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《阅读理解特训真模含解析》高三英语二轮突破3252阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑APhysical fitnessrefers togood health,and is the resultof regularexercise,proper dietand nutrition,andproper restfor physicalrecovery.A personwho isphysically fit will be able towalk orrun withoutgettingbreathless andhe orshe will be able to carry out theactivities ofeveryday livingand willnot needhelp.How mucheach person can dowill dependon theirage and whether theyare aman orwoman.A physicallyfitperson usuallyhas anormal weightfor height.The relationbetween heightand weightis calledthe Body MassIndex.A tallerpersoncan be heavierand stillbe fit.If a person istoo heavyor toothin forthe heightitmay affectthe health.Mental healthrefers toa person,s emotionaland psychological well-being.〃A stateof emotionalandpsychological well-being inwhich anindividual isable touse his or herthinking andemotional(feeling)abilities,function insociety,and meetthe ordinarydemands ofeveryday life.”One way to thinkabout mentalhealthis bylooking athow wella personfunctions.Feeling capableand efficient,being able to handlenormallevels of stress,having good friends and family,and leadingan independent life,and being abletobounceback,“or recoveringfrom hardships,are allsigns of mental health.Public Health refers to trying to stop a disease that is unhealthy to thecommunity,and doesnot helpin longlife or promote your health.This isfixed byorganized effortsand choicesof society,public andprivateclubs,communities andindividuals.It isabout thehealth ofmany people,or everybody,rather thanone person.Public healthstops insteadofencouraging adisease throughsurveillance(监督)of cases.To preventbeing sick,it isgood to do healthybehaviors,such ashand washing,vaccination programsand soon.When infectiousdiseases breakout,washinghands maybe especiallyimportant.
26.What isthe besttitle of the passageA.Physical,Mental andPublic HealthB.Something aboutHealthC.Importance ofHealth D.Three healthyLives【答案】A【解析】标题归纳题根据Physical fitnessrefers togood health及Mental healthrefers toaperson,s emotionalandpsychological well-being.R Public Healthrefers totrying tostop adisease thatis unhealthyto thecommunity,and doesnot helpin longlifeorpromote yourhealth.这是主题句,分别叙述了身体健康,精神健康及公共卫生,故选A
27.What does“BodyMass Index“in Paragraph1consist ofA.Exercise,proper dietand nutritionB.Abilities,functions anddemandsC.Recovery,independence andrelation D.Height,weight and their relation.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题根据The relationbetween heightand weightis calledthe BodyMassIndex.可知身高体重及它们之间的关系,故选D
28.What arethe signs of mental healthA.Living an independent lifeand sufferfrom hardships.B.Reducing normal levels ofstress andhandle bounce back”.C.Increasing emotionaldemands andpsychologicalwell-being.D.Living anindependentlifeand owngoodfriendsand family.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题根据Feeling capableand efficient,being ableto handlenormallevelsofstress,havinggood friendsandfamily,and leadinganindependentlife,and beingableto“bounceback,〃or recoveringfromhardships,are allsignsofmentalhealth.过着独立的生活拥有好朋友和家庭,故选Do
29.Once BirdFlu takesplace,that refers to.A.the problemof physicalhealth B.the problemof publichealthC.the problemofmentalhealth D.the importance of washinghands【答案】B【解析】细节理解题根据PublicHealthreferstotryingtostopadiseasethatisunhealthyto thecommunity及It isabout thehealth ofmany people,or everybody,rather thanone person.公共健康不是指一个人的而是指一个社区或集体,禽流感的发生是由于公共健康的问题,故选B
30.What canpromoteyourbody healthaccording to the passageA.Family,society andindividuals.B.Private clubs,communities andindividuals.C.Regular exercise,proper dietand nutrition.D.Hand washing,vaccination and other healthybehaviors.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题根据Physical fitnessreferstogood health,and isthe resultof regularexercise,properdiet andnutrition,适当的锻炼,适量的饮食及营养能够促进身体健康,故选CBThe bestand worstpart aboutbeingatwenty-something is that every decision you make can change the restof your life.Once you,re inyour30sor40s,it getsharder and harder toreinvent yourself.So Imade aninterviewwith Dr.Meg Jay,the clinicalpsychologist.He explainswhy thetwenties matter,and howto makethe most of them.In Dr.Meg Jays opinion,our20s arethe definingdecade of adulthood.80%of life,s most important momentstakeplace byabout age
35.And2/3of lifetimewage growthhappens duringthe firstten yearsofacareer.More thanhalf ofAmericans aremarried orare datingor livingwith their future partnerby age
30.Personalitycan change more during our20s thanat anyother decadein life.Female fertility(生育能力)peaks at
28.The braincaps off(结束)its lastmajor growth.When itcomes toadult development,30is notthe new
20.Even ifyou donothing,not makingchoices isa choiceall thesame.Dont bedefined bywhat youdidn,t knowordidn,t do.On theother hand,I alsoask himhow the20s tracktheir progresstoward theirfuture goalsandwhethermilestoneslike21and30are reallyimportant.Dr.Meg Jaythink itabsolutely important.Milestones--21,25,30,NewYear,s,birthdays,reunions-are importantbecause theycause self-reflection.What hementioned areas follows:Am Iwhere Iwanted tobe bythis ageDid Ido what I saidI woulddo thisyear Ifnot,why not.And ifnotnow,when A20-year-old girlwho interviewedme recentlytold meabout aquestion shewas advisedto askherselfas shemoved throughadulthood:〃If youkeep livingyour lifeexactly asit is,where willyou be in3years”If youdont likethe answer,now isthe timeto changecourse.Surely the20s arefor experimenting,but notjust withphilosophies(人生观)and vacationsandsubstances(物质)・The20s areyour bestchance toexperiment withjobs andrelationships.Then eachmovecan bemore intentionaland moreinformed thanthe last.
31.Once you make adecision inyour20s,itwill.A.be the best partB.be theworst partC.change yourwhole lifeD.affect yourfuture life【答案】D【解析】细节理解题根据第一段第一句everydecisionyoumakecanchange therest of yourlife.你20多岁做出的决定影响你的未来生活,故选D
32.What doesthe underlinedword inParagraph2meanA.Decisive B.DescribingC.Explaining D.changeable【答案】A【解析】词义猜测题根据从后句mostimportantmoments推出Decisive决定性的,故选A
33.What isthe mostchangeable duringthe20s according to the passageA.Career B.MarriageC.Character D.Philosophies【答案】C【解析】细节理解题从第二段第五句Personality canchangemoreduringour20s thanat anyother decadeinlife可知答案在20多岁的时的性格比人生中的任何时候都容易改变,故选C
34.According toParagraph3,one reasonwhy Dr.Meg Jaystresses theimportanceof20s isthat.A.it isa milestoneB.it trackstheir progressC.it leadsto self-reflection D.it achievestheirfuture goals【答案】C【解析】细节理解题从第三句cause self-reflection与之同义引起自我反思,故选C
35.What isthe passagemainly aboutA.The20s areof importance,and howto makeuse ofthem.B.The20s canchange therestof yourlife.C.The20s aremilestones toreach theirfuturegoals.D.The20s arethe bestchance toexperiment.【答案】A【解析】主旨大意题答案重点在第一段可找到,但各段都按这个中心展开20多岁是非常重要的,应如何充分利用它,故选ACNowadays,there isa heateddebate onwhether pollutantsshould becleaned inthe air.Cleaning upthe air,while goodfor ourlungs,could makeglobal warmingworse.And thepollutants stillgo uparound the air,alongwith carbon dioxide.These pollutants are calledaerosols(气溶粒)and theyinclude sootas wellas mixturesof nitrogen(M)and sulfur(硫)andotherstuff into the air.Natalie Mahowald,a climateresearcher atCornell University,says so far,scientists havemostly triedto understandwhat thoseaerosols dowhile they,re actuallyin theair.“There areso manydifferent kindsof aerosols,〃she says.Some warmand somecool.But infact,humansare givingout alot ofextra aerosols,and theytend tocool forthemostpart.〃The aerosolsreflect sunlightback intospace,or keepus cool.But itturns outthats notall theydo.Theseaerosols alsoinfluence howmuch carbondioxide getsdrawn outoftheair byplants onlandand inthe sea.“They canadd nutrients,for example,to the oceans ortotheland,“Mahowald says.But alsowhile theyreinthe atmospherethey canchangetheclimate,and thusthat alsocan influencethe amountof carbon,the landortheoceancan takeup.So thereare quitea fewdifferent waysthat aerosols can act on each other.〃Mahowalds resultssuggest thatreducing thosepollutants couldbe aneven biggerproblem thanrealized,whenyou considerthat aerosolshelp removecarbondioxidefrom theair byencouraging plantgrowth.Hard numbersonthis effectare highlyuncertain atthe moment,but thiscould turnout tobe quitesignificant.And studyingit isnot easybecause theeffects aren,t wellunderstood.For example,nitrogen canbeafertilizer(月巴料),but itcan stopplant growingwhen nitrogencomes outoftheair inacid form.Right nowit seemslikewe,re much more likelyto cleanup aerosolpollution,while increasingthe amountof carbondioxide intheair.So scientists,unfortunately,may havea chanceto seewhether thisexperiment onour planetshouldcontinue or not.
36.From Paragraph2,we knowthat.A.scientists havebeen awareof howaerosols workB.Natalie Mahowaldis anexpert inclimateC.cleaning uptheairis sopopularD.pollutantsareunder controlsofar【答案】B【解析】细节理解题由第二段第二句Natalie Mahowald的同位语a climateresearcher atCornell University可知Natalie Mahowald是一个气候专家,故选B
37.What isNatalie Mahowald,sopinionon thoseaerosolsA.Aerosols caninfluence eachother invarious ways.B.All theaerosols willcool the earth.C.Aerosols canadd nutrientsto humanbeings.D.Any kindof aerosolswill warmtheearth.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题由第三段Some warmand somecool得知,BD选项错误,与Some不符从第五段的totheoceans,得知C也不对由第五段最后一句aerosolscanactoneachother气溶粒可以以不同的方式相互影响,故选故
38.Why isit importantfor scientiststo getaccurate numbersaccordingtothe passageA.Scientists havea chanceto researchthem.B.They canbring scientistsmuchmorebenefit.C.Scientists canprotect theearth frombeing pollutedD.They canhelp scientistsunderstand theeffects better.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题从第六段最后一句和第七段开头句可推出D正确其他选项与题目没有直接的因果关系它们能帮科学家更好地理解影响,故选D
39.What doesthe lastsentence ofthe passageimplyA.Scientists willbeina dilemma.B.The experimentwillbesuccessful.C.Scientists willcarryoutthe experiment.D.Scientists havedifficulty inthe experiment.【答案】A【解析】词义猜测题从第七段开头句和第八段最后一句should continueornot应不应该进行说明研究的左右为难故A最合适而D选项属于事实题,不是暗示推理题科学家左右为难,故选A
40.Which ofthe followingcanbethe besttitle ofthis passageA.Pollutants inthe Air.B.The Experimenton thePlanetC.The Reasonfor GlobalWarming D.The Influenceof Aerosols【答案】D【解析】标题归纳题全文以Aerosols为中心,说明它的影响故D正确其他选项要么范围太大要么太小,不够全面气溶粒的影响,故选DIf youresomeone whois eagertodosomething beyondthe ordinary,you musthave figuredout bynow thattherewill alwaysbe those who arejealous orresentful(怨恨)of your success.It doesn,t matterthat youveworked longandhardto getwhere youare,nor that youve madegreat sacrificesinachieving your goals.The haterswill always find a reason to speak ill ofyouand evencondemn you.They,re spiteful(恨的)people whoenvy you the prideyou havein yourselfandtherecognition yourereceivingfrom others.They can,t standit that youre happy,fulfilled andachieving yourgoals.These hatefulindividuals areunwilling todo thework thatyouve done.They hateyour successbut aretoolazy toinvest realtime orenergy inachieving theirown goals.The thingyou needto knowabout thesehaters isthat theonly reasonthey behavethis wayisthatyou havesomethingthey want,but theyaren,t willing to workfor it.The haters are convincedthatyouvebeen luckyor thatyouve hadsome unfairadvantage,but thetruthis thatyour successis bornof youruntiring efforts,and itsthese effortsthat havebrought aboutyour〃luck.〃The bestwaytodeal withhaters iswhatIcall theone-two punch.〃First,don,t letthem hurtyou.Behappy aboutyoursuccessand proudof youraccomplishments.Company withthose whoapprove you,recognize youandsupport you,and neverdoubt thatyou deserveall thesuccess.The hatersare angry,jealous people.Whatthey thinkor sayis meaningless.Next,the morethe hatersannoy you,the moreyou shouldbe motivatedto succeed.They wantto ruinyou,but yourresponse shouldbe to work thatmuch harderin orderto increase your level of success.When yourreaction totheir badbehavior hasinspired youto achievefurther success,you,ve transformedthe haters,negativity(消极)into fuelfor yourcreative fires.Not onlycan theynot hurtyou but theyveinspired youonto evengreater heightsby chance.
41.Why willthehatersalwaysfindareasontospeakillofyouA.They caremore aboutyou.B.You alwayswork toohard.C.You arelazy butproud.D.They envyyouthesuccess.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题题目在第二段命题,答案在第三四段出现,D选项为直接的因果关系他们嫉妒你的成功,故选D
42.In haters,opinion,one reasonwhy theydont hateis thatA.you achieveyourgoalsB.they can,t bearyour delightC.they deservewhat youown D.youmakeunlimited efforts【答案】c【解析】细节理解题C选项与第五段thatyouhave somethingthey wantbuttheyarenJ twillingtowork forit相符,不是他们所恨的故选C
43.According tothepassage,one ofthebestways todeal withhaters is.A.to getrid ofthem B.toworkeven harderC.to sharethe happinessD.to motivatethem【答案】B【解析】细节理解题根据They wantto ruinyou,but yourresponse shouldbe towork thatmuch harderin ordertoincreaseyourlevelofsuccess.处理恨最好的方式是更加努力地工作,故选B
44.Whatstheauthors attitudetothehaters”A.supportive.B.sympathetic.C.angry.D.Critical.【答案】D【解析】态度推理题从全文作者的语气和最后一段可推出,D选项正确critical批评的故选D
45.What isthe mainpurpose ofthe lastparagraphA.to encouragethosewhoare envied.B.To presentan activeopinion.C.To teachhatersalesson.D.To giveinformation aboutsuccess.【答案】A【解析】主旨大意题从最后一段的关键词inspired可推断A正确这从该段开头句和后一句的大意你对待敌意的方式会激励你取得更大的成就,这些欺负你的人再也伤不了你,反而会鞭策你更上一层楼故选A。