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阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑【宁夏银川市唐彳来回民中学2014试题】AAn8,0-year-oId manwas sittingon thesofa inhis housealong withhis45-year-old highlyeducatedson.Suddenly a crow(乌鸦)perched on the treenear theirwindow.The fatherasked his son,“What isthis”The sonreplied,“It is a crow.”After afew minutes,the fatherasked his son the2nd time,“What isthis”The son said,Father,I havejust nowtold youIt sa crow.After alittle while,the oldfather again asked his son the3rd time,“What isthis”“Its a crow,a crow,a crow.”said the son loudly.A littleafter,the fatheragainaskedhis son the4th time,“What isthis”This time the sonshoutedat hisfather,“Why doyou keepasking methe same question again and again’IT ISACROW.Are younot ableto understandthis”A littlelater thefather wentto hisroom andcame backwith anold diary,which hehad keptsincehis sonwas born.On openinga page,he askedhissonto readthat page.When theson readit,the followingwords werewritten in the diary:“Today mylittle son aged threewas sittingwith meon thesofa whena crowwas sittingonthe window.My sonasked me23times whatit was,and Ireplied tohim all23times thatit wasa crow.I huggedhim lovinglyeach timehe askedmethesame questionagain andagain for23times.I didnot atall feelannoyed;I ratherfelt affectionfor myinnocent child.
21.In whattone didthesonsay tohis FatherIt sacrow,acrow,acrow.A.impatient B.excited C.hurried D.surprisedA Becausehe wantedto makehissonangry..Because hewastoo oldto rememberanything.BBecause hecouldn,t understandwhat hissonsaid..Because hewantedto seehow patienthis,son would be.C
22.Why didthe Fatherask thesame questionagainandagain
23.How oldwas.the oldman whenhissonasked him23times“What isthis”A.35years old.B.38years old.C.45years old.D.80years old.
24.What isthe mostsuitable titlefor the passageA.A crow.B.Father,s love.C.An olddairy.【参考答案】ADBBD.An oldman.ATemperature ismeasured bymeans ofa thermometer(温度计).One generalform of thermometer dependsuponthe fact that mostsolids andliquids expandas theirtemperaturerises.There areone ortwo exceptions.There is,for instance,a kindof steelcalled invar(from“invariable)which does not change its dimensionsas temperaturechanges;it isvaluable formaking pendulums(钟摆),since,if thelength ofa pendulumchanges,its timeof vibrationchanges.It isalso usedfor makingveryaccurate measuringscales.In bothcases,then,changes ofatmospheric temperaturehave noeffect ifinvaris used.Another exceptionis thatvery oddliquid,water,which has many strangeproperties(特性).As watergetscolder itcontracts(收缩),which isordinary behavior,until itreaches thetemperature of30℃.abovefreezing point.After that,as itgets colder,it expands.This isfortunatefor consideringthe freezingofa pond.As thewateron topgets colder,it shrinks;and so,volume forvolume,it becomesheavier andsinks.This goeson untilallthe pondis at30℃,but afterthat,as thewater becomescolder itexpands.Therefore the colder waterstayson topand freezes,covering the pond withice.If thewater wenton contractingdown to the freezingpoint,thepondwould becomea solidblock ofice in the end.This wouldnot worrypeople who live inhotclimates,but it would bevery seriousfor those wholive in coldclimates,especially forthosewhowantto breakthe iceand catchfish whichliveinthecoldwater beneath.
1.Invar isvaluable formaking pendulumsbecause.A.it canhardly changeits shapeor sizeas temperaturechanges.it willchangeitsdimensions withoutthe changeof temperature.B.its timeof vibrationdoesn tchange ifits lengthchanges.C.its timeof vibrationdoesnotchange ifits lengthchanges.D.As watergets colderafter reachingthe temperatureof30℃.it will
2.contract B.shrink C.expandD.freezeA.Which of the followingstatements is true,according tothis passage
3.Only invarcan beused tomake athermometer.A.Only watercan beused tomake athermometer.B.Both invarand watercan beused tomake athermometer.C.Neither invarnor watercan beused tomake athermometer.D.The besttitle ofthis passageis mostlikely tobe
4.Temperature MeasurementB.Two ExceptionsA.Uses ofInvar D.Properties ofWater【参考答案】1—
4、ACDB阅读理解----------DLots of people havehobbies.Some peoplecollect oldcoins orforeign stamps;some doneedlework;,othersspend mostof theirspare timeonaparticular sport.A lotofpeopleenjoy reading.But readingtastes differwidely.Some peopleonly,read newspapersor comics,some likereading novels,while othersprefer bookson astronomy,wildlife,or technologicaldiscoveries.If Ihappen tobe interestedin horsesor preciousstones,..I cannotexpect everyoneelse toshare myenthusiasm.If Iwatch allthe sportsprograms onTV withgreat pleasure,I mustput upwith the factthatother peoplefindsports boring.Is there nothing thatinterests usall Istherenothingthat concernseveryone一no matterwho theyare orwhere they liveinthe world Yes,dear Sophie,there arequestions thatcertainly shouldinterest everyone.They areprecisely thequestions thiscourse isabout.What isthe most important thingin lifeIf weask someoneliving onthe edgeof starvation,the answerisfood.If weask someonedying ofcold,the answeris warmth.If weput thesamequestionto someonewho feelslonelyand isolated,the answerwill probablybe thecompany ofother people.But whenthese basicneeds havebeen satisfied一will therestill besomething thateverybody needsPhilosophersthink so.They believe that mancannot liveby breadalone.Of courseeveryone needsfood.Andeveryone needslove andcare.But there is somethingelse一apart fromthat一which everyoneneeds,and thatisto figureout who we are and why we are here.Being interestedin whywe arehereisnot a“casual”interest likecollecting stamps.People whoask suchquestionsare takingpart ina debatethat hasgone onas longasmanhas livedon thisplanet.How theunive.rse,the earth,and lifecame intobeing isa biggerand moreimportant questionthan whowon the most goldmedalsin thelast Olympics.
13.This textis mostprobably takenfrom.A.a researchpaper B.a coursescheduleC.a personalletter D.a bookreview
14.Which ofthe followingbest statesthe mainidea ofthe passageA.Philosophical questionsare asinteresting ascollecting stamps.B.Thinking aboutphilosophical questionsisaserious interest.C.Figuring out whowe areand whywe arehereis mans basicneeds.D.Philosophy hasuniversal appealand concernseverybody innature.
15.The authorbelieves that.A.no existingsubject caninterest everyoneintheworldB.different peoplemay havedifferent interestsand concernsC.everyone hasto figureoutwhoweareandwhywearehereD.people inmodern societypay moreattention tophilosophical questions【参考答案】13—
15、CDC【湖南省怀化市2014高考英语一模试题】CAlthough catsmay beone ofthemostpopular petstoday,little isknown abouthow andwhen humansand catssetup theirclose relationship.The earliestevidence for human-cat interactiondates backto prehistoricCyprus(史前塞浦路斯),wheretheremains ofa wildcat anda human一dated9,500years old—were foundburied together.A newstudy inthe ProceedingsoftheNational Academyof Scienceshas confirmedthe firstdirect evidenceofa human-domestic catrelationship amongChinese farmers5,300years ago.Researchers studiedthe bonesofcats,dogs,deer andother animalsunearthed inan excavation(挖掘)near avillage inCentral China.By usingsome ways,scientists showedthat the cats wereliving ona mostlymillet(黍)-based diet,justlike the domesticated dogs and pigs from the site.“The mostreasonable explanationfor ahigh consumptionof millet-based foodis that the catshad formedastable andmutual relationshipwith humansand couldeasily feedon rodents(啮齿动物)around humanvillages,find leftoverfood oreven havebeen fedby peopleintentionally,,z saidHu Yaowufrom theChinese AcademyofSciences inBeijing,whose researchfocuses onthe relationshipbetween humansand domesticatedanimals.〃It isvery interestingfor usto findthe consumptionof millet-based foodsby thecats,since thiskindof evidencehad longbeen missing.Hu explains.Since catsusually eatmeat,such adiet would be unexpected,unless thecats werebeing fedby people,the studyargues.The researchersalso foundthat one ofthecatssurvived toreach oldage,implying thatit hada safeplace tolive andenough toeat.Why thefarmers wantedto keepcats nearbyor makethem〃pets〃could be answered byother evidence.Chinesearchaeologists found some storagecontainers werespecifically designedto keepout rodents一a vermin(害兽)that cats could certainly have helped with.The simplifiedtheory isthat ratswere attracted tothefood offarmers,and sowere harmfulto farmers.Cats wereattractedtothe rats,and sofarmers formeda mutuallybeneficial relationshipwith cats,takingcare ofthem inreturn forpest control.【小题11The evidencefound inthe remainsdating backto prehistoricCyprus means.A.human madecats petsas earlyas9,500years agoB.human interactedwith catsvery earlyC.cats didn,t appearuntil prehistoricCyprusD.when catsbecame domesticated【小题2】Apart fromcats,Hu Yaowuand histeams mayalso study.A.the preventionsof pestsfrom grainsB.the historyof ChinesefarmingC.the dogsand pigsD.the waysto keeppets【小题3]Which ofthe followingis NOTthe evidenceof Chinesefarms keepingcats A.Cats didnt feedonmeat.B.The catsconsumed largeamounts ofmillet-based foods.C.One ofthecatssurvived toreach oldage.D.Some storagecontainers werespecifically designedto keepout rodents.【小题4】What arethe reasonsforfarmers to keep catsA.Helping keepother domesticatedanimals.B.Not lettingcats eatfood.C.Supplying meatforhuman.D.Helping reducethe amountofpests.[小题5]In whichpart ofa newspaperwouldbethepassagemost probablyappear.A.Entertainment B.EnvironmentC.Human andScience D.Life andfashion【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】C【小题3】A【小题4]D【小题5】C【解析】试题分析文章介绍了通过调查发现人和猫的联系是什么时候开始的,也介绍了以前的农民为什么养猫的原因【小题1】细节题:从文章第二段的句子:The earliestevidence forhuman-cat interactiondates backto prehistoric(史前塞浦路斯)Cyprus,wheretheremains ofa wildcat anda human—dated9,500years old—were foundburied可知史前塞浦路斯发现的遗体的证据表明人类和猫很久以前就有了互动,选together.B【小题】细节题从文章第二段的句子瀛)一2scientists showedthatthecats wereliving ona mostlymillet based.可知除了猫,和他的团队还研究了狗,和猪,diet,just likethedomesticateddogsandpigsfromthesiteHu Yaowu选【小题】细节题从文章第四段可知是对的,从第五段可知是对的,从第六段说明是对的,文章C3B CD第五段说是说猫通常是吃肉的,这不是为什么农Since catsusually eatmeat,such adiet wouldbe unexpected,民养猫的原因,所以选A【小题4】细节题从文章倒数第二段的句子Chinese archaeologistsfoundsomestorage(兽)containers werespecifically xiesignedtokeepout rodents—a verminW thatcatscouldcertainlyhavehelpedwith.可知农民养猫是帮助减少一种害兽,选【小题文章出处题文章介绍了通过调查发现人和猫的联系是什D5]么时候开始的,也介绍了为什么人要养猫,所以是报纸人类与科学类版面的文章,选C考点考查科普类短文阅读理解
(一)NASA sMars detector(探测者给,Opportunity,succeeded infinding signsthat water once existedonthe planet.Opportunity landedon Marsin January.Scientists nowbelievethatthe planetcouldonce havesupported life.This discoverywas chosenby Science,one oftheworld,s leading magazines,as themostimportantscientificachievement of2004last Friday.“This little,wheeled,one-armed boxwen.t aroundanother planetand hasdonesomething nohuman,has evermanaged,according toScience.It hasdiscovered anotherplace inthe universewherelife couldonce haveexisted.”“Although westill cant saythat lifecould haveexisted inthis environment,it isnow certainthat therewas water on Mars,“said SteveSquyres,oneofthe scientistsworking onthe Marsmission.The evidencecomesfrom pictures and chemical readings takenby Opportunity.It includesmarks on rocks likethose causedby flowing wateron Earthand salty chemicals likethose foundin dried-out sea-beds.Scientists saidthenew evidenceproved beyonddoubt that water hasbeen existedon Mars.But it is stillunknown whetherthewater on Mars was like an ocean orjust ice.While Opportunityhas notfound anysigns oflife,the presenceof watermeans lifeis possible.In everythingweknow aboutlife onEarth,there isno examplewithout liquidwater,Squyres said.So wateris importantforthe searchfor life on Mars.”Researchers agreethat afuture mission(任务)should bringback physicalsamples(样品).But somescientistsworry aboutthe riskthat thiscould introducedangerous foreign creatures to Earth.The problemhere ishowto getthe samplesback,“Squyres replied.I thinkitisour responsibilityto limitany risk.”
1.prove thatwater existedon Mars.A.The physicalsamples withsaltychemicalsB.The marks onrocksand saltychemicalsC.Scientific achievementsof2004D.Creatures fromMars
2.Which ofthe followingistrueaccording tothe textA.It isnow certainthat therewas wateronMars.B.The wateronMarswaslikeanocean.C.Evidence oflife onMars hasbeen found.D.Search forlifeonMars isa greatrisk to humans.
3.How didscientists drawthe conclusionthat therewaswateron MarsA.The worldsleadingmagazinehas announcedt「hefact.B.Scientists havetaken manypicturesandchemicalreadingsontheMars.C.Astronauts havegot somerocks fromMars.D.Scientists havemade astudy ofthe picturesand readingssent backby Marsdetector.
4.It canbe inferredthat,if thecreatures fromMars cameto Earth,.A.they wouldbe kindtohumansB.they wouldbe cruelto humansC.they wouldbeagreat dangerto EarthD.itwouldbe hardto saywhether itwouldbea goodnews orbad news
1.B事实细节题根据短文第五段“It includesmarksonrocks likethose causedbyflowingwateronEarthand saltychemicals likethose foundin dried-out sea-beds”一句可知岩石上有类似地球上水流的痕迹和化学物
2.A事实细节题根据第二段“succeeded infinding signsthatwateronce existedontheplanet一句可判断,火星上有水
3.D事实归纳题人们对火星的研究是通过探测器“机遇号”发回的图片和数据进行分析得出的,人类还没有登上火星,所以B、C两项不符文意A项“杂志上报道的”更不能作为结论的根据
4.D推测题根据短文最后一段usome scientistsworry aboutthe riskthat thiscouldintroduce dangerousforeigncreaturestoEarth”的意义,科学家有这种担心外星人是否会对人类造成危害由此可推测如果外星人来地球,是好是坏不得而知。