2023年浙江省杭州市西湖区考研《英语一》统考试题含解析

年浙江省杭州市西湖区考研《英语一》统考试题2023Section IUse ofEnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose thebest wordsfor eachnumbered blankand markA,B,C orD on the ANSWER SHEET.10pointsMy greatestinspiration is not from a world-known figure,but from the perseveranceof a6-year-old boy.Today,most studentsare]at thebeach.I amnot amongthem.2,I havedevoted thewhole dayto makingsure thiseventruns wonderfully.After anentire dayof3,I amstanding at the stagehanding outprizes to their luckyrecipients.Among thegolfersare musicians,lawyers anddoctors,all ofwhom4for onecommon cause:Ryan.He lookedup atme with his sparklingeyes andsmiles.This ishis5of thankingme fordevoting this6to helpinghim.Then,though,I realizedheshould notthank me,7I shouldthank him.自|田症My cousin,Ryan,8with autismfive years ago,didnt knowwhat hisfuture wouldmean9it.But Ryanworks hard,trying to make thesmallest10every day.I try to puta littlebit ofRyan intomy

11.Whenever facedwith what seems impossible,I12how heis makingprogress everyday.In thepast sixyears,I havelearned13isnecessary toachieve mygoals,and thatwhatseemsout ofmy reachmay not be so

14.Ryan hastaught meanother importantlesson:people shouldnotbejudged by what they cannot15,So farIvewitnessed actsof crueltyagainst thosewho are16on adaily basis.Ryan is a prime17of howpeople whomay bedifferent arestill asworthyas others.Since hisdiagnosis,I have18judging peopleand triedto getothers aroundme to do the same.Ryan wouldnever19somebody becausehe doesntlike theway he/she looksor dresses.He welcomesall peopleinto hislife,and I20myself becauseI havelearnedtodothe same.1A.enjoying B.behaving C.introducing D.practising、2A.Thus B.However C.Besides D.Instead、3A.swimming B.studying C.golfing D.performing、4A.asked B.trained C.thanked D.gathered、5A.way B.proof C.need D.dream、6A.day B.trip C.prize D.standard7A.or B.for C.but D.though、8A.connected B.compared C.assisted D.diagnosed、9A.apart fromB.because ofC.despite D.like、10A.arrangement B.devotion C.progress D.preparation、11A.home B.life C.schedule D.pleasure

20.ASection IIReading Comprehension、

21.B

2.D

3.A

4.D、

31.D

2.A

3.D、

41.B

2.C

3.D、

51.D

2.B

3.C

4.C、

61.depending

2.which

3.is called

4.A

5..showed

6.physically

7.to have

8..greater

9.combination

10.to、

71.an

2.except/but

3.them

4.quietly

5..to seize

6.threw

7.speaking

8..surprised

9.which

10.intoSection IIITranslation、

81.A

2.G

3.F

4.C

5.B、

91.C

2.E

3.A

4.G

5.F、12A.work outB.point outC.approve ofD.think of、13A.intelligence B.assistance C.education D.perseverance14A.far B.common C.special D.simple、15A.tell B.control C.share D.imagine、16A.determined B.important C.different D.devoted17A.force B.target C.example D.trend18A.admitted B.stopped C.enjoyed D.appreciated

19、A.dislike B.accept C.forgive D.understand、20A.pride B.reward C.criticize D.experienceSection IIReading ComprehensionPartADirections:Read thefollowing fourtexts.Answer the questions beloweach textby choosingA,B,C orD.Mark youranswers onthe ANSWER SHEET.40pointsText1The Australianpostal servicehas apologizedfor deliveringa letterhalf acentury afterit wassent froman islandin theSouthPacific.A couplefrom Adelaidefound thefaded postcard,from theFrench Polynesianisland ofTahiti,resting on their doorstepunder agasbill.It borea postmarkof1966and was addressed toone Robert Giorgio”,according to the AdelaideAdvertiser.The postcard,which waswritten bysomeone namedChris,reads:I amenjoying myselfgreatly.The weatheris veryhumid,ril tryand dropyou anotein England/9Its stampcost3francs,or aroundnine pence,and isunderstood tohave beensent to the originalowner of the house,whose whereaboutis unknown.“It tooka whileto realizeit wasan oldone,“said Tim Duffy,who boughtthe house18months agowithhiswife,Claire,andbelieves itwas builtby anItalian manin

1963.“Then Ichecked the post dateand its

1966.^^He suspectsthe cardmay havebeen sentbysomeone whowas travellingby boat.“Its freshenough althoughit is a bitfaded andits gotsome damagetothetop left,which lookslikea bitof waterdamage Jhe said.Mr Duflyhanded theletter backto AustraliaPost,who acknowledgedthat somethinghad“gonewrong“and issuedan apology.It isclear thatsomething wentwrong50yearsagoafter the postcard wasposted inFrench Polynesia,and weapologise fbrthe inconvenience,a spkesmansaid.It is not the first timethat aletter hastaken vastlylonger thanexpected arriveat itsdestination.A loveletter sentby aBritish soldierduring WorldWar Twowas apparentlystuck intransit formore than64years beforeitreached RAFLakenheath inSuffolk.1Who wrotethe postcardA.Claire B.ChrisC.Tim DuffyD.RobertGiorgio、2What does thepostcardlook likeA,Nice andperfect B.Old anddamagedC.Old putbeautiful D.Fresh butdamaged、3The underlinedword whereaboutin Paragraph2is closestin meaningto“A.location B.familyC.habit D.name、4What can be infen*ed from the textA.The postcard wassent outin1963B.TimDuffyaccepted theapology from the AustraliaPostC.This isthefirstletter that has gonewrong duringdeliveringD.The personwho wrotethepostcard wouldtravel toEnglandText2Microsoft hasdeveloped a new smartphoneapp thatinterprets eyesignals andtranslates them into letters,allowing people withmotor neurone disease to communicate withothers froma phone.The GazeSpeakapp combinesa smartphone^camera with artificial intelligenceto recognizeeye movementsin realtime andconvertthemintoletters,words andsentences.（渐冻症）,For peoplesuffering fromALS alsoknown asmotor neuronedisease,eye movementcan bethe onlyway they are ableto communicate.Current eye-tracking inputsystems for peoplewithALS orother motorimpairments areexpensive,not robustunder sunlight,（重新校对）and requirefrequent re-calibration andsubstantial,relatively immobilesetups Jsaid XiaoyiZhang,a researcheratMicrosoft who developed thetechnology.To mitigatethe drawback,we createdGazeSpeak,an eye-gesture communication system that runs on a smartphone,and isdesigned to below-cost,robust,portable andeasy tolearn.The appis usedby thelistener by pointing their smartphone atthe speaker.A chartthat can be stucktotheback of the smartphoneis then usedby the speaker todetermine whicheye movementstomakein ordertocommunicate.The stickershows fourgrids ofletters,which eachcorrespond toa differenteye movement.By lookingup,down,left orright,the（计算程序）speaker selectswhich gridsthe lettersthey wantbelong to.The artificialintelligence algorithmisthenable topredict thewordor sentencetheyaretrying tosay.、1Who isthe smartphoneapp designedforA.People withmotor eyedisease.B.People suffering from eyecommunication.C.People withproblems inintelligence.D.People sufferingfrom motorneuronedisease.、2The underlinedword“mitigate“in thefifth paragraphprobably means.A.relieve B.get ridofC.remove D.find、3According tothe text,.A.forpeoplesufferingfromALS,eye movementis oneof thebest waystocommunicate.B.a newcommunicationsystemthatrunsonasmartphone isdesignedto be immobile.C.thespeakercould usethe appbypointingtheirsmartphoneatthelistener.D.the artificialintelligence algorithmwill translatesentences forspeakers.Text3The wonderfulexperiment Iam goingto introduceproves that air isjust all around andthat itpresses downupon us.Air pressureisa wonderfulforce.When youswim underwater,you canfeel waterpush downyour body.The airallaroundyou doesthesame.However,your bodyis soused toit that you do not noticethis.The pressureis causedby alayer ofair calledthe atmosphere.This layersurroundsthe Earth,extending toabout fivekilometers abovethe Earthssurface.The followingexperiment isan easyone that you can do athome.But make sure thatyou aresupervised,because you will need touse matches.Now for the experiment!What youneed:•A hard-boiled eggwithout the shell•A bottlewith aneck slightlysmaller thanthe egg•A pieceof paper•A matchMethod:1Check that the paperwill sitfirmly on the neck of the bottle.2Tear the paper intostrips andput thestrips into the bottle.3Light thepaper bydropping aburning matchinto the bottle.4Quickly sitthe eggonthe neck of the bottle.Result:Astonishingly,the eggwill besucked intothe bottle.Your friendswill beamazed when you showthem theexperiment.But becareful whenyou handlematches.Why ithappened（）As thepaper burns,it needsoxygen anduses upthe oxygenair in the bottle.The eggacts asa seal in the neckof the bottle,sono moreair canget inside.This reducesthe air pressure inside the bottle.The air pressure mustequalize,so moreair fromoutside mustenterthe bottle.The outsideair pressureagainst the egg and then the egg ispushed intothebottle!This provesthat airis allaround andthatit ispressing downon it.、1Why isthere theneedtotake carewhenyou are doingthe experimentA.The bottlecould break.B.You needto lightthepaperwith amatch.C.The eggneeds tobe shelled.D,The egghas tobe perfectlyplaced ontheneckofthebottle.、2In theexperiment,the burninginside thebottle can.A.equalize theairpressureinside andoutsideB.make asealin theneckofthebottleC.finish upthe oxygen inside thebottleD.produce moreoxygeninsidethebottle、3How wastheeggput intothe bottleA.The oxygeninsidethebottle suckedtheeggin.B.It becamesalt withouttheshell.C.The neckofthebottle waswide enough.D.The outsideairpressureforced it intothebottle.Text4A scientistwhodevelopeda wayto calculatehow much water isused in the productionof anythingfromacup of coffee toahamburger wasawarded the2008Stockholm.Water Prize.（虚Professor JohnAnthony AllanoftheUniversity ofLondon inBritain wonthe awardfor introducingthe idea of virtual water拟水）calculation methodthathaschanged thenature of trade policyand research.Allan haswritten seven books andpublished more than100papers.（埋藏）The StockholmInternational WaterInstitute saidthis ideais nowembedded inthe productionof foodsand industrial（缺水products.The institutesaid Allanswork hadmade abig effecton globaltrade policyand research,especially inwater-scarce的）regions.“The improvedunderstanding oftrade andwater managementissues onlocal,regional andglobal scalesare ofthe highestvalue（可持续的）forthesuccessful andsustainable use of waterresources Jitsaid.“People donot onlyuse waterwhen theydrink itor takea shower,^the institutesaid,Behind themorning cupofcoffee,there are140liters ofwater that was usedto grow,produce,package andship thebeans.That isabout asmuch water asaperson inEngland usesonaverage forall dailydrinking andhousehold needs.“For asingle hamburger,about2,400liters ofwater areneeded.In theUSA,the averageperson usesnearly7,000liters of virtualwater everyday.It saidthatwasmore thanthree timesthe averageuse ofa Chineseperson.、1Allan wasawarded theprize because.A,he wrotesevenbookson tradepolicyB.he publishedmorethan100papers onwater managementC.lie foundanewkind ofwater inwater-scarce areasD.he cameup withthe ideaofvirtual water、2Which ofthefollowingis TRUEaccording tothe passageA.The averageAmerican usesabout7,000liters ofwatera day.B.The averageChinese usesnearly2,300liters ofvirtualwatera day.C.An Englishmanusually drinksabout140liters ofcoffee aday.D.A hamburgerusually containsabout2,400liters ofwater.、3What dowe learnabout JohnAnthony Allanfromthepassage.A.He wonthe2008Nobel Prize.B.He haswritten over100books.C.He worksattheUniversity ofLondon.D.He livesintheUSA.、4What effectdoestheideaofvirtualwaterhaveA.It helpsus realizethe importanceoftrade.B.It helpspeople dosuccessful business.C.It helpsus makeuseofwater scientifically.D.It tellsus howmuchwaterwe useaday.Part BDirections:Read thefollowing textand answerthequestionsby choosingthe mostsuitable subheadingfromthelist A-G foreachnumbered paragraph41—

45.There aretwo extrasubheadings whichyou donot needto use.Mark youranswerson theANSWERSHEET.10points」Our bodiescanbeyounger orolder thanour actualage1depend upondiet,lifestyle choicesand physicalactivity Thisis called生理的」时间的二biological age,2-could bedifferent fromthe ageon yourdrivers license,which3call chronologicalage4二recent studyof over900adults whowere trackedfor12years,from ages26-38,5show thatpeople whowere agingfaster,（）meaning thattheir biologicalage washigher thantheir chronologicalage,were notas healthyor

6.physical fitThis groupwas also二（）（认知衰退）二（）more likely7have cognitivedecline andwas at a8great riskfor age-related healthconditions（）A growingbody ofresearch provesthatthekeys toaging successfullyare a

9.combine ofexercising regularly,keeping busywithlife,and maintaininga healthydiet withnutritious foodsThese threekey elementscould contribute

10.aging gracefully,andsuccessfully,too（题文）（小题）One night,Mrs Riley,1elderly womanwas walkingalong a dark,London streetShe wascarrying her（小题）handbag inone hand andaplastic carrierbag inthe otherThere wasnobody elseinthe street2two youthsThey were（小题）standing inadarkshop doorwayOne of3was verytall withfair hairwhile the other wasshort andfat witha beard（小题）（）The youthswaited fora fewmoments,and thenran quicklyand4quiet towardsMrs RileyThe tall youth held（小题）（）her frombehind whilethe otheryouth tried5seize her handbag（小题）（）Suddenly,Mrs Riley6throw thetallyouthover hershoulder Shecrashed intotheotheryouth andthey both（小题）（）landed onthe groundWithout7speak,Mrs Rileystruck bothof themonthehead withherhandbag,and walkedcalmlyaway（小题）（）The two8surprise youthswere stillsitting onthe groundwhen MrsRiley crossedthestreettowards adoor,（小题）（小题）above9there wasa lightedsign MrsRiley paused,turned round,smiled atthe youthsand walked10the（柔道）South WestLondon JudoClubSection IIITranslationDirections:（）Translate thefollowing textinto Chinese.Write yourtranslation ontheANSWERSHEET.15pointsLifestyle changesare aprocess thattakes timeand requiressupport.Here arefive tipsfromtheAmerican PsychologicalAssociationto help you makelasting,positive lifestyleand behavior changes.Make aplan thatwill stick.、Your planisamap thatwill guideyou onthis journeyof change.1Want toexercise moreDetail thetime ofday whenyou cantakewalks andhow longyoull walk.Write anythingdown,and askyourself ifyoure confidentthat theseactivities andgoals arerealisticfor you.Start small.After youveidentified realisticshort-term andlong-term goals,break downyour goalsinto small,manageable stepsthat canbemeasured.If yourlong-term goalis to lose20pounds withinthe nextfive months,a goodweekly goalwould betolose、one pounda week.2Change onebehavior ata time.Unhealthy behaviorsdevelop overthe courseof time,so replacingunhealthy behaviorswith healthyones requirestime.Many、people runinto problemswhen theytrytochange toomuch ortoo fast.3Whether itisafriend,co-worker orfamily member,someone elseon yourjourney willkeep andmotivated andaccountable.Perhaps itcanbesomeone whowill go tothegym withyou_or someonewho isalso tryingto stopsmoking.Ask forsupport.Accepting help from thosewho careabout youand willlisten strengthensyour commitment.If youfeel unableto meetyour goalsonyour own,consider seekinghelpfrompsychologists.、Making changestakes timeand commitment,but youcandoit.5Minor misstepsontheroad toyour goalsare normaland okay.Resolve torecover andget backon track.A.When makingyour plan,be specific.B.Just keepitinmind thatno oneis perfect.C.Find apartner.D.Communicating withyour friends.E.Careful planningmeans settingsmall goalsand takingone stepatatime.F.To improveyour success,focus onone goalorchangeatatime.G.By takingsteps graduallyyoull feelsuccessful inmeeting yourgoal.Camping withouta campfire isnotcamping atall.Late-night conversationsand gamesaround the campfire areessential for、a pleasantcamping experience.However,you oughttobeaware ofthe factthat campingwitha campfire isnot allabout fun.1If youareplanning toset upa campfire,or ifyouareplanning tocook duringcamping,you shouldremember somefire safetytips.（深坑）.、Choose acampsite whichhas acampfire pit2If thereisnofire pit,set upyour own.However,you shouldbe carefulnotto placethe firepit nearyour campingtent.When youset upacampfire,make surethatyouput thecampfire materialsintheright（碎片）order.This canhelpyoumake surethat therewill beno flyingdebris onceyou lightyour fire.Put thelight materialsfirst such、as paperor dryleaves.3Finally,make surethatyouplace stonesaround thecampfire pit.Never burnplastics orother poisonousmaterials,which willdisturb yourneighboring、campground guests.It willalso significantlypollute theair andpromote therisk offire spreads.4Use itonly whenall theotherfire-making optionsfail.、4Before youleave yourcampsite orbefore yougotobed,makesurethat your campfire iscompletely out.Leaving fireunattendedruns highrisks offorest firesandthelike.A.Then,put thewood.B.Camping cangive youa lotof freedom.C.It needsa certaindegree ofresponsibility.D.One traditionalcamp activityis makingthecampfire.E.This willensure thatyouwillbe capableof controllingyour campfire.F.Once yourcampfireisset up,donotleave theflame unattended.G.Do notuse petrolevery timeyou attemptto lightyourcampfire.参考答案Section IUse ofEnglish、

11.A

2.D

3.C

4.D

5.A

6.A

7.C

8.D

9.B

10.C

11.B

12.D

13.D

14.A

15.B

16.C

17.C

18.B

19.A。