初中英语2024届中考复习简单句基本结构知识讲解与练习

中考英语简单句基本结构讲与练

一、主语+谓语在此句型中，谓语是不及物动词（短语），不带宾语【例】我头疼My headaches.The studentsare studyingin the classroom.学生们正在教室里学习他们已经走了They haveleft.［练习1汉译英.我们努力学习

1.一轮红日从东方升起2年爆发了第二次世界大战

3.

1939.飞机很快就要起飞了

4.那家水果店关门了5【答案】

1.We studyhard.

2.The redsun ri sesi nthe east.

3.The SecondWorId Warbroke outi n

1939.

4.The pIanewi I I takeoff soon.

5.The fruitstore hascIosed.

二、主语+谓语+宾语该句型中的谓语是及物动词（短语），后面必须跟宾语【例】我读完了这本丑I finishedreadingthe book.你喜欢苹果吗Do youlikeapplesWe discusseditat themeeting lastweek.上周我们在会上讨论过这件事他决定买一台电脑He decidedtobuy acomputer.我们爱中国We loveChina.They enjoyedthemselvesvery muchlast night.他们昨天晚上玩得很开心Do yourememberhis telephone number你记得他的电话号码吗？［注意］不及物动词与介词连用时，其后也可跟宾语【例】Ann is waiting forKateat theschool gate.安正在校门口等凯特He thoughtaboutthe problemfor awhile.他把这个问题思考了一会儿【练习】指出下列句子中的主语、谓语和宾语

1.She teachesEnglish.

2.He enjoyslistening tomusic.

3.The teachercorrected her poor pronunciationmore thanonce.

4.Story tellinghas much strength inimproving oralEnglish skills.

5.He has decided to work harder at English.【答案】

1.弛e\s\do14（主语）teaches\s\do14（谓语）Engl i sh\s\do14（宾语）.

2.He\s\do14（主语）史）Mvs\s\do14（谓语）I i sten i ng tomus ic\s\do14（宾语）.

3.The teacher\s\do14（主语）corrected\s\do14（谓语）herpoorpronunciation\s\do14（宾语）more thanonce.

4.Story telling\s\do14（主语）has\s\do14（谓语）muchstrength\s\do14（宾语）i ni mprovi ng oraI Eng I i sh skills.

5.He\s\do14（主语）hasdeci ded\s\do14（谓语）toworkharderatEngIi sh\s\do14（宾语）.

三、主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语英语中有些及物动词能跟双宾语，即间接宾语（指人）和直接宾语（指物）通常情况下间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后能跟双宾语的动词常见的有ask,bring,take,buy,cost,fetch,give,等hand,pass,lend,offer,pay,save,send,show,teach,tell,write【例】（）请你把盐给我好吗？Could youpass methe salt=Could youpass thesalt to me（Uncle Wangmade thefarmers manymachines.=Uncle Wangmade manymachines forthe）farmers.王叔叔给农民们制造了很多机器（）Mother bought me a new dress.=Mother bought anewdress forme.妈妈给我买了一件新连衣裙The eveningdress costher fortydollars.这件晚礼服花了她四十美元［注意］（）间接宾语后置与连用的动词有1for buy,make,cook,get,choose,sing,find等【例】（Uncle Liboughtme a birthday present.=Uncie Liboughtabirthdaypresentfor）me.李叔叔给我买了一件生日礼物（）间接宾语后置与连用的动词有等2to give,lend,teach,take,return,send,pass【例】（）Please passhim a cup of tea.=Please passacupofteato him.请递给他一杯茶间接宾语后置既可与也可与连用的动词有等3for todo,leave,bring【例】He broughtmea dictionary.=He broughtadictionaryfor/tome.他给我带来了一本词典若直接宾语是人称代词，通常情况下将其置于间接宾语之前4【例】误Please giveme them.IE:Please givethem tome.【练习】汉译英.他教我们英语

1.请告诉我你的电话号码

2.这给了我们很大的鼓励

3.这个新方法省了我们不少时间4【答案】

1.He teachesus EngIi sh.

2.PI easeteI Ime yourte Iephonenumber.

3.Th i s gaveus greatencouragement.

4.Th is newway savedus muchtime.

四、主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语英语中，有些及物动词除能跟宾语外，有时还须加一个补足语，句意才能完整宾语+宾语补足语称为复合宾语宾语和宾语补足语之间有着逻辑上的主谓关系【例】我们选刘磊当班长We electedLiu Leimonitor.The newsmade himunhappy.这个消息使他很不愉快You shouldntlet himgo therealone.你不应当让他一个人去那儿.我找人把自行车修好了I hadthe bikerepairedI feelit verypleasant tobe withyour family.我感觉跟你们一家人在一起很愉快请保持教室清洁Please keeptheclassroomclean.【练习】指出下列句子中的宾语和宾语补足语

1.The sunkeeps uswarm.

2.The womancaught herhusband reading her diary.

3.My fathersaw hersteal the money.

4.I prefer you to stay with us.

5.You mayleave the child inmy care.【答案】

1.The sunkeeps us\s\do14（宾语）warm\s\do14（宾补）.

2.The womancaught herhusband\s\do14（宾语）read i ngherd iary\s\do14（宾我卜）.

3.My fathersaw旭r\s\do14（宾语）stea Ithemoney\s\do14（宾补）.

4.I preferyu\s\do14（宾语）tostaywithus\s\do14（宾补）.£

5.You mayI eavethechi Id\s\do14（宾语）inmy care\s\do14（宾补）.

五、主语+系动词+表语些句型中的谓语动词为连系动词，作表语成分的有形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式、介词短语等常见的系动词有（看起来），（变），be,feel,taste,smell,sound,seem,look get（变），（变），（变），（变）等go becometurn come【例】The storysoundsinteresting.那个故事听起来很有趣Her dreamhas cometrue.她的梦想实现了My booksareon thedesk.我的书在书藁瓦,这食物似乎不错The foodseemsto benice突然他生气了Suddenly hebecameangry.在使用本句型时，要注意英汉表达的不同，【例】我累了I tired.XI amtired.V他在家He at home.XHe isathome.V这个男孩十二岁了The boytwelve.XThe boyis twelve.V【练习】指出下列句子中的主语、系动词和表语

1.His wishis to become a scientist.

2.The motoris out of order.

3.The weatheris gettingquite warm.词）（表语）.quite warm\s\dol

44.Silk feelssoft andsmooth.

5.The plansounds perfect.【答案】

1.H iswish\s\do14（主语）j_s\s\do14（系动词）tobecomeasci entist\s\do14（表语）.

2.Themotor\s\do14（主语）js\s\do14（系动词）outoforder\s\do14（表语）.

3.The weather\s\do14（主语）i sgett ing\s\do14（系动词）qu ite怛加\s\do14（表语）.

4.Si Ik\s\do14（主语）f eeI s\s\do14（系动词）soft andsmooth\s\do14（表语）.

5.The plan\s\do14（主语）sounds\s\do14（系动词）perf ect\s\do14（表语）.【练习】汉译英老师生气了L.学生们都在教室里

2.天慢慢黑了

3.我们的教室又大又亮

4.他们反对我的建议5【答案】

1.The teacherisangry.

2.The studentsare aIIinthe cIassroom.

3.11isgetting dark.

4.Our cIassroom is bi gand bri ght.

5.They areaga inst mysuggest ion.。