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•新初一英语暑假预习知识点大全•第一部分基础知识字母个字母的大小写•26ABCDEFGH IJKLMNOPQRSTUVWX•Y ZabcdefghI jk I mnopqrstuvwx yz•.语音元音的发音•2五个元音字母A EI0U•12个单元音•前元音[i:][i]/e/[ae]•中元音
[3][a]•后元音[a:][D][O:][U:][o][A]•双元音(8个)•合口双元音(5个)[ai][ei][au][au][oi]•集中双元音(3个)[io][Ea][ua]•.词汇词汇量,近反义词•3,句子大小写,标点符号•4•第二部分语法知识•名词名词单复数,名词的格•名词单复数•一般情况,直接加-s,如book-books,bag-bags,catcats•以s.x.sh.ch2吉尾,力口一es,4口bus-buses,boxboxes,brush-brushes,watch-watcheswi I I go swimming tomorrow.现在进行时am,i s,are+动词现在分词♦・动词现在分词详解动词的ing形式的构成规则■一般的直接在后面加上i ng,如doing,going,working,singing,eating■以e结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing,如having,writing■双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:runn ing,swimming,sitting,getting•第三部分句法・陈述句■肯定句是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:I ma student.She i s a doctor.He works in a•hospitaI.There arefour fans i n our c I assroom.He wi I I eat•Iunch at12:
00.I watchedTV yesterdayeven i ng.•
2、否定句含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如Im nota student.She i s not isn tadoctor.•He doesnot doesn,t work in ahospital.There are•not aren,t fourfans i nourcI assroom.He willnot wont eatIunch at12:
00.I didnot d•i dn,t watch TV yesterdayeven ing.•疑问句•一般疑问句是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用“yes”,或“no”来回答•特殊疑问句以特殊疑问词what,where,who,which,when,whose,why,how等开头弓I导的句子此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用“yes、no”来回答•There be句型•There be句型与have,has的区别■There be句型表示在某地有某物或人■在there be句型中,主语是单数,be动词用is;主语是复数,be动词用are;如有几件物品,be动词根据最*近be动词的那个名词决定■there be句型的否定句在be动词后加not,一般疑问句把be动词调到句首■there be句型与have has的区别there be表示在某地有某物或人;have has表示某人拥有某物■some和any在there be句型中的运用some用于肯定句,any用于否定句或疑问句■and和or在there be句型中的运用and用于肯定句,or用于否定句或疑问句■针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是•How many+名词复数+are there+介词短语?•How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语?■针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是•What s+介词短语?•第四部分六大时态结构•一般现在时概念表示经常发生的情况;有规律出现的情况;总是发生的;♦事实真理•时间n夫语Always,usua I I y,often,sometimes,everyweek day,year,month-*-,once aweek day,year,month---,on Sundayson Mondays---,etc.•基本结构主语+动词原形如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要改为第三人称单数形式•否定形式主语+am/is/are+not+其他;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加dont,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesnt,同时还原行为动词•一般疑问句把be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词eg:•■It seIdomsnows here.这里很少下雪■He i s alwaysready tohe I p others.他总是乐于帮助别人■Action speakslouder thanwords.事实胜于雄辩•一般过去时•概念过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为•时间》夫语ago,yesterday,the daybefore yesterday,last week,Iast year,night,month-**,i n1989,just now,at theage of5,one day,IongIong ago,once upona time,etc.•基本结构主语+动词的过去式或be的过去式+名词•否定形式主语+was/were+not+其他;在行为动词前加didnt,同时还原行为动词•一般疑问句was或were放于句首;用助动词do的过去式did提问,同时还原行为动词eg:•■She oftencame tohe Ipus i n thosedays.叫4些天她经常来帮助我们■I didntknow youwere sobusy.我不知道你这么忙•一般将来时•概念表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事•时间目夫语Tomorrow,next dayweek,month,year-*-,soon,in a few minutes,by,the dayafter tomorrow,•••etc.•基本结构主语+am/is/are+going to+do+其它;主语+wi II/shall+do+其它•否定形式主语+am/i s/are notgoing to+do;主语+wi II/sha I I notdo+其它•一般疑问句be放于句首;wi I I/shaI I提到句首首字母大写eg:•■They aregoing tohave acompetition withusin studies.他们将在学习中与我们竞争■It isgoing torain.天要下雨了•现在进行时•概念表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为•时间状语Now,at thistime,days,Iook,I isten,etc.•基本结构主语+be+doing+其它•否定形式主语+be+not+doi ng+其它•一般疑问句把be动词放于句首eg:•■Are youfee I i nggood today你今天感觉如何?■He i s doingwe I I i n h i sI essons.在课上他表现得很好•过去进行时•概念表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作•时间斗夫语at thistime yesterday,at thattime或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等•基本结构主语+was/were+doi ng+其它•否定形式主语+7725/亚6匹+门0++€101便+其它•一般疑问句把was或were放于句首(第一个字母大写)eg:•■At thattime shewas workingin acompany.刃口段时间她在一家公司工作■When hecame i n,I wasread i ng a newspaper.他进来时,我正在读报纸•现在完成时•概念过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态•时间状语yet,a I ready,just,never,ever,so far,by now,since+时间点,千or+时间段,recent I y,I ate Iy,in thepast fewyears,etc.•基本结构主语+have/has+过去分词+其它•否定形式主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其它•一般疑问句have或has放句首eg:••Ive wr i ttenan art i c I e.我已经写了一篇论文■The countrys i dehas changeda Iot in the pastfewyears.在过去的几年,农村发生了巨大的变化•第五部分英语作文分类指导•人物类作文1•我自己《》Myself•要涉及的话题或句型•
一、姓名My name i sWang Xiaomi ng./Thi s i sWangXiaomi ng.•注意名字有两个字时,要连在一起,只大写第一个字如王小明WangXiaoming•
二、年龄Im twelve./Im twe I veyears old.•
三、喜欢的食物水果与运动/功课等等My favour ite fruit/food i s••••I like playing badminton.•Because its goodfor mybody.••
四、经常在何时做运动或爱好I oftenpI aybadminton with my cI assmates after•schooI.•
五、家人There arethree peopIe in myfami ly:my father,mother•and I.•
六、家人职业及爱好(简略)My father is an engineer.He Iikes reading books.•He oftenasks me to go to the Iibrary withhim.•
七、结束语•I Iovemy father.And Iovemy famiIy.This isme.•人物类作文2•我的朋友《》My friend•与Mysel千的区别主语由I变He/She.动词由动词原形变为动词第三人称单数形式.代词由my变his/her•要涉及的话题或句型开头句I have af r i end.•
一、姓名H i s name i sWang Xiaomi ng./Hes Wangxiaoming.注意名字有两个字时,要连在一起,只大写第一^个字如王小明Wang Xiaoming.•
二、年龄Hes tweI ve./He stweIveyears old.•
三、喜欢的食物水果与运动/功课等等•Hi s favour itefruit food i s......•He Iikes playing badminton.•Because its goodfor hisbody.•
四、经常在何时做运动或爱好He oftenpI aysbadminton withme afterschooI.••
五、家人There arethree peopIe in hisfami ly:His•father,mother andhe.•
六、家人职业及爱好(简略)His father is anengineer.He I ikesreadingbooks.••
七、结束语•I likemy fr iend.•人物类作文3•我的一天《》My day•时态一般现在时•重要句型主语+动词原形+其它.•在几点使用at...•I getup at6:
00.Then Iwash myface andbrushmy teeth.•I eatbreakfast at7:
00.Then I gotoschool.•I haveseven cIasses everyday.•CI assesbegin at8:
00.School i s over at4:
30.•After school,I oftenp I ay tab Ie tenn i swith myf r iends.•I eatd inner at7:
00.Then I Ii stento mus ic.•I domy homework at8:
00.•Igoto bedat9:
30.•Th i s i s myday.•人物类作文4•某人的一天《》Toms day•时态一般现在时•重要句型主语(第三人称单词形式)+动词第三人称单词形式+其它.•注意与My day的区别主语由I变为He.♦形容词性物主代词由my变为his♦动词由原形变为第三人称单数形式,简单记忆方法就是动词♦后加s或esTom getsup at6:
00.Then hewashes hisface and•brushes h i steeth.He eatsbreakfast at7:
00.Then hegoes toschool.•He hasseven cIasses everyday.•Classes begin at8:
00.School isoverat4:
30.•After school,he oftenpI aystab Ietennis withhi•sfr iends.He eatsdinner at7:
00.Then he Iistens to music.•He doeshi s homewoarkat8:
00.•He goesto bedat9:
八、、■♦Yes p I ease./No,thanks.好吧/不用了,谢谢10••请求允许和应答■Can/CouId I...我可以吗?■Yes/Certa inly.Yes,do p I ease./Of courseyoumay.That sOK/a II r ight.当然可以■Imsorry,but/You dbetter not...恐怕不行/你最好不要……•表示同意或不同意•CertainIy/Sure/Of course.当然可以•Yes,p I ease.可以•Yes,I think so.是的,我想可以•That strue.可以•All ri ght/OK.好吧•Thats agood idea.好主意•I agree with you.我同意你的意见•No,I dontthinkso.不,我认为不可以•I mafraid not.恐怕不行•I reaIIy cantagreewith you.我真的不能同意•冠词不定冠词,定冠词种类:不定定词a/an aunit/an uncIe♦•元音开头的可数名词前用an:an egg/an app Ie/an orange/an eraser/an answer•/an ID card/an a I armcIock/an actor/an actress/ane-ma iI/an address/an event/an examp Ie/an opera/an houranold man/an interestingbook/an excitingsport/an actionmovie/an artIesson/定冠词the theegg thep Iane♦用法•定冠词的用法•特指某(些)人或某(些)物The ruI erisonthedesk.•复述上文提到的人或物He hasa sweater.The sweateris•new.谈话双方都知道的人或物The boysarent atschoo I.•在序数词前John sbi rthdayis Februarythe second.•用于固定词组中in themorning/afternoon/even ing•不用冠词的情况•专有名词前China isa bigcountry.•名词前有定语this,that,my,your,some,any,no•等Th isis mybasebaI I.•复数名词表示一类人和事Monkeys cant swim.They••表示肯定和不肯定■I msure.我肯定■I msure that...我肯定(后接宾语从句)■I mnot sure.我不敢肯定■I mnot sureif...我不敢肯定是否■Maybe/Perhaps.可能吧•谈论天气•Whats the weather Iike today今天天气如何?•How istheweatherin England•英格兰的天气怎么样?•Its fine/cIoudy/windy/rainy•晴天/多云/有风/有雨Its ratherwarm/coId/hot today,isnt it••今天很暖和/冷/热,是吗?•Love Iyweather,isnt it天气不错,不是吗?•What aheavy rain!好大的雨!•What astrong wind!好大的风!•购.•Can IheIp you你想买点什么?•What can I dofor you你想买点什么?•I want/1dIike/1m Iooking for...我想买点•What co I our/size/kind doyouwant你想买什么颜色/尺寸/种类的?•Do youhave anyother kind/size/coIour还有其他种类/尺寸/颜色的吗?•Isthat all还要别的吗?•问路和应答•Excuse me,wheres thenearest hospital请问,最近的医院在哪儿?•Excuse me,which isthe way to...请问,哪一条是去……的路?•Excuse me,can youteI I me thewayto...请问,你能告诉我去……的路吗?•How canI getto...I dontknow theway.•怎样才能到……?我不认识路•Go downthis street.沿着这条街往前走•Turn ri ght/1eft at the f i rstcross ing.・第一个十字路口右/左拐•Its about...meters fromhere.离这米•Is itfar远吗?•How faris it有多远?•Youd bettertake abus.你最好乘公共汽车•Which numberdo Ineed我该乘哪一路车?•I think you needa No.5bus.我认为你应该乘五路车•Sorry,I dontknow.Youd betterask thepoIi cemanover there.•对不起,我不知道,你最好问问那边的那个警察•问时间或日期和应答•What dayis ittoday今天星期几?•Whats thedate today今天几号?•What timeis it几点了?•Whats thetime,please几点了?Its July1st.今天是七月一日••Its Monday.今天是星期一,o•Its sixocIock/haIf pastfive/a quartertof ive/four thi rty.六点/五点半/五点差一刻/四点半•Its timefor/todo...到了该干的时候了•请求•Can/CouId you...for me你能替我做吗?•Wi Il/Would youplease...你可不可以.•May Ihave...我可以吗?•PI easegi ve/pass me...请给/递给我•Please waithere/amoment.请稍等•Please waitfor yourturn.请等到轮到你时•PI easestand inIine/1ineup.请站成一排•Please hurry.请快点•劝告和建议•Youd betterask thatwoman.你最好问问那位妇女•Al Ir ight.Thanks.好吧,谢谢•Why dontyougotothepark为什么不去公园呢?•Right.Ill do that.好,就这么办吧•How/What aboutgoing outforawalk去散散步怎么样?•Thats agood idea.Thank you.好主意,谢谢I thinkyou dbetter Iookit upin thedict ionary.•你最好还是查查字典•You areright.你说得对•Sha II wep Iay together我们一起玩好吗?•You shouldntstay uptoo I ate.别睡得太晚•I dontmind.我不介意•禁止和警告•You cantdothat.别那么做•If youdont getup,youI Ibe Iate forschool.你再不起床就会迟到了•Be carefuI!小心!•Take care!小心!•Dont waIkthere.The floor is wet.别走那儿,地板湿的•Make sureyou Iockthe doorwhen youleave.你走的时候把门锁好•表示感情•ImgIad/p Ieased/happy tomeet you.很高兴见到你•Thats n i ce.那好吧•Thats wonderful/great.太棒了!•Whats wrong怎么了?•Whats thematter怎么了?•Im/He s/She sworr ied.我/他/她有点担心•Oh.What shal IIdo我该怎么办呢?•Real ly真的?•Oh,dear!天哪!•Is thatso真的?•就餐•What wouIdyouIike tohave想来点什么?•Wou IdyouIike someth ingto eat/dr ink要吃/喝点什么吗?•Id Iike acup ofcoffee.来杯咖啡•He Ip yourseIfto somef ish.随便吃点鱼•Thank you.Ive hadenough.谢谢,我吃饱了•Just a Ii tt Ie,p Iease.就一\点、儿•一Here orto go一To go,p Iease.在这儿还是带走?——带走吧•就餐•Are youfree th isafter noon/even ing今天下午/B免上你有空吗?•How abouttomorrow morning/afternoon/evening明天上午/下午/晚上呢?Sha II wemeet at4*30attheschool gate4:30•在学校门口见面如何?•Yes,thats a IIright.好吧,就这么定了•Yes,Ill be free then.那会儿我就有空了•No,I wontbefreethen.不行,那会儿我没空•Al Iright.See youthen.好吧,再见•It doesntmatter.We canmake itsometime nextweek.没关系,我们下周见•IdIiketo seeyou tomorrow.明天想见你•When canyou makeit你定在什么时候?•传递信息Wi II youpI easegive th isnote/message toKate•你可以把这个留言条给凯特吗?・He askedmetogive youthis note.他让我给你这张条•Thanks forthe message.谢谢你的留言•看病•There issomethingwrongwithmyback.我的后背有毛病•Ive gota cough.我咳嗽•I fee I terri b Ie.我感到难受•I dontfee Iwell.我不舒服•Ive gota pa in.我疼•Th isp I acehurts.这个地方疼•Whats wrongwithyou你怎么了?•Whats thematter你怎么了?•Whats yourtroubIe你怎么了?•I dontfee IIike eating.我不想吃•Take thismedicine threetimes aday.服这种药,一天三次•Its nothingser ious.不严重•You IIbeaIIright.你会好的•You II getwe II soon.你很快就会康复•Take iteasy.别紧张•Dr inkmore waterandhaveagoodrest.多喝水,多休息•How Ionghave youbeen Iike this这种情况已经有多久了?・Ive gota headacheandacough.我头疼,咳嗽•Let meIook overyou.让我给你检查检查•Have youtaken yourtemperature你量过体温了吗?•求助•Help!救命!•Whats thematter怎么了?•CouId yougive mea hand你能帮我吗?•Wou IdyouheIp me你能帮我吗?•Do youthinkyoucanIend meyour bike你可以借给我你的自行车吗?•Do youmind helpingme withmy English你愿意帮我学英语吗?26••处理交际中的障碍•Pardon.请再说一遍•PI easesay thataga in/more slowly.请再说一遍/说慢点•Imsorry Icant follow you.很抱歉我听不懂•Imsorry Iknow on IyaIittIeEnglish.对不起,我只懂一点儿英语•第七部分七年级上册常用单词.•good/gud/adj.好的•morning/moini q/n.早晨;上午•Good morning!早上好!•hi/hai/inter j.(用于打招呼)嗨;喂•hello/ha Iau/interj.你好;喂•afternoon/,a:fta nu:n/n.下午•Good afternoon!下午好!•eveni ng/i:vni r]/n.晚上;傍晚•Good evening!晚上好!•how/hau/adv.怎样;如何•are/a:/v.是•you/ju:/pron.你;你们•How areyou你好吗?•I/ai/pron.我•am/aem/v.是•fine/fain/adj.健康的;美好的•thanks/0^Qks/i nterj.n.感谢;谢谢•OK/au kei/inter j.adv.好;可以•what/wot/pron.adj.什么•is/iz/v.是•th is/6is/pron.这;这个•in/in/prep.(表示使用语言、材料等)用;以•Engl ish/i Qgli J7n.英语adj.英格兰的;英语的•in English用英语•map/maep/n.地图•cup/kAp/n.杯子•ruIer/ru:I0/n.尺;直尺•pen/pen/n.笔;钢笔•orange/*orindg/n.橙子•jacket/dgaekit/n.夹克衫;短上衣•key/ki:/n.钥匙•quilt/kwi It/n.被子;床罩•it/it/pron.它•a/a/art.(用于单数可数名词前)一(人、事、物)•that/6aet/pron.那;那个•spel I/spel/v.用字母拼;拼写•please/pl i:z/interj.(用于客气地请求或吩咐)请Starter Unit3••color/R AIa/n.(=colour)颜色•red/red/adj.n.红色(的)•ye Ilow/je IGU/adj.n.黄色(的)•green/gr i:n/adj.n.绿色(的)•bIue/bIu:/adj.n.蓝色(的)•bIack/bIaek/adj.n.黑色(的)•white/wait/adj.n.白色(的)•purpIe/pa:pl/adj.n.紫色(的)•brown/braun/adj.n.棕色(的);褐色(的)•the/6i;da/art.指已提到或易领会到的人或事•now/nau/adv.现在;目前•see/si:/v.理解;明白•can/kaen/modaI v.能;会•say/sei/v.说;讲•my/mai/pron.我的Unitl.My name,s Gina.••name/neim/n.名字;名称•nice/nais/adj.令人愉快的;宜人的•to/tu:/常用于原形动词之前,该动词为不定式•meet/mi:t/v.遇见;相逢•too/tu:/adv.也;又;太•your/jo/pron.你的;你们的•Ms./miz/(于女子的姓名前,不指明婚否)女士•his/hiz/pron.他的•and/aend/conj.木口;又;而•her/ho:/pron,她的•yes/jes/interj.是的;可以•she/fi:/pron.她•he/hi:/pron.他•no/nau/interj.不;没有;不是•not/not/adv.不;没有•zero/ziarou/num.零・one/wAn/num.一•two/tu:/num.二three/0ri/num.三•four/fo/num.四five/fa v/num.五•six/siks/num.六•seven/*sevn/num.七・eight/eit/num.八•nine/na in/num.九・te Iephone/tel ifaun/n.电话;电话机•number/nAmba/n.号码;数字•phone/faun/n.电话;电话机are teachers.•在节日,日期,月份,季节前Today is Chri stmasDay.It sSunday.•一日三餐前We havebreakfast at6:
30.•球类棋类运动前They oftenp Iay footba IIaftercI ass.He pIays chessat home.•旦乐器前要用定冠词IpIaythe guitarverywell.4•学科名称前My favor i tesubject is musi c.•在称呼或头衔的名词前This isMr Li.•固定词组中at noonat night bybus•代词、形容词、副词•代词人称代词,物主代词•人称代词物主代词•主格宾格•第一•人称单数I(我)memy(我的)•复数we(我们)usour(我们的)•第二•人称单数you(你)youyour(你的)•复数you(你们)youyour(你们的)•第三•人称单数he(他)h imhis(他的)•she(她)herher(她的)•■(它)itits(它的)•复数they(他们/她们/它们)themthe ir(他们的/她们的/它们的)•teIephone/phone number电话号码•f irst/fa:st/adj.第一•firstname名字•I ast/Ia:st/adj.最后的;末尾的•Iast name姓•friend/f rend/n.朋友•China/tjaino/中国•middle/midi/adj.中间的;中间•schoo I/sku:1/n.学校•middle schooI中学;初中Un it
2.Th isismysister.••sister/sista/n.姐;妹•mother/*mAda/n.母亲;妈妈•father/fa:5a/n.父亲;爸爸•parent/pearant/n.父(母)亲•brother/*brASa/n.兄;弟•grandmother/graenmAda/n.(外)祖母;奶奶•grandfather/graenfa:60/n.(外)祖父;爷爷;•grandparent/graenpearant/n.祖父(母);•fami Iy/faema Ii/n.家;家庭•those/Sauz/pron.那些•who/hu:/pron.谁;什么人•oh/au/interj.哦;啊•these/di:z/pron.这些•they/Sei/pron.他(她、它)们•we II/wel/interj.嗯;好吧•have/haev/v.经受;经历•Have agood day!(表示祝愿)过得愉快!•bye/ba i/i nterj.(二goodbye)再见•son/sAn/n.儿子•cousin/kAzn/n.堂兄(弟、姐、妹);表兄•grandpa/graenpa/n.(外)祖父;爷爷;外公•mom/mom/,/ma:m/n.(二mum)妈妈•aunt/a:nt/n.姑母;姨母;伯母;婶母;舅母•grandma/graenma:/n.(外)祖母;奶奶;外婆;•dad/daed/n.爸爸•uncle/*AQk1/n.舅父;叔父;伯父;姑父;舅父•daughter/do:ta/n.女儿•here/his/adv.(用以介绍人或物)这就是;在这里•photo/*fautau/n.照片•of/ov,av/prep.属于(人或物);关于(人或物)•next/nekst/adj.n.下一个(的);接下来(的)•picture/piktj/n.照片;图画•girl/ga:1/n.女孩•dog/dog/n.狗Unit
3.Is th isyour penciI••penci I/pens1/n.铅笔•book/buk/n.书•eraser/i*reiza/n.橡皮•box/br)ks/n.箱;盒•penciIbox铅笔盒;文具盒•schoo Ibag/*sku:I baeg/n.书包•dictionary/dikjeneri/n.词典;字典•hi s/hi z/pron.他的•mi ne/main/pron.我的•hers/ha:z/pron.她的•excuse/ik skju:z/v.原谅;宽恕•me/mi:/pron.(I的宾格)我•excuse me劳驾;请原谅•thank/0aeqk/v.感谢;谢谢•teacher/ti:tja/n.老师;教师•about/o baut/prep.关于•What about...(询问消息或提出建议..怎么样?•yours/jo:z/pron.你的;你们的for/fo:/prep.为了;给;对•thank youfor...为而感谢•heIp/heIp/v.n.帮助;援助•we Icome/welkom/adj.受欢迎的•You rewe Icome.别客气•baseba II/*bei sbo:1/n.棒球•watch/wDtJ7n.表;手表•computer/kom pju:to/n.计算机;电脑•game/ge im/n.游戏;运动;比赛•card/ka:d/n.卡片•IDcard学生卡;身份证•notebook/*nautbuk/n.笔记本•ring/rig/n.戒指•bag/baeg/n.袋;包•in/in/prep.在里•I ibrary/laibrar i/n.图书馆•ask/a:sk/v.请求;要求;询问•ask...for...请求;恳求(给予)•find/fa ind/v.(过去分词found)找到;发现•some/sAm/adj.一些;某些•c Iassroom/k Ia:sru:m/n.教室•e-maiI/eme i1/n.(二ema iI)电子邮件•at/aet/prep.按照;根据;在(某处、某时间时刻)•ca II/ko:1/v.(给)打电话•lost/Inst/v.(动词lose的过去式)遗失;丢失•must/mASt/modaI v.必须•set/set/n.一套;一副;一组•a setof一套;一副;一组Unit
4.Where smy schooIbag••where/wee/adv.在哪里;到哪里•tab Ie/teibl/n.桌子•bed/bed/n.床•bookcase/bukke is/n.书架;书柜•sofa/*soufa/n.沙发•cha ir/tjea/n.椅子•on/on/prep.在上•under/Anda/prep.在下•come/kAm/v.来;来到•come on快点儿•desk/desk/n.书桌•th ink/0i rjk/n.认为;想;思考•room/ru:m/n.房间•thei r/Sea/pron.他(她、它)们的•hat/haet/n.帽子•head/hed/n.头•yeah/jea/interj.是的;对•know/nau/v.知道;了解•radio/*reidiau/n.收音机;无线电广播•cIock/k Iok/n.时钟•tape/teip/n.磁带;录音带;录像带•pI ayer/pIeia/n.播放机•tape pIayer录音机•mode I/mod1/n.模型•pIane/pIein/n.飞机•mode IpIane飞机模型•tidy/taidi/adj.整洁的;井井有条的•but/bAt/conj,但是•our/*aua/pron.我们的•everywhere/evr iwee/adv.处处;到处;各地•aIways/o:Iweiz/adv.总是Unit
5.Do youhaveasoccer ball••do/du:/aux v.v.用于否定句疑问句;做;干•have/haev/v.有•tennis/tenis/n.网球•baII/bo:1/n.球•ping-pong/pirjpoo/n.乒乓球•bat/baet/n.球棒;球拍•soccer/*soke/n.(英式)足球•soccer baII(英式)足球•voI IeybaII/vol ibo:1/n.排球•basketbaI I/ba:skitbo:1/n.篮球•hey/hei/interj.嘿;喂•let/let/v.允许;让•us/AS/pron.(we的宾格)我们•lets=Iet us让我们(一•go/gau/v.去;走•we/wi:/pron.我们•Iate/Ie it/adj.迟到•has/haez/v.(have的第三人称单数形式)有•get/get/v.去取(或带来);得到•great/greit/adj.美妙的;伟大的•pIay/plei/v.参加(比赛或运动);玩耍•sound/saund/v.听起来好像•interesting/intrastirj/adj.有趣的•bor ing/bori rj/adj.没趣的;令人厌倦的•fun/fAn/adj.有趣的;使人快乐的n.乐趣;快乐•difficult/difikalt/adj.困难的•re Iax ing/riI aeksirj/adj.轻松的;令人放松的•watch/wotj/v.注视;观看•TV/ti:vi:/n.(television)电视;电视机•watchTV看电视•same/seim/adj.相同的•love/I AV/v.n.爱;喜爱•with/wi6/prep.和在一起;带有;使用•sport/spo:t/n.体育运动•them/dem/pron.(they的宾格)他(她、它)们•onIy/sun Ii/adv.只;仅•Iike/laik/v.喜欢;喜爱•easy/i:zi/adj.容易的;不费力的•after/a:fta/prep.在以后•cIass/kla:s/n.班级;课•cIassmate/kla:smeit/n.同班同学Un it
6.Do youIi kebananas••banana/ba na:na/n.香蕉•hamburger/haemba:ga/n.汉堡包•tomato/tama:tou/n.西红柿•ice-cream/ais kri:m/n.冰激凌•sa Iad/saelod/n.沙拉•strawberry/stro:bar i/n.草莓•pear/pea/n.梨mi Ik/mi Ik/n.牛奶•bread/bred/n.面包•birthday/ba:6da i/n.生日•dinner/*dina/n.(中午或晚上吃的)正餐•week/wi:k/n.周;星期•think about思考;思索•food/fu:d/n.食物•sure/fuo/adv.当然;肯定;一定•How about...(提出建议)怎么样?•burger/ba:ga/n.二hamburger汉堡包•vegetab Ie/vedgtob1/n.蔬菜•fruit/fru:t/n.水果•right/rait/adj.正确的;适当的•app Ie/aep1/n.苹果then/den/adv.那么•egg/eg/n.蛋;鸡蛋•carrot/*kaerat/n.胡萝卜•rice/ra is/n.大米;米饭•chicken/ikin/n.鸡肉•so/sou/conj.引出评论或问题那么•breakfast/brekfast/n.早餐;早饭•Iunch/IAntJ/n.午餐•star/sta:/n.明星;星星•eat/i:t/v.吃•weII/we1/adv.好;令人满意地•habit/*haebit/n.习惯•hea Ithy/heI0i/adj.健康的•rea IIy/ri:aIi/adv.真正地•quest ion/kwestjan/n.问题•want/wont/v.需要;想要•be/bi:/v.变成•fat/faet/adj.肥的;肥胖的Unit
7.How muchare thesesocks••much/mAtJ*/pron.adj.许多;大量;多少•How much...(购物时)多少钱•sock/sok/n.短袜•T-shirt/ti:Ja:t/n.T恤衫•shorts/Jo:ts/n.pl.短裤•sweater/*sweta/n.毛衣•trousers/trauzaz/n.pl.裤子•shoe/Ju:/n.鞋•sk irt/ska:t/n.裙子•dol lar/•dola/n.元美国、等国的货币符号为$•big/big/adj.大的;大号的•smaII/smo:1/adj.小的;小号的•short/Jo:t/adj.短的;矮的•long/I□:rj/adj.长的•woman/wuman/n.女子•Can Ihelp you我能帮您吗?•need/ni:d/v.需要•Iook/Iuk/v.看;看上去•pair/pea/n.一双;一对•take/teik/v.买下;拿;取•Here youare.给你ten/ten/num.十•eI even/ilevan/num.十一•tweIve/tweIv/num.十二thirteen/0a:ti:n/num.十三•fifteen/fifti:n/•eighteen/ei ti:n/num.十八•num.十五•twenty/twenti/num.二十Mr/mists/先生•thirty/00:ti/num.三十•clothes/kIeuSz/n.pl.衣服;服装•store/st/n.商店•buy/bai/v.购买;买•sale/sei1/n.特价销售;出售•seI I/sei/v.出售;销售;卖•alI/o1/adj.所有的;全部的•very/veri/adv.很;非常•pr ice/prais/n.价格boy/boi/n.男孩•a pairof一^义Unit
8.When isyour birthday••when/wen/adv.疑问副词什么时候•month/mAn0/n.月;月份•January/dsaenjuar i/n.一月•February/*februar i/n.二月•March/ma:tj/n.三月•Apri I/eipral/n.四月•May/mei/n.五月•June/dgu:n/n.六月•Ju Iy/dgu lai/n.七月•August/o:gast/n.八月•September/septemba/n.九月•October/oktauba/n.十月•November/neu vemba/n.十一月•December/di semba/n.十二月•happy/haepi/adj.愉快的;高兴的•Happy birthday!生日快乐!•形容词,副词比较级,最高级•形容词的比较级■形容词比较级在句子中的运用两个事物或人的比较用比较级,比较级后面一般带有单词than比较级前面可以用more,a IittIe来修饰表示程度than后的人称代词用主格(口语中可用宾格)•形容词加er的规则•一般在词尾加er;•以字母e结尾,加r;•以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加er;•以“辅音字母+y”结尾,先把y变i,再加er•不规则形容词比较级:good-better,beautifuI-more beautifuI••
2.副词的比较级•形容词与副词的区别有be用形,有形用be;有动用副,有副用动•⑴在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后•2副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后•副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同不规则变化we II-better,far-farther•
四、数词基数词、序数词11-20•one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,•ten,eI even,tweIve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,•old/auId/adj.年老的;旧的•How old.・.?..・多大年纪?...几岁了?•party/pa:ti/n.聚会;晚会•See you!再见!•fi rst/fa:st/num.第一•second/*sekend/num.第二•thi rd/0a:d/num.第三•fifth/fifB/num.第五•eighth/eit0/num.第八•ninth/nain0/num.第九•twe Ifth/twe If0/num.第十二•twent ieth/twent ia0/num.第二十•test/test/n.测验;检查•trip/trip/n.旅游;旅行•art/a:t/n.艺术;美术•fest iva I/festivl/n.(音乐、戏剧等的)节;节日•dear/dis/adj.亲爱的•student/*st ju:dnt/n.学生•thing/0i Q/n.东西;事情•term/ta:m/n.学期•busy/bizi/adj.忙碌的;无暇的•time/taim/n.时间•Have agood time!(表示祝愿)过得愉快!•there/Sea/adv.(在)那里Unit
9.My favorite subjectisscience.••favorite/feivar it/ad j.n.特别喜爱的(人或事物)•subject/SAbdsekt/n.学科;科目•science/saions/n.科学•P.E./pi:i:/n.(二physical education)体育•music/mju:zik/n.音乐;乐曲•math/mae0/n.数学•Chinese/tja ini:z/n.语文;汉语中国的•geography/dgiograf i/n.地理(学)•hi story/hi stri/n.历史•why/wa i/adv.为什么•because/bi koz/conj.因为•Monday/mAndei/n.星期一•Fr iday/fraidei/n.星期五•Saturday/*saetadei/n.星期六•for sure无疑;肯定•free/fri:/adj.空闲的•coo I/ku:1/adj.妙极的;酷的•Tuesday/*tju:zdei/n.星期二•Wednesday/wenzdei/n.星期三•Thursday/Bozdei/n.星期四•Sunday/SAndei/n.星期日•A.M./ei em/二a.m.上午•P.M./pi:em/=p.m.下午;午后•usefu I/ju:sf1/adj.有用的;有益的•from/from/prep(表示开始的时间)从开始•from...to...从到•Mrs./misiz/(女子的姓氏或姓名前)太太;夫人•finish/1finiJ7v.完成;做好•Iesson/lesn/n.课;一^课•hour/aua/n.小时twenty•221-99先说“几十”,再说“几”,中间加连字符・23twenty-three,34-►thirty-four,45forty—five,56-fifty-six,67-sixty-seven,78Tseventy-eight,89Teighty-nine,91Tninety-one•3101—999先说“几百”,再加and,再加末两位数或末位数;586five hundred and eighty-six,803-eight•►►hundredandthree•41,000以上,先从右往左数,每三位数加一个“,”,第一个“,”前为thousand.第二个“,前为mi II ion,第三个前为bi II ion1,001-one thousandand one•・18,423eighteen thousand,four hundredandtwenty-three・6,260,309Tsix milliontwo hundredand sixtythousandthree hundredand nine・750,000,000,000-seven hundredand fiftybi IIion•序数词一般在基数词后加th♦eg.four-fourth,thirteenTth irteenth•不规则变化♦one-f irst,two-second,three-thi rd,five—fifth,•eight-eighth,nine-ninth,tweIve——tweIfth以y结尾的十位整数,变y为ie再加th♦twenty-twent ieth,forty-fort ieth,ninety-•ninetieth从二十一后的“几十几”直至“几百几十几”或“几千几百几♦十几”只将个位的基数词变为序数词•twenty-f irst,two hundredand forty-f ifth•基数词转为序数词的口诀•基变序,有规律,词尾加上-th.•一,二,三,特殊记,词尾字母t,d,d.•八去t,九去e,ve要用千替•ty将y变成i,th前面有个e.•若是碰到几十几,前用基来后用序•
5、介词•常用介词in,on,at,behind等•at表示时间概念的某一个点在某时刻、时间、阶段等•at1:00dawn,midn ight,noon在一点钟•黎明、午夜、中午on•■表示具体日期•注1关于”在周末”的几种表示法•at onthe weekend在周末-------特指•at onweekends在周末-------泛指•overtheweekend在整个周末•dur ingtheweekend在周末期间•2在圣诞节,应说at Chri stmas而不说on Chri stmas■在刚……的时候•On reachingthe cityhe called uphis parents.•一到城里他就给父母打了一个电话・in■表示“时段“、“时期”,在多数情况下可以和during互换,前者强调对比,后者强调持续indur ing1988December,the20th century在一九八八年十二月、二十世纪•
6、动词动词的四种时态一般现在时♦•一般现在时的构成•be动词主语+be am,is,are+其它如I ama boy.我是一个男孩•行为动词主语+行为动词+其它如We studyEnglish.我们学习英语•当主语为第三人称单数he,she,it时,要在动词后加”-s或-es如Mary Iikes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语•动词+s的变化规则•一般情况下,直接加-s,如cook-cooks,mi Ik-mi Iks•以s.x.sh.ch.名吉尾,力口一es,4口guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes•以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如studystud ies一般过去时♦•动词过去式详解动词的过去式的构成规则有•规则动词■一^殳直接在动词的后面加ed:如worked,Iearned,cIeaned,visited■以e结尾的动词直接加d:如I ived,danced,used■以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如study-stud iedcarry-carri edworry-worr ied(注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)■双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如stopped・不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:sing sang,eat-ate,•see-saw,have-had,do-did,go-went,•take-took,buy-bought,get一got,read-read,fIy-flew,am/is-was,are-were,say-sa id,I eave-I eft,swim•-swam,teI I-told,draw-drew,come-came,I ose-I ost,find-found,dri nk-drank,hurt-hurt,feeI-felt一般将来时♦•基本结构■be goingto+do;■wi I1+do.be goingto=will•I amgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow(明天).二I。