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全国英语六级考试阅读临考冲刺题全国英语六级考试阅读临考冲刺题以下是我为大家搜寻整Cunning proceedsfrom wantof capacity.理的全国英语六级考试阅读临考冲刺题,期望能给大家带来帮忙!更多精彩内容请准时关注我们应届毕业生考试网!We sometimesthink humansare uniquelyvulnerable toanxiety,butstress seemsto affectthe immunedefenses oflower animalstoo.In(免疫学家)one experiment,for example,behavioral immunologistMarkLaudenslager,at the University ofDenver,gave mildelectricshocks to24rats.Half the animals couldswitch off the currentbyturning awheel in their enclosure,while theother halfcould mot.The ratsinthetwo groupswere pairedso thateach timeone ratturnedthe wheelit protectedboth itselfand itshelpless partnerfrom theshock.Laudenslager foundthat the immune responsewas depressedbelownormal inthe helplessrats butnot inthose thatcould turn off theelectricity.What hehas demonstrated,he believes,is thatlack ofcontrol over anevent,not the experience itself,is whatweakens theimmunesystem.Other researchersagree.Jay Weiss,a psychologistat DukeUniversitySchool ofMedicine,has shownthat animalswho areallowedto controlunpleasant stimulidont developsleep disturbancesorchanges inbrain chemistrytypical ofstressed rats.But ifthe animalsareconfronted withsituations theyhave nocontrolover,they laterbehave passively whenfaced withexperiences theycan control.Suchfindings reinforcepsychologistssuspicions that the experienceor perceptionofhelplessness isone ofthe mostharmful factorsin depression.One ofthe moststartling examplesof howthe mindcan altertheimmune responsewas discoveredby chance.In1975psychologist Robert使Ader attheUniversityof RochesterSchool ofMedicine conditioned形成条件反射糖精mice toavoid saccharinby simultaneouslyfeedingthem thesweetener andinjecting themwith adrug thatwhilesuppressing theirimmune systemscaused stomachupsets.Associatingthe saccharinwith thestomach pains,the micequickly learnedto avoidthesweetener.In orderto extinguishthis dislikefor thesweetener,Ader reexposedtheanimalsto saccharin,this timewithout thedrug,and wasastonished tofind thatthose micethat hadreceived thehighestamounts ofsweetener duringtheir earlierconditioning died.He couldonlyspeculate thathe hadso successfullyconditioned therats thatsaccharinalone nowserved toweaken theirimmune systemsenough tokillthem.
11.Laudenslagers experimentshowed thatthe immunesystem ofthoserats whocould turnofftheelectricity.A wasstrengthenedB wasnot affectedCwas alteredDwas weakened
12.According tothe passage,theexperienceof helplessnesscausesrats to.A tryto controlunpleasant stimuliBturnoffthe electricityCbehavepassivelyin controllablesituationsD becomeabnormally suspicious
13.The reasonwhy the mice in Aders experimentavoided saccharinwasthat.A theydisliked itstasteB itaffected theirimmune systemsCit ledto stomachpainsD theyassociated itwith stomachaches
14.The passagetells usthatthemost probablereason forthe deathofthemiceinAdersexperiment wasthat.A they had beenweakened psychologicallyby thesaccharinB thesweetener waspoisonous tothemC theirimmune systemshad beenaltered bythe mindDtheyhadtaken toomuch sweetenerduring earlierconditioning
15.It can be concludedfrom thepassage thattheimmunesystemsof animals.A can be weakenedby conditioningBcan besuppressed bydrug injectionsCcanbeaffected byfrequent dosesof saccharinDcanbealtered byelectric shocks参考答案BCDCA文档内容到此结束,欢迎大家下载、修改、丰富并分享给更多有需要的人。