanchildren.Part BDirections:Read thefollowing textand answerthequestionsby choosingthemostsuitable subheadingfromthelist A-G foreachnumbered paragraph41—
45.There are two extrasubheadings whichyou donot need to use.Mark youranswerson the ANSWERSHEET.10pointsDirectionsAfter readingthe passagebelow,fill in the blanksto makethe passagecoherent andgrammatically correctFor theblankswith agiven word,fill ineach blankwiththeproper formofthegiven word;forthe other blanks,use oneword thatbest fitseach blankCuriosityis partof humannature Childrenare famousfor wantinganswers1-tons of questions Peoplekeep readingorwatching2-they wanttofindout whathappens Butcuriosity alsoprovides manypractical benefitsLearningis easiestif you haveagenuine desirefor knowledgeCuriosity cancreate thatdesire whenyouhavea question」Many ofhistory greatestdiscoveries3,make bycurious peoplePeople wondered4processes workedor howcertaintasks couldbe donemore effectivelyThanks totheir curiosity,people nowknow farmore aboutthe worldand haveuseful technology」5help themEvenif you dont plantobean inventorof researcher,curiosity canstill helpyou inthe classroomIf youdevelop thejoyof learning,classes willbecome morefun AndyouH excelbecause youwillbefully engagedintheprocess oflearning Evenifyou9renolonger astudent,curiosity willmake youbetter6」inform andthus amore capableworkerWhat doyoudoif yourenot alreadycurious Fortunately,curiosity isa skillthat canbe improvedIf youact likeyoure」curious,youll quicklystart toactually feelcurious Often,themoreyou learn abouta topic the7interesting itbecomesAs youlearnaboutatopic,gather informationfrom asmany sourcesas possibleRead avariety ofbooks,watch orlisten tolecturesand askquestions Dontalways getyour informationfromthe same sourceInstead,learn toappreciate factsthatdifferent peopleknow andthe differentopinions8,they expressAskalotofquestions,Remember,everyone knows
9.thatyoudont Findout whatthat is,and askabout itThis letsyou learnsomethingand makestheotherperson happyby lettingthem showoff theirknowledge」In theclassroom oroutofit,10develop curiosityis suretobeworthwhile二In myfamily,there bethree people My fatherisa2farm andgoes toworkinthe fieldevery dayHe isntgood at
3.talk buthe getson wellwith otherpeopleMymother isvery kindand is
4.friend toeverybody Sowhen Ihave
5.problem I will turn6-her forhelp Myfriends sayI amclever,because whenthe teacherasks
7.we verydifficultquestions,I cancome upwiththeanswers
8.quick Butmy fatherthinks Iam notpatient Hesays onceIhavedifficulty in
9.solveproblems,Iwill
10.easy giveup Thisis whatI needto improveinthefutureSection IIITranslationDirections:Translate thefollowing textinto Chinese.Write yourtranslation ontheANSWERSHEET.15pointsWhere the jobs areThinking abouta careerin public safety orlaw enforcementStatistics showthat thesecareers are、growing,have greatbenefits,and canbe veryrewarding.1But thereare hundredsof publicsafety jobstothinkabout-everything frompoliceofficer whoprotect peopleto driverslicense examinerswho testdriving skills.For example,Angela Bloomisananimal controlworker forthe city.She andherco-workers pickup animalsthat arelost,sick,or、dangerous.2For thisjob,being ingood physicalcondition isimportant anda highschool diplomais required.It maybe necessaryforcandidates tohave receivedon-the-job trainingand holdcertification.、3He looksfor healthproblems inplaces wherepeople prepareand servefood.There aremany kindsof jobsfor inspectors.Forexample,publicsafetyinspectors lookfor safetyviolations ordangerous workplacesand fireinspectors lookfor problemsin buildings、that couldcause fires.4A collegedegree isoften necessary.Actually,applicants witha bachelorsor mastersdegree,relatedexperience ortraining ina foreignlanguage mayhave thebest jobprospects.、5For thoseinterested inworkinginthis dynamicand rewardingfield,a widevariety ofoptions areavailable.So remember,if youlikeworking withthe public,and arelooking fora goodjob,a careerin publicsafety mightbeperfectfor you.A.Martin Leeisahealth inspector.B,You cancome andapply forthe degree.虐待.C.They alsoinvestigate reportsof animalabuseD.These areonlyafew ofthejoboptions available.E.Problems solvingskills areimportant forthese jobs.F.Their jobis tofind aperson toadopt thehomeless animals.G.Police officerand firefighteraretwoofthemost popularsafety jobsinthisfield.虚拟VirtualTeams、Virtual teamsareagreat wayto enableteamwork insituations wherepeople arenot sittinginthesame officeatthesame time.1Thisis particularlyso forbusinesses thatuse virtual teams tobuild globalpresence,or needless commonskills orknowledge frompeoplewho areunwilling totravel.、Virtual teamsare governedbythesame basicprinciples astraditional teams.2It isthe waythe teammembers communicate.They relyonspecial communicationchannels enabledby moderntechnologies,such asemails,faxes,and teleconferences,and alike.Due tomorelimited communicationchannels,the successof virtual teams ismuchmoresensitive tothe type of projectthegroupworks on,whatpeople areselected,and howthe teamis managed.、3One challengingcase isthe projectsthat relyheavily onintegrated work.That isto say,when eachpersons workdependssignificantly on what someoneelse isdoing atthesamemoment,like ina sportsteam,there isan ongoingheavy exchangeofinformation inreal time,andthetasks haveto gothroughastrict orderwithin ashort time.Not everyonecan performwell ina virtualteam environment.4Another importantquality iscommunication skills.The teammembersmust beable tocommunicate clearlyand positively.Managers ofvirtual teamsneedtopay muchmore attentionto havingclear goals,performance standards,and communicationrules.、People havevarious assumptionsonwhatto expectfrom eachother.5One ofthe biggestchallenges ofvirtualteamsis buildingtrust betweenthe teammembers.Trust isimportant forunblockingcommunication betweenmembers andincreasing motivationof eachperson inthe team.The issueof trustneeds specialattention atanystage ofteam existence.A.Yet,there isone significantdifference.B.Not everytypeofproject issuitable fora virtualteam.C.A virtualteam canchoose whateverproject theylike towork on.D.The membersmust beself-motivated andable towork independently.E.Such teamsare nowwidely usedby companiesand organizationsto cutbusiness costs.F.Members ofvirtualteamscommunicate quitewell althoughthey nevermeet face-to-face.G.To avoidmisunderstanding,clear rulesthat everyoneunderstands andagrees onare necessary.参考答案。