文本内容:
延续性动词与短暂性动词动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与短暂性动词延续性动词可以与以等引导的表示一段时间的状语连用例如since,for,how longHe has livedhere for6years.How longdid youstay therelast year短暂性动词也称终止性动词、非延续性动词或瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束.如等:open,die,close,begin,finish,come,go,join,borrow,lend,buy,arrive,reach,start,marry,end短暂性动词用在现在完成时要注意下面三点.短暂性动词可与等连用,用于现在完成时1just,yet,already,ever,never例如The oldman hasjustdied.短暂性动词的肯定形式是不能持续的,所以不能和以等引导的表示一段时间的状语连
2.since,for,how long用例如错误The oldman hasdied fortwo weekso错误How longhave youborrowed thebook在以上两句中,和都是短暂性动词,可用于现在完成时,但在肯定句中不能与以或引导的die borrowsince for表示一段时间的状语连用因此是错误的短暂性动词的否定式可以和表一段时间的状语连用,因为否定本身就是可以延续的
3.例如He hasntleft heresince
1986.三.短暂性动词如果用于表示一段时间的现在完成时肯定句中,需要作相应的变化现将常见的短暂性动词的转化归纳如下.用相应的延续性动词替换短暂性动词1一一一buy haveborrow—keep puton wearbecome becatch acold—have acold一come towork workbegin toteach—teach一一get toknow knowmake friendsbe friendsfall ill—be ill一买
1.buy haveIbought thebike three weeks ago.I havehad thebike for three weeks.I havehad thebike since three weeksago.It isthreeweekssince Ibought thebike.Three weekshas passedsince Ibought thebike..用形容词或副词替换短暂性动词2be+一一一die—be deadleave be awayfrom finish/end beover begin/start beon一一一open beopen close—be closedcome herebe herecome backbe back一一marry bemarried fallasleep/get tosleep beasleep一一return beback getup beup
1.die—be deadHedied three years ago.He hasbeen deadforthreeyears.Hehasbeen deadsincethreeyears ago.It isthreeyearssince hedied.Three yearshas passedsince hedied.,用介词短语替换短暂性动词3be+组织成员join—be inthe+/bea+come/go toBeijing/Dalian—be inBeijing/Dalian地点名词arrive atin/reach/get to—be in/at+。