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初中英语倒装句英语句子通常有两种语序:一种主语在前,谓语在后,称为自然语序,另一种谓语在前,主语在后,称为倒装语序,按“主语+谓语”这种顺序排列的句子是陈述语序如果排列顺序变为“谓语(或谓语一部分)+主语”,就是倒装之所以出现倒装,一方面是因为语法结构的需要,另一方面为了强调,有时两种原因兼有之倒装句分为部分倒装和全部倒装以下就分别讲述这两种倒装的用法如果遇到一句,不知道使用全部倒装还是部分倒装的话,我们主要主要看其标志性的词语
一、部分倒装就是把谓语中的be动词、助动词或情态动词置于主语前面常见于下列几种情况:
(一).0nly所修饰的副词,介词短语或状语从句放在句首时,要用:only+状语+be/助动词/情态动词+主语及其他Only whenhe toldme thenews did I knowwhat hadhappened.Only inthis waycan youmake progressin yourEnglish.Only througheducation can we risein theworld.注意0nly修饰主语时,不需要倒装
1.Only inthis wayto makeimprovement in the operatingsystem.A.you canhope B.you didhope C.can youhope D.did youhope
2.Among allthe people,onlyyou knowthe truth.二.含有否定意义的副词或连词放在句首时如never,little,seldom,not,not only,not until,no sooner•,•than,hardly•••when,rarely,scarcely,in noway等We seldomget up at four in the morning.=Seldom dowe getupatfourin themorning.1hardly…when;scarcely…when…;no sooner…than…可以用正常语序had hardlydonewhen…did或用倒装句式Hardly had+主语+done when…did句式hardly所在的句子用过去完成时6The bellhardly hadrung whenthe classbegan.二Hardly had the bellrung whenthe classbegan.7No soonerhad he arrived inBeijing thanhe began to work.2not only-but also如连接两个成分时,不用倒装;连接句子时,前面的句子要用倒装Not onlywas everythingthat hehad takenaway fromhim,but alsohis Germancitizenship.Not onlyis hebusy,but alsoI havea lotof workto do.Not onlydoes hespeak Englishvery well,but alsohe speaksFrench well.典型例题No sooner____than itbegantorain heavily.A.the gamebegan B.has thegame begunC.did thegame beginD.hadthegame begun答案D.以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时,一般采用倒装句谓语前置这类表示否定意义的词有never,seldom,scarcely,little,few,not,hardly,以及not only…but also,nosooner***than,hardly***when scarcely*when等等注意只有当Not only-but also连接两个分句时,才在第一个分句用倒装结构如果置于句首的Not only-but also仅连接两个并列词语,不可用倒装结构
(三).在so…that,such…that句型中,若把so,such引导的结构放在句首时So frightened was hethat he did not dare to move an inch.
1.So difficultit tolive inan English-speaking countrythat Iwas determinedto learnEnglishwell.A.r vefelt Bhave Ifelt C.I didfeel D.did IfeelIf Iwere you,I would take the job.=Were Iyou,Iwou1dtakethejob.例题it raintomorrow,we wouldhave toput offthe visitto YangpuBridge.
(四).省略了if的虚拟条件句中,把were,had或should放在句首时A.Were B.Should C.Would D.Will
(五).把副词so放在句首,表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人或物I likereading English,so does he.
(六).把neither,nor放在句首,表示前面的否定内容也适用于另一个人或物If youwont go,neither willI.典型例题Do youknow Jimquarrelled withhis brother1dont know,.A.nor don,t I care B.nor do I careC.I don,t care neither D.I don,t care also答案B.nor为增补意思〃也不关心〃,因此句子应倒装A错在用dont再次否定,C neither用法不对且缺乏连词D缺乏连词注意当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时,不可用倒装结构意为〃的确如此〃典型例题1)Not untilthe earlyyears of the19th centurywhat heatisA.man didknow B.man knew C.didnt manknow D.did manknow答案为D.否定词Not在句首,要求用部分倒装的句子结构2)Not untilI beganto workhow muchtime I had wasted.A.didnt I realize B.did Irealize C.I didntrealize D.Irealize答案为B3)Do youknow Tombought anew carI dont know,.A.nor dontIcareB.nor do I careC.I dontcareneitherD.I dontcarealso解析答案为B.句中的nor引出部分倒装结构,表示〃也不〃由so,neither,nor引导的倒装句,表示前一情况的重复出现其中,so用于肯定句,而neither,nor用在否定句中
(七)用于形容词/副词/名词/动词+as(though)引导的让步状语从句中注意当表语为名词时,则名词前不加任何冠词;主谓并不倒装Try hardas hewill,he neverseems ableto dothe worksatisfactorily.Child ashe is,he knowsa lot.・,I havenever seenanyone whosas capableas John.A.As longas I have traveledB.Now that I have traveled so muchC.Much asI havetraveled D.As I havetraveledsomuch
(八).由however,no matterhow引导的让步状语从句中,把however+形容词/副词,no matterhow+形容词/副词放在句首时・,mother willwait forhim tohave dinnertogether.A.However lateis heB.However he is lateC.However is he lateD.However latehe is注意always\often\particularly\many times\many atime放在句首时,句子进行部分倒装Always amI amazedwhen Ihear peoplesaying thatcomputers canreplace teachers.
二、全部倒装就是把整个谓语部分放在主语之前注意谓语动词的数要与后面的主语保持一致常见于几种情况___
(一).用于地点副词here,there,方位副词out,in,up,down及时间副词now,then等开头的句子里,以示强调There goesthe bell.Look!Here theycome.这种倒装要求主语必须是名词主语是人称代词时,主语和谓语语序不变Here itis.Away hewent.Here wego这类倒装句式一般只用一般现在时和一般过去时Here comes the bus.Out rushedthe boys.
(二),当表示地点的介词短语放句首时注意谓语多为be,lie,sit,stand,come,walk等不及物动词;倒装时不需要助动词Under thetable arethree whitecats.In frontof thetower flewsa stream.
10.Under abig tree,half asleep.A.did sat a fat man B.a fat man satC.did afatmansat D.sat afatman
(三)there放在句首时,要用倒装句式在there+be”结构中的谓语动词有时不用be,而用表示类似“存在”观念的其他不及物动词如live,stand,come,lie,flow,enter,rise和appear等There cameshouts forhelp fromthe river.There liesa largewheat fieldin frontof thehouse.Many yearsago therelived anold manin thewooden house.
(四).表语置于句首时,倒装结构为〃表语+系动词+主语〃
(1)形容词+系动词+主语Present atthe meetingwas Mr.Green,a headmaster.
(2)过去分词+系动词+主语Hidden behindthe doorwere somenaughty children.Gone foreverare thedays whenthe Chinesepeople hadto useforeign oil.
(3)介词短语+系动词+主语In frontoftheplayground is a newly-built house.
(五).有时由于主语较长,谓语很短,为保持句子平衡,或为了强调表语或状语,或使上下文紧密衔接时They arrivedatahouse,in frontof whichsat anold man.
(六).在一些表示祝愿的句子里Long livethe CommunistParty ofChina!May youall behappy.练习
1.Not untilI beganto workhow muchtime Ihad wasted.A.didnt Irealize B.did IrealizeC.I didntrealize D.I realized
2.Only bypractising afew hoursevery daybe ableto masterthe language.A.you canB.can youC.you willD.will you
3.If youdon,t go,neither.A.shall I B.doIC.IdoD.I shall
4.No soonerA.had Igot,when B.Ihadgot,thanC.had Igot,than D.did Iget,whento thestation thetrain left.
5.--------Your fatheris verystrict withyou.He neverlets offasingle mistakeof ours.A.So heis B.So is he C.He isso D.So does he
6.____today,he wouldget thereby Sunday.A Wouldhe leaveB Washe leavingIf.Were heto leave.he leave
7.Never inmy lifesuch athing.A.I haveheard orhave seenB.have Iheard orseenC.Ihaveheard orseen D.did Ihear orsee
8.Here!Where isXiao Liu-----There.A.comes the bus,isheB.comesthe bus,he isC.thebuscomes,isheD.thebuscomes,heis
9.,I willnot buyit.A.Much asdoI like itB.As muchI like itC.Much asI likeit D.As Ilikeitmuch
10.Ilikefootball.I dontlike volleyball.A.So doI B.Neither doIC.So itis withme D.So isit withme Italy.
11.______the expense,I toB.Were itnot for,would goA.If itwere not,go D.If ithadn,t been,wou1d haveC.Weren tit for,will gogonedidn,tdaretomoveaninch.
12.So inthe darknessthat heB.was hefrightenedA.he wasfrightenedD.frightenedwas heC.frightened hewas
13.I wonderif yourwife willgo to the ball.If yourwife,so mine.A.does,will B.will,does C.will,would D.does,do
14.Only afterI readthe textover againits mainidea.
15.I seldomwatch TV,but listentotheradio alot..A.So doIB.Neither doID.So itthat heis withmeC.Im thesamecouldnt saya word.
16.So excitedB.did heseemA.he seemedA.thatIknew B.didIknewC.1could know D.I didknowC.washeseeming D.hedidlook
17.Little when1took thetrip whereit wouldlead me.A.have Iknown B.had IknownC.do1knowD.did1know
18.Have youever seen anything like that beforeA.No,I never have seen anything like that beforeB.No,never Ihave seenanything likethat beforeC.No,neverhave1seenanythinglikethatbeforeD.No,Ihaveseenanythinglikethatbefore never
19.,1would acceptthe invitationand gotothe party.B.Was IyouA.Were Iyou D.Would1be youC.Had Ibeen youB.and soshould I
20.You shouldwork less.D.and soI shouldA.and neithershould IC.and norshould IB.The catup jumped
21.and caughtthe mouse.D.Jumped upthe catA.Up the cat jumpedC.Up jumpedthecat
22.Not onlya promise,but alsohe keptit.A.did hemake B.he madeC.does hemake D.has hemade
23.His uncleisaworker andhas beenworking inthe factoryfor morethan tenyears..A.So ishis auntB.So hashis auntC.So his aunt doesD.So itis withhisaunt
24.Not oncetheir plan.A.did theychange B.they changedC.changed theyD.they didchange
25.Not untilhearrivedhome hefind thatthis wallethad beenstolen.A.did B.would C.when D.that
26.Nowhere elseintheworld cheapertailoring(裁缝业,成衣业)than inHongKong.A.a touristcan findB.can aB.By onlyworking hardwe cantouristfindD.Only byworking hardcanwe
28.that we all wentout,C.a touristwill findD.aA.So fine was theweather touristhas foundC.The weather was sofinewasD.So theweatherwastine
29.a niceman thatweallbelieve him.A.So,did heseem B.So,he seemedC.Such,he seemedD.Such,did heseem
30.,he neverseems ableto dothe workbeautifully.A.Try ashe doesB.As hetriesC.Try asdoesheD.As tryhe does
31.So thathe almostkilled himself.carelesslyB.doeshedriveA.C.hediddrihveesdrive D.he drove
32.No soonerthey rushedout A.did theyinto thestreet.hear thenews thanC.had theyheardB.did theyhear thenews whenthenews thanD.had theyheard thenews when
33.Little wonderup theirhands indismay.A.have somethrown B.some have thrownC.thrown somehave D.havethrownsome
34.,he wouldhave passedthe exam.A.If hewere tostudy B.If hestudied hardC.Had hestudied hardD.Should hestudy hard
35.We werelucky enough,for nosooner homeit rained.A.we returned,and B.we hadreturned,whenC.did wereturn,when D.had wereturned,than
36.he realizedit wastoo lateto returnhome.A.No soonerit grewdark thanB.Hardly didit growdark whenC.It wasnot until dark thatD.It wasuntildarkthat
27.succeed indoing anything.A.Only byworking hardwe canC.Only wecan byworking hardlyinginthesun.B.So wasthe fineweather答案rsBDACA6~10CBBCC1T15BDABD16~20BDCAB21~25CADAA26~30BDADA3136CCBCDC〜。