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天津市宁河县2014高考英语阅读理解训练
(3)及答案(解析)阅读理解The Tibetan Plateau(青藏高原)is the worlds highestplace.Its fourtimes thesize ofFranceand hometo most of the world,s highestmountains.As youmight expect,its coldthere.And itmay bethat thedeep chill of the TibetanPlateau playeda role in theevolution ofsome of theworld,s mostcharismatic(魅力十足的)animals.Thats thebelief of a scientistwho discoveredthe skullof awoolly rhino(长毛犀)on theTibetan Plateau.The woolly rhino一two tons,two tusks,lots ofhair andlots of attitude一was anIceAge giant.It livedwith otherIce Agebeasts inEurope andAsia,starting about
2.5millionyears ago.But Xiaoming Wang,from theNatural HistoryMuseum ofLos AngelesCounty,was shockedwhenhe founda
3.5-mi11ion-year-old rhinoskull(头骨化石)on theTibetan Plateau.〃It caughtus bycomplete surprisethat they are actuallyup in the highplateau wellbeforethe Ice Age hasstarted,Wang says.That,s abouta millionyears beforethe IceAge started,in fact.Wang thinkshis discoveryshowsthat atleast someanimals wereprepared for the IceAge.〃At leastin thecase of thewoolly rhino,it actuallyadapted itselfin thecold environmentin theTibetanPlateau beforethe IceAge haseven started,/z Wangsays.“The animalactually usedits headto sweep snow,“Wang explains,〃so theycan getat the vegetationbelow thesnow cover.,zSo Wangthinks thePlateau was a sortof evolutionarycradle(摇篮)for cold-weather animals.When the rest of theworldeventually icedup,they movedout ofTibet andtook over.Anthony Barnosky,a paleontologistat theUniversity ofCalifornia,Berkeley,says evennow,these isolatedcradles areimportant forevolution(进化).“The interestingthing,〃Barnosky says,〃is onEarth todaywe havebiodiversity(生物多样性)isolated incertain spots,and wejust neverknow whichof thoseisolated placeswill be thecradle ofevolution for the next big environmentalchange comingdown thepike(出现).〃The onlyproblem isthat tobe ready,you haveto knowwhat the next environmentwillbe like.Or justbe verylucky.
16.The underlinedword〃chill〃in Para.2could bereplaced as.A.hole B.cold C.shape D.lake
17.Which isNOT trueabout thewoolly rhinos(长毛犀)on theTibetan PlateauA.They wereIceAgegiants with.two tusks,lots ofhair andlots ofattitude.B.They hadlived ontheTibetanPlateaubeforethe IceAge hasstarted.C.They wereable tosweepsnowwith theirheads.D.They hardlyadapted themselvesin thecold environment.
18.What didAnthony Barnoskythink of the isolatedcradles”A.They adaptedthe coldweather.B.They playedan importantroleinevolution.C.It washard toknow whetherthey wouldchange.D.It wasluck tochange thenextbigenvironmental.
19.The researchmight appearin the.A.journal scienceB.newspaper C.English textbookD.blog
20.From thepassage,we caninfer that.A.Facing thecold,the animalscontinuously evolvedB.XiaomingWangworks in the USAC.Both Wangand Barnoskyare paleontologistsD.A Chinesescientist discoveredthe skullofawoollyrhino【参考答案】16—
20、BDBAA阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑AIn Singapore,mostof us lovewindow-shopping whilesome othersenjoy havinga picnicat EastCoastPark orChangi Beachon sunnydays.Singaporeans arenever botheredby theoccasionalthunderstorm.However,we knowthat ifit rainsfor longcontinuous periods,there willbemore seriouseffects.Just recentlythe mainshopping streetof OrchardRoad wasflooded andsomepart ofBukit Timahwas impassableto traffic.People reactedby writingin to the newspapertocomplain aboutthis!We forgetthat othercountries suffermuch worseeffects.Elsewhere,heavy tropical(热带的)storms oftenresult infloods thatruin cropsespecially in Thailandand Malaysia.This inturn usuallymeans that the price of rice and vegetableshere inSingaporewi11rise becausewe importthese productsfrom them.If thereis atyphoon ortsunami,thousandsof livesare losttoo.This happenedin Indonesiaand PhuketinThailandin2004and itservesto remindus ofhow Mother Nature cancause greatdamage.Weather patternsin generalhave changeddramatically inrecent years.Scientists believethatglobal warmingand theresulting meltingof thepolar ice-cap hascaused thelevel ofthe oceantorise.This inturn causesflooding of low-lying areasin countrieswhere theland isratherflat andsome partsof whichis belowwater level.It isbelieved thathuman activitieshavecaused MotherNature to show herextreme anger,so itis nowimportant thatwe reallyworktogether to cut downon harmfulactivities,for example,illegal logging(伐木)orirresponsible forest-burning toclear land for farming.
56.From Paragraph1,we cansee thatmost Singaporeanslove.A.making complaintsB.going outfor picnicsC.doing window-shopping D.traveling alongthe coast【答案】C【解析】根据第一段第一句可知
57.What willhappen inSingapore ifthere arefloods inits neighboringcountriesA.Heavy tropicalstorms willfollow shortly.B.The priceof riceand vegetableswill goup.C.Many peoplewill writein to the newspaper.D.More riceand vegetableswillbeimported.【答案】B【解析】根据第一段倒数三,四句可知热带风暴导致的洪水会毁掉庄稼,新加坡的蔬菜和大米是从这些国家进口的,所以会导致蔬菜,大米的价格上升
58.The underlinedword“it inParagraph2refers to.A.the arrivalof heavytropical stormsB.the importof riceand vegetablesC.the risingpriceofriceandvegetablesD.the lossof livesin naturaldisasters【答案】D【解析】上句提到台风和海啸会导致成千上万的人死亡这在2004年在印度尼西亚和泰国的普吉岛发生过自然灾害到这人死亡这件事用来提醒我们大自然可以带来巨大损害
59.Which ofthe followingshows howthe low-lying areasare floodeda.global warmingb.the risein oceanlevelc.harmful human activitiesd.the floodingoflow-lying arease.the meltingofthepolar ice-capA.cfafef bfd B.a^c^e^b-^dC.cfbf efd D.d-a-^c^b-^e【答案】A【解析】根据最后一段可知
60.What shouldwe doin ordernot tomake MotherNature angryA.Clear morelandforfarming.B.Reduce harmfulhuman activities.C.Bring downthe priceof food.D.Improve thequality ofweather.【答案】B【解析】根据最后——段It isbelieved thathumanactivitieshave causedMotherNaturetoshow herextreme anger,so itis nowimportant thatwe reallywork togethertocutdown onharmfulactivities,“人们认为是人类的活动导致了大自然极端愤怒,因此,现在我们真的应该团结合作减少有害活动”DThe researchcarried outby theUniversity ofBari inItaly c.ould helpprove hospitalswhoare accusedof wastingmoney onart anddecoration asit suggestsa pleasantenvironment helpspatientsease discomfortand pain.A teamheaded byProfessor Marinade Tommasoat theNeurophysiopathology PainUnit askedagroup ofmen andwomen topick the20paintings theyconsidered mostugly andmost beautifulfroma selectionof300works by artists such as Leonardoda Vinciand SandroBotticelli.Theywere thenasked tolook ateither the beautiful paintings,ortheugly painting,or ablankpanel whilethe teamzapped(照射)a shortlaser pulseat theirhand,creating asensationas ifthey hadbeen stuckbyapin.The subjectsrated the pain asbeing athird lessintensewhile they were viewingthebeautifulpaintings,compared withwhen lookingattheug.lypaintings orthe blankpanel.Electrodes measuringthe brain,s electricalactivity alsoconfirmeda reducedresponse to thepainwhen thesubject lookedat beautifulpaintings.While distractions,suchasmusic,are knownto reducepain inhospital patients,Prof deTommasosays thisis thefirst resulttoshow that beautyplays apart.The findings,reportedin NewScientist,also goa longway toshow thatbeautiful surroundingscould aidthe healingprocess.Hospitals havebeen,designed tobe functional,but wethink thattheir artistic aspectsshould betaken intoaccount too,〃said theneurologist.Beauty obviouslyoffers adistractionthat uglypaintings do not.But atleast thereis nosuggestion thatugly surroundingsmakethe pain worse.I thinkthese resultsshowthatmore researchis neededinto the field howabeautiful environmentcan alleviatesuffering.Pictures theyliked includedStarry Nightby VincentVan Goghand BotticellisBirth ofVenus.Pictures theyfound uglyincluded worksby PabloPicasso,the Italian20th centuryartist AnonioBuenoand ColumbianFernando Botero.These peoplewere notart expertsso some ofthepicturesthey foundugly wouldbe consideredmasterpieces bythe artworld,〃said Prof de Tommaso.
16.The underlinedword“alleviate”inthefifth paragraphprobably means”.A.cure B.ease C.improve D.kill
17.How manyartists havebeen mentionedinthepassageA.
4.B.
5.C.
6.D.
7.
18.Which ofthe followingis TUREabout theview ofProfdeTommaso sA.Beautiful surroundingscould helpto healsufferings completely.B.Hospitals musttake theirartisticaspectsinto considerationfirst.C.Ugly surroundingswill surelymake thepainworse.D.Both musicand beautycan reducepain inhospital patients.
19.From thelast paragraph,we knowthat.A.some artistspaintings werebeautiful,so they were masterpiecesB.only artexperts couldjudge theywere masterpiecesor not,though uglyC.the artistsmentioned abovewere notreally artrmasters.D.someofthem wereart masters,while otherswere not.
20.Which ofthe followingis thesuitable titleforthepassageA.Beautiful surroundingscan easepain.B.Ugly paintingscould bemasterpieces.C.More researchshould bedone inthefield.D.Latest environmentalresearch.【参考答案16—20]BCDBA阅读下列短文,从每题所给的和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑AI took the bus to workfor manyyears.No oneknew each other;the passengersall sat theresleepily inthe morning.The bus was cheerlessand silent.One ofthe passengerswasasmall greyman whotookthe bustothe centerfor seniorcitizensevery morning.No oneever paidvery muchattention tohim.One Julymorning hesaid good morningto the driver andsmiled.The drivernodded guardedly.The restofuswere silent.The nextday,the old man boardedwith abig smileand saidin aloud voice,“A verygoodmorning toyou all!”Some ofus lookedup,amazed,and murmured“good morning”in reply.The followingweeks,our friendwas dressedin a.nice oldsuit andtie.The thinhair hadbeencarefully combed.He saidgoodmorningto usevery day and wegradually beganto nodandtalk toeachother.One morninghe evenhad abunch ofwild flowersin hishand.The driverturned aroundsmilinglyand asked,“Have yougot yourselfa girlfriend,Charlie”We nevergot toknow ifhis namereallywas“Charlie”,but henodded shylyand saidyes.The otherpassengers whistledandclapped athim.Charlie wavedthe flowersbefore hesat downon hisseat.Every morningafter thatCharlie alwaysbrought flowers.Some passengersalso broughtflowersfor him.The busbecame ahappy place.Then,one morning,as autumnwas closingin,Charlie wasnt waitingat hisusual stop.Whenhe wasnttherethenextdayandthe dayafter that,we startedwondering ifhe wassick orhopefullyon holiday somewhere.When wecame nearertothecenterfor seniorcitizens,one ofthe passengerseven askedthe driverto wait.We allheld ourbreaths whenhe wenttothedoor.The old gentleman wasfine,but oneof hisclosefriends haddied overthe weekend.How silentwe weretherestoftheway towork.rThe nextMonday Charliewas waitingatthestop,and withouta tie.Inside the buswassilent.
1.The storyis mainlydeveloped by.A.time B.logic C.comparison D.cause andresult
2.Greeted withugood morning”from the old man,people aboardthebusat firstA.felt tiredand sleepyand didn t wantto talkB.greeted himback loudlyand politelyC.guarded againstthe conversationfrom strangersD.felt surprisedand becameangry withhim.
3.When the passengers foundthe oldman wasnot waitingat「thebusstop asusual,theydid thefollowing thingsEXCEPT.A.buy flowersand waitfor himto comeB.feel anxiousand worriedabouthimC.miss himand expectto seehimD.hope hewas goingonholidayrather thanfalling ill
4.It canbe inferredfrom thetext that.A.thedriverdidntlike theoldmanat firstB.people usuallywear atie whenthey arehappyC.passengers broughtflowers toexpress gratitude(感激)totheold manD.theoldman hada greatinfluence onthepassengersemotion
5.The purposeofthepassage isto________.A.introduce theoldgentlemanand praisehis gooddeedsB.persuade usto becomefriendly andconsiderate topeople aroundC.tell usto keepsilent whensomebody passesawayD.criticize thosewho remainsilent whentheyaregreeted【参考答案】1—
5、ACADB阅读理解People usetheir mouthsfor manythings.They eat,talk,shout andsing.They smileand theykiss.In theEnglish language,there aremany expressionsusing the word“mouth.”For example,if yousay badthings abouta person,the personmight protest(抗议)and say“Do notbad mouthme.”Sometimes,people saysomething toa friendor familymember thattheylater regretbecause ithurts thatperson.Or theytell the person somethingthey werenotsupposed totell.The speakermight say:I reallyput myfoot in my mouththis time.If thisshould happen,the speakermight feeldown inthe mouth.In otherwords,he mightfeelsad for saying thewrong thing.Another situationis whensomeone falselyclaims anotherperson saidsomething.The otherpersonmight protest:I didnot saythat.Do notput wordsin my mouth.”Some peoplehavelots ofmoney becausetheywereborn intoa veryrich family.There isan expressionfor this,too.You might say sucha person,“was bornwith asilver spoonin hismouth.This richperson is the opposite ofa person who lives from handto mouth.This personis verypoor andonlyhas enoughmoney forthe mostimportant thingsin life,like food.Parents mightsometimes keepa childoff sweetfood asa formof punishmentforsayingbadthings.For example,if achild saysthings,she shouldnot sayto herparents,she mightbedescribed asa mouthychild.The parentsmight eventell thechild tostop mouthingoff..But enoughof allthis talk.I havebeen running my mouth long enough.
61.When willa personprobablysay“donotbad mouthme”?A.When he feels down.B.When he is regretful.C.When heis spokenillof.D.When hegets angry.【答案】C【解析】根据第二段第——句if yousay badthings abouta person,the personmight protest(抗议)and say“Do notbad mouthme.”“如果你说一个人的坏话,这个人可能会抗议说不要说我坏话”
62.What willthepersonsay ifhefeelssorry forwhat he has saidA.Do notbad mouthme.B.Stop mouthingoff.C.Do notput wordsinmy mouth.D.I reallyput myfoot inmymouththis time.【答案】D【解析】根据第二段Sometimes,people saysomething toa friendor familymember thattheylater regretbecause ithurts thatperson.Or theytell theperson somethingtheywerenotsupposed totell.The speakermightsay:I reallyput myfoot inmymouththis time.”有时人们对家人和朋友说了一些他们后来会后悔的话因为这些话上海了那个人说话的人就会说“这次我真的说错话了”
63.If aperson livesfrom handto mouth,it impliesthat heA.heisbadly-off B.is hard-working hehas enoughtoeatC.hehaslots ofmoney D.【答案】A【解析】根据第四段This richpersonistheoppositeofapersonwholivesfromhandto mouth.与富人相对的是穷人
64.By sayingaI havebeen meansrunningmymouthlongenough”,the speaker“”.A.I haverun along wayB.I havetalked toomuchC.I havelearned alot D.【答案】BI havebeen amouthy personin【解析】
65.What ismainly talkedaboutA.Expressions aboutthe word“mouth”.B.Functions ofthe organ“mouth”.the textC.Opinions aboutumouthy people”.D.Meanings oftheword“mouth”.【答案】A【解析】第一段最后一句是主题句.In theEnglish language,/there aremany expressionsusingthe word“mouth.”。