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动词和动词短语讲义.高三英语一轮复习考点剖析-动词和动词短语考点一动词词义辨析但U
1.Effective measuresshould betaken toendangeredanimals toensure thatmore speciesdon tbecome extinct.A.advocateB.reserveC.accumulateD.preserve【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析句意应该采取有效措施保护濒危动物,以确保更多的物种不会灭绝A.advocate v.拥护;B.reserve v.保留;C.accumulate v.积累,积聚;D.preserve v.保护结合句意可知,此处是指保护濒危动物故选D考点二“动词+副词”短语辨析彳列
2.China isworking hardto the full potentialofhigher educationand willmove fasterto buildworld-classuniversities.【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语辨析句意我们不能再推迟买新车了我们现有的这辆今天早晨就打不着火A.putoff推迟;B.pick up捡起;C.count on指望;D.bear on对施加压力,使难以承受根据下文The oneweve got now justdoesntstart inthe morning可知,我们现有的这辆车今天早晨就打不着火,所以不能再“推迟”买新车了故选A项
10.The oldrules haveto bebecause theyonlyapplied to the circumstancesthat existedwhen theyweremade ahundred yearsago.A.developed B.establishedC.observed D.revised【答案】D【解析】考查动词的辨析及语境理解句意老的规则需要被修改因为它们只适合一百年前制定时的状况A项表示“培养,发展”;B项表示“建立”;C项表示“观察”;D项正是“修改”之意,because theyonly appliedto可知它只适用于以前,不适用于现在,需要修订,故选D
11.As agrassroots singer,she readseverything shecanconcerning music,and takesevery opportunityto improveherself.A.catch sightof B.get holdofC.take chargeof D.make mentionof【答案】B【解析】考查动词短语辨析句意作为一名草根歌手,她阅读能够找到的关于音乐的一切,并且抓住每一个提高自己的机会A.catch sightof看见;B.Get holdof找至lj某物以供使用;C.Takecharge of控制;D.make mentionof提至I根据takes everyopportunityto improveherself.可知,,她阅读能够找到的关于音乐的一切,并且抓住每一个提高自己的机会故选Bo
12.---Sorry,I havetonow.lt stime forclass.--OK,Ill callback later.A.hang upB.break upC.give upD.hold up【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语辨析句意一对不起,我不得不挂断电话了,上课的时间到了一好的,我晚些时候再打过来A.hangup挂断电话,使…等候;B.break up分解,关系破裂;C.give up放弃;D.hold up举起,坚持,抢劫根据句意可知前者表示要上课了,必须挂断电话了故A正确
13.(2017•天津)Mr.and Mrs.Brown wouldlike toseetheir daughter,get married,and havekids.A.settle downB.keep offC.get upD.cut in【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语辨析句意布朗先生和夫人想要看到他们的女儿安顿下来,结婚生子A.settle down安顿下来;B.keep off远离;C.get up起床;D.cut in插嘴根据后文getmarried,and havekids可推知,是安顿下来,故选Ao
14.Briggs willas generalmanager when Mitchell retires.A.get awayB.take overC.set offD.run out【答案】B【解析】考查动词短语辨析句意当米切尔退休的时候,布里格斯将接管总经理的位置whenMitchellretires这是时间状语从句,不能用将来时,而用一般现在时来代替;A.get away离开;B.take over接管;C.set off出发;D.run out用完,耗尽根据句意,故选B
15.There willstill belots ofchallenges ifwe aretogarbage ina shorttime.A.clarify B.justifyC.satisfy D.classify【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析句意如果我们要在短时间内对垃圾进行分类,仍然会有很多挑战A.clarify澄清;B.justify证明;C.satisfy满足;D.classify分类根据空后garbage可知,此处指“对垃圾进行分类”故选D
16.I neverworried aboutmy sonwhile Iwas awaybecausemy motherhim.A.drank atoast toB.played ajoke onC.kept aneye onD.made anapology to【答案】c【解析】考查动词短语辨析句意:我不在的时候从不担心我的儿子,因为我母亲会照看他A.drank atoast to为干杯;B.played ajoke on开的玩笑;C.kept aneye on照看,留意,密切注视;D.made anapology to向道歉因为母亲会“照看”我的儿子,所以“我”不在的时候从来不担心孩子c选项符合语境,故选C
17.We can t buyinga newprinter forour company.Theone we have doesnt work.A.take upB.carry outC.keep onD.put off【答案】D【解析】考查动词短语辨析句意:我们不能推迟为公司买一台新打印机我们现在的那个不运转了A.takeup占据;B.carry out实施;C.keep on继续;D.put off推迟根据“the onewehavedoesnJtwork”可知,我们平时用的打印机不运转了所以,我们必须马上买一台新打印机即:我们不能“推迟”买打印机故选D
18.We offeredto giveSharon aride home,but she,saying thatshe feltlike walking.A.understood B.acceptedC.compromised D.declined【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析句意:我们提出Sharon回家,但她拒绝了,说她想步行回去A.understood理解;B.accepted接受;C.compromised妥协;D.declined谢绝根据saying thatshe feltlikewalking”可知,Sharon想自己回家,所以她“谢绝”了我们的提议故选D
20.When peoplewant toexpand theirknowledge,theyusually booksthat offer useful information.A.point toB.turn toC.attend toD.belong to【答案】B【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析句意当人们想要扩展他们的知识时,他们通常求助于提供有用信息的书籍A.point to指向;B.turn to求助于;C.attend to照顾;D.belongto属于由“When peoplewant toexpand theirknowledge,offerusefulinformation.”可矢口,turn to“求助于“符合句意故选B项
21.It seasy toget lostwhen youdrive ina newcity,so itsimportant to a goodmap beforeyou setout.A.study B.displayC.deliver D.publish【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析句意当你在一个陌生的城市开车时很容易迷路,所以在出发前仔细看一张好地图是很重要的A.study细看;B.display展示;C.deliver投递;D.publish出版由“It seasy toget lostwhen youdrive ina newcity,beforeyou setout”可矢口,study“细看”符合句意故选A项
22.A cityis theproduct ofthe humanhand andmind,man sintelligence andcreativity.A.resembling B.reflectingC.reviewing D.restoring【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析句意城市是人类的双手和思想的产物,反映了人的智慧和创造力A.resembling像;B.reflecting反映;C.reviewing回顾;D.restoring恢复故选B符合语境
23.More windpower stationswill tomeet thedemandfor cleanenergy.A.take upB.clear upC.hold upD.spring up【答案】D【解析】考查动词短语句意为了满足对清洁能源的需求,更多的风力发电站将会被建立起来A.take up开始从事,占领,开始干(工作);B.clear up整理,收拾,解决(问题);C.holdup(论点、理论等)站得住脚,阻挡,举起;D.spring up出现,涌现故选D
24.Kate hearda mansvoice inthe background,but shecouldnt whathe wassaying.A.set asideB.take backC.make outD.keep off【答案】c【解析】考查动词短语辨析句意凯特听到背景中有一个男人的声音,但她听不清他在说什么A.set aside存储,留出;B.take back收回,拿回;C.make out辨认出,理解,了解;D.keep off(使)避开根据but可推知,凯特应该是听不清故选C25•Working withthe medicalteam inAfrica hasthe bestinher asa doctor.A.held outB.brought outC.picked outD.given out【答案】B【解析】考查动词短语辨析句意与非洲的医疗团队合作,使她成为最佳医生A.held out坚持,伸出;B.brought out使显示;C.picked out挑出;D.given out分发,用尽故选B项
26.12018•江苏】Developing theYangtze RiverEconomicBelt isa systematicproject whicha clearroad mapandtimetable.A.calls forB.calls onC.calls offD.calls up【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析及语境理解句意发展长江经济带是一项需要清晰的路线图和时间表的系统工程A.callsfor需要;B.calls on号召;C.calls off取消;D.calls up使想起故选A
27.[2018Kids shouldnt haveaccess toviolent filmsbecausethey mightthe thingsthey see.A.indicate B.investigateC.imitate D.innovate【答案】c【解析】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解句意孩子不应该接触暴力电影,因为他们也许会模仿他们所见的事情A.indicate指示;B.investigate调查;C.imitate模仿;D.innovate改革故选C
28.[2018•天津】It tookhim along timetotheskills heneededto becomea gooddancer.A.display B.acquireC.teach D.test【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解句意他花了很长时间才获得了成为一名优秀舞蹈家所需的技能A display显示;B.acquire获得;C.teach教;D.test测试故选Bo
29.(2018•天津)At firstRobert wouldnt lethisA.take inB.set asideC.bring outD.give away【答案】c【解析】考查动词短语辨析句意中国正在努力充分发挥高等教育的潜力,加快建设世界一流大学A.take in吸收;B.setaside搁置;C.bring out使显现,使特点或品质更加突出;D.giveaway赠送根据后文“thefullpotential ofhigher education可知,此处指中国正在努力充分发挥高等教育的潜力,故选C考点三“动词+介词+名词”短语辨析例
3.The lakehas beenthere formany years.No oneknowsexactly howand whenit.A.came intopowerB.came intobeingC.came intoviewD.came intofashion【答案】B【解析】考查动词短语辨析句意这个湖在那里已经很多年了没有人确切知道它是如何以及何时产生的daughter godiving,but eventuallyhe as she was soconfidence abouther skills.A.gave inB.dressed upC.broke inD.turned up【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析及语境理解句意起初,罗伯特不愿让他女儿去潜水,但最终他让步了,因为她对她的技能是如此的有把握A.gave in屈服,让步;B.dressed up打扮;C.broke in闯入;打断;D.turned up出现根据转折词but及原因asshewassoconfident abouther skills.可知,最终他让步了故选A
30.I hateit whenshe callsme atwork一I malways toobusytoaconversation withher.A.carry onB.break intoC.turn downD.cut off【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语辨析句意我讨厌她在上班的时候给我打电话我总是太忙了不能和她进行谈话A.carry on进行;B.break into破门而入;C.turn down拒绝,声音调低;D.cut off切断根据前文说我太忙了,所以可知是不能进行通话,too...to...,意为“太……而不能……”,故选AoA.came intopower掌权;B.came intobeing形成,存在;C.came intoview进入视野;D.came intofashion流行起来根据句意可知,此处是指没人确切知道湖是如何以及何时形成的故选B考点四“动词+介词”短语辨析彳列
4.—Peter cant concentrateon hiswork recently.一Yes,that mightwhy hemade abig mistakeinpreparing forthe meeting.A.allow forB.apply forC.account forD.call for【答案】c【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析句意一一彼得最近不能专注于他的工作一一是的,这也许可以解释为什么他在准备会议时犯了一个大错误A.allow for考虑到;B.apply for申请;C.account for是的说明;D.call for要求分析句子结构可知,此空位于情态动词之后,所以使用动词原形,结合句意可知,此处表示“是……的解释”应为accountfor符合句意故选C项考点五情态动词用法辨析彳列
5.—Tony,is thatMr.Black overthere一I knewthat he had gone to England.It behim.A.mightB.couldC.cantD.must【答案】c【解析】本题考查情态动词辨析might“可能”,表示不太肯定的推测;could“可以”,表示建议;cant”不可能”,表示否定的推测;must“一定,肯定”,表示肯定的推测由“Iknew thathehadgonetoEngland.”可知,布莱克先生已经去了英国,所以不可能是他情态动词的否定推测应用cant句意一一托尼,那是布莱克先生吗——我知道他已经去了英国不可能是他故答案选Co考点六系动词的用法快U
6.——Some ofmy friendseat withtheir eyes.Theyprefer toorder whatnice.—Aha,me too!A.tastesB.feelsC.looksD.smells【答案】c【解析】考查系动词用法根据前一句提示“我的一些朋友喜欢靠视觉吃饭”可知,此处指他们喜欢点那些“看起来”好看的食物真题演练
1.If wecontinue toenvironmental problems,we willregret itsooner orlater.A.highlight B.identifyC.ignore D.prevent【答案】c【解析】考查动词词义辨析句意如果我们继续忽视环境问题,我们迟早会后悔的A.highlight突出;强调;B.identify辨认;识别;C.ignore忽视;D.prevent阻止由句意可知对于环境问题我们迟早会后悔,而这一切都是因为我们对环境问题的忽视故选C项
2.Some parentsare justtoo protective.They wanttotheir kidsfrom everykind ofdamage,real orimagined.A.spot B.dismissC.shelter D.distinguish【答案】c【解析】考查动词词义辨析句意有些父母太过保护孩子了他们想保护自己的孩子免受各种伤害,不管是真实的还是想象的A.spot发现;B.dismiss解散;C.shelter保护;D.distinguish区别根据后文“their kidsfrom everykind ofdamage,real o门magined”指保护孩子免受伤害,应用sheltero故选C
3.Although afew havecome andgone,the restaurantsregular customers have the samefor nearly40years.A.stayed B.turnedC.grown D.got【答案】A【解析】考查系动词动词词义辨析句意虽然有一些人来了又走了,但这家餐厅的老顾客已经光顾这家店近40年了A.stayed保持;B.turned变成(某种颜色);C.grown变得;D.got变成根据“the restaurantsregularcustomersv以及“the samefornearly40years”可知,这家餐厅的老顾客已经光顾这家店近40年了stay“保持”,表示老顾客保持40年不变故选A项
4.I wantedto makedumplings butfound Ihad flour;so Iwentout tobuy some.A.made upforB.run outofC.kept awayfromD.got downto【答案】B【解析】考查动词短语辨析句意我想包饺子,但发现我的面粉用完了,所以我出去买了一些A.made upfor弥补;B.runout of用完,用尽;C.kept awayfrom远离,回避;D.got downto开始认真做结合句意,此处指“用完”了面粉故选B
5.As thestory,the truthabout thestrange figureisslowly discovered.A.begins B.happensC.ends D.develops【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析句意“随着故事的发展,这个神秘数字的真相渐渐地被发现了begin”开始;happen“发生”;end“结束”;develop“发展”由后面题干中的“is slowlydiscovered”得出该单词应该是一个延续性的动词,而ABC选项均为非延续性动词故选D
6.If youfaultsbut youst川want thebicycle,ask theshop assistanttoreducethe price.A.come acrossB.care aboutC.look forD.focus upon【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语辨析句意如果你发现你想要买的这辆自行车有瑕疵,但是你仍想买这辆,就让店员降价comeacross发现,碰到;care about在乎,关心;look for寻找;focusupon集中注意力于根据句意可知,发现了瑕疵,但仍旧想买这两自行车,可以请店员降价故正确答案为A项
7.Henry DavidThoreau washappy tofromsocial life,seeking aharmonious relationshipwith nature in thequietnessof hislife.A.judge B.differC.withdraw D.benefit【答案】c【解析】考查动词词义辨析句意亨利•大卫•梭罗乐于从社交生活中抽身出来,在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系A.judge判断;B.differ不同;C.withdraw抽身,撤退;D.benefit有益于根据后文“seeking aharmoniousrelationship withnatureinthe quietnessof hislife”可知HenryDavid Thoreau在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系,所以他乐于从社交生活中抽身出来,withdraw from“离开”故选C
8.Before leavingAmerica,she muchof herfurniture tofriendsand enjoyedletting themhavethepiece theyhad liked.A.picked upB.gave awayC.put downD.set aside【答案】B【解析】考查动词短语辨析句意在离开美国之前,她把大部分家具都送给了朋友,并乐意让她们挑选自己喜欢的那件A.picked up捡起;B.gave away赠送;C.put down放下D.setaside置于不顾根据句意,离开美国之前,她把家具“赠送”给朋友故选B
9.We cantbuyinga newcar anylonger.Theone wevegotnowjust doesntstart inthe morning.A.put offB.pick upC.count onD.bear on。