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B.Genetic twist:Medieval plaguemay haveshaped ourimmunityC.Time window:The factorplays animportant rolein arecent study【答案】D.Deadly pandemics:They willkeep changingour immunesystem forsure
12.A
13.D
14.C
15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文主要介绍了我们的中世纪祖先给我们留下了一份生物遗产可能帮助他们在黑死病中幸存下来的基因,使我们今天更容易受到某些疾病的影响【题详解】12细节理解题根据文章第二段uBarreiro and his colleaguesexamined ancientDNA samplesfrom thebones ofmore than200people fromLondon and Denmark who died over about100years thatstretched before,during,and afterthe Black(巴雷罗和他的同事们检查了来自伦敦和丹麦的多人骨头上的古代样Death sweptthrough thatregion200DNA本,这些人在黑死病席卷该地区之前、期间和之后去世了大约年)”可知,巴雷罗是通过分析目标骨骼的100样本得出这一结论的故选DNA A【题详解】13细节理解题根据文章第四段“But Barreiro said hebelieves theirs is the first demonstration that the Black Death was(但巴雷罗说,他认为他们的研究首次证明了黑死病对人important to the evolutionof the human immunesystem类免疫系统的进化很重要)”可知,这是第一次证实鼠疫是导致某些免疫系统紊乱的原因故选Do【题详解】14细节理解题根据文章最后一段“In thefuture,however,he saidmore deadlypandemics maywell continue to shapeus(然而,他说,在未来,更致命的流行病很可能继续在最基本的层面上塑造我们)”可知,at the most basic level巴雷罗新的流行病仍可能影响人类免疫系统的发展故选C【题详解】15主旨大意题根据文章第一段u Arecent study published in the journal Nature has revealed that our Medieval ancestorsleft us with abiological legacy:Genes thatmay havehelped themsurvive the Black Deathmake usmore vulnerableto(最近发表在《自然》杂志上的一项研究揭示,我们的中世纪祖先给我们留下了一份生物certain diseases today遗产可能帮助他们在黑死病中幸存下来的基因,使我们今天更容易受到某些疾病的影响)”可知,本文主要介绍了中世纪祖先在黑死病中幸存下来的基因,使我们今天更容易受到某些疾病的影响故选B第二节(共5小题;每小题
2.5分,满分
12.5分)从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项What Arethe Rootsof YourSelf-EsteemSelf-esteem is a personssubjective assessmentof hisor herworth tohimself orherself.Self-esteem coversvariousbeliefs aboutoneself such as Tma failure1and Imbeautiful aswell asphysiological statesincludingsadness,joy,and shame.The morewe believethat weare worthyof happinessand goodthings inlife,the moreself-fulfilled wewill be.When wedont believethat weare worthyof thesethings,our ability to enjoythem cansuffer.16Healthy self-esteem asan adultcan be a giftgiven in your childhood.It is a blessingthat mostpeople overlook.Thereare somany waysadults withhigh self-esteem weresupported aschildren thatresulted in them havinghigh self-esteem.For instance,they werepraised forwhat theyhad achieved.17They likelyexperienced affection and were given enoughattention.It is also possiblethat theyexcelledin studies or in sports and were admired for it by peers.18As children,many of these peoplewere criticized,yelled at,or abusedin oneway oranother.There is also ahigh chancethat theyweregivenno attentionby theadults whowere supposedto carefor them.In somecases,adults withpoor self-esteem wereoften ridiculedfor theirshortcomings orbullied bypeers.It iscommon that these adultsalso believethat inorder to be appreciatedthey need to beperfect.19There arepeople who are obsessedwith theircareers orhobbies becausein their mind they needto tietheir worthinessto somethingconcrete.Oftentimes thesepeople haveto pretendto besomething they are notjust to getapproval.How youfeel aboutyourself impactshow youlive your life.People withhigh self-esteem tendto havebetterrelationships thanthose withlow self-esteem.20So ifyou struggleto reachout for assistance,it couldbe rootedin yourlow self-esteem.A.There isalso a good chancethat theywere spokento respectfully.B.When westart to doubt whatsimportant inlife,we tendto doless ofit.C.Since self-esteem isconnected tohow weperform,it isimportant towork onit.D.People withpoor self-esteem,on the other hand,often experiencedthe opposite.E.This creates an image in theirmind that without accomplishment theyare worthless.F.They facefailure too,but theyunderstand thatfailure orsuccess doesntdefine them.G.High self-esteem enablesyou to ask for help andsupport from the peoplearound youwhen youneed it.【答案】
16.B
17.A
18.D
19.E
20.G【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文自尊是一个人对自己价值的主观评价自尊包括对自己的各种信念和生理状态文章对高自尊和低自尊的人进行了对比和说明【题详解】16根据前文(当我们不“When wedon*t believethat weare worthyof thesethings,our abilityto enjoythem cansuffer.相信自己值得拥有这些东西时,我们享受它们的能力就会受到伤害)”可知,此处是指当我们对人生和自己产生怀疑时,就会有不好的影响所以选项.B.When westart to doubt whafsimportant inlife,we tendtodoless ofit(当我们开始怀疑生活中重要的东西,我们往往会对此做得更少)切合文意,且和前文句式相同故选Bo【题详解】17根据后文“They likelyexperienced affectionand weregiven enoughattention.It isalso possiblethat theyexcelled in(他们可能经历了感情,并得到了足够的关注也有可能studiesorinsportsand wereadmiredforitbypeers.他们在学习或体育方面表现优异,并因此受到同龄人的崇拜)”可知,此处是指他们被怀有敬意地对待,所以选项(也有一个很好的机会让人们向他们尊敬A.There isalso agood chancethat theywere spokento respectfully.地说话了切合文意故选A【题详解】18根据后文.“In somecases,adults withpoor self-esteem wereoften ridiculedfor theirshortcomings orbullied bypeers(在某些情况下,缺乏自尊的成年人经常因为自己的缺点而被嘲笑或被同龄人欺负)”可知,此处是讲缺乏自尊的人往往不被尊重,所以选项D.People withpoor self-esteem,on theother hand,often experiencedthe opposite.(另一方面,缺乏自尊的人所经历的往往恰恰相反)切合文意故选D【题详解】19根据前文(这些成“It iscommon that these adultsalso believethat inorder to be appreciatedtheyneedto beperfect.年人也普遍认为,为了被欣赏,他们需要变得完美)”可知,选项中的是指人们认为为了被欣赏他们需E this要变得完美,根据后文“There arepeople whoare obsessedwith theircareers orhobbies becausein theirmind theyneed(有些人痴迷于自己的事业或爱好,因为在他们的脑海中,他们需要totietheir worthinessto somethingconcrete.把自己的价值与具体的东西联系起来)”可知,有些人往往把自己的价值和成就联系在一起,所以选项E.This(这在他们的脑海中造成了一种形象,createsanimagein theirmindthatwithoutaccomplishmenttheyareworthless.没有成就,他们是毫无价值的)切合文意故选E【题详解】20根据后文(所以如果你挣“So ifyou struggleto reachout forassistance,it couldbe rootedinyourlowself-esteem.扎着去寻求帮助,那可能是因为你的自卑)”可知,自尊心高的人不会纠结于是否要寻求帮助,所以选项G.High(高自尊self-esteem enablesyou toask forhelp andsupport fromthe peoplearound youwhen youneed it.能让你在需要的时候向周围的人寻求帮助和支持)切合文意故选G第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Near myhouse isa library.As anenthusiastic reader,the ideatobesurrounded bybooks itselfis
21.So Ivolunteered to22it,managing books.But neverhad Irealized readinghad such23until Imet anold lady.One dayI wasarranging bookswhen I heard a lady24something at the informationdesk,where Iwent to give25,She wasin her70swith a beautifulsmile.After communication,I was26that she came to take themembership.Without family,she had27her house and settled in a nursing home,living off28the interestfrom hersavings account.Her loveof reading,even atsuch anage,never29,Her confidence,whenever she30reading,livened herup.The membershipwas31for her,so Iexplained thefee.She didnthesitate toopen herpurse and32for the amount.Noticing her33look,I offeredto payfor herbut sheinsisted JT11come and pay tomorrow.I failedto34her.The nextday shereturned,paid upand gother membershipcard.When Itook herinto the world ofbooks,hereyes shonewith excitement.She became a regularvisitor,one Id35everyNow hercute smilein mymind stillreminds meof themagic of reading.
21.A.appealing B.creative C.accurate D.unbelievable
22.A.reward B.join C.sponsor D.visit
23.A.possibility B.power C.hardship D.value
24.A.approving ofB.giving awayC.inquiring aboutD.showing off
25.A.assistance B.attention C.results D.regards
26.A.amused B.concerned C.relieved D.surprised
27.A.donated B.mended C.purchased D.sold
28.A.barely B.purposefully C.merely D.secretly
29.A.began B.continued C.deepened D.lessened
30.A.considered B.practiced C.mentioned D.recommended
31.A.costly B.informal C.unreasonable D.risky
32.A.arrange B.check C.ask D.prayfew days.3【
3.答A.案co】nf2u1se.dA
22.B
23.B2B
4..gCrateful C.uneasy D.considerate
34.A.decline B.convince C.impress D.satisfy
35.A.expect B.interview C.question D.recognize
25.A
26.D
27.D
28.C
29.D
30.C
31.A
32.B
33.C
34.B
35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文主要讲述了作者在图书馆遇到了一位热爱阅读的女士,作者意识到了阅读的力量题详解】[21考查形容词词义辨析句意作为一个热情的读者,被书包围的想法本身就是有吸引力的有吸引A.appealing力的;创造性的;精确的;难以置信的根据下文B.creative C.accurate D.unbelievable“Sol volunteeredto2it,managingbooks.r可知,作者认为被书包围是有吸引力的故选A项【题详解】22考查动词词义辨析句意所以我自愿加入那里,管理书籍奖励;加入;赞助;A.reward B.join C.sponsor D.参观根据下文可知,作者自愿加入,去管理书籍故选项visit“managing books”B【题详解】23考查名词词义辨析句意但直到我遇到一位年长的女士,我才意识到阅读有如此强大的力量A.可能性;力量;困难;价值根据下文possibility B.power C.hardship D.value“Her confidence,whenever she10reading,可知,此处表示遇到年长的女士之后,作者意识到阅读的力量故选livened herup.”项B【题详解】24考查动词短语辨析句意一天,我正在整理书籍,突然听到一位女士在问讯处询问一些事情,我去问讯处提供帮助赞成;赠送;询问;炫耀根据下文A.approving ofB.giving awayC.inquiring aboutD.showing offusomething atthe information deskv可知,一位女士在问询处询问一些事情故选C项【题详解】25考查名词词义辨析句意一天,我正在整理书籍,突然听到一位女士在问讯处询问一些事情,然后我去问讯处提供帮助帮助;注意;结果;问候根据上文A.assistance B.attention C.results D.regards“One dayI wasarrangingbooks whenIheardalady4somethingattheinformationdesk,where Iwent to give”可知,作者听到一位女士询问一些事情,作者去提供帮助故选项A【题详解】26考查形容词词义辨析句意经过沟通,我很惊讶她来是为了获得会员资格好笑的;A.amused B.concerned担心的;C.relieved放心的;D.surprised惊讶的根据下文uWithout family,she had7her可矢口,作者了解houseand settledin anursing home,living off8the interestfrom hersavings account.”到女士的情况后,很惊讶对方是来获得会员资格的故选项D【题详解】27考查动词词义辨析句意由于没有家人,她卖掉了房子,在一家养老院安顿下来,只靠储蓄账户的利息过活捐赠;修补;购买;出售根据上文以及下文A.donated B.mended C.purchased D.sold“Without family”“settled可知此处表示女士卖掉了她的房子故选项in anursinghome”I,D【题详解】28考查副词词义辨析句意由于没有家人,她卖掉了房子,在一家养老院安顿下来,只靠储蓄账户的利息过活几乎不;有意地;仅仅;秘密地根据下文A.barely B.purposefully C.merely D.secretly“the interestfrom hersavingsaccountn可知,女士仅仅靠储蓄账户的利息过活故选C项【题详解】29考查动词词义辨析句意即使在这样的年龄,她对阅读的热爱也从未减弱开始;继续;A.began B.continuedC.deepened加深;D.lessened减弱根据上文“shecameto takethemembershipv可知,女士对于阅读的热爱从未减弱故选项D【题详解】30考查动词词义辨析句意每当她提到阅读时,她的自信使她活跃起来考虑;实践;A.considered B.practiced提至;推荐根据上文可C.mentioned IjD.recommended“Her loveofreading,even atsuch anage,never—9—知,此处表示当女士提到阅读时,她的自信使她活跃起来故选项C题详解】[31考查形容词词义辨析句意会员费对她来说很贵,所以我解释了费用昂贵的;非正式A.costly B.informal的;不合理的;有风险的根据上文C.unreasonable D.risky“she had7her houseandsettledin anursinghome,living off8the interestfrom hersavingsaccount.,,可知,女士仅仅靠储蓄账户的利息过活,所以此处表示会员费对她而言是昂贵的故选项A【题详解】32考查动词词义辨析句意:她毫不犹豫地打开钱包,查看金额安排;查看;询A.arrange B.check C.ask问;祈祷根据下文以及语境可知,此处表示女士打开钱包查看金额故选项D.pray for theamount.B【题详解】33考查形容词词义辨析句意注意到她不安的表情,我主动提出付钱给她,但她坚持说“我明天来付钱困惑的;感激的;不安的;体贴的根据下文A.confused B.grateful C.uneasy D.considerate“I offeredto pay可知,此处表示女士的钱不够,所以女士脸上出现了不安的表for herbut sheinsisted,Til comeandpaytomorrow.情故选项C【题详解】34考查动词词义辨析句意我没能说服她减少;说服;使钦佩;满足A.decline B.convince C.impress D.satisfy根据下文可知,作者没能说服女士,为她付钱“The nextday shereturned,paid upand gother membershipcard.”故选项B【题详解】35考查动词词义辨析句意她成了常客,成了每隔几天我就会期待一个人期望;面试;A.expect B.interviewC.question质询;D.recognize辨另ij出根据上文“But neverhad Irealized readinghad such3until Imet anold lady.v可知,作者从女士身上意识到了阅读的力量,所以作者会期待女士到来故选项A第二节共10小题;每小题
1.5分,满分15分阅读下面短文,在空白处填入个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式1石窟Yungang Grottoes in Datong,Shanxi Province,are aworld cultural heritage sitewith ahistory thatgoes backmore than1,500years.In Yungangs45big grottoesand more than200small grottoes,36rough59,000figures of theBuddha37beapriceless treasureof humanculture.38because of the effectsof climatechange andnatural disasters,the grottoesface damageyear afteryear.复制“Thanks to39advance digital technology,researchers arebusy duplicatingthe Yungang Grottoesin anattempt40preserve theprecious cultural relics.41employ3D laserscanning technology,the researchersdigitallyrecord theshapes,colors and other finedetails of the grottoesand laterreproduce themby using3D printingtechnology.42new technologycould enablemore peopleto haveaccess tothe culturalrelics43the distance.In June,2020,the ZhejiangUniversity CulturalRelics Research Institute andYungang GrottoesResearchInstitutetogether copiedandpasted CaveNo.12of theYungangGrottoesfor exhibitionin Hangzhou.There,people couldsee theworlds first3D-printed1:1“copy”of agrotto.The Yungang44researcherattempt isagoodexample oftechnology helpingto preserveculturalheritage.It ishoped45the newdigitized technologieswill facilitatethe rebirth“of theculturalrelics,and bringthem tomore placesworldwide.【答案】
36.roughly
37.are
38.But
39.advanced
40.to preserve
41.Employing
42.The
43.despite
44.researchers
945.that【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文山西大同云冈石窟是世界文化遗产,距今已有多年的历史文章主要介绍研1500究人员使用数字技术复制云冈石窟,希望保存这些遗产【题详解】36考查副词句意云冈的个大石窟和多个小石窟中,大约有万尊佛像,是人类文化中无价的财富45200修饰后文表示“大约”应用副词故填59,000figures of the Buddharoughly roughlyoo题详解】[37考查主谓一致句意云冈的个大石窟和多个小石窟中,大约有万尊佛像,是人类文化中无价的财富45200句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时,u45big grottoesand more than200small grottoesv,谓语动词用复数故填are【题详解】38考查连词句意但是由于气候变化和自然灾难影响,石窟一年年地面临着破坏上文提到石窟的价值,结合空后“石窟一年年地面临着破坏”可知,上下文是转折关系,应用句首单词首字母要大but,写故填But【题详解】39考查形容词句意由于先进的数字技术,研究人员正忙于“复制”云冈石窟,试图保护珍贵的文物修饰后文名词短语应用形容词作定语故填digitaltechnology,advanced,advanced【题详解】40考查非谓语动词句意由于先进的数字技术,研究人员正忙于“复制”云冈石窟,试图保护珍贵的文物短语,表示“试图做某事故填in anattempt todo sthto preserve题详解】[41考查非谓语动词句意利用激光扫描技术,研究人员用数字技术记录了石窟的形状、颜色和其他细节,3D然后用打印技术重现它们分析句子结构可知与逻辑主语构成主动关系,故用现在分词3D employresearchers作状语句首单词首字母要大写故填Employing【题详解】42考查冠词句意这项新技术可以使更多的人接触到文物,尽管距离很远此处为特指应用定冠词,句首单词首字母要大写故填The题详解】[43考查介词句意这项新技术可以使更多的人接触到文物,尽管距离很远结合句意表示“尽管”应用介词despite故填despiteo o【题详解】44考查名词的数和所有格句意云冈研究人员的尝试是科技帮助保护文化遗产的一个很好的例子根据上文these可知researcher应用复数,且与后文名词attempt构成所属关系,故应用名词所有格故填researchers9o【题详解】45考查固定句型句意人们希望新的数字化技术能够促进文物的“重生”,并将其带到世界更多地方结合句意表示“人们希望”句型为作形式主语,从句为真正主语故填it ishoped that,it thatthat第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)目前一些学生因为各种原因很少参加体育锻炼,假定你是某学校的学生会主席李华,为配合你校正在开展的
46.“体育运动周”活动,请你用英语写一封倡议书,号召全校同学积极参加体育锻炼内容包括,参加体育锻1炼的好处.介绍一些适合学生做的体育项目2注意.词数不少于;1100,可适当加入细节,以使行文连贯;
2.开头已给出,不计入总词数3Dear fellowstudents,I amLi Hua,chairman of the StudentUnion.【答案】Dear fellowstudents,I amLi Hua,chairman of the StudentUnion.Nowadays,most studentsdont dosports forkinds ofreasons.They thinkthat it isa waste of time andwe may get injured in the process.In myopinion,it isvery necessaryfor ustotakepart insports activities.First,by doingsome sports,like playingfootball,ping pongand so on,we canrelax ourselvesfrom concentratinga longtime inclass.There isno doubtthat whenwe get back to study,we canstudy better.Second,doing sportsis goodfor ourhealth,so wewill beunlikely tofall ill.Third,doing sportscan helpus forma newhobby,like swimming,hiking andsoon.In thisway,ourlifewill be morecolorful.In all,we can benefit a lot fromdoing exercise.Yours sincerely,Zhang Hua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于倡议书学校的学生会主席李华写一封倡议书,号召全校同学积极参加体育锻炼【详解】.词汇积累1诚挚地sincerely—truly参力口一join takepart in获益一help benefit在我看来as forme—in myopinion.句式拓展2简单句变复合句原句Nowadays,most studentsdon*t dosports forkinds ofreasons.They thinkthat itisawaste oftime andwe maygetinjured in the process.拓展句Nowadays,most studentsdont dosports forkinds ofreasons,who thinkthat itisawaste oftime andwe maygetinjured in the process.【点睛】【高分句型(运用了引1]They thinkthatitisawasteoftime andwemaygetinjuredin theprocess.that导的宾语从句)【高分句型】(运用了引导的同位语2There isno doubtthat whenwegetbacktostudy,we canstudy better.that从句)第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料•,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文
47.On ahot Septemberafternoon,Peter andhis friendIsabel wereon theirway tothe library.When theypassed byTubmanpark,Isabel suggestedcutting throughit toget tothe library.As theyentered thepark,the sightof the(秋千)swings andthe meny-go-round broughtback aflood ofmemories oftheir childhoodspent there.But noweverythinglooked soold,sad,and dirty.Litter layon the ground next to anoverflowing trash bin.There werestill youngschoolchildrenplaying therebut theyhad toavoid the trash thatlittered theplayground.A littleboy toldthem thatthe citytooktheothertrash cansaway andthe remainingone nevergot emptiedoften.As theyheaded towardthe library,the twohigh schoolstudents wrinkledtheir forehead.In thelibrary,theyencountered Mrs.Evans,their kind-hearted fifth-grade teacher,retired yetstill passionate.Mrs.Evans listenedas IsabelandPeter eagerlyexplained whattheyd seen.Finally,she recommendedthem togo tothe CityHall tovoice theirconcerns.The nextday,Isabel andPeter wentinto thebuilding ofthe CityHall butwere metwith animpatient officer.Theywere informedthatthecity couldnthelp with their problemdue toa tightbudget.Discouraged,they leftand turnedto Mrs.Evans forhelp.Under herguidance,they decidedtoaskGo Green,a non-profit organizationwhose goalis toprotect the environment,forhelp.This groupis good at raisingmoney fbrprojects justlike yours,“said Mrs.Evans.She promisedto arrangethemto presenttheir ideasto Go Green.Hearing this,their facelit up.Two maintasks remainedahead:researching waysto cleanup thepark andpreparing aconvincing presentation.AsIsabel wasgoodatresearching whilePeter alwayshad atalent forspeaking,they cooperatedquite well.Isabel learnedfrom a sciencemagazine thata newtype oftrash bincan squeezethe trashdown withoutbeing emptiedoften,which savestime,money,and energy.Based onthis,Peter practicedhis presentationover andover again.注意.续写词数应为左右;1150请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答
2.A weeklater,Peter stoodnervously atthe backofthehall whereGo Greenwas meeting.After themeeting,Isabel excitedlytold Peterthe good news.【答案】A weeklater,Peter stoodnervously atthe backofthehall whereGo Greenwas meeting.Finally,it wastime forhim todothe presentation.Standing infront ofseveral expertsfrom GoGreen,Peter wasnervous infear ofscrewingthings up.But unbelievably,when he began tospeak,everything wentso smoothly.His voicewas clear and influential,andhisspeech waslogical andwell-organized.Peter endedhis presentationwith adeep bowand wentout towait forGoGreens decision.After themeeting,Isabel excitedlytold Peterthe goodnews.Their ideaswere approvedand GoGreen agreedtoprovide the money they needed to purchase thetrashbin.Peter smiled.It meantnot onlytheir effortspaid off,but alsoTubmanpark wouldrestore itscleanness andtidiness.Peter andIsabel decidedto tellMrs.Evans thisgoodnewsfirst andthenworked outthe nextstep theyneeded totake.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开,讲述和经过儿时玩耍的公园,发现公园破败不堪,垃Peter IsabelTubman圾满地,于是决定想办法改变其面貌在埃文斯夫人的建议下,他们决定向环境保护组织寻求帮助G Green【详解】.段落续写1
①由第一段首句内容“一周后,彼得紧张地站在大厅的后面,环境保护组织正在那里开会”可知,G Green第一段可描写彼得向作报告的情况GoGreen
②由第二段首句内容“会后,伊莎贝尔兴奋地把这个好消息告诉了彼得”可知,第二段可描写得知G Green同意提供帮助后,和接下来的打算Peter Isabel续写线索感到紧张一一顺利完成报告一一得到好消息一一与埃文斯夫人分享快乐
2.行为类
①弄糟:screw up/mess up
②开始begin/start
③同意,赞成approve/agree情绪类
①难以置信地unbelievably/incredibly
②兴奋地excitedly/with excitement【点睛】[高分句型1]Standing infront ofseveral expertsfrom GoGreen,Peter wasnervous infear ofscrewing things.(运用了现在分词作时间状语)up[高分句型.(运用了弓|导时间状2]But unbelievably,when he began tospeak,everything wentso smoothlywhen语从句)[高分句型3]Their ideaswere approvedand GoGreen agreedto providethemoneytheyneededtopurchasethetrashbin.(运用了省略连词的定语从句)听力BACAC BCABCCABBA BACCAIrises(精神病院)Van Goghfinished almost142pieces during his stayin theSaint Remyde Provenceasylum wherehewas avoluntary patientfrom1889to
1890.This piece was startedshortly afterhe arrivedthere.The hospitalgardenprovided muchinspiration for the artistduringhis stay there.Originally,the flowersin thiswork werepainted purplebut(色素)the red pigment faded over timeand has now turned blue.Cafe Terrace at NightDespitebeing paintedmorethan130years ago,this cafestill existsin Franceand hassince beenrenamed theCafeVan Gogh.This artworkmarks the first timeVan Goghsfamous post-impressionistic star-filled skywas seeninapiece,and it was painted on theground,in person,rather thanfrom memory.While theartwork doesntbear hissignature,itswidely knowntobeVan Goghs,as hementioned Cafe Terraceat Night ina numberof hisletters.Wheat FieldWith CypressesThis piecewas inspired by the view from Van Goghs asylum window and was finishedon thespot.The workwas thetitleof threepaintings thatoffer aninsight into hisstayatthehospital.VanGoghwas sopleased withthe summerlandscapethat hemade threecopies there,one ofthe samesize-which hangsin theNational Galleryand twosmallercopies whichhe plannedto gifttohismother andsister.
1.Which paintingdid Vincentvan Goghtake mostpride inA.Irises.B.Potato Eaters.C.CafeTerraceatNightD.Wheat FieldWith Cypresses.A.Purple.B.Blue.C.Red.D.Yellow.
2.What isthe originalcolor ofthe flowersin IrisesA.They werethe samein theme.B.They hadmorethantwo copies.
3.What dothe lasttwo paintingshave incommonC.They weresold bythe artist.D.They werepaintedon theground.【答案】l.B
2.A
3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文主要介绍了梵高的四幅代表作【题详解】1细节理解题根据文章第二自然段“Potato Eaterswas Van Goghs firstmajor workand,despite adistinct lackof colour,(《吃土豆的人》是梵高的第一部主要作品,尽管明显缺乏色彩,但这是他it wasone thathe wasmost proudof.最引以为傲的作品)”可知,梵高最引以为豪的是《吃土豆的人》故选B【题详解】2细节理解题根据文章第三自然段uOriginally,the flowersin thiswork werepainted purplebut theredpigment(色素)(最初,这幅作品中的花被涂成紫色,但红色颜料随着时间的推移,fadedovertimeand hasnowturnedblue.颜色逐渐变蓝)”可知,这幅作品中的花最初是紫色的故选Irises A【题详解】3细节理解题根据文章倒数第二段“This artworkmarks the first timeVan Goghsfamous post-impressionistic(这幅作品标star-filled skywas seeninapiece,and itwas paintedon theground,in person,rather thanfrom memory.志着梵高著名的后印象派星空第一次出现在一幅作品中,它是在地面上亲自绘制的,而不是从记忆中绘制的)”和最后——段.(这“ThispiecewasinspiredbytheviewfromVanGoghsasylumwindowandwasfinished onthespot件作品的灵感来自梵高避难窗口的景色,并在现场完成)”可知,这两幅画都是现场写生的on theground/spot(当场)故选DBWhen Simon Cane wasinthesecond grade,he beganlearning aboutall theways humanshave an impact on theenvironment and really took those classroom lessons to heart ina waythat sethim apartfrom hisschoolmates athiselementary school,P.S.81,intheBronx.He toldme wedrove toomuch andmade toomuch pollution,his dad,JonathanCane,told RunnersWorld.So Simon convinced his parents to start hanging their clothes to dry,taking thestairs insteadofelevators,and other“green”measures.“For muchof kindergartenand firstgrade Irode mybike toSimons schoolwith himon theback,Jonathan said.We hadalotof funbeing outdoors.Wed stoptogiveour dogtreats andgenerally enjoyedit.As Simongot bigger,一though,it wasntpractical fbrhim to ride onhis father^back,but it also didntmake sense toride together both becauseof safetyconcerns andbecause therewas noplace toput awaySimons bike.So,most ofthe timethey drovethe
1.5milesto school.But in2019,when Simonwas goinginto thirdgrade,the8-year-old cameup witha newway tohelp theplanet:running the
1.5miles toP.S.
81.And Jonathanpromised hisson hedjoin himforaslong ashe wanted.(眨眼)“We dida testrun one day inAugust,and decidedtogiveitago.To behonest,I thoughthed blinkafterit got really cold or rainy,but henever did,“Jonathan said.He recalledonedaywhen theweather wasparticularly bad.Itsreally rainingout theretoday,“he toldSimon.“And Simonsaid JWell thenwere goingtogetwet!He tookpride intoughingit out,and itbecameareally funfamily routine.”Since thestart,Simon hasrun withhis dadand theirblack dog,Lola,and haseven inspiredhis mom,Nicole SinQuee,to joinin.They soonbecame knownas“the familythat runsto school”.A.Washing hisclothes byhimself.B.Taking manyclasses afterschool.
4.What makesSimon differentfrom hisclassmatesC.Raising strangequestions inclass.D.Taking greenmeasures toprotect theenvironment.
5.How didSimon usuallygo to school insecond gradeA.By car.B.By cycling.C.By running.D.By schoolbus.
6.What canbe inferredfrom paragraph4A.Simon hastrouble withhis eyesight.B.Simon isreally stubbornand inflexible.C.Simon ismuch tougherthan expected.D.Simon didntget supportfrom hisfather.
7.What canbe thebest title forthe textA.The BestWay toGo toSchoolB.Father andSon Runforthe EnvironmentC.A TeenagerKeeps Runningto InspireFatherD.Three InspiringRunning Athletesto ProtecttheEnvironment【答案】
4.D
5.A
6.C
7.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文文章讲述一位八岁的男孩为环保做出的实际行动——和爸爸一起跑Simon Cane去上学【题详解】4细节理解题根据第——段“When Simon Cane wasinthesecond grade,hebeganlearning aboutall theways humanshave animpact ontheenvironment andreally tookthose classroomlessons toheart ina waythat sethim apartfrom his(当上二年级的时候,他开始学习人类对schoolmates athis elementaryschool,P.S.81,intheBronx.Simon Cane环境的所有影响,并真正把课堂上所学的内容牢记在心,在某种程度上这使他与布朗克斯的第公立小学的81同学们区别开来)Simonconvincedhisparentstostarthangingtheirclothestodry,taking thestairs insteadof elevators,(所以,西蒙说服他的父母把衣服挂起来晾干,不坐电梯而走楼梯,以及采取其他“绿andother“greerT measures.色”措施)”可知,当上二年级的时候,他开始学习人类对环境的所有影响,把那些课堂上所学Simon Cane的内容铭记于心,并且采取“绿色”措施保护环境,这使得他跟他的同学不同故选项D【题详解】5推理判断题根据第二段“As Simongot bigger,though,it wasntpractical forhimtoride onhis fathersback,but italsodidnt makesensetoridetogether-bothbecauseof safetyconcerns andbecause therewas noplace toput awaySimons(然而,随着西蒙长大,骑在他爸爸自行车的后座,bike.So,most ofthe timethey drovethe
1.5miles toschool.对他来说并不现实,但一起骑车也没有意义——既是出于安全考虑,也是因为没有地方放西蒙的自行车所以大多数时候他们都开车英里到学校)”以及第三段“But in2019,when Simonwas goinginto thirdgrade,the(但是在年,那时候8-year-old cameup witha newway tohelp theplanet:running the
1.5miles toP.S.
81.20198岁的西蒙上三年级,他提出了一个帮助地球的新方法:跑步英里去布朗克斯第公立小学)”可推知,二年级时主要是坐车去上学故选项81Simon CaneA【题详解】6推理判断题根据第四段(眨眼);“To behonest,I thoughthed blinkafter itgotreallycoldorrainy,but henever did(说实话,我以为天冷了或下雨了他就会犹豫一下,但他从来没有)”可知,比预料Jonathan said.SimonCane的要坚强故选项C【题详解】7主旨大意题阅读全文,尤其是根据第一段When SimonCane wasinthesecond grade,hebeganlearning aboutall the(当西蒙•凯恩上二ways humanshaveanimpact ontheenvironmentandreallytookthoseclassroomlessonstoheart年级的时候,他开始学习人类对环境的所有影响,并真正把课堂上学的内容牢记在心)”以及最后一段“Sincethe start,Simon hasrun withhis dadand theirblack dog,Lola,andhaseven inspiredhis mom,Nicole SinQuee,to joinin.(从——开始,西蒙就和他的爸爸和他们的黑狗萝They soonbecame knownas“the familythat runstoschool.拉一起跑步,甚至还激励了他的妈妈()也加入进来他们很快就被称为“跑去上学的家庭)”Nicole SinQuee可知,本文主要讲述八岁的男孩很重视环保,并且为环保做出的实际行动——和爸爸一起跑步去上SimonCane学故选项BCOn October19,1959,the firstSpecial Englishprogram wasbroadcast onthe Voiceof America.It wasan experiment.The goalwas tocommunicate byradio inclearandsimple Englishwith people whose nativelanguage isnot English.Experts saidthe goalwas admirable,but themethod wouldnot work.They wereproved wrong.The Special Englishprograms quicklybecame someofthemost popularon VOA.And theystill are.Forty yearslater,Special Englishcontinues tocommunicate withpeoplewhoare notfluent inEnglish.But duringtheyears itsrole hasexpanded.It alsohelps people learn American English.And itprovides listeners,even thosewho arenativeEnglish speakers,with informationthey cannotfind elsewhere.Today,Special Englishbroadcasts around theworldseven daysa week,five timesa day.Each half-hour broadcastbeginswith tenminutes ofthe latestnews followedby20minutes offeature programming.There isa differentshortfeature everyweekday aboutscience,development,agriculture andenvironment,and onthe weekend,about newseventsand Americanidioms.Three elementsmake Special English unique.It hasa limitedvocabulary of1500words.Most aresimple wordsthatdescribe objects,actions oremotions.Some aremore difficult.They are used forreporting worldevents anddescribingdiscoveries inmedicine andscience.Special English is writtenin short,simple sentencesthatcontain onlyone idea.No idiomsareused.And Special English is spoken ata slowerpace,about two-thirds thespeed ofStandardEnglish.This helps people learning English heareach wordclearly.It alsohelps peoplewhoareEnglish speakersunderstandcomplex subjects.Through theyears,Special English has become a very popular tool for teaching English,even thoughitwasnotdesigned asteaching program.It succeedsin helpingpeoplelearnEnglish ina non-traditional way.Individuals record theprograms andplay themover andover topractice theirlistening skills.In countriesaround theworld,English teachersassignSpecial Englishto theirstudents.They praiseit fbrimproving theirstudents5abilitytounderstand AmericanEnglishand forthe contentoftheprograms.Universities andprivate companiesin manycountries producepackages ofSpecial English materialsfor studentuse.
8.At thebeginning,Special Englishprogram was.A.well receivedB.rejected bynative peopleC.doubted bysome professionalsD.intended forteaching English
9.What kindof Englishisspokenon Special EnglishA.British English.B.AmericanEnglish.C.Both Britishand AmericanEnglish.D.Not certain.
10.Which ofthe followingare theelements thatmake Special English uniquea.limited vocabularyb.short simple sentencesc.good communicationmethodd.slow speede.interesting featureprogrammingA.a,b,c B.a,c,d C.a,b,dD.b,d,e
11.From thelast paragraphwe caninfer that.A.listening toSpecial Englishcanbea studentshomeworkB.listening toSpecial Englishcan improvethe contentoftheprogramC.some studentrecordtheSpecial Englishmaterial forsaleD.learningEnglishfrom VOAisatraditional wayfor Englishlearner.【答案】8,C
9.B
10.C
11.A【解析】【导语•】这是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了慢速英语的发展历史第一期慢速英语节目于年VOA195910月日在《美国之声》播出该节目旨在通过广播和母语非英语的人进行交流19【题详解】8推理判断题根据第一段中uExperts saidthe goalwas admirable,but themethod wouldnot work.They wereproved(专家表示,这一目标令人钦佩,但这种方法不会奏效但事实证明他们是错的)”可知,一些专家认wrong.为节目的宗旨是好的,但是方法不会起到作用,但事实证明他们是错的说明在刚开始的时候,Special English受到了一些专家的质疑,故选C【题详解】9细节理解题根据第一段中(第一个特别“the firstSpecialEnglishprogram wasbroadcast onthe Voiceof America英语节目在美国之音播出)”和第二段中(它还帮助人们学习美国“It alsohelpspeoplelearn AmericanEnglish.英语)”可知,<《美国之声》推出的一个栏目,还帮助人们学习美语,说明SpecialEnglishSpecialEnglish使用的是美语进行录制和播放的,故选SpecialEnglishB【题详解】10细节理解题根据第四段中“Three elementsmake SpecialEnglish unique.It hasa limitedvocabulary of1500(三个因words...SpecialEnglishis writtenin short,simplesentences...And SpecialEnglishisspoken ata slowerpace素使得慢速英语独一无二它的词汇量有限,只有个单词……特别英语是用简短的句子写成的……特别英1500语是用较慢的语速说的)”可知,有三点让变得独一无二,它们分别是有限的词汇、简单的SpecialEnglish句子、较慢的语速,故选C【题详解】11推理判断题根据最后一段中u SpecialEnglishhasbecomeaverypopulartoolforteachingEnglish(SpeciaI English已经成为一种非常流行的英语教学工具)”可推知,慢速英语已经成为了一种很受欢迎的教学工具,故选VOAADA recentstudypublishedinthejournalNaturehasrevealedthatourMedievalancestorsleft uswithabiologicallegacy:Genes thatmay havehelped themsurvive the Black Deathmake usmore vulnerableto certaindiseasestoday.Barreiro andhis colleaguesexamined ancientDNA samplesfromthebones ofmorethan200people fromLondonand Denmarkwhodiedoverabout100years thatstretched before,during,and afterthe Black Death sweptthrough thatregion.(易损They identifiedfour genesthat,depending onthe variant,either protectedagainst orincreased vulnerability生)(腺鼠疫).ttothe bacteriathat causesbubonic plagueThey foundthat whathelped peoplein Medievaltimes ledto(突变)problems generationslater-raising the frequency ofmutations harmfulin moderntimes.Some ofthe same geneticvariants identifiedas protectiveagainst the plague areassociated withcertain autoimmune disorders,such asCrohn9sdisease.In thesesorts ofdiseases,the immunesystem thatdefends thebody againstdisease andinfection attacksthebodys ownhealthy tissues.Past researchhas alsosought toexamine how theBlackDeath affectedthehumangenome.But Barreirosaid hebelievestheirsisthefirstdemonstrationthattheBlackDeathwasimportant tothe evolutionofthehuman immunesystem.One uniqueaspect ofthe study,he said,was tofbcus ona narrowtime window aroundtheevent.Its extremelysophisticatedand addressesimportant issues,suchashowthesame versionof agene canprotect peoplefromahorrificinfection andalso putmodern peopleat riskfor otherillnesses.All ofthis begsthe question:Will theCOVID-19pandemic havea bigimpactonhuman evolutionBarreirosaidhedoesnt thinkso becausethe deathrate isso muchlower andthe majorityof peoplewho havedied hadalready hadchildren.In thefuture,however,he saidmore deadlypandemics maywell continueto shapeus atthemostbasiclevel.Its notgoingto stop.Ifs goingto keepgoing fbrsure.”
12.How didBarreiros teamcome upwiththefindingA.By analyzingDNA samplesfrom targetedbones.B.By testingthe vulnerabilityof fourspecific genes.C.By identifyingthefrequencyof harmfulmutations.D.By focusingontheconsequences ofautoimmune disorders.
13.What doesBarreiro believemake theirresearch distinctfrom previousresearchA.It isthefirstto showa variantof genecan leadto infection.B.It illustrateshow genevariants canmake usfree ofimmune disorders.C.It focusesonanextensive timewindowaroundtheBlackDeath event.D.It isthefirstto confirmtheplagueis responsiblefor certainimmunedisorders.
14.Which ofthe followingstatements willBarreiro probablyagree withA.There willbemorepandemics causingdeath topeople.B.COVID-19pandemic willcontinuetoimpact humanevolution.C.New pandemicsmay stillinfluence howhuman immunesystem develops.D.Modern peopleare protectedfrom deadlypandemics duetothesamegene.
15.What isa suitabletitleforthetextA.Genetic variants:They makeus victimsoftheBlackDeath。