北京市石景山区2021-2022学年八年级上学期期末英语试题（解析版）

学年北京市石景山区八年级（上）期末英语试卷2021-2022

一、单项填空从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项

1.Many people think thatdoing sportscan helpkeep fit.A.they B.them C.their D.theirs【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意许多人认为做运动可以帮助他们保持健康考查代词辨析他们，主格；他们，宾格；他们的，形容词性物主代词；他们的，名词性they themtheir theirs物主代词”帮助某人做某事，动词后用宾格“他们:故选help sbdo sthhelp themB

2.Janek andthe teamgot to the poleApril24th,

2004.A.in B.at C.of D.on【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意雅内克和探险队于年月日到达了极点2004424考查时间介词的用法后接某年某月某季节；后接具体时刻；的；后接具体一天根据in atof……on可知,此处是具体的一天,应填介词故选“April24th,2004”on,D

3.1like playing ping-pong,Im notvery good at it.A.but B.and C.so D.or【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意我喜欢打乒乓球，但是我不是很擅长但是，表转折关系；和，表并列关系；所以，表因果关系；「或者，表选择关系根据空格前的but andso like和空格后的可知这两句是转折关系故选playingping-pong notvery goodat it^A一

4.Excuse me,1have the seat next to the window一Yes of course.A.must B.should C.need D.may【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意——打扰一下，我可以坐靠窗的座位吗？——是的，当然可以（味道）.cook.Once itscooked,the funpart isputting morethings infor theflavours Porridge alone doesnt have a verystrong flavour.Although somepeoplethinkthis makesporridge boring,I thinkthis iswhat makesporndge exciting!It islikea pieceof whitepaper—you canput in almost anythingyou wantin theporridge.Dried fruitsand nutsare very healthy（choices andcan giveyou energyfor theday.But ifyou dontlike these,then chocolateis alsovery deliciouschoice.Just）dont addtoo much!One of the bestthings aboutporridge You can makeit almostanywhere in the world.Youcanusually buybig bagsof oats,then addother thingsto makeyour porridgeinteresting-whatever ischeap andeasy to find,wherever youare.Porridge Hopefully,it soundsa lottastier now!

28.What canwe learnabout porridgeA.It ishard tocook porridge.B.It givespeople a lot ofenergy.C.It is a perfect breakfast inChina.D.It isnot agood choicefor sickpeople.

29.What isParagraph3mainly aboutA.How to make porridgeexciting.B.Where togo to buy goodporridge.C.What we can useto putin porridge.D.Why porridge isaperfect breakfast.

30.The writerwrites thispassage to.A.encourage peopletobuymore porridgeB.introduce differentkinds ofbreakfastC.tell peopleporridge can be deliciousD.teach peoplehow tocook porridge【答案】

28.B

29.C

30.C【解析】【导语】本文讲述了粥是一种美味、方便又健康的早饭，并介绍了让粥更加美味的方法【题详解】28细节理解题根据（能量）可知，粥给人们带来很多能量，故选“and itgives long-lasting energyfor theday.”Bo【题详解】29段落大意题根据本段后文内容可知，本段主要介绍了“Porridge preparationis upto whatyou chooseto use.”我们可以放在粥里的东西，故选C【题详解】30细节理解题根据Tm hereto tryand tellyou thatporridge isntboring andtasteless,that itcan be a delicious,easy to可知，作者写这篇文章是为了告诉人们粥可以很美味，故选cook andvery healthyway tostart theday.”CDIt seems that fourout offive young people nowget onwell with their parents.It isdifferent fromthe imageofunhappy teenagersstaying in their roomafter arguingwith their parents.（和谐的）An importantnew studysurprisingly showsthat theirfamily life is moreharmonious thanit hasever been（积极的）in thepast.We weresurprised byjust howpositive todaysyoungpeopleseen to be abouttheir families,said（叛逆的）.one memberof theresearch team.People thinkthey arerebellious Infact,they haveother thingson theirminds;they wanta caror aphone,and theyworry abouttheir grades.There ismore discussionbetween parents andchildren,and childrenwant totake partin the family decision-making process.So itseems thatthese youngparents ismuch morepossible thanparents of30years ago to thinktheir children asfriends.My parentsare happyto discusswith meand willingto listento me,“says17-year-old DanielLazalL”I alwaystell them when Im going out clubbing.As longas theyknow whatFm doing,they arefine with it.Susan Cromeagrees.Looking backon thepast10years,children negotiatedwith their parentsa lot.For example,as longas Ifinish myhomework,I couldwatch TV.But I think mygrandparents were a lot stricter with my parents than that.”Maybe thispositive viewof familylifeiswhat itshould be like.It ispossible thatthe idea of teenagerebellion isnotbecause ofreal facts.A researchersays,Our surprisethat teenagerssay theyget alongwell with theirparentscomesbecause ofa shorttime inour historywhen wethink teenagersare differentbeing.But thatideaofrebelling andbreakingaway fromtheirparentsreally onlyhappened duringthat onetime in the1960s wheneveryone rebelled.It hasbeen achangefrom helpingout withthefamilybusiness totaking itover.”

31.What canwe learnabout todaysparents fromthepassageA.They go to clubsmore oftenwiththeir children.B.They aremuch stricterwiththeirchildren.C.They careless abouttheir childrenslife.D.They givetheirchildrenmore freedom.A.discussed B.helped C.stayed D.shared

32.The wordsnegotiated inParagraph3probably mean.

33.Which of the followingwould bethe besttitle for the passageA.Positive parentsBHarmony in FamilyC.Rebellious ChildrenD.Teenage TroubleinFamily【答案】

31.D

32.A

33.B【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了年轻人现在和父母相处得很好，家庭关系更加融洽了题详解】[31推理判断题根据“So itseemsthatthese youngparents ismuch morepossible thanparents of30years ago to thinktheir以及childrenasfHends.”“For example,as longas Ifinish myhomework,I couldwatch TV.But I think mygrandparents可知，现在的父母比年前的父母们更有可能把孩子们看作是朋友，werealotstricterwith myparentsthanthat.”30由此可推断出，现在的父母给孩子更多的自由了故选D【题详解】32词句猜测题根据I alwaystellthemwhen Fmgoingoutclubbing.As longas theyknow whatTin doing,they arefine以及可知，丹尼尔出门前告诉父母去哪里，父母也愿with it.”“as longas Ifinish myhomework,I couldwatch TV.意和孩子谈论以及愿意听孩子的苏珊写完作业也可以看电视由此可推断出此处是“商量、讨论”“negotiated”的意思故选A【题详解】33最佳标题题通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了年轻人现在和父母相处得很好，家庭关系更加融洽了选项“家B庭和谐”最适合作文章标题故选B

四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题What is space tourism（休闲目的）.Space tourismisspace travel forleisure purposesWhat wasonce onlya dream-described inbookssuch as Arthur C.Clarkes2001:A SpaceOdyssey-is nowbecoming areality.（未来学家）（预测）Futurologists arescientists whotry topredict whatlife will belikein thefuture.After the firstman landed on the moon in1969,they thoughtthat hotelswould bebuilt on the moonby theyear

2000.Futurologists alsoconsidered the possibility that,in the21st century,families mightgo for a holidayon themoon.Neitherof thesepredictions havecome trueyet——but therapid developmentof technologymay meanthesepredictions area possibilityin theyears tocome.Space Adventuresis currentlythe onlycompany tosend people into space.Space Adventuresworked withtheFederal SpaceAgency of the RussianFederation andRocket andSpace CorporationEnergia tooffer flightsfor theworldsfirst privatespace explorers.Each personpaid over$20million for their10-day triptotheInternational SpaceStation.Following severalsuccessful tripsinto space,more companiesare nowthinking aboutthepossibilityof sending（亚轨道的）tourists into space.In ordertomakeit cheaper,suborbital space travel isa choicefor manycompanies,including VirginGalactic.Passengers wouldgo toa heightof between100and160km aboveearth,experience3-6minutes ofweightlessness anda viewof the stars,then comeback downto earth.This costsabout$200,000per person.While itcould bean amazing experience,there aresome problemswith space tourism.Many peoplebelieve that it（全球变暖）（臭氧层）.could makeglobal warmingworse and it isnot goodfor theozone layerWhats more,space travelisonly reallyfortherich people.There arestill millionsof peopleworldwide whocouldnt payfor it.

34.Which bookdescribedspacetourism

35.When didthefirst man landon themoon

36.Which companycan send peopleintospace

37.What canpeople dowith suborbitalspacetravel

38.What isyour opinionon spacetravel Andwhy【答案】

34.2001:A SpaceOdyssey.

35.In

1969.

36.Space Adventures.

37.They cango toa heightof between100and160km aboveearth,experience3-6minutes ofweightlessness anda viewofthestars.

38.1think spacetravel willbe difficult to popularize.Because thecost istoo high.【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了太空旅行的发展以及带来的问题【34题详解】根据What wasonce onlya dream—described inbooks suchasArthurC.Clarke9s2001:A Space可知，《太空旅行》描述了太空旅行故填Odyssey——is nowbecoming areality.”20012001:A SpaceOdyssey.【题详解】35根据可知，第一个人登上月球是在年故填After thefirstmanlandedon themoonin1969J1969In

1969.【题详解】36根据.”可知,太空探险公司是唯一一家将Space Adventuresis currentlythe onlycompany tosendpeopleintospace人送入太空的公司故填Space Adventures.【题详解】37根据Passengers wouldgotoa heightof between100and160km aboveearth,experience3——6minutes of可知，人们可以利用亚轨道太空旅行飞到离地weightlessness anda viewofthestars,then comeback downto earth.”球到公里的高度，体验分钟的失重和观看星星1001603―6They cangotoa heightof between100and160kmabove earth,experience3-6minutes ofweightlessness anda viewofthestars.【题详解】38开放性试题，结合实际，答案合理即可参考答案为Ithinkspacetravelwillbedifficulttopopularize.Because thecostis toohigh.

五、文段表达（10分）根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于词的文段写作文中已给出内容不计入总词数所给提示词

39.50语仅供选用请不要写出你的校名和姓名良好的生活习惯对我们非常重要，它能保证我们有一个健康的身体和愉悦的心情某英文报社正在举办关于“健康习惯”的主题征文，请你写一篇短文投稿，介绍自己的一个健康习惯，并说明这个习惯为什么健康提不内容•Introduce oneof yourhealthy habits.•Why do you thinkits healthy提示词语goto bed,early,get upIt is veryimportant tohave healthyhabits.考查情态动词必须；应该；需要；可以根据及must shouldneed may“...I havetheseatnexttothewindow“Yes,可知，此处表示委婉的请求，应用情态动词故选ofcourse.”may D

5.Sandy isonly12years old.She ison theteam.A.young B.younger C.youngest D.the youngest【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意桑迪只有岁她是队里最年轻的12考查形容词最高级用法首先题目中已经给定范围是，再根据可知，她“ontheteam”Sandy isonly12years old”只有岁，是在给定的范围内比较要用形容词最高级，形容词最高级前要加定冠词故选12theDo

6.——do yougo shopping——Once a week.A.How longB.How manyC.How oftenD.How soon【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意-你多久购物一次？-一周一次多长；多少；多久一次；多久以后，通过答句可以知A.B.C D.道是在提问频率，用故选how often,Co【点睛】与的区别、有“多久一次”的意思，是就做某事How often,how long,how farhow soon1How often的频率提问针对的回答一般是一How oftenTwice ayear,Three timesa weekoe.g.How oftendoyouwatch TV

一、表示“时间多久或物体多长”，表示时间侧重指“一段时间针对Three timesaweek.2How long How long”的回答一般是时间段,如，一“for threedays“three years e.g.—How longwere youaway lastyear Abouttwo weeks.是提问“路程有多远”，询问距离的距离他家有多远？、3Howfar e.gHowfar isit fromhis house4Howsoon表示“多久之后”，主要用来对表示将来的一段时间提问的回答一般是时间段，如How soon“in+in twodays一一in fiveyearse.g.How soonwill yoube readyril beready infive minutes.

7.we canget VitaminD fromfood,we canalso getit fromthe sun.A.Although B.For C.Because D.If【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意虽然我们可以从食物中获得维生素但我们也可以从太阳中获得D,考查从属连词的词义辨析Although虽然；For因为；Because因为；If如果根据“we canget VitaminD fromfoodv和可知，空格前后是让步关系，因此可用引导让步状语从句故选“wecanalso getit fromthe sun.”Although A一

8.How wasyour weekend,Jack—Good.I lotsof newgames withmy sister.A.play B.played C.am playingD.will play【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意——周末过得怎么样，杰克？——很好我和妹妹玩了很多新游戏考查一般过去时根据可知，时态是一般过去时，故选How wasyourweekerTB

9.My auntand unclein theyard when their dog became really noisy.A.work B.workedC.will workingD.were working【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意他们的狗叫得很大声时，我姑姑和姑父正在院子里工作考查过去进行时根据可知，空格处表示在过去某一时刻（狗叫得很大whentheirdogbecamereallynoisy”声时）姑姑和姑父正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时故选was/were doingD

010.Ifs rainyand cloudytoday.Dad and I theart museumtomorrow.A.visit B.visited C.will visitD.are visiting【答案】c【解析】【详解】句意今天阴雨连绵爸爸将和我明天去参观艺术博物馆考查一般将来时参观；动词原形；参观，动词的过去式；将参观；正在参观visit visitedwill visit are visiting根据可知，本句的时态是一般将来时，其谓语结构是动词原形故选tomorrow”will+C

11.Tom,where isyour mumOh,she in the kitchen.A.cooks B.will cookC.is cookingD.cooked【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意一一汤姆，你妈妈在哪里？一一哦，她正在厨房做饭根据可知此处询问你妈妈现在正在哪里，故用现在进行时故选where isyour mumbe doing,C

12.Mr.Jiang childrento swimevery weekend.A.is teachingB.teaches C.taught D.will teach【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意每个周末蒋老师都教孩子们游泳考查一般现在时教，用于现在进行时；教，用于一般现在时；教，用于一般过去时；is teachingteaches taught将要教，用于一般将来时根据时间状语可知，本句需用一般现在时故选will teach“every weekend”B

二、完形填空阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项Tom lovedcars morethan anythingelse.This springhe thoughtof buildinga modelcar toenter for a competition.Sohe askedhis dadfor

13.（设计）“Well JDad said.How aboutthis:you dosome researchfirst andthen comeback tome witha designAweek later,Tom broughthis notesand drawingsto Dad.Dad lookedover hiswork,thinking.Well,thatsinteresting/9he said.Try to14it asyouve designed.,,Over threeweekends ofhard work,Tom turnedhis designinto areal modelcar and15it lightblue.Dad askedTom totake itfor atest drive.Tom agreed.After awhile,Tom cameback toDad.“Well Jhe said.“Now Iknow16you wantedme tohave atest drive.When Idrove fast,there wasa problemwith it.”“Very good!^^Dad said.So,why didntyou tellme aboutthat17in thefirst place”Sally asked.Dad laughed.Wheres thefiin inthat Ifyou givea mana fish,hell eatfor aday.But ifyou18aman tofish,hell eatforalifetime.^^Tom said,I see.Anyway,designing ishalf theftm!”Dad smiled.Good.Sometimes,learning happensduring theprocess.We learn how to do something right by doing itafew times first andmaking19along theway.”That encouragedTom andhe workedeven harder.The competitiondoesnt seemas20,He hadalready learned alot by building something better than ever before.

13.A.help B.money C.notes D.directions

14.A.sell B.find C.build D.drive

15.A.coloured B.pictured C.drew D.showed

16.A.what B.why C.when D.where

17.A.problem B.design C.competition D.advice

18.A.ask B.send C.teach D.want

19.A.plans B.mistakes C.goals D.interviews

20.A.easy B.serious C.real D.important【答案】

13.D

14.C

15.A

16.B

17.A

18.C

19.B

三、阅读理解阅读下列短文，根据短文内容,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项My favouritesubject atschool isscience and Id liketo bea doctorinthefuture.Idont likemusic----------------------------Ithinkits boring.I like reading but Iprefer paperbooks toe-books.My favouritefree timeactivity isspending timewithmyfriends.DoraMy friendsthink Imstrange becauseI dontenjoy playingonline gamesand I cant stand readinge-books.My favouritesubject atschool ismusic.I loveplaying thepiano andId liketo bea musicianoneoday.（厨师）I want to workin arestaurant asa chefwhenIleave school.I lovepreparing mealsforpeople!I enjoygoing tothe cinema.I likeplayingNora gamesbutIprefer playingonline games.I dontlike cooking.Tm notgoodatsports.But Ican singand danceandI enjoy bothof theseactivities.Icanalso actandIlove beingin plays.IKate（女演员）am inthe dramaclub atschool andIm going to bean actressone day.

21.What doesDora wanttobeinthefutureA.A doctor.B.A musician.C.A chef.D.An actress.

22.Who enjoysgoing tothe cinemaA.Dora.B.Cora.C.Nora.D.Kate.

23.Coras friendsthink sheis strange because.A.she doesntlikereadinge-booksB.she doesntwanttobeamusicianC.her favouritefree timeactivity isactingD.her favouritefuture jobis verydifferent【答案】21A

22.C

23.A【解析】【导语】本文是篇记叙文短文通过表格描述了和的一些基本情况Dora,Cora,Nora Kate【题详解】21细节理解题根据表格中介绍部分Dora“My favouritesubject atschool isscience andId liketobea doctorinthe可知，她将来想成为一名医生故选future.A【题详解】22细节理解题根据表格中介绍部分可知，喜欢去电影院故选Nora“Ienjoygoingtothe cinema”NoraCo【题详解】23细节理解题根据表格中介绍部分Cora“My friendsthink ImstrangebecauseI dontenjoy playingonline gamesandI can91standreadinge-books.v可知，朋友认为她古怪是因为她不喜欢玩在线游戏，受不了阅读电子书故选ABThe BoyMade it!One Sunday,Nicholas,a teenager,went skiingat SugarloafMountain.In theearly afternoon,when he was planningtogo home,a badsnowstorm happened.Unable tosee far,Nicholas waslost,all alone!He didnthave food,water oraphone.He wasgetting colderby theminute.（幸存者）Nicholas hadno ideawhere he was.He triednot toworry too much.He thoughtabout allofthesurvival（提示）shows hehad watchedon TV.It wastime toput thetips hehad learnedto use.He decidedto stopskiing.There wasa betterchance ofsomeone findinghim ifhe stayedput.The firstthing hedid（躲避处）was tofind a shelter fromthe coldwind andsnow.If hedidnt,his bodytemperature wouldget verylow,whichcould quicklykill him.（洞穴）（树枝）Using his skis,Nicholas builta snowcave.Then heput branches on top of himselfto keephimselfwarm.By thatevening,Nicholas wasreally hungry.He atesnow anddrank waterfrom anearby riverso thathis body一wouldnt losetoomuchwater.Not knowinghow muchlonger he could last,Nicholas didthe onlything hecould hesleptin hiscave.The nextday,Nicholas wentout tolook forhelp,but hecouldnt findanyone.He thenreturned tothe snowcave,because withoutshelter,hecoulddie thatnight.On Tuesday,Nicholas wentout againtofindhelp.He hadwalked forabout a mile when a volunteer searcher found him.Nicholas wassaved.Nicholas hadoften watchedGrylls survivalshow Manvs.Wild.Thats where he learnedhowto save hislife.When Gryllsheard aboutNicholas9amazingexperience,hewasvery surprisedthat Nicholas had madeit sinceheknew better than anyone how hard Nicholashad to work to stay alive.

24.What happenedto Nicholasone SundayafternoonA.He got lost.B.He hurthis eyes.C.He brokehisskis.D.He caughta cold.

25.How didNicaolas keephimself warmA.He builta snowcave andlight fire.B.He put brancheson topof himself.C.He kepton skiingonthemountain.D.He foundashelterand sleptin it.

26.On Tuesday,.A.a volunteersaved NicolasB.Nicolas stayedwherehewasC.Nicolas returnedto hisshelterD.a volunteergotlostinthesnow

27.Grylls wassurprised because.A.he understoodhow difficultit wasfor Nicolasto stayaliveB.alotof peoplewatched hisTV programand learnedtipsC.it wasvery hardfor volunteerstosavepeopleD.Nicholas madethe sameTV programas his【答案】

24.A

25.B

26.A

27.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道文章讲述了在山上滑雪时走失后如何通过平时观看的的生存挑Nicholas Gryll战节目中学到的生存技能成功地让自己获救的故事【题详解】24细节理解题根据第一段中的uUnable tosee far,Nicholas waslost,all alone!v可知Nicholas去滑雪的时候，在山中走失了故选A题详解】[25细节理解题根据第四段中的（树枝）可知他用^Then heputbranchesontopofhimselfto keephimself warm.”树枝盖在身上来保暖故选B【题详解】26细节理解题根据第六段中的uHe hadwalked foraboutamilewhenavolunteersearcherfoundhim.可矢口在周二的时候，他走出去求救，走了大概一英里，一个志愿者搜救员发现了他，他获救了故选A【题详解】27细节理角窣题根据最后——段“hewasvery surprisedthat Nicholashad madeit sincehe knewbetterthananyonehow可知他惊讶于居然成功了，因为他比任何人都清楚，hardNicholashadtoworktostayalive.”Nicholas Nicholas必须付出多大的努力才能活下来故选AC一Porridgeaperfectbreakfast（粥）.Porridge Itdoesnthavea verytasty name,does itIm hereto tryand tellyou thatporridge isntboring andtasteless,thatitcanbea delicious,easy tocook andvery healthyway tostart theday.（）If youvenever eatenit althoughyou probablyhave!,porridgeisa kindof foodfbr breakfast.It isusually akind（谷物）of grainwith eithermilk orwater,and oftenwarmed up.Itisveryhealthy,so itsa verygood choicefor people（能量）who areill,anditgives long-lasting energyfortheday.（燕Porridge preparationis upto whatyou chooseto use.If Tmcooking formyself,I putaverybig handfulofoats麦）inapan,add alittle bitof waterand about200ml ofmilk,and letit boil.It takesabout fiveminutes to。