2024年高考英语一轮复习UNIT 4SPACE EXPLORATION

A.some differencein theways smalland large craters wereformedB.the differentshapes smallcraters canhaveC.the reasonswhy cratersare difHcultto studyD.the descriptionof somefeatures oflargecraters【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文文章指出月球经历了独特而复杂的地质历史，呈现出惊人的外观，并详细介绍了月球地表特征以及区别主旨大意题根据第一段中的

4.B“The moon,which hasexperienced adistinct andcomplex并结合全文内容可知,本文详细介绍了geological history,presents astriking appearance.”月球地表特征及区别故选项B推理判断题根据第一段可推知，作者提到，，勘测者”和“阿波罗”是为了证实先

5.A前关于月球表面的理论故选项A推理判断题根据第三段可推知，作者在第三段中提到“奇怪的、曲折的标记”是

6.C作为一个使用地面望远镜发现的例子故选项C推理判断题根据最后一段可知，最后可能会继续描述一些大型陨石坑的特征

7.D故选项D（甘肃省张掖市学年高三年级第一次全市联考）2022If allgoes well,a balloonwill soonrisefrom SpaceCenter inSweden.It willfloat highinto the upper atmosphere,wherenothing willhappen,and thenreturn toEarth.Nevertheless,a collectionof environmentalgroupsare trying to stopit.The campaignersare against the flightbecause ofwhat comesnext.The balloonis atestflight fora researchbeing runby theUniversity ofHarvard.The researchaims totest anideacalled SAI,in whichfine dustis addedinto the upper atmosphere to boostthe amountofsunlight reflectedback intospace.A futureflight willrelease asmall amountof calciumcarbonatedust intotheupperatmosphere,in orderto helpresearchers learnmore aboutsolar geoengineering-an excellentbut theoreticalidea ofdeliberately adjustingthe earthssystemsto preventthe badeffects ofclimate change.Opponents worryabout twothings.The firstis themoral issue.If solar geoengineeringworks,it couldreduce pressureto deal with climate change at its source by cuttinggreenhouse gas emissions.Furthermore,in orderto keeptemperatures low,the reflective（颗粒）particles wouldhave to be toppedup continuously.A suddenstop couldresult inveryrapid warming.Raymond Pierrehumbert,a physicistat theUniversity of Oxford,says solar（模拟）.geoengineering is too riskyeven toresearch outsideof computersimulationsNot allenvironmentalists areopposed.The worldis likely to miss the target,set intheParis Agreement,of keeping warming tol.5℃・Were notwell-served bynot understandingwhatthese technologiesrepresent/9says StevenHamburg.Mr.Hamburg favourssmall-scalegeoengineering research.Other greenorganizations have also hesitantlyapproved ofexploringthe idea.Exploration is likelyto carry on in any case.Once ataboo,geoengineering isbeing takenincreasinglyseriously.A recentreport onclimate changesuggested thatSAI couldhelp keepwarmingbelow

1.5℃.America hasdeveloped aresearch planfor solargeoengineering.BothChina andIndia havelaunched researchprogrammes oftheir own.Activists willcontinue toopposeexperiments.But balloonswill likelyfly anyway.

8.How doessolargeoengineeringworkA.Dust isput intotheupperatmospheretotrap moreheat.B.Measures aretaken intentionallyto tacklethe climate change.C.Steps aretakendeliberately toreduce greenhousegas emissions.D.Dust isemptied intothe atmospheretoreflect sunlightinto Earth.

9.Why doenvironmentalists argueagainst SAIA.It istobeimplemented ona largescale.B.It hasled toglobal warmingagainsttheoriginal intention.C.It isprobably tomissthetarget ofkeepingwarmingto

1.5℃.D.It maycause peopleto carelittle aboutgreenhousegas emissions.lO.What isthe besttitle ofthe textA.Should Balloons9Flight BeBannedB.Should Solar Geoengineering ExplorationGo AheadC.How DoBalloons Threatenthe EarthsClimateD.How HasSolarGeoengineeringChanged Earthll.Whatis theauthors attitudeto solargeoengineering A.Critical.B.Doubtful.C.Positive.D.F rightened.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文文章介绍了可以帮助缓解全球变暖的一项工程solar（太阳地球工程），并详细介绍了该工程的原理、初衷、实施的隐患、优geoengineering势以及未来的发展细节理解题根据第二段可知，这个太阳地球工程是来采取措施应对气候变化故选

8.B项B细节理解题根据第三段中的

9.D If solargeoengineeringworks,it couldreduce pressuretodeal withclimatechangeatitssourcebycutting greenhousegasemissions/5可知，太阳地球工程可能会导致人们对温室气体排放的不再关心根据上文可知，环保人士真正担心的是全球气候变暖根本原因是因为温室气体的排放，如果太阳地球工程通过向大气层释放细尘，减少太阳光线向地球的反射，缓解了全球变暖，那么温室气体排放这一根本原因就会被忽视故选项D标题推测题通览全文内容可知，本文从人们对太阳地球工程面临的争议、各方的态

10.B度，推测这一工程是否应当继续故项“太阳地球工程勘探应该继续进行吗”适合作B本文最佳标题观点态度题根据第五段中的（无论如何，

11.C Explorationislikelytocarryoninanycase探索可能会继续）.和A recentreport onclimatechangesuggested thatSAI couldhelp℃（最近一份关于气候变化的报告指出有助于将气候变暖控keep warmingbelow

1.5SAI制在℃以下）.”可知，作者对这一工程的态度是乐观积极的故选项

1.5C七选五阅读II.（福建省泉州市届高中毕业班质量监测）2022The mostpopular courseat Yaleis Psych157:Psychology andthe GoodLife,covering thescience ofhappiness andhow toapply it.Since itslaunch in2018by ProfessorLaurie Santos,the coursehas beentaken bya quarterofYale studentsand more than200,000others inits onlineversion.1When chasinghappiness,many ofus aretryingtobe alittle gentlerwith ourselvesandassigning apriority toself-care.Thats asensible strategy,Santos agrees.The troubleis howpeopleunderstand self-care.We assumethat self-care lookslike anice bubblebath——oreven selfishpursuits.2We actuallyget moreout ofbeing moreopen,more socialand more（以他人为中心的）other-oriented thanspending moneyon ourselves.Santos isntthe onlyscientist insistingthat youfocus moreon kindnessto othersthankindness toyourself.Research out ofOxford University confirms that even tiny acts ofkindness canhave signifleanteffects on our happiness.3They boostmental well-being inthe（自我放纵）wider community.If youwant tostay happy,focus lesson self-indulgence andmoreon kindness.4Everyone hasmade asilly decisionor two.I myselfhave livedand learnedfrommorethana few.Its notthe mistakesthat matter.If show wedeal withthem.What we can doistolearn from the poorchoices,terrible ideasand baddecisions ofthe pastandnot repeatthem.We canalso learn fromthe mistakes ofothers andavoid磕碰碰）them.And wecan makeall thebumps andbruisesf countforsomething.A.Apparently,we allhaveathirst forhappiness.B.Self-care isthe foundationfor caringabout others.C.Finally,to pursuehappiness,learn frommistakes.D.Getting themdown onpaper willhelp usavoid mistakes.E.And otherstudies showsmall actsof kindness can spreadout.F.Therefore,wecansave theunavoidable painin lifefor whatsworthwhile.G.But data suggest the right way to treat ourselves would be to do nice things for others.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文文章通过耶鲁大学最受欢迎的一门课程，告诫人们为别人做好事可以大大提升幸福感根据上文LA“Since itslaunch in2018by ProfessorLaurie Santos,the coursehas beentakenby aquarter ofYale studentsand morethan200,000others inits onlineversion.59可知，参加心理学与美好生活这门课程的人非常多，可见人们都是向往幸福的项“显然，我们A都渴望幸福”是根据上文得出的结论下文

2.G“We actuallyget moreout ofbeing moreopen,more socialand moreother-（以他人为中心的）中的（以他oriented thanspending moneyon ourselves.other-oriented人为中心的）”与项G Butdatasuggesttherightwaytotreatourselveswouldbeto donice中的在意思上呼应things forothers.todonicethingsforothers”项与上文

3.E E“And otherstudies showsmall actsof kindnesscan spreadout.”“Research击outofOxfordUniversityconfirmsthateventiny actsof kindnesscanhave signcant effects中的呼应，同时也是后文onourhappiness.tinyactsofkindness”“They boostmental中的所指代的对象故选项well-being inthe widercommunity.”They E项中的与下文

4.C C“Finally,to pursuehappiness,learnfrommistakes.”mistakes Itsnot呼应themistakesthat matter.Ifshow wedealwiththem.下文（磕磕碰碰）

5.F“And wecan makeall thebumps andbruises countfor something.”在句意上是对项“因此，我们可以把生活中不可避免的痛苦留到值得的地方”的承接F。