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考点-主旨要义之文章大意-讲考点-胸有成竹5【年文章大意考点归纳】2022文章大意点题或\考占口
八、、2022试卷类型设问年全国甲卷阅读2022C
31.What isthe textmainly about文章大思2021C篇
56.What isthe passagemainly about文章大年月天津卷20213阅读理解2021年6月浙江卷C篇
10.What isthe lastparagraph mainly文章大about意20202020年新课标B篇
27.What isthe textmainly about文章大卷II/导【年高考命题预测】2023文章大意考点是高考中的必考点一篇文章作者一定在表达或传递他的思想,因此,每篇文章一定有它的中心思想预测在高考中,文章大意题会继续在高考阅读理解中呈现2023【主旨大意之文章大意考点指南】规律方法如何概括文章大意?、做概括文章大意题时,有效的方法就是辨认主题句主题句具有简洁性、概括性的特点,文1章的中心思想往往是每段主题句的综合若文章无主题句,这就需要我们依据文中的事实、细节、观点去进行分析、推断和归纳,从而概括出文章大意、在选择答案时,根据自己总结的大意,就可以用排除法将干扰项逐个排除2考例分析【.全国新课标】B2020IISome parentswill buyany high-tech toyif theythink itwill helptheir child,but researcherssaidpuzzles helpchildren withmath-related skills.Psychologist SusanLevine,an experton mathematicsdevelopment inyoung childrenthe UniversityofChicago,found children who play with puzzles between ages2and4later developbetter spatialskills.(认矢口)Puzzle playwas foundto bea significantpredictor ofcognition aftercontrolling fbrdifferencesin parentsincome,education and the amountof parenttalk,Levine said.The researchersanalyzed videorecordings of53child-parent pairsduring everydayactivities athomeand foundchildrenwhoplaywith puzzlesbetween26and46months of age havebetter spatialskills whenassessedat54months of age.“The childrenwho played with puzzlesperformed betterthan thosewho didnot,on tasksthat(旋转)assessed theirability torotate andtranslate shapesJ Levinesaid ina statement.The parentswere askedto interactwith theirchildren asthey normallywould,and abouthalf ofchildrenin thestudy playedwithpuzzlesat onetime.Higher-income parentstended tohave childrenplaywith puzzlesmore frequently,and bothboys andgirls whoplayedwithpuzzles hadbetter spatialskills.However,boys tendedto playwith morecomplex puzzlesthan girls,andtheparents ofboys providedmorespatial languageand were more activeduring puzzleplay thanparents ofgirls.The findingswere publishedin thejournal DevelopmentalScience.
24227.What isthe textmainly aboutA.A mathematicalmethod.B.A scientificstudy.C.A womanpsychologist D.A teachingprogram.【答案】
27.B【解析】本文是说明文是关于孩子们玩智力游戏的研究,介绍了研究考虑的因素,研究过程和结果主旨大意题本文是关于孩子们玩智力游戏的研究,介绍了研究考虑的因素,研究过程和结
27.果所以是关于科学研究的(一项科学研究)符合以上说法,故选项B.A scientificstudy B【.全国新课标】C2020HI(孤独),With theyoung unableto affordto leavehome andthe oldat riskof isolationmore familiesare choosing to live together.The doorwayto peaceand quiet,for NickBright atleast,leads straightto his mother-in-law,she livesonthe groundfloor,while helives upstairswith hiswife andtheir twodaughters.一Four years ago theyall movedinto athree-storey Victorianhouse inBristol oneofagrowingnumber of multigenerational familiesin the UK livingtogether underthe sameroof.They sharea frontdoorand awashing machine,but RitaWhitehead hasher ownkitchen,bathroom,bedroom andliving roomonthe groundfloor.“We floatedthe ideato mymum ofsharing ata houseJ saysKathryn Whitehead.Rita cutsin:“Wespoke morewith Nickbecause I think itsa bigthing forNick tolive withhismother-in-law.^^And whatdoes Nickthink Frommy standpoint,it allseems towork verywell.Would Irecommendit Yes,I thinkI would.,,Its hard to tellexactly howmany peopleagree withhim,but researchindicates thatthe numbershavebeen risingfor sometime.Official reportssuggest thatthe number of householdswith threegenerationsliving togetherhad risenfrom325,000in2002to419,000in
2013.Other varietiesofmultigenerationalfamily aremore common.Some peoplelive with their elderlyparents;many moreadult childrenare returningto thefamily home,if theyever left.It issaid thatabout20%of25-34-year-olds livewith theirparents,compared with16%in
1991.The totalnumberofallmultigenerational householdsin Britainis thoughtto beabout
1.8million.Stories likethat aremore commonin parts of theworld wheremultigenerational livingis morefirmlyrooted.In India,particularly outsidecities,young womenare expectedto movein withtheir husbandsfamilywhen theyget married.
31831.What isthe textmainly aboutA.Lifestyles indifferent countries.B.Conflicts betweengenerations.C.A housingproblem inBritain.D.A risingtrend ofliving intheUK.【答案】
31.D【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道短文报道了在英国,由于年轻人负担不起离家的费用,而老年人又面临着被孤立的风险,越来越多的家庭选择住在一起,出现了多世同堂的现象.主31旨大意题通读全文,尤其根据第一段“With theyoung unableto affordto leavehome andthe oldat risk(孤独),可矢口,由于年轻人负担不起离of isolationmore familiesarechoosingtolivetogether.”家的费用,而老年人又面临着被孤立的风险,越来越多的家庭选择住在一起所以短文主要是关于英国生活方式的一种上升趋势故选项D【试题精练】【江西省八校学年高三第一次联考】
1.D2021-2022Whether itsthe slowdrifting apartfrom achildhood friend,the sudden,sharp distancecreated byadisagreement,or oneof themany relationshipsthat havequietly fallenaway during the pandemic,losingsomeone that you thought would always be in your life is deeply jarring.But friendship breakups will happen over the course of our lives,and we need tostart learninghow todealwith themin healthyways,says friendshipcoach DanielleBayard Jackson.The mostsignificant thingweneedto do,says Jackson,is normalizethe factthat sometimesfriendshipsdo endand thatcan actuallybe healthy.However,we haventbeen taughtto carrythisexpectation intoour friendrelationships.(透镜)“Were notlooking atour friendsthrough alens ofGosh,I hopethis worksout,but welldothat witha romanticpartner forsure Jsays Jackson.“With apartner,we wonderif theyregoing to be theone.But withfriends,we assumethey1re theone fromthe minutewe establishthat welike eachother.”And becausewe dontview theloss ofa friendshipas a normal occurrence,it feelslike apersonalfailing whenit happensand somethingwe shouldbe ashamedof.Or,as Jacksonputs it,“If friendship is supposedto beeasy andyours ended,what didyou dowrong”But thatisnt thecase.Friendships,like anyrelationship,sometimes arentmeant to be andeven ifthey are,maintainingthem takesreal work.Kristen Newtonhas beeninterested inthis workfor yearsand foundedHEARTConvos,which aimsto helppeople whofeel stuckin unsatisfyingfriendships havethe kindof openandhonest communicationthat keepsa friendshiphealthy.“Ithinkwe feelblindsided becausewe belittlethe valueand significanceof oursocial connectionsandfriendship.Yet werecognize theweight thatthey carrywhen theydont workout,and weexperiencethat hurtand disappointmentJ shesays.
12.What isthe textmainly aboutA.How toregain afriendship thathas ended.B.The lossofafriendshipisanormaloccurrence.C.Why friendshipbreaks upover thecourse ofour lives.D.Many relationshipshave fallenaway duringthe pandemic.【答案】
12.B【解析】本文是议论文文章主要讲述有关朋友和友谊的看法主旨大意题根据第一段
12.Whether ifsthe slowdrifting apartfrom achildhood friend,the sudden,sharp distancecreated bya disagreement,or oneof themany relationshipsthat havequietly fallenaway辿血(不duringthepandemic,losing someonethatyouthoughtwouldalwaysbeinyourlifeisdeeplyjg.管是否是童年朋友的缓慢的转变,由意见不合造成的突然的巨大的距离,或者是许多关系在疫情期间渐渐地分开,失去某个你认为在你人生中会永远在的人是很令人不安广和第二段“But(但是友谊的破裂在我们的人生中是会发friendshipbreakupswillhappenoverthecourseofourlives生的户可知,这篇文章主要讲述失去朋友,失去友谊在人生中是常有的事情故选B【陕西省渭南市届高三教学质量检测一模】
2.D2022The earliesttomatoes werelittle sourberries.They grewamong lowbushes indry,sunny placesin theAndesMountains inSouth America.It wasabout350million yearsago.(茄属植物),Tomato plantsare relativeto nightshadewhich haspoison.The leavesand stemsoftomato plantshave poison,but theberries aregood toeat.The berriesare redso thatanimals canfind themeasilyand eatthem.The animalscarry theseeds toother places.That washow earliesttomato plantsfoundnew placesto grow.Tomatoes arealso relativeto tobacco,chili peppersand potatoes.When peoplefirst cameto SouthAmerica about20,000yearsago,they atethese tinywild tomatoes.Travelers broughta fewkinds ofwild tomatoplants fromthe Andesto CentralAmerica,there theancestorsof theMaya beganto farmthem.Nobody knowsexactly whenpeople beganfarming tomatoes,but itprobably wasmuch laterthan cornand beans,and itwas surelybefore500BC.These CentralAmerican fannersbred tomatoestobebigger andsweeter thanthe wildones.By thetime Spanishexplorers gotto Tenochtitlanin Mexicoin1521AD,the Aztecpeople ereeating(剁|碎的)a lot of tomatoes,made asauce ofchopped tomatoes,onions,salt andchili peppersthat wasalot likeour salsa.The word“tomato“comes fromtheir Nahuatlword tomato”.Because tomatoes werent farmeduntil pretty late,farmers furthernorth hadnot yetbeen ableto adaptheirgrowing seasonto workingin North America.Even today,its prettyhardtoget yourtomatoes ripeinthe northernpartsofNorthAmericabefore thegrowing seasonends.
15.What isthe textmainly aboutA.How togrow tomatoes.B.The historyof tomatoes.C.When togrow tomatoes.D.The placeswhere tomatoesgrow.【答案】
15.B【解析】这是一篇说明文文章介绍了西红柿的历史主旨大意题阅读文章内容,并根据第一段.(最早
15.“The earliesttomatoeswerelittle sourberries的西红柿是小的酸浆果),第三段第一句“When peoplefirst cameto SouthAmerica about20,000years(大约万年前,当人们第一次来到南美洲时,他们吃这些ago,they atethese tinywild tomatoes.2小小的野生番茄)”和第四段第一句By thetime Spanishexplorers gotto Tenochtitlanin Mexicoin(当西班牙探险家在年到达墨西哥的特1521AD,the Aztecpeople ereeating alotoftomatoes1521诺奇蒂特兰时,阿兹特克人吃了很多西红柿广和最后一段Because tomatoeswerent fanneduntil(因为西红柿是很晚才开始种植的)可知,本文介绍了西红柿的历史故选prettylate,B【吉林省长春市重点高中届高三下学期第三次模拟】
3.C2022(猩猩)One ofthe greatestchallenges incaring forsuch intelligentanimals as chimpanzees isprovidingthem withenriching experiences.Every day,the chimpanzeesat ProjectChimps receivemorningand eveningfood-based enrichmentdevices,but caregiversare alwayslooking formore waystokeep the chimps mentally engaged.With79chimpanzees,each withtheir distinctivepersonality,care staffoftenfind thatdifferent chimpsreact differentlyto newenrichment.Last year,we beganinviting musiciansto performfor chimpsto seewhat theymay respond.A violinperformancereceived quitethe response.Additional musicianswere linedup tovisit butthe coronavirushasstopped theactivities,which wehope toresume inthe nearfuture.This pastweek,we broughtan electricpiano for the chimpsto investigate.Some chimps,like twinsButtercupand Clarisse,were immediatelyinterested andcould notwait totap outa fewnotes.Others,likeEmma,weremoreinterested intrying totake itapart.29-year-old Precioushas verylittle toleranceforthe piano.She satoff to the sidefor afew minutes,but eventuallyshe decidedthat wasenough.She calledan endtotheenrichment sessionby throwingahandful ofwaste atthe piano.Receiving hermessage loudand clear,we removedthepiano.We couldnever haveguessed how33-year-old Lukewould reactto it.As withmany retiredlabchimpanzees,Luke hassome anxietyissues.He seemsparticularly distrustfulof anythingnew,includingpeople,food,and enrichment.But whenwe presentedthe chimpswiththepiano,Luke wasthe firsttoinvestigate.We couldnot believeour eyes—this usuallyanxious chimpanzeebravely choseto exploresomethingnew!To usat ProjectChimps,this iswhat itis allabout:giving chimpanzeesthe freedomto choose.We arehonored tobe part of their journey.
11.What isthe textmainly aboutA.How caregiverscare forthe retiredchimpanzees.B.What carestaff doto enrichchimpanzees9daily life.C.How chimpanzeesare trainedthrough variousenrichment.D.What ProjectChimps doesto observeand studywild chimps.【答案】IL B【解析】这是一篇记叙文主要讲述了“黑猩猩计划”的护理人员如何通过各种方法丰富黑猩猩的生活的故事主旨大意题根据第一段前两句
11.One ofthe greatestchallenges incaring forsuch intelligentanimals(猩猩)aschimpanzeesis providingthem withenriching experiences.Every day,the chimpanzeesatProject Chimpsreceive morningand eveningfood-based enrichmentdevices,but caregiversare always(照顾像黑猩猩这样聪明的动物最大的looking formore waysto keepthechimpsmentallyengaged.挑战之一是为他们提供丰富的生活体验每天,“黑猩猩计划”的黑猩猩都会收到早晚的伴随食物一起的丰富体验,但护理人员总是在寻找更多的方法让黑猩猩保持精神状态)以及最后一段”,To usat ProjectChimps,this iswhat itis allabout:giving chimpanzeesthe freedomto choose.We are(对于从事黑猩猩计划的我们来说,这就是它的全部意义给予honoredtobepartoftheirjourney.黑猩猩选择的自由我们很荣幸能成为他们旅程的一部分)”可知,本文主要讲述了参与“黑猩猩计一划”的护理人员为了丰富黑猩猩的生活而采取的各种措施;选项意为“护理人员如何丰B富黑猩猩的日常生活”,与原文相符故选项B。