各种词性前后缀 英语知识点梳理汇总

各种词性前后缀常见前缀

1.前缀含义例词使可能丰富使能够，使有机会扩大en-enrich enableenlarge使不满意消失不同意不dissatisfy disappeardisagree dishonesty不，否定dis-诚实不利条件disadvantage不不能够不幸的不开心的un-unable unluckyunhappy做相反动作脱衣服卸货揭开un+v.undress unloaduncover不活跃的不正确的inactive incorrect不礼貌的不可能的不道德的impolite impossibleimmoralin-im-ir-il-不，非不规则的不负责任的irregular irresponsible不合逻辑的非法的illogical illegal不，非不存在的直达的，连续不断的non-non-existent non-stop错误的，坏的误解误导厄运，不幸mis-misunderstand misleadmisfortune重复，再重写，再婚Re-rewrite remarry在上面，超级超市超级名模超级明星super-supermarket supermodelsuperstar在……之下低估地下的under-underestimate underground相互，之间国际的交流，合作，相互作用inter-international interactsemi-半semifinal半决赛semicircle半圆semi-conscious半昏迷半清醒的多国的多种颜色的多文multi-national multi-colored multi-cultural多，多种multi-化的千千米，公里千克kilo-kilometer kilogram远电话电视tele-telephone television在・・・・・・上/aboard在船/火车/飞机上ahead在前面aside向旁边abroad在国外a-里名词后缀

2.后缀含义例词相关的人农夫官员n.+er farmerofficer从事某种职业、进行教师工人某种活动的人读者teacher workerreaderv.+er作家writer地点名词住在某处的人伦敦人村民+er Londonervillager女……女演员女主人-ess actresshostess售票员游客发明家演员conductor visitorinventor actor同-or er-幸存者编辑survivor editor同乞丐-ar er-beggar中国人，汉语日本人，日语Chinese Japanese-ese某国人，某国语从事某职业的人音乐家医师，内科医生-ian musicianphysician科学家牙医钢琴家艺术scientist dentistpianist artist-ist从事某职业的人家communist共产主义者socialist社会主义者行为的结果争论判断-ment argumentjudgment状态，情况，特征I幸福疾病-ness happinessillness动作，行为听写准备-tion dictationpreparation领导友谊国籍；公民权leadership friendshipcitizenship身份，状态-ship接受夕卜表；出现acceptance appearance-ance缶息参考confidence reference-ence一杯一口一盘一羹glassful mouthfulplateful spoonful以该名词容量为单位匙n.+ful的量拒绝抵赖到达赞成;批refusal denialarrival approval-al准埋葬；葬礼幸存burial survival困难可能性difficulty possibility-y社会主义唯物主义-ism socialismmaterialism形容词后缀

3.工业的国家的，民族的-al industrialnational欧洲的美国的，美洲的-an EuropeanAmerican东方的北方的南方的eastern northernsouthern-ern合理的可相信的难以忍受的reasonable believableunbearable-able仔细的，小心的兴高采烈的美丽的careful cheerfulbeautiful-ful孩子般的自私的愚蠢的childish sefshfoolish-ish活跃的，积极的创造性的破坏的；毁灭性的active creativedestructive-ive口渴的脏的有风的-y thirstydirty windy金色的，金的木的,木质的羊毛的golden woodenwoolen-en持续的各种各样的continuous various-OUS幻想的革命的-ary imaginaryrevolutionary现实的历史的realistic historic-ic麻烦的孤独的，寂寞的troublesome lonesome-some孩子般的,单纯的女人般的childlike womanlike-like友好的可爱的-iy friendlylovely粗心的无害的无家可归的无用的careless harmlesshomeless useless-less动词后缀

4.后缀含义例词力口宽削尖力口深力口强widen sharpendeepen strengthen缩短软化加快使……成为，使……shorten softenquicken-en具有美国化使开化现代化Americanize civilizemodernize国有化使……变成，使……nationalizeadj.+ize化使……化美化简化-y beautifysimplify副词后缀

5.是最常见的副词后缀，可以附加在形容词后，构成与原形容词意义相同的副词如:缓-ly slowly慢地高兴地真实地全部地纯粹地happily trulywholly simply练习动词、介词、冠词、物主代词等词后一般接名词或动名词，如果所给单词是其它词类，就要将

1.其改为名词，并注意名词数的变化lDo youknow thedeepof theriver2Hiscareful resultedin theterrible accident3He isone of thescience whosupport thistheory.答案1depth2carelessness3scientists动词、介词后一般接名词或动名词，如果所给单词为动词，就要看该动词是否有名词形式,如

2.果有名词形式，就用其名词形式；如果该动词没有名词形式，就用其动名词如lPlease payattendtoyour handwriting.32Hisarrive madethe situationworse.3The teacherwas angryat mycomelate.答案1attention2arrival3coming动词前后、形容词前后可有副词如果所需词为副词时，还要考虑副词级的变化如

4.lThe boyranquickto school.2“What sthat”Father shoutedangry.3The littlegirl isextreme eagerto knowthe resultof theexam

4.He was very tiredafter doingthis fora wholeday,but hefelt veryhappy sincethe cropdid“grow”height.答案1quickly2angrily3extremely4higher在名词前作定语，在系动词后做表语，以及作主语或宾语的补足语时，通常要用形容词如果

4.所需词为形容词时，还要考虑形容词级的变化1What sthewidth riverin theworld2Thestrength webecome,the moremodest weshould be.答案1widest2stronger即时训练5单句填空用所给单词的适当形式填空

1.Mary wasveryat thenews,so shelooked ather husband,her eyesfull of______sad.

2.He footballvery welland hewas oneofthebest inyesterday sfootballmatch,play

3.Look!How Kateis laughing!She seemsto bethe girlin theworld happy.

4.To our,the headmasterwasverywith ourreport,satisfy

5.Edison wasa great.During hislife hehad many.invent

1.1should mytask andmake itto finishit.simple

7.The boyhaving theof beinghalf starved,never to be seenagain.appear

8.The policethe potand aplot againstthe President,cover

9.You areso tohelp me.Thank youfor your.kindly

10.Everything isbecoming thanbefore andmany collegestudents hadto worktomake somemone yfor theircollege.expend语篇填空用所给词的适当形式填空ARafting is an1_excite adventure.A raftisasmall boatthat youcan useto paddledownrivers andstreams.Rafting isa goodway toexperience2natural.If youwant anormalrafting trip,choose aquiet streamor riverthat iswide andhas fewfallen treesor rocks.If youare lookingformore3excite,you maywant totry whitewaterrafting.Whitewater raftingis4adventure and5difficulty thannormal rafting.It isdone onrivers andstreams wherethe watermoves6quick.You havetobe7care notto hitrocks,trees and other8dangerous.The name“Whitewater“comes fromthe factthat thewaterin thesestreams andrivers lookswhite whenit movesquickly.BSteve Jonesis an1environment expertwho triesto keepanimals andplantsfrom2become endangered.If weknow moreabout whatcauses3danger,wemay beable totake measuresbefore itis toolate.A speciescan become4endangerfor___5differ reasons.Animals andplants musthave ahabitat orhome,which is6comfort andclean,and wherethere isenough foodandotherresources.Otherwise theycan notlive7__________comfortable.They areall usedto theirenvironment;that is,they havelearnt howtolive8succeed intheir habitat.【参考答案】

一、单句填空

1.sad,sadly,sadness

2.played,players

3.happily,happiest

4.satisfaction,satisfied

5.inventor;inventions

6.simplify,simpler/simple

7.appearance,disappeared

8.discovered,uncovered

9.kind,kindness

10.more expensive,expenses

二、语篇填空A.

1.exciting

2.nature

3.excitement

4.adventurous

5.difficult

6.quickly

7.careful

8.dangersB.

1.environmental

2.becoming

3.endangerment

4.endangered

5.different

6.comfortable

7.comfortably

8.successfully。