2023年和县考研《英语一》临考冲刺试题含解析

年和县考研《英语一》临考冲刺试题2023Section IUse ofEnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best wordsfor eachnumbered blankand markA,B,C orD on the ANSWER SHEET.10points完形填空请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的、、、四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑A BC DWhenasked byConan OBrienif hisdaughters hadsmartphones,comedian LouisCK explainedthat hehad1replied,“No,you canthaveit.Itfs badfbr you.I dont2what youwant.This hithome fbrme becauseat the time,I wasin difficultnegotiations withmyten-year-old daughter3one.And frankly,she waswinning.CK added,Tm notraising the_4・-Im raisingthe grown-ups that theyregoing to be.So just5the otherstupid kidshave phonesdoesnt meanthat mykid hasto bestupid,or6shell feelweird.OK,I wassold.Cell phonesare“toxic,especially fbrkids J he said,because theydont helpthem learnempathy,one of the nicerhuman7When wetext,the8we getis incold,hard text-speak.Why arekids9he asked.Because theyretrying itout.They lookat anotherkid andgo.Youre fat.9Then theyfind thekids unhappy,and theythink,Ooh,that doesntfeel10There,theyveexperienced empathy.Texting“youre fiat“allows youto bypassthe painyouve caused.CK wenton toexplain tous thatsmartphones robus ofour abilityto be11Kids usesmartphones to12y!!!Afterall,one of the joysof beinghuman is allowing ourminds to13With cellphones,kids arealways preoccupied.They neverdaydream,14in class.And heressomething elsewe5re15out onthanks toSteve Jobsslittle device:ourright tobe.This wasa rightI hadntrealized Idesired untilCK pointedout that its yetanother of the essentialhuman emotions.一“Everybodys murderingeach otherwith theircars“as theytext,CK screamed,because theyfear beingalone.Too bad theyremissing outon alife affirmingexperience.“I wasin mycar onetime,and BruceSpringsteens Junglelandcame onJhe said.“And hesounds sofar away.It mademe reallysad.And Ithink,OK,Ive gotto getthe phoneand writehi to50people.I was16for thephone,and Ithought,Dont!Just besad.So CK17over and allowed himselfto soblike a little girlthat brand-new four-poster bedfbrher AmericanGirl doll.It wasbeautiful.Youre luckyto18sad moments/hesaid.And because he didntfight andpush itaway with内啡肽.that littlephone,becauseheallowed himselftobemiserable,his bodyreleased endorphins“And thatswhy Idont wantto getphonesfbr mykids.CK said.And Isuppose Idont either.、1A.hardly B.simply C.voluntarily D.specially、2A.reject B.care C.neglect D.separate3A.by B.from C.over D.beyond

12.B

13.B

14.D

15.C

16.C

17.D

18.C

19.C

20.DSection IIReading Comprehension、

21.A

2.B

3.C

4.A、

31.D

2.D

3.B

4.A、

41.B

2.A

3.D

4.C、

51.D

2.C

3.C

4.B、

61.were killed;

2.on;

3.before;

4.completely;

5.that/which;

6.out;

7.how;

8.electrical;

9.but;

10.to escape

7、

1.exactly

2.the

3.in

4.failing

5.diseases

6.worse

7..to break

8.impossible

9.what

10.isSection IIITranslation

8、L E

2.D

3.A

4.C

5.F

9、

1.G

2.A

3.D

4.F

5.B

4、A.children B.money Cstandard D.doubtsC、5A.after B.unless thoughD.because.、c.6A.otherwise B.nevertheless rarelyD.moreover、c.7A.emotions B.hobbies issuesD.weaknesses、c.8A.error B.response troubleD.danger、c.9A.proud B.stupid meanD.delighted、c.10A.upset B.awkward goodD.crazyc.11A.creative B.smart criticalD.alone、c.12A.spare B.occupy valueD.miss、c.13A.focus B.wander makeD.occur、c.14A.even B.still everD.except、c.15A.figuring B.finding missingD.takingc.16A.capable B.accessible changeableD.miserablec.17A.reaching B.answering applyingD.begging、c.18A.pulled B.turned gotD.camec.19A.reminded B.denied rewardedD.neglectedc.20A.live B.share ignoreD.spareSection IIReading ComprehensionPartADirections:Read the following fourtexts.Answer thequestions beloweach textby choosingA,B,C orD.Mark youranswers on（）the ANSWERSHEET.40pointsText1Scientists thinkthey havethe answerto apuzzle thatconfused evenCharles Darwin:How flowersevolved andspread tobecomethe mostimportant plantson Earth.（超过）Flowering plants,or angiosperms,make upabout90%of allliving plantspecies.In thedistant past,they outpacedplants（针叶植物和蕨类植物），such asconifers andfems buthow theydid thishas beena mystery.New researchsuggests itis dueto（基因组）genome size.（支酉己）Hundreds ofmillions ofyears ago,the Earthwas dominatedby fernsand conifers.Then,about150million yearsago,the firstflowering plantsappeared on the scene.They quicklyspread toall partsof the world,changing thelandscape frommuted greentoa varietyof colours.Why angiospermswere successfuland diverseon Earthhas beendebated forcenturies.Charles Darwinhimself calledita“mystery”,fearing this apparent suddenleap mightchallenge his theory ofevolution.Kevin Simoninfrom SanFrancisco StateUniversity inCalifornia,US andother researcherswondered ifthe sizeof the plantsgenetic material-or genome-might beimportant.They analyseddata heldby theRoyal BotanicGardens,Kew,on thegenome sizeof（）hundreds ofplants,including floweringplants,gymnosperms agroup ofplants includingconifers andfems.They thencompared（结构上的）genome sizewith anatomicalfeatures.This provides“strong evidence”,that the success andrapid spreadof floweringplants aroundheworldis dueto genomedownsizing.”By shrinkingthe sizeof thegenome,which iscontained within the nucleusof thecell,plants canbuild smallercells.In tum,this（摄入）allows greatercarbon dioxideuptake andcarbon gainfrom photosynthesis,the processby whichplants uselight energyto turncarbondioxide and water intosugar andoxygen.一The researcherssay genomedownsizing happenedonly in the angiosperms,and hiswas“a necessarycondition fbrrapid growthratesamong landplants”.、1What doyou knowabout angiospermsA.They aredominant plantson Earth.B.They arerare plantsin SouthAfrica.C.They aretopical plantsin SouthAsia.D.They areextinct plantsin the world.、2It canbe inferredthat.A.Charles Darwinwas confidentof histheory ofevolutionB.Kevin Simoninis probablyan AmericanbiologistC.Kev inSimonin worksin theRoyal BotanicGardens,KewD.Charles Darwinsucceeded infiguring outthe flowerevolution、3Which ofthefollowingcontributed to thesuccessand diversityof angiospermsA.The weakerconifer.B.The largernucleus.C.The smallergenome.D.The strongercell.、4Which ofthefollowingisthebest titleA.How AngiospermsConquered theWorldB.W hatPuzzle ConfusedEven CharlesDarwinC.Why GymnospermsWere Successfulon EarthD.When AngiospermsOutpaced Conifersand FemsText2You mightthink peopleall over the UnitedStates haveWi-Fi——wireless Internetservice--and mobile phones.But thereis nosuchservice inGreen Bank,West Virginia,a tinytown fourhours from the U.S.capital,Washington D.C.Fewer than150people liveinGreen Bank,which hastwo churches,an elementaryschool anda publiclibrary.It isalso hometo the largest radiotelescope in theworld.（禁令）（电磁的）There isa banon Wi-Fi inGreen Bank,along with anything elsethat cancreate electromagneticwaves.Officials（信号）say thewaves coulddisturb thesignals the telescope receives.For manyAmericans,a visitto GreenBank isalittlelike returningto the1950s.To getthere,you mustread roadsigns---becausethere isno GPS service in the town.People canconnect with the Internetthrough telephones,but wirelessservice is not allowed.（天文台）（）The observatoryis one ofthelargest employersin thearea.The federalNational ScienceFoundation NSFspendsabout$

8.2million ayear tooperate theobservatory,telescope andeducational center.Jonah Bausermanisatechnician.If hesupposes thereisasignal thatis notallowed in the zone,he drivesto thehouse wherethesignal iscoming fromand checksit.but oncea week,when thedevice iscleaned,come banneddevices areallowed nearit.People in the townrespect thework ofthe scientists.And theysay theyare happyto livewithout Wi-Fi andmobilephones.“Youknow,instead ofsitting hereon ourphones andother deviceswere outfishing andhunting andgoing toeach othershouses.Everyoneknows eachother andcommunication is almost alwaysface-to-face.、1What willyou aresee whenyou paya visitto GreenBankA.GPSserviceB.Radio-controlled toysC.Cell phonetowers D.Guide posts、2What isJonah Bauserman^duty inhis workA.Following signals from cellphonesB.Cleaning thetelescope oncea weekC.Listening forsignalsfromouter spaceD.Protecting thetelescope frombeing affected、3What hasthetelescopebrought to the localpeopleA.Great wealthB.A healthierlifestyleC.Many jobchances D.Much difficultyin life、4What maybe thebest titlefor thistextA.An AmericanTown WithoutWi-Fi andMobile PhonesB.Good RelationshipsBetween people in anAmerican TownC.The LargestRadio Telescopein theWorld D.A BetterLife WithoutWireless DevicesText3Is itOK forchildren tocount on their fingersGenerations ofpupils have been discouragedby theirteachers fromusing theirhandswhen learningmaths.But anew researcharticle publishedin Frontiersin Educationshows usingfingers maybe avery importantpart of mathslearning.The article,by ProfessorTim Jayof SheffieldHallam Universityand independentresearcher DrJulie Betenson,substantiates whatparentshave longfelt—thatthe finger gameschildren oftenplay athome arecentral to their education.The researchersworked with137primary pupilsaged betweensix andseven.All thechildren weregiven differentcombinations ofcounting and number games to play—but onlysome weregiven exerciseswhich involvedfinger-training.Some pupilsplayed gamesinvolvingnumber symbols,such asdominoes,shut-the-box,or snakesand ladders.Other pupilswere asked toplayfinger games,suchas beingaskedtohold upa givennumber offingers,or numberingfingers from1to5and thenhaving tomatch oneof themby touching（对应）it against the correspondingfinger on the otherhand,or followingcoloured linesusing aparticular finger.Both thesegroups didalittle betterin mathstests thana thirdgroup ofpupils whohad simplyhad businessas usual1with theirteachers.But thegroup whichdidboth thecountingand thefingergames performedfar better.This studyprovides evidencethat fingersprovide childrenwithabridge“between differentrepresentations of numbers,which canbeverbal,written orsymbolic.Combined fingertraining andnumbergamescould bea usefultool forteachers tosupport childrensunderstandingofnumbers.、1How didthe authorintroduce thetopic ofthe textA.By providingevidence B.By raisinga questionC.By givingan exampleD.By makingcomparisons

2、The underlinedword“substantiates“in paragraph2most probablymeans“・A.supports B.changesC.ignores D.advertises、3What canwe knowabout theresearch mentionedin thetextA.It iscarried outby twouniversity professorsB.Its researchsubjects aremostly pre-school childrenC.It isbased onthe comparisonof twogroups ofchildren D.Its findingsshould drawthe attentionof mathteachers.、4What doesthe authorthink ofchildrens fingercountingA.Boring B.FoolishC.Helpful D.UniqueText4Over sevenmonths havepassed sincePanamanian officialslaunched anexpansion ofthe worldfamous PanamaCanal.（货船）Officials agreedto theexpansion sothat many oftheworlds largestcargo shipscould easilypass through the canal.Yet the$

5.25-billion projecthas problems.It saysships stillcontinue torub againstthe canalswalls andwear outits defensesdesigned toprotectboth shippingand the waterway.A dangeroussystem（舟闸）.The canallinks twooceans-the Atlanticand thePacific-through a system oflocks Thelocks arelike steps.They raiseandlower shipsfrom onepartofthewaterwayto anotherontheirtrip fromocean toocean.With theold locks,which arestill inuse,large shipswould betied topowerful engineson bothsides.These engineshelp tokeep（拖船）.the shipsin thecenter ofthe canal.In the new locks,the shipsare tiedto tugboatsOne tugboatis tiedtothefront ofthe ship,with theother tiedtotheback.These boatsthen guidethe shipsthrough the canal.At first,pilots ofthe cargoships andtugboat operatorswould sometimestry torub theboats againstthe canal walls asa wayto（垫料）keep the ships straight.But thiscaused damageto rubberpadding liningthe walls.Not enoughtrainingEven beforethe expandedcanal openedin June2016,tugboat operatorshad expressedconcern about thenewsystem.Many askedfor moretraining.The fearsand dangersremain,although theboats aregoing through.The PanamaCanal Authorityreports that,between June2016and January2017,there wereonly15incidents thatresulted indamageto locksor ships.That representsabout2percent ofthe700times shipsthat havesailed throughthe expandedcanal.（减震）Pilots haveargued theyshould bereplaced withasystem of floatingbumpers likethose usedin someEuropean locks.、Officials saythey planto continueoperating withthe current systemofdefenses,but changescould happenin thefuture.1What isthemain problemwiththenewly expandedPanama CanalA.It hascost toomuch moneyto buildB,The operatorsofthetugboats fearto workin it.C.It is too crowdedfor thelargest ships to pass through.D.It stillbrings damagetothepassing shipsand itsown defenses.、2What isthe differencebetween thenew locksandtheold onesA.The oldlocks dontneed rubberpadding asdefenses.B.The newlocks needtugboats tiedto bothsides ofthe ships.C.The newlocks areeasier forthelargestshipstopassthroughthecanal.D.The oldlocks needpowerful enginesto dragtheshipsthroughthecanal.、3What isthe PanamaCanal Authoritysattitude towardsthe expandedcanalA.Cautious.B.Critical.C.Positive.D.Doubtful.、4What canwe learnaboutthecurrentsystemof defensesA.No shipsshall rubagainstthecanalwallsto protectit.B.Nothing will be doneat presentto improveit.C.More trainingwillbegiven topilots forit.D.A newsystem willreplace it.Part BDirections:Read thefol lowingtext andanswer thequestions bychoosing themost suitablesubheading fromthe listA-G foreachnumbered paragraph41—

45.There aretwo extrasubheadings whichyou donot needto use.Mark youranswerson the ANSWERSHEET.10pointsMore than220people killinthe fire thatdestroyed theCapital Building

2.February4th,

3.The buildingwasfinished onlya fewmonths4,the fire;it wasSao Paulosnewest buildingAll the25floors ofthe officebuilding were5・completedestroyed Thefire alsodestroyed cars6,belonged tothe peoplewho workedinthe buildingOver500people wereworking inthebuildingwhen the fire broke7-onthe11th floorNo oneknows8-thefirestarted Perhapsitwas startedby an

9.electricity fireintheceiling ofoneofthe officesOffice workerstried toput outthefire,

10.it was impossible tocontrolit Soonthe wholefloor wason fireand itwasimpossible for peopleonthefloors abovell.escapeNow oneknows

1.exact howmany disabledpeople thereare intheworld,but estimatessuggest2_figure isover450millionJThe numberof disabledpeopleinIndia aloneis probablelarger thanthe totalpopulation ofCanadaIn theUnited Kingdom,about one3-ten peoplehave somedisability Disabilityisnotjust somethingthat happensto otherpeople;as weget older,manyofus willbecome lessmobile,hard tohear orhave

4.fail eyesightDisablementcan takemany formsand occurat anytime oflife Somepeople areborn withdisabilities Manyothers become逐渐的disabled asthey getolder Thereare manyprogressive disabling5,disease Thelonger timegoes on,the

6.badtheybecome」Disabled peopleface manyphysical barriersBut thereare otherbarriers:prejudice canbe evenharder7break downand」ignorance representsthe greatestbarrier ofall Itisalmost8possibleforthe able-bodied tofully appreciate

9.the severelydisabled gothoughSo itis importantto drawattention tothese barriersand showthatit

10.be theindividual personsability,not theirdisability,that countsSection III TranslationDirections:How toImproveTranslate thefollowing textinto Chinese.Write yourtranslation ontheANSWERSHEET.15pointsYour ConfidenceConfidenceis somethingthat everyoneadmires.At somepoint inyour lifeyou mayquestion yourlevel of confidence andwish ittobe higher.1If youbelieve the theory thatwe attractinto ourlives whowe are,then creatingand keepinghigh levels of confidenceisvital toyour well-being.Watch yourintake,2So reducethe amountof hoursof soapsand realityTV eachday.Read abook ormagazine abouta topicyouare interestedin.Listen toa differentradio stationyou havenot listenedto before.In thisway,you challengethe beliefsyou holdandraise yourawareness ofnew things.、3Spend anallocated periodof time being quietand justreflecting onyour life.Remove yourselfaway fromothers andfocus onthepower ofsilence andimprove yourlevelsofconcentration.Believe inyourself.One ofthe keysteps inraising yourlevel ofconfidence isto believeit for yourself.You needto believe,acceptand bein nodoubt that you area confidentperson.4Meanwhile,value thetime thatyou spenddoing thisprocess.Take alook aroundfor peopleyou admire.It canbe helpfulto havesomeone inyour circlethatyouadmire fortheir skillsorachievements.Observe theway theyface newchallenges andcommunicate withpeople.You alsoshould attenda clubor agroup、associated witha topicyoure interestedin.5A.Spend sometimebeingquiet.B.In thisway,your attitudeis changed.C.Spend timeimagining youat yourabsolute best.D.What youread,watch andlisten toaffects yourmindset.E.Your levelofconfidenceaffects thedecisions youmake inyour life.F.Youll meetnew peopledifferent fromyour presentcircle offriends.G.These are the kindof peoplethat canhelp youto growin confidence.Winter care for roses、Do rosesneed extra careforwinter Likeso manyother thingsinthegarden,the answeris debatable.1Roses aregrouped andreferred toby type.Shrub rosesarethehardiest andneed littleextracare.Hybrid tearoses andother rosesaremore likelyto needwinterization tosurvive orremain healthy.、2And evenshrub rosesexposed tosevere winterconditions cansuffer.If rosesare growingin alocation thatis subjectto heavywinterwinds,even thehardiest varietiesmay benefitfrom winterization.、Some gardenerslive bythetheorythat ifa plantcant growwell,thebestbet isto replaceit.3If youwish todo nothingwith yourroses,you alsohave chancesof havingplants aroundinthespring.If youlike tobaby plantsalong,winterization isforyou.（花冠）Winterize rosesafter ahard freezeand coldweather.The firststep isto addsoil orother plantmaterial overthe crownofthe rosebush.The materialshould beabout12inches deepoverthecrown.The secondstep towinterizing rosesistotie upthe plants.、4If the plants aretall,use ropesto providesupport tothem.When springcomes,remove theadded soilfromthebase oftheplant.5_This isthetimeto cleanup cutsand reduceplant sizeifdesired.A.Location alsoplays arole,though.B.Remove stringsif plantshavebeentied up.C.So theyoften changetheplantsthey grow.D.Other gardenershave plantsthat arealmost likechildren.E.You shouldconsider sunshineandwaterwhen answeringthis question.F.The mainpurpose isto preventthem frombreaking offintheface ofstrong winds.G.It dependsontheplant variety,growing locationandagardeners personalpreference.参考答案SectionIUse ofEnglish、

11.B

2.B

3.C

4.A

5.D

6.A

7.A

8.B

9.C

10.C

11.D。