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Part one:structurewritten expressionDirection:In each question decidewhich of the fourchoices givenwil mostsuitable completethesentences ifiinserted at the placemarked.Put theletter of your choice in the ANSWER SHEET.25%
1.Thomas Wolfeportrayed sothat youcame toknow theiryearnings,their impulses,and theirwartsthiswas effective.[A]motivation[B]point ofview[C]characterizeation[D]background
2.The appealto thesenses knownas isespecially commonin poetry.[A]imaginative[B]imaginable[C]ingenious[D]imagery
3.If youve got acomplaint,the bestthings is to seethe personconcerned andwith him.[A]tell it[B]have itout[C]say it[D]have itknown
4.There havebeen severalattempts tointroduce gayercolours andstyles inmens clothing,but noneof them.[A]has caughton[Bjhas caughthim out[C]has caughtup[D]take roots
5.The retiredengineer plunkeddown$50,000in cashfor amid-size Mercedes as apresent forhiswife-a purchase_________________with moneymade in the stockmarket theweek before.[A]paid off[B]paid through[C]paid out[D]paid for
6.He hascourage allright,but inmatters requiringjudgment,he hasoften beenfound sadly.[A]lack it[B]absent[C]in needof it[D]wanting
7.Danis Hayesraised theessential paradoxand askedhow peoplecould havefought sohard ageinstenvironmentaldegradation themselvesnow on the vergeof losingthe war.[A]only found[B]finding only[Cjonly to find[D]have onlyfound
8.The onceseparate issueof environmentand developmentare now________________linked.[A]intangible[B]indispensable[C]inextricably[D]incredibly
9.The need to seethat justiceis done every decisionmade in the courts.[A]implants into[B]imposeson[C]impinges upon[D]imprecates upon
10.Two thirdsof theUS basketballplayers areblack,and thenumber wouldbe greaterthe continuingpracticeof pickingwhite benchwarmers for the sakeof balance.[A]was itnot becauseof[B]had itnot been for[C]were itnot for[C]would itnot havebeenfor
11.No onewou1d havetime toread orlisten to an account of everythinggoing onin the world.[A]it is[B]there is[C]as is[D]what isIIRead thefollowing passagecarefully and then paraphrasethe numberedand underlinedparts.uParaphrase^means toexplain themeaning in your ownEnglish.15%Charm is the ultimateweapon,the supremeseduction,against which there arefew defenses.If you,vegotit,you needalmost nothingelse,neither money,looks,nor pedigree.41It isa gift,onlygiven togive away,and the more usedthemorethere is.It isalso aclimate ofbehavior setfor perpetualsummerand controlledby tasteand tact.Real charm is dynamic,an envelopingspell whichmysteriouslyenslaves thesenses.It isan inner,fed onreservoirs ofbenevolence whichwell uplike athermalspring.It isunconscious,often nothingbut thewish to please,and cannot be turnedon and off atwill.42You recognizecharm bythe feelingyou getin itspresence.You knowwho hasit.But canyouget it,too Probably,you cant,because itsaquickness ofspirit,an originalityof touchyouhave to be bornwith.0r it,s somethingthat growsnaturally out of anotherquality,like thesimpledesire to make peoplehappy.Certainly,charmis not aquestion oflearning tricks,like wrinklingyournose,or having a laughinyourvoice,or gailytossing yourhair out of yourdancing eyes.43Such signs,to thenervous,are ominouswarnings whichmay wellsend himstreaking forcover.On theotherhand,there isan antenna.A built-in awarenessof others,which mostpeople have,and whichcarecan nourish.But in a studyof charm,what elsedoes onelook forApart from the abilityto listen-rarest of allhuman virtuesand mostdifficult tosustain withoutvagueness-apart fromwarmth,sensitivity,and thepowertoplease,what elseis therevisible44A generosity,I suppose,which makesup atest-cardmaking itclear that you reworth thetrouble.Charm cant withhold,but spendsitself willinglyonyoung andold alike,on thepoor,the ugly,the dim,the boring,onthelast fatman in the corner.45It revealsitself alsoin asense ofease,in casualbut perfectmanners,and often in aphysicalgrace whichsprings lessfrom anaccident ofyouth thanfrom aconfident serenityof mind.Any personwiththis ismore thanjust apopular fellow,he isalso asocial healer.Part Five:WritingWrite a short compositionof about250to300words onthe topicgiven below.15%Topic:What isthe most urgentissue theworld peoplein the21st century
12.If thereis theneed tocompete in a crowd,to battlethe edgethe sureststrategy[A]on[B]for[C]against[D]withis todevelop theunexpected.
13.Just as there areoccupations thatrequire collegeor evenhigher degrees,__________________occupations forwhich[A]so toothere are[B]so also there aretechnicaltraining isnecessary.[C]sothere are too[D]so tooare there
14.It isa myththat thelaw permitsthe Foodand DrugA dministrationto ignoredrugs whilebrand-name drugsstill mustmeet theserigidrequirements fortests.[A]specific[B]generic[C]intricate[D]acrid
15.The verybiggest andmost murderouswars duringthe industrialage wereintra-industrial-warsthat SecondWave nationslike Germanyand Britainagainst oneanother.[A]pitted[B]drove[Cjkept[D]embarked
16.The privatelife ofhaving eachindividual makehis orher ownchoice ofbeliefs andinterestwithout theoverarching pubicworld of the state,which sustainsastructure oflaw appropriateto aself-determining association.[A]isnotpossible[B]would not be possible[C]will notbe possible[D]cannot bepossible
17.from Christianityand thebarbarian kingdomsof thewest emergedthe medievalversion ofpoliticsin turnevolved thepolitics ofour modernworld.[A]of which[B]from which[C]on which[D]by which
18.The Portuguesegive agreat dealof creditto oneman forhaving promotedsea travel,that manPrinceHenry thenavigator,who livedin the1501century.[A]was[B]was called[C]calling[D]being
19.Grant wasone of a bodyof menwho wereself-reliant,who caredhardly anythingfor thepastbut hada sharpeye forthe future.[A]on themselves[B]on notmaking afault[C]toafault[D]to remainahead
20.Huntington andmany of its competitorsare workingtomakeremedial instructiona commodityasand accessibleas frozenyogurt.[A]ubiquitous[B]rational[C]necessary[D]credible
21.The schemefor rebuildingthe citycenter,owing to the refusal of therefusalof a Counciltosanction theexpenditure of the moneyit wouldhave required.[A]fell down[B]fell off[C]fell out[D]fell flat
22.If theythink they are goingto winover usby obstinatelyand refusingto maketheslightest concession,theyaremistaken.[A]holding out[B]bolding to[Cjholding over[Djholding up
23.The possibilitythat theexplosion wascaused bysabotage cannotbe.[A]broken out[B]cancelled out[C]ruled out[D]wiped out
24.The ex-president hadbeen__________in thecountry torefresh hismind beforehe passedaway.[A]give towalking[B]given a walk[C]given for awalk[D]giving awalk
25.He didnot relishappealing amongsthis friendsand of their criticismorcensure.[A]running short[B]running out[C]running thegauntlet[D]running ahead北京大学2000年考博英语真题完形填空部分Part3ree:Cloze TestFillin eachnumbered blankin thefollowing passagewith ONEsuitable the passage.Put youranswersin ANSWERSHEET.10%One wayof improvingone swriting isget into the habitof keepinga recordofyourobservations,of storing46inanotebook orjournal.You shouldmake noteson yourexperiences andon your47of everydaylife sothat theyare preserved.It issad48to beable toretrieve alost ideathatseemed brilliantwhen itflashed acrossyour49,oraforgotten factthatyou needtomake apointin anargument orto illustratea conclusion.The journalhabit hasstill50vaiue.Just51you needto recordobservations-the materialforwriting-youneedto practiceputting thoughtson paper.Learning towrite ismore likelearning toski52_______________________________________________________it islike studyingcalculus oranthropology.Practice helpsyou discoverways toimprove.Writing downideas foryour ownuse forcesyou to examinethem.Putting thoughtson paperfor someoneelse toread53youtoevaluate not54the content-what you say-but alsothe expression-55yousayit.Many writershave benefitedfromfrom thishabit.Part4ur:ProofreadingDirections:This partconsists of a shortpassage.In thispassage,there arealtogether20mistakes,one ineach underlinedsentence orpart ofa sentence.You mayhave tochange aword,add aword orjustdelete aword.If youchange aword,cross itout witha slash\and write the correctword.If youadd aword,write themissing wordbetween the words inbracket immediatelybefore andafterit.If youdelete aword,cross itout witha slash\.Put youranswers in the ANSWERSHEET.20%Examples:Eg.156The meetingbegun2hours ogo.Correction in the ANSWERSHEET:56begun beganEg.257Scarcely theysettled themselvesin theirseats inth theatrewhen thecurtain wentup.Correction in the ANSWERSHEET:57Scarcely hadthey Eg.358Never willInot doit again.Correction in the ANSWERSHEET:58not56“Humanism”has usedto meantoo manythings thingsto bea verysatisfactory term.57Nevertheless.And in the lackofabetter word.58I shalluse ithere toexplain forthecomplex ofattitudes whichthis discussionhas undertakento defend.59In thissense ahumanist isanyone whorejects theattempt todescribe oraccount ofman whollyonthe basisof physics,chemistry,and animalbehavior.60He isanyone whobelieves thatwill,reason,and purposeare realand significant;that valueand justiceare aspectsofareality calledgoodand eviland restsupon somefoundation otherthan custom;⑹that consciousnessis sofar fromamere epiphenomenonathat itis the most tremendousof actualities;62that theunmeasured maybesignificant;to sumit allup.63that thosehuman realitieswhich sometimesseem toexist onlyinhuman mindare theperceptions of the mind.64He is,in otherwords,anyone whosays that there aremore thingsin heavenand earththanthose dreamedof in the positivistphilosolhy.65Originally,to besure,the termhumanist meantsimply anyone who thoughtthe studyof ancientliteraturehis chiefconcern.Obviously itmeans,as Iuse it,very muchmore.66But thereremains neverthelessa certainconnection between the aboriginalmeaning andthatI anattempting togive it.67because those whom Idescribe ashumanists usuallyrecognize thatliteratureand thearts havebeen prettyconsistently“on itsside”and68because itis oftentoliterature that they turnto renewtheir faithinthe whole classof truthswhich themodern worldhasso consistentlytended todismiss as the merefigments ofa wishfulthinking imagination.69Insofar asthis modernworld givesless andless attentionto itsliterary past,insofar asitdismisses thatpast assomething outgrowand70to bediscarded asmuch asthe imperfecttechnologycontemporary withit hasbeen discarded.71just tothat extentit facilitatethe surrenderof humanismtotechnology.72The literatureis to be found,directly expressedor.73more often,indirectlyimplied,themosteffective correctionto theviews nowmost prevalentamong thethinking andunthinking.74The greatimaginative writerspresent apicture ofhuman natureand ofhuman lifewhich carriesconvictionand thusgiving thelie toall attempt to reduceman toa mechanism.Novels andpoems,anddramas areso persistentlyconcerned withthe valueswhich relativismrejects thatone mighteven defineliteratureastheattempt topass valuejudgments uponrepresentations ofhuman life.75More oftenthannot thoseof itsimaginative personswho failto achievepower andwealth aremore successfulthanthose whodo not-by standardswhich theimaginative writerpersuades usto acceptas valid.北京大学2000年考博英语真题判断正误部分Part Four:ProofreadingDirections:This partconsists ofashortpassage.In thispassage,there arealtogether20mistakes,one ineach underlinedsentence orpart ofa sentence.You mayhave tochange aword,add aword orjustdelete aword.If youchange aword,cross itout witha slash\and writethe correctword.If youadd aword,writethemissing wordbetweenthe words inbracket immediatelybefore andafterit.If youdelete aword,cross itout witha slash\.Put youranswers inthe ANSWERSHEET.20%Examples:Eg.156The meetingbegun2hours ogo.Correction inthe ANSWERSHEET:56begun beganEg.257Scarcely theysettled themselvesin theirseats inthe theatrewhen thecurtain wentup.Correction inthe ANSWERSHEET:57Scarcely hadthey Eg.358Never willInot doit again.Correction intheANSWERSHEET:58not56“Humanism”has usedto meantoo manythings thingsto bea verysatisfactory term.57Nevertheless.And inthe lackofabetter word.58I shalluse ithere toexplain forthe complexofattitudes whichthis discussionhas undertakento defend.59In thissense ahumanist isanyone whorejects theattempt todescribe oraccountofman whollyonthe basisof physics,chemistry,and animalbehavior.60He isanyone whobelieves thatwill,reason,and purposeare realand significant;that valueand justiceare aspectsofareality calledgoodand eviland restsupon somefoundation otherthan custom;61that consciousnessis sofar fromamere epiphenomenonathat itis themost tremendousof actualities;62thattheunmeasured maybesignificant;to sumit allup.63that thosehuman realitieswhich sometimesseem toexist onlyinhuman mindare theperceptions of the mind.64He is,in otherwords,anyonewhosays thattherearemore thingsin heavenand earththanthose dreamedof inthe positivistphilosolhy.65Originally,to besure,the termhumanist meantsimply anyonewho thoughtthe studyof ancientliteraturehis chiefconcern.Obviously itmeans,as Iuse it,very muchmore.66But thereremains neverthelessa certainconnection betweenthe aboriginalmeaning andthatI anattempting togive it.67because thosewhom Idescribe ashumanists usuallyrecognize thatliteratureand thearts havebeen prettyconsistently“on itsside”and68because itis oftentoliterature thatthey turnto renewtheir faithinthewhole classof truthswhich themodern worldhasso consistentlytended todismiss asthe merefigments ofa wishfulthinking imagination.69Insofar asthis modernworld givesless andless attentionto itsliterary past,insofar asitdismisses thatpast assomething outgrowand70tobediscarded asmuch asthe imperfecttechnologycontemporary withit hasbeen discarded.71just tothat extentit facilitatethe surrenderof humanismtotechnology.72The literatureistobe found,directly expressedor.73more often,indirectlyimplied,themosteffective correctiontotheviews nowmost prevalentamong thethinking andunthinking.74The greatimaginative writerspresent apicture ofhuman natureandofhuman lifewhich carriesconvictionand thusgiving thelie toall attemptto reduceman toa mechanism.Novels andpoems,anddramas areso persistentlyconcerned withthe valueswhich relativismrejects thatone mighteven defineliteratureastheattempttopass valuejudgments uponrepresentations ofhuman life.75More oftenthannot thoseofitsimaginative personswho failto achievepower andwealth aremore successfulthanthosewhodo not-by standardswhichtheimaginative writerpersuades usto acceptas valid.北京大学2000年考博英语真题阅读理解部分Part Two:Reading ComprehensionI,Each of the passagesbelow isfollowed bysome questions.For eachquestion fouranswers aregiven.Read thepassages carefullyand choosethe bestanswer toeachquestion.Put yourchoiceinthe ANSWERSHEET.15%Passage OneIt was a normal day inthe life ofthe American Red Crossin GreaterNew York.First,part ofa buildingonWest140th Street,in Harlem,fell down.Beds tumbledthrough theair,people slidoutoftheirapartments andonto theground,three peopledied,and theRed Crosswas there,helping shockedresidentsfind temporaryshelter,and foodand clothing.Then it was backdowntown forthat eveningsbig fund-raiser,the EleventhAnnual RedCross AwardDinner Dance,atthePierre.That swhyI havebed hairtonight,“said Christopher Peake,a RedCross spokesmanwho hadspent muchof thedayattheHarlen scene,inthedrizzling rain.He wasnow ina tuxedo,and actuallyhis hairdidn,t loodso bed,from eightcrystal chandeliers.Definitely nothavingabad hairnight wasElizabeth Dole,the wifeof SenatorRobert Doleand thepresident ofthe American RedCross.Tresident Dolehas chestnutcolored Republicanhair,which wassoftlycoifed,and she was wearing a fittedburgundy velvetevening suitu Someonemade itfor me!I lovevelvet!”she exclaimed,in herenthusiastic,Northern Carolinahostess voiceand sparklingdropearrings.Of course,she hadn,t beenstanding inthe rainin Harlem;she hadjust flownupon thethree-o clockshuttle fromWashington.Dole isextremely pretty,with roundgreen eyesanda fullmouth anda direstpersonality.She tiltsher headattentively whenshe listens.She wastherecipient ofthe evening,s award;previous awardwinners haveincluded AliceTully,PrincessYasmin AgaKhan,•••and,most recently,Brooke Astor.Not esactlyAsequence atthe endof whichyouwould expecetofindElizabeth Dole,but awardgivers arefamous forhaving politicalinstinctsas wellas philanthropicones.Surrounded bythe deep-blue swagsand goldendraperies ofthe ballroomweremore thanthiry-five dinnertables setwith grupingsof candlesand floralcenterpieces andRoyalDoulton china.American Expresswas there.So wereBristol-Myers Squibb;Coopers lybrand;the New York TimesCompany;Union Bankof Switzerland;Chemical Bank;New YorkLife;••,and PriceWaterhouse.The actressArlene Dahl,with ratherred hairand herbearded husband,presided overonetable.Otherwise,it was a typical,faceless,captain-of-industry fundraiserno models!nostars!,of whichthere seemstobeat leastoneeverynight inNew YorkCity.Itwasnot asocietynight,but stillthe eveningraised fourhundred andthirty thousanddollars.
26.from whatwe readwe caninfer that“itwasanormaldayinthelifeoftheAmerican RedCrossin GreaterNew York”means itsstaff.[A]deal withthe fallof housesinthecity every day[B]are busyhelping people who sufferfrom disastersevery day[C]work duringthe dayand tohave banquetintheevening everyday[D]go toHarlen,the poorestdistrict ofNewYork,everydayand helppeople there
27.The fund-raiser mentionedinthepassage refersto_______________________________.[A]Robert Dole[BjElizabeth Dole[C]the EleventhAnnual RedCross AwardDinner Dance[D]all thebusiness companiesattending thedinner dance
28.ChristopherPeakes hairdidn tlook sobad because.[A]he waswearingahandsome tuxedo[B]he waswearing tulipson hissuit[C]he wasseen amongflowers[D]hewassitting nearflowers andin verysoft light
29.Elizabeth Dolewas.[A]the presidentoftheAmerican RedCross andacted atthe DinnreasaNorth Carolinahostess[B]a republicanand wifeofthe presidentoftheAmericanRed cross[C]thepresidentoftheAmericanRedCross andits mainrepresentative atthe AnnualDinner Dance[D]born inNorth Carolina,became anair-hostess andlater marriedsenator RobertDole
30.The presenceof anactress atthe Dinnermade thefund raising.[A]less impersonal[B]a typicalfund-raising event[C]less personal[D]more business-likePassage TwoForlaymen ethnology isthemost interestingofthebiological sciencesforthevery reasonthat itconcernsanimals intheir normalactivities andtherefore,if wewish,we canassess thepossible dangersandadvantages inour ownbehavioral roots.Ethnology alsois interestingmethodologically becauseitcombines innew waysvery scrupulousfield observationswith experimentationin laboratories.The field workers havehad somehandicaps inwinning respectfor themselves.For along timethey wereconsideredas littlebetter thanamateur animal-watchers-certainly notscientists,since theirfactswere notgained byexperimental procedures:they couldnot conformtothehard-and-fast rulethata problemset upand solvedby onescientist must be testedby other scientists,under identicalconditionsand reachingidentical results.Of coursemany situationsinthelives of animals simplycannotbe rehearsedand controlledin thisway.The fallflocking ofwild freebirds cantbe,orthe homingof animalsover longdistances,or evendetails of spontaneous family relationships.Sinethese nevercan bereproduced ina laboratory,they thennot worthknowing aboutTheethnologists whochoose fieldwork havegot themselvesoutofthis impasseby greatlyrefiningthe techniquesof observing.At thestart ofa projectall the animals tobe studiedare live-trapped,marked individually,and released.Motion pictures,oftenincolor,provide permanentrecords oftheirsubsequent activities.Recording oftheanimalsvoices byelectrical soundequipment isconsideredessential,andthemost meticulousnotes arekept ofall thatoccurs.With thismaterial otherbiologists,far fromthe scene,later canverify thereports.Moreover,two fieldobservers oftengo outtogether,checking eachothersobservations rightthere inthe field.Ethnology,theword,is derivedfromtheGreek ethos,meaning thecharacteristic traitsor featureswhichdistinguish a group-any particulargroup ofpeople or,in biology,agroupof animalssuch asaspecies.Ethnologists havethe intentionof studyingthewholesequence ofacts whichconstitutean animals behavior.In abridgeddictionaries ethnologyis sometimesdefined simplyas“theobjective studyofanimalbehavior,“and ethnologistsdo emphasizetheir wishto eliminatemyths.
31.In thefirst sentence,theword“laymen“means.[A]people whostand aside[B]people whoare nottrained asbiologists[C]people whoare amateurbiologists[D]peoplewholove animals
32.According tothepassage,ethnologyis.[A]a newbranch ofbiology[B]an oldGreek science[C]a pseudo-science[D]a sciencefor amateurs
33.“The fieldworkers havehandicaps inwinning respectfor themselves.This sentencemeans[A]ethnologists whenworking inthe fieldare handicapped[B]ethnologists haveproblems inwinningrecognition asscientists[C]ethnologists arelooked downupon whenthey workinthefield[D]ethnologists meetwith lotsof difficultieswhen doingfieldwork
34.According tothe explanationofthescientific ruleof experimentinthepassage,“hard-and-fast“means experimentprocedures.[A]are difficultand quickto follow[Bjmust becarried outinastrict andquick way[C]mustbefollowed strictlyto avoidfalse andloose results[D]bard andunreasonable forscientists toobserve
35.The meaningoftheunderlined wordsin“the detailsofspontaneousfamily relationships”canbe expressedas.[A]natural familyrelationships[B]quickly occurringfamilyrelationships[C]animals actinglike anatural family[D]animal familybehavior thatcannotbepreplanned orcontrolled北京大学2000年考博英语真题(解释、写作部分)。