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Welcome UnitDiscoveringUseful Structures-Basic UsefulStructures学习目标
1.To masterthe basiccomponents of a sentencesuch assubject,object,predicative etc.
2.To masterthe basicuseful structuressuch asthe SVO,SVP,SVOC etc.重点难点:To analyzethe structuresof asentence.To analyzethe componentsofasentence.课前诊断本节语法思考常见的句子成分有哪些？常见的基本句子结构有哪些？.句子的基本成分1•简单句的几大基本句型结构2学习过程第一部分句子成分一个句子一般由两部分构成即部分和部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分句子的次要成分包括，，，等主语（）是一句的主体，是全句述说的对象，常用名词，数词或代词担任，一般放于
1.S如O（学生学习）Students study.（我们是朋友）We arefriends.这两句话中单词是名词，是代词，它们在句中做students we谓语（）是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词（以及物动词/近.不及
2.V物动词）或者动词词组担任，放在主语的如o（学生学习）Students study.（我们是朋友）We arefriends.这两句话中单词和都是动词，叫做实意动词，叫做be动词，它们在句中作o宾语（）表示行为的对象，常由名词或者代词担任放在或者之后
3.0如
3.1shall answeryour questionafter class.
4.What abeautiful Chinesepainting!
5.They wenthunting togetherearly in the morning.
6.His jobis totrain swimmers.
7.He tookmany photosof thepalaces inBeijing.
8.There is going to be anAmerican filmtonight.
9.He isto leavefor Shanghaitomorrow.第二部分强化练习
一、分析下列句子结构我们送他出去
1.We|saw|him|out.这是本英汉辞典
2.This|is|an English-Chinese dictionary.晚餐的气味很好
3.The dinner|smells|good.一切看来都不同了
4.Everything|looks|different.麻烦的是他们缺少钱
5.The trouble|is|that theyare shortof money.他的脸红了
6.His face|turned|red.月亮升起了
7.The moon|rose.他喜欢看书
8.He|enjoys|reading.他们吃了剩饭
9.They|ate|what wasleft over.他给你带来了一本字典
10.He|brought|you|a dictionary.我给他看我的照片
11.1|showed|him mypictures.他要我早点回来
12.He|asked|me|to comeback soon.
二、读短文，写出划线句子的基本结构
1.A businessmanusually worksin anoffice.
2.He plansbusiness activities.
3.He discussesproblems with his businesspartners.
4.He usuallyowns acompany ora factory.
5.He askshis workersto dojobs forhim.
6.Then hegives thempay weeklyor monthly.
7.People oftenthink abusiness getsrich easily.But infact,for everycoin of his hard-earned money,
8.hehas tospend alot oftime andefforts.愿答案X K解析答.句子的基本成分1Subject VerbObject PredicativeAdverbial DirectObject IndirectObjectObject Complement•简单句的几大基本句型结构2SV SVOSVP SVTODOSVOOC SVAdSVOAdThere be...第一部分句子成分主语；谓语；宾语；定语；状语；表语句首；主语
1.后面；；；；谓语
2.study are,study are及物动词；介词
3.短语；从句；之前；后面
4.动词；形容词；副词；整个句子
5..名词；形容词6名词
7.1Dongming现在分词2playing soccer省不定式3play soccerto形容词4difficult省不定式5study all day to派宾语补足语和双宾语的区别物；人；间接宾语；直接宾语小试牛刀红色部分为；蓝色部分为10DOHe readus thetext.My sisterwrote me a letter.Henry teachesus English.My motherbought me a watch.Her mothermade hera cake.Would youfetch mesome chalkril orderyou a new dictionary.He foundTom atax.第二部分简单句的基本结构基本句型一不及物动词小试牛刀S V
1.Time flies.
2.The moonrose.
3.The mancooked.
4.We alleat anddrink.
5.Everybody laughed.
6.1woke.
7.They talkedfor halfan hour.
8.He walkedyesterday.划出下列句子的主谓状成分l.She wenthome verylate yesterdayevening.
2.The meetingwill lasttwo hours.主谓主谓状基本句型二:及物动词小试牛刀V（实义动词）O（宾语）a
1.Who knowsthe answer
2.She laughedat her.
3.He understandsEnglish.
8.He madecakes.
5.They atesome apples.
6.Danny likesdogs.
7.1want to have a cup of tea.
8.He said“Good morning.^^学习进阶b
1.Tom madea holein thewall.
2.1dont knowif hecan cometomorrow.
3.They haventdecided whereto gonext.
4.She stoppedteaching Englishtwo yearsago.
5.It tookthem tenyears tobuild thedam.
6.Mother promisesto givemeapresent.课后巩固名词11dont knowthis girl.代词2He refusedto supportus1反身代词3Please expressyourself inyour ownwords.不定式4We managedto putthn fireout.动名词5She avoidedanswering them.从句6She foundthat she waswrong.词+7I dont know whatto dowith it.wh-to do基本句型三划出下列句子主系表结构
1.This isan Englishdictionary.S V link-V.P
2.Everything looksdifferent.Vlink-V.
3.The weatherbecomes cooler.S Vlink—V P基本句型四当堂检测
1.Mr Johnsontaughtus Germanlast year.
2.Grandma toldme aninteresting storylast night.
3.Would youplease passme thedictionary
4.He showedthe ticketto theconductor.基本句型五课后巩固
1.We callher Alice.
2.We allconsider himtobehonest.
3.They haveset thethief free.
4.1want youto tellme thetruth.
5.The guardsordered usto leaveat once.
6.Every morningwe hearhim readEnglish aloud.
7.He hashis hair cut oncea month.
8.We wontlet hergo outat night.课时作业第一部分基础练习
一、指出下列句中主语的中心词答案
1.R Hteacher解析名词做主语K I答案
2.K Hman解析名词做主语；句型中主语在后面K Uthere be答案
3.K Hdictionary解析』名词做主语K解析动词不定式做主语K I
二、选出句中谓语的中心词答案』
1.K B解析》及物动词作谓语K答案』
2.K A解析力系动词作谓语K答案
3.K IC解析不及物动词作谓语动词，只是助动词R Ido答案》
4.K A解析句型的谓语动词为动词K XThere bebe答案』
5.K C解析及物动词作谓语，只是助动词K Ihave did
三、写出下列句中的表语答案
1.K Htired解析系动词后面的形容词作为表语，本句为主系表结构K Xbe答案
2.K Iworried解析系动词后面的形容词作为表语K Ibe答案
3.K Uyellow解析》系动词后面的形容词作为表语K turn答案
4.K Hinterested解析系动词后面的形容词作为表语K Ibecome答案
5.K Ithe first解析》系动词后面的序数词作为表语R be
四、挑出下列句中的宾语答案
1..K Uhis homework解析动词后面的名词作宾语K Ido答案
2.K HEnglish解析动词后面的名词作宾语K1speak答案
3.K Ugood attention,your pronunciation解析动词后面的名词作宾语和介词后面的名词作K11pay goodattention toyour pronunciation宾语答案
4.K Inew words解析动词后面的名词作宾语K Ilearn答案
5.K Hto goswimming解析R动词后面的动词不定式作宾语K want
五、挑出下列句中的宾语补足语答案
1.K Xto read解析］动词不定式作宾语补足语K答案
2.K Xto take解析工动词不定式作宾语补足语K答案
3.K Hdifficult解析形容词作宾语补足语K X答案》
4.K Lily解析姓名作宾语补足语K X答案
5.K Iget on the bus解析动词短语作宾语补足语K I
六、挑出下列句中的状语答案
1..K110n her face解析介词短语作状语K I答案
2.K Ievery night解析时间短语作状语K U答案
3.K Hwhen hewas eleven解析从句作状语K I答案
4.K Htoo fast解析》副词作状语K答案
5.K HWith themedicine boxunder herarm解析介词短语作状语K X
七、划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语答案》间接宾语；直接宾语
1.K US,a story,答案间接宾语；直接宾语
2.K Ume,anew bike,答案』间接宾语；直接宾语
3.K us,history,答案』间接宾语；直接宾语
4.K Tom,it,答案间接宾语；直接宾语
5.K Hme,message,答案』间接宾语;直接宾语
6.K usthat the situation was serious解析在简单句的结构中，表示物的叫做直接宾语表示人的K I1-6SVIODO DirectObject,叫做间接宾语
八、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分Indirect Objecto答案,主语.间接宾语.谓语，状语,定语.状语，状语.定语，表语宾语，状K X
1234567.语.谓语.谓语第二部分强化练习
一、分析下列句子结构89答案K X
1.SVOOC
2.SVP
3.SVP
4.SVP
5.SVP
6.SVP
7.SV
8.SVO
9.SVO
10.SVIODO
11.
二、读短文，写出划线句子的基本结构SVIODO
12.SVOOC答案主+谓主+谓+宾主+谓+宾+状语主+谓+宾主+谓+宾+宾补+状语K U
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.主+谓+间宾+直宾主+谓+宾主+谓+宾
6.
7.
8.我和他一起玩I playwith him.定语是用来说明或者限制名词的成分，常用形容词或者相当于形容词的或
4.担任形容词放在名词，相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词的O如This isa redsun.He isa tallboy.状语是用来说明,,或的成分常由副词担任修
5.饰动词时可以放在动词之前，也可以放在动词之后；修饰形容词或副词时放在它们之前如:Thestudents studyhard.I oftenwrite tohim.The bagis tooheavy.表语用来说明主语的性质或状态一般由或者担任如
6.English isnot easy.We arefamily.宾语补足语英语中有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思，还必须在宾语的后面加上宾
7.语补足语才能表达完整的意思我们把“宾语+宾语补足语”称为复合宾语复合宾语表达的意思相当于一个句子的意思小试牛刀划出下列句子的宾语补足语，并指出是什么成分作宾语补足语1We calledhim Dongming.2We sawhim playingsoccer.3We sawhim playsoccer.4We foundmath difficult.5Mom makesme studyallday.自主探究※宾语补足语和双宾语的区别双宾语就是有些动词后面跟直接宾语和间接宾语直接宾语指的是动词所涉及的,间接宾语是指受益于动词所表示的行为的.例如:They gavehim a watch.这里的是是,这种间接宾语和直接宾语同时出现的情况叫him,a watch双宾语在英语中，有些动词接了一个宾语后句子意思仍不完整，还需要再加上一个词或短语放在宾语之后来补充说明其身份、特征、状态或所做的动作，这种“宾语+宾语补足语”结构称为复合宾语我们叫他杰克We callhim Jack.这里是宾语,是宾语补足语him Jack他们任命他为主席They appointedhim chairman.这里的是宾语,是宾语补足语him chairman小试牛刀划出下列句子的直接宾语和间接宾语•He readus thetext.•My sisterwrote mea letter.•Henry teachesus English.•My motherbought meawatch.•Her mothermade hera cake.•Would youfetch mesome chalk•ril orderyou anew dictionary.•He foundTom atax.学习过程第二部分简单句的基本结构简单句一般有哪些基本结构？英语句子长短简繁不一，但可以归纳成五种基本句型基本句型一S+V（主+谓）基本句型二S+V+P（主+谓/系+表）基本句型三S+V+0（主+谓+宾）基本句型四S+V+InO+DO（主+谓+间宾+直宾）基本句型五S V4-0+0C（主+谓+宾+宾补）自主探究:基本句型一主+谓特点句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思这类动词叫做,后面Ssubject+Vverb可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等e.g.His wordsworks.小试牛刀将下列句子的主语和谓语动词填入表格中
1.Time flies.
2.The moonrose.
3.The mancooked.
4.We alleat anddrink.
5.Everybody laughed.
5.1woke.
7.They talkedfor halfan hour.
8.He walkedyesterday.S V学习进阶（主语+不及物动词）扩展和修饰主谓状•The boyspoke loudlyto histeacher.VAd主谓状•He spokein alow voice.SVAd主谓状•He talkedtoo much.SVAd划出下列句子的主谓状结构l.She wenthome verylate yesterdayevening.
2.The meetingwill lasttwohours.自主探究基本句型二（主+谓+宾）S+V+O特点谓语动词都是实义动词，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整这类动词叫做e.g.We likethe movie.主谓宾小试牛刀标注以下句子的主谓宾分别是什么？a
1.Who knowsthe answer
2.She laughsat her.
3.He understandsEnglish.
4.He madecakes.
5.They atesome apples.
6.Danny likesdogs.
7.I wanttohaveacupoftea.
8.He saidGood morning.”划出下列句子的宾语b
1.Tom madea holein thewall.
2.1dont knowif hecan cometomorrow.
3.They haventdecided whereto gonext.
4.She stoppedteaching Englishtwo yearsago.
5.It tookthem tenyears tobuild thedam.
6.Mother promisesto givemeapresent.课后巩固出下列句子的宾语并标明其成分111dontknowthis girl.2He refusedto supportus.3Please expressyourself inyour ownwords.4We managedto putthe fireout.5She avoidedanswering them.6She foundthat shewas wrong.7I dontknow whatto dowith it.学习进阶（主语+及物动词+宾语）扩展和修饰（主谓宾状）I forgotto mailthe letteryesterday.SVOAd（主谓宾状）Unfortunately,I forgotto mailthe letteryesterday.SVOAd（主谓宾状）I hadmy firstmaths classin seniorhigh school.SVOAd自主探究基本句型三（主+系+表）S+V+P特点句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思这类动词叫做（连）系动词系动词可分四类）本身没有什么意义，只起连系主语和表语的作用，后可接动词外的任何词；1be）感官动词类等+皿/.；2look,feel,smell,taste,sound）表示变化3get,grow,become,turn,go）表示状态延续等4stay,keep,prove,remain小试牛刀划出下列句子主系表结构
1.This isan Englishdictionary.
2.Everything looksdifferent.
3.The weatherbecomes cooler.自主探究基本句型四（主+谓+间宾+直宾）S+V+InO+DO特点谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者通常可改为S+V+DO+prep.+InOe.g.She gaveme an apple.=She gaveanappleto me.（）S VVt.InO DO（主+谓+间宾+直宾）S+V+InO+DOShe passedhim anew dress.John toldme hisidea.说明此结构由“主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（事物）”组成如He bringsmecookies everyday.常跟双宾语的动词有（需借助的）to bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,pay,promise,return,send,等show,teach,tell,write,ask当堂检测翻译下列句子先生去年教我们德语
1.Johnson奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事
2..请把那本字典递给我好吗？
3.他把车票给列车员看4自主探究基本句型五（主+谓+宾+宾补）5+V+O+OC特点动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整判断原则能表达成——宾语是……/做……e.g.We madehim themanager.S Vo oc说明此结构由“主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语”构成宾语与宾语补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系或主表关系，若无宾语补足语，则句意不够完整可以用做宾补的有名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，动词不定式，分词等如The sunkeeps uswarm.I heardhim singing.You mustget yourhaircut.They madeTom monitor.He usedto dohis homeworkwithhisradio on.用做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面，以使句子结构平衡，是英语常用的it句型结构方式即主语+谓语宾补+真正宾语如+it+I foundit verypleasant tobe withyour family.课后巩固翻译句子我们叫她
1.Alice.我们大家都认为他是诚实的
2..他们把小偷释放了3我要你把真相告诉我
4.卫兵命令我们立即离开
5.每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语
6..他每个月理一次发7我们不会让她在晚上外出的
8.课时作业第一部分基础练习
一、指出下列句中主语的中心词
1.The teacherwith twoofhisstudents iswalking intothe classroom.
2.There isan oldman cominghere.
3.The usefuldictionary wasgiven bymy motherlast year.
二、
4.To dotodays homeworkwithout theteachers helpis verydifficult.选出句中谓语的中心词D.wall
1.1dont likethe pictureon thewall.A.dont B.like C.pictureD.summer
2.The daysget longerand longerwhen summercomes.A.get B.longer C.daysD.bus
3.Do youusually goto schoolby busA.Do B.usually C.goD.afternoon
4.There will be ameeting atthe librarythis afternoon.A.willbeB.meeting C.the libraryD.breakfast
5.Did thetwins haveporridge fortheir breakfastA.Did B.twins C.have
三、写出下列句中的表语
3.The leaveshave turnedyellow.
1.The oldman wasfeeling verytired.
2.Why ishe worriedabout Jim
4.Soon theyall becameinterested inthe subject.
5.She wasthe firstto learnabout it.
四、挑出下列句中的宾语
1.My brotherhasnt donehis homework.
2.People allover theworld speakEnglish.
3.You mustpay goodattention toyour pronunciation.
4.How manynew wordsdid youlearn lastclass
五、
5.Some ofthe studentsinthe school wantto goswimming,how aboutyou挑出下列句中的宾语补足语
1.She likesthe childrento readnewspapers andbooks inthe reading-room.
2.He askedher totake theboy outof school.
3.She foundit difficultto dothe work.
4.They callme Lilysometimes.
5.1saw MrWang geton thebus.
六、挑出下列句中的状语
1.There wasa bigsmile onherface.
2.Every nighthe heardthe noiseupstairs.
3.He beganto learnEnglish whenhewaseleven.
4.The manonthemotorbike wastravelling toofast.
5.With themedicine boxunder herarm,Miss Lihurried off.
七、划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语
1.Please tellus astory.
2.My fatherbought anewbikefor melast week.
3.Mr Liisgoingto teachus historynext term.
4.Here isa pen.Give itto Tom.
5.Did heleave anymessage forme
6.He toldus onceagain thatthesituationwasserious.
八、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分
1.The studentsgot ontheschoolbus.
2.He handedme thenewspaper.。
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