小升初英语语法－冠词知识点总结及练习题

小升初英语语法一冠词知识点总结及练习题冠词基本定义冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词两种不定冠词仅用在单数可数名词前面，表示“一”的意义，但不强调数目观念，只表示名词为不特定者定冠词则表示名词为特定者，表示“这”，“那”，“这些”，“那些”的意思，在可数的单复数名词或不可数名词前面都可以用不定冠词表示“一个”的意思，用在可数名词单数前a/an,例如她是个护士She is a nurse.他是一位英国人，有一个爱尔兰妻子He is an Englishman,with anIrish wife.和的区别a an不定冠词有和两种形式，用于辅音（不是辅音字母）开头的词前，用于a ana an元音（不是元音字母）开头的词前例如，，；a boya universitya europeancountryan hour,an honour,an island,an elephant,an umbrella定冠词有“这（那）个”的意思，但比较弱，表示一（几）个特定的人或东西，the,有时可译作“这个（些）”或“那个（些）例如这就是你要的那本书Thats the book youwant.那边那个年轻人是谁？Whos the young manover there冠词的用法一.不定冠词的基本用法泛指某一类人或事物中的一个，代表某一类别（不一定译为“一”）例如

1.His•他父亲是医生father isa doctor.代表某一类人或事物，相当于（+名词）（不必译为“一”，但必须用表示2any a,类别）例如马是有用的动物A horseisauseful animal..指某人或某物（不是指某一类），但不具体说明何人或何物（一般译为“一”）3例如这本书是一位工人写的This bookwas writtenby aworker.表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有强烈（一般译为“一”）例

4.one如等一下Wait amoment.表示单位，相当于“每”的意思

5.例如我们每日吃三餐We havethree mealsa day.用于某此固定词组中例如等

6.a few,a little,a bitof,a lotof二.定冠词的基本用法特指某些人或某些事物

1.例如把那本书给我Give methebook..指谈话双方都知道的人或事物2例如医生在哪儿？Where is the doctor再次提到上文提到过的人或事物

3.例如昨天我买了一本I boughta dictionaryyesterday.The dictionaryis at home.词典词典在家里用在大家所熟悉的、世界上独一无二的事物

4.例如地球比月亮大，但The earthis biggerthan themoon,but smallerthan the sun.比太阳小用在序数词和形容词最高级前

5.例如王先生上第一节课Mr Wangteaches thefirst class.在所有的恒星中，太阳离Of allthe starsthesun isthenearest tothe earth.地球最近用在单数可数名词，表示某一类人或事物

6.例如:马是有用的动物The horseisauseful animal.与下列专有名词连用

7.在江、河、湖、海、群岛、山脉的名称前1例如the ChangjiangRiver,the GreatLake在姓氏的复数名词前，表示夫妇二人或全家人2例如格林一家人正围坐在早餐桌旁The Greensare sitting at thebreakfast table.和某些形容词连用，表示一类人

8.例如老人年轻人富人穷人病人the oldtheyoungthe richthe poorthe sickthe dead死人在一些习惯说法中

9.the eastwest,south,north in the morningafternoon,evening on the leftright三.不用冠词的几种情况在专有名词，抽象名词和物质名词前

1.例如你到过上海吗？Have youever beento ShanghaiWe lovescience.我们爱好科学在表示一类人或事物的复数名词前

2.例如女孩子可以当科学家Girls canbe scientists.在季节、月份、星期、一日三餐的名称前

3.例如夏天天气热It ishot in summer.今天是八月二十二日，星期三Ifs Tuesday,August the22nd.你吃过早饭没有？Have youhad breakfast称呼语或表示头衔，职务的名词前

4.例如怎么啦，迈克？Whafs thematter withyou,Mike他是我们学校的校长He isheadmaster ofour school.学科和球类运动的名称前

5.例如我们学习英语We studyEnglish.你喜欢踢足球吗？Do youlike toplay football名词前已有用作定语的等代

6.this,that my,your,some,any,no,whose,every,each词时，不用冠词例如.那是她的自行车That isher bike某些固定词组中不用冠词

7.与连用的交通工具名称前乘公共汽车；乘汽车；1by by bus bycar bybike骑/坐自行车；乘火车;乘飞机；乘船，但by trainby air/plane by sea/ship takea bus,in前需用冠词a boat,on thebike名词词组日日夜夜；兄弟姐妹;2day andnight brotherand sisterhour afterhour时时刻刻；到处here andthere介词词组:在家；惊奇地;在中午;步行；3at homein surpriseat noonon footat在晚上;值日；在工作；准时；例如；night onduty at work ontime forexample in class在上课；展览；在床上on showin bed短语回家;上床睡觉;去上学；去4go gohome go to bedgo to school go to work上班；去买东西/游泳/戈船/钓鱼go shopping/swimming/boating/fishing U四.用与不用冠词的差异住院在医院里in hospital/in thehospital出海去海边go tosea/go tothe sea究竟在地球上，在世上on earth/on theearth在外部的前面在内部的前面in front of/in thefrontof发生代替take place/take theplaceof进餐在桌子旁at table/at thetable乘船在海边bysea/by thesea从今以后，将来未来in future/in thefuture上学做礼拜../至学校教go toschoolchurch...・go tothe schoolchurch...U堂•.去・骑着马在马背上on horseback/on thehorseback我们当中的两人我们两人共计两人two of us/the twoofus毫无疑问不可能的，办不到的out ofquestion/out ofthe question明年第二年next year/the nextyear一位教师兼作家（一个人）一位教师和a teacherand writer/a teacherand awriter一位作家（两个人）随堂练习一:单项选择

1.There isappleon thedesk.A.a B.the C.an D./

2.the girlunder treeis mysister.A.a B.the C.an D./

3.mary isfrom usa.A.a B.the C.an D./

4.he metfriend ofhis on the road.A.a B.the C.an D./

5.mr blackwill goback toengland.A.by airB.by aplane C.by trainsD.at atrain

6.yesterday iwent towork on foot.A./,/B./,the C.the,/D.the,the，

7.there ish in the word“hour buth”doesnt makea sound.，A.a,a B.a,the C.the,an D.an.the

8.1’m goingto seemy mother,she isillA.in hospital B.in thehospitalC.in ahospital D.at ahospital

9.we havethree mealsday.we havebreakfast at630in morningevery day.A.the,the,the B.the,/,theC.a,/,the D.a,the,the

10.this isfilm ivetold youabout severaltimes.its great.i9ve neverseen moremoving one.A.a,a B.the,the C.the,a D.a,the

11.tina,could youplease playpiano forme whileim singingwithpleasure.A.a B.an C.the D./

1.1i wantto tryagain,please giveme thirdchance again.A.a B.the C.an D./

13.------whafs thematter withyou D.the;thei caughtbad coldand hadto stayin bed.A.a;/B.a;the C.a;a D./

14.sunisshining brightly.A.a great fun B.greatfunC.great funsD.great afunA.a B.an C.the

15.swimming isinsummer.二在下列句子的空格中填上适当的冠词，不需要的地方用表示

1.This isoldmap.It isuseful map.

2.We haveno classesin afternoonon Saturday.

1.spaceship fliesat abouteleven kilometerssecond.

4.Beijing iscapital of China.It isbeautiful city.

5.Roman wasnot builtin day.

6.Chinese isquite difficultlanguage forMike.

7.Many studentswill takeactive partin sportsmeet.

8.There isinteresting pictureon wall.

9.Jenny foundwallet lyingon ground.wallet wasMr.Blacks.

10.Which isbiggest,sun,moon,or earth

11.---Which pictureis morebeautiful---one onleft,I think.

12.---Which isway tohospital---Go downthis roadand turnleft onsecond crossing.

13.more,better.

14.Turners aresittingatbreakfast table.

15.Joe Hillwas fighterfor workingclass.

16.When wasPeoples RepublicofChinafounded

17.In Chinafirst Englishtextbooks werepublished inlate nineteenthcentury.

18.After breakfasthe wenttoschoolon foot.

19.Huanghe Riverlies innorth ofChina.

20.He likes playing football.His sisterlikesplayingpiano.三:单项选择A.go toschool B.go tothe schoolC.go toa school上学A,in thehospitalB.in ahospital C.in hospital

1.A.at themoment B.at amoment C.at moment.住院2A.inclassB.in aclass C.intheclass此刻

3.A.on earthB.on anearth C.ontheearth在课堂上

4.A.onfootB.onthefoot C.on feet在地球

5.A.at atable B.at thetable C.at table上步行

6.乘公共汽车

8.A.take busB.bybusC.by thebus在家

9.A.at thehome B.at ahome C.athome

10.在工作A.atworkB.at thework C.at works

11.跳高A.jump highB.high jumpC.the highjump坐飞机A.by airB.by theair C.on air

12.乘火车A.by thetrain B.by trainC.on train

13.A.intheschool B.in schoolC.in schools在校学习

14.睡觉

15.A.go toB.gotothe bedC.gotoa bedbedB.have thecold C.have cold感冒

16.A.have aB.on shipC.by ashipcoldB.have agood timeC.have goodtimes乘船

17.A.by ship玩得痛快

18.A.have goodtimes。