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英语四级阅读理解篇20阅读理解单项练习PassagelIn1939two brothers,Mac and Dick McDonald,started adrive-in restaurant inSanBernadino,California.They carefullychose abusy corner for their location.They hadrun theirown businesses for years,firs ta theater,then abarbecue(烤肉)restaurant,,then anotherdrive-in.But in their newoperation,theyoffered a new,shortened menu:Fren chfries,hamburgers,and sodas.To thissmallselection theyadded one newconcept:quick service,no waitersorwaitresses,and notips.Their hamburgerssold forfifteen cents.Cheese was another fourcents.Their Frenchfries andhamburgers had a remarkableuniformit y,for thebrothershad developeda strictroutine for the preparationo f their food,andthey insisted on theircooks stickingto theirroutine.Their newdrive-in became incredibly popular,particularly forlunch.P eopledroveup by the hundredsduring thebusy noontime.The self-s ervicerestaurantwas sopopular that the brothershad allowedten copies of theirrestaurant to be opened.They werecontent withthis modest successuntil theymetRay Kroc.Kroc was a salesmanwho metthe McDonaldbrothers in1954,when he wasselling milkshake-mixing machines.He quicklysaw theuniqu eappeal of the(特许经营)brothers fast-food restaurantsand boughtthe rightt ofranchiseother copiesof theirrestaurants.The agreemeBVertical faultsare moredangerous thanhorizontal faultsCEarthquakes occuronly aroundfault areasDCalifornia willbreak intopieces by an eventualearthquake
15.As usedin the first sentenceof thefourth paragraph,the word“essentiallymeans.A greatlyC basicallyBextremely DnecessarilyPassage4Those whowelcomed the railway saw it asmore thana rapidand comfortablemeans ofpassing.They actuallysawitas afactor inworld peace.They didnotforesee that the railwaywould bejust onemore meansfor the rapid movementof aggressive armies.None of them foresaw that the morewe aretogether-themore chancesthere areof war.Any boyor girlwho isone of a largefamilyknows that.Whenever anynew invention is putforward,those forit and those against itcanalways findmedical men to approveor condemn.The anti-railway groupproduceddoctors whosaid thattunnels would be mostdangerous to public粘膜炎health:they wouldproduce colds,catarrhs andconsumptions.Thedeafening noise and the glare of the engi ne fire,would have a badeffect on thenerves.Further,being movedthrough the air ata highspeed woulddo graveinjuryto delicatelun gs.In thosewith highblood-pressure,the movement of the(中风).train might produceapoplexy Thesudden plungingof atrain into theda rknessof atunnel,and the equally suddenrush intofull daylight,wo uldcausegreat damageto eyesight.But thepro-railway groupwas of course abletoproduce equallyfamous medicalmentosay justthe opposite.They saidthatthe speedand swingof the train wouldequa lizethe circulation,promotedigestion,tranquilize thenerves,and ensure goodsleep.The actualrolling-stock was anything butcomfortable.If it was atest ofenduranceto sit for fourhours outsidea coachin rain,or insideindirty air,therailway offeredlittle morein the way ofcomfort.Certai nlythe first-classcarriages hadcushioned seats;but the second-class hadonly narrowbareboards,while thethird-class hadnothing at all;no seatsand noroof;they werejustopen trucks.So thatthird-class passengersgained nothingfrom thefewmode exceptspeed.In thematter ofcomfort,indeed theylost;they did,on thecoaches,have aseat,but nowthey had to stand all theway,which gave(滑稽的)opportunitie s to thecomic press.This kindof thing:A manwas seenyesterdaybuying athird-class ticketfor thenew London and BirminghamRailway.The stateof hismind isbeing enquired into/A writerin the early daysof railwayswrote feelingly of bothsecond-a ndthird-class carriages.He madethe suggestionthat thedirectors of the railwaysmusthave sentall overthe worldto findthe hardestp ossiblewood.Of theopenthird-class truckshe saidthat they had th e peculiarproperty ofmeeting the rainfrom whateverquarter itcame.He describedthem ashorizontal shower-baths,from whosesearchin gpowerthere wasno escape.
16.All boysand girlsin largefamilies know thatA aboy anda girlusually fightwhen they are togetherBpeople tend to betogether more than theyused to beC a lot ofpeople beingtogether makesfights likelyDRailway leadsthe worldto peace
17.According to those whowelcomed therailway,therailwayitself shouldinclude all the followingexceptA therailway enablespeople travelfastB therailway bringscomfort to peopleC therailway makesthe worldpeacefulD therailway leadsthe worldto war as well.
18.According to the anti-railway group,all the followings aretrue buttunnelsare dangerous topublichealthAB the noiseand theglareof theengine firemay affectpeoples nervesCthe rapidspeed through the airdoes damageto peoples lungsDtothosewith highblood-pressure,therapidspeed of thetraincauses them to die
19.We maysafely concludethat.A the author belongs to theanti-railway groupB the authorbelongsto the for-railway groupCthe authorspeaks highlyof therailwayD the author maynever taketrain because of itspotentiaI dangers
20.What is the tone of this passageA PracticalC SatiricalBHumorous.D ExaggeratedPassage5乍得In1960-1961,Chad harvested9800tons of cotton seedfor thefirsttimein itshistory,and putout theflag a little toosoon.The efforts of the authorities(松懈)to get the peasantsback to work,as they had slackedoff agreat dealthe previous yearduring independence celebrations,largely contributedto it.Also,rains werewell spaced,and continuedthrough thewhole monthofOctober.If the1961-1962total isback to the regionof45000tons,it is mostlybecause efforts slackenedagain and sowing wasstarted toolate.The averagedate of sowing is about July1st.If thisdate issimply movedupfifteen ortwenty days,30000to60000tons ofcotton aregained,depending on(小米)the year.The peasantin Chadsows hismillet first,and it is hard tocriticize thisinstinctive prioritygiven tohi sdaily bread.An essentialreason forhislateness withsowing cottonisthat atthe time when he should leavetoprepare thefields he has justbarely sold the cottonof theprevious season.Thework required tosow,in greatheat,is psychologicallyfar moredifficult ifonespockets arefull ofmoney.The dateofcottonsales shouldtherefore bemovedforward as much aspossible,and purchasesof equipment anddraughtanimals encouraged.Peasants shouldalso beencouraged tosave money,to help them through thedifficultperiod betweenharvests.If necessarythey shouldb eforced to do so,(分期付by havingthe paymentsfor cottongiven to them in installments款).The lastpayment wouldbe madeafter proof that the peasanthas plantedbefore the deadline,the datebeing advanced to the endof June.Those whohavedone sowould receiveextra moneywhereas thelast planterswould notreceivetheir lastpa ymentuntil later.Only the first stepsare hard,because oncework hasstarted thepea santscontinuewillingly on their way.Educational caMPAignsamong the peasantswillplay anessential rolein thisbasic advance,early sowing,on whichall theothersdepend.It is not amatter ofcontrolling thepeasants.Each peasantwillremain masterof hisfields.One could,however,suggest the need for the timebeingof kindbut firmrul e,which,as longas itcannot berealized by thepeople,should at least befor thepeople/
21.In1960-1961,Chad hada goodharvest ofcotton because■A the government greatlyencouraged peasantsBrains favoredthe growthof cottonCChad gainedindependence in thepreviousyearD BothA andBA onJune15th Con July1st
22.We learnfrom the passage that the dateofsowingcotton isusu allyBon July15th Don July20th
23.As usedin thethird sentenceof thesecond paragraph,“daily bread“refersA breakfastC riceto.B breadand butterD millet
24.In order to helpthem throughthe difficult time betweenharvests thepeasants have toA sellcotton in advanceB beencouraged tosavemoneyC sowcotton in timeD plantmillet first
25.Which of the followingis NOTtrueA EducationalcaMPAigns are very important to early sowing.B Ofall theadvances that the writerhopes for,earlysowingis the most important.C Peasantsshould remain the mastersof theirfields.D Governmentmight aswell makegood andfirm ruleforpeasants.Passage6We can make mistakesat anyage.Some mistakeswe make are about money.But mostmistakes areabout people.Did Jerryreally car ewhenI brokeup withHelen”When Igot thatgreat job,did Jimr eallyfeel good about it,as afriendOr didhe envymy luck”AndPaul-why didntpick upthat hewas friendlyjust because1hadaca r”When welookback,doubts likethese canmake usfeel bad.But when we lookback,Itstoo late.Why dowe go wrong about our friends-or ourenemies Sometimeswhatpeople sayhides theirreal meaning.And ifwe dontreally listenwemiss thefeelingbehind the words.Suppose someonetells you,“Youre alucky dog「thats beingfriendly.But“lucky dog”Theres a bit of envy inthose words.Maybe hedoesnt seeit himself.But bringing in the dog”bit putsyou downalittle.What hemay besaying isthatthedoesnt thinkyou deserveyour luck.“Just thinkof all the thingsyou haveto bethankful for”is anothern oisethatsays onething andmeans another.It couldmean thatthe speakeris trying toget you to seeyour problemas part of yourlife asa whole.But is he Wrappedup in this phrase is the thoughtthat yourproblem isntimportant.Ifs tellingyou tothinkof aallthestar vingpeople in the worldwhen youhavent gota dateforSaturday night.How canyou tell the real meaning behindsomeones wordsOne way is to takea good look atthe person talking.Do hiswords fittheway helooks Doeswhat(姿态)he saysagree with the toneof voiceHis posture Thelook inhis eyesStopand think.The minuteyou spendthinking about the realmeaning of whatpeople toyou mays aveanother mistake.
26.This passageis mainlyaboutA how to interpretwhat peoplesayB whatto dowhen youlisten toothers talkingChow to avoid mistakeswhen youcommunicate withpeopleD Whywe gowrong withpeople sometimes
27.According to the author,the reason why wegowrongaboutourfriends isthatAWe fail to listencarefully when they talkB People tendto be annoyed when we checkwhat theysayC People usuallystate onething butmeans anotherDWe tendto doubtwhat ourfriends say
28.In thesentence“Maybe hedoesnt seeit himself.5,In thesecond paragraph,the pronoun“it urefers to.A beingfriendly Clucky dogBabitofenvyD yourluck
29.When welisten to a persontalking,the mostimportant thingfor ustodoisnotice theway the person istalkingAB takea goodlook atthe persontalkingC mindhis tone,his postureand thelook inhis eyesDexamine therealmeaningofwhathe saysbased onhismanne r,his toneand his posture
30.The authormost probablyis aAteacher CphilosopherB psychologistD doctorPassage7A momentsdrilling bythe dentistmay makeus nervousand upset.Many ofuscannot standpain.To avoid the painofadrilling thatma ylast perhapsa minute奴佛卡因一or two,we demand the“needle”-a shotof novocainethatdeadens thenerves around the tooth.Now ifstrue thatthe humanbody hasdeveloped itsmillions ofnerve sto behighlyaware ofwhat goeson bothinside andoutside ofit.T hishelps usadjustto theworld.Without ournerves-and ourbrain,which is a bundleof nerves-wewouldnt knowwhafs happening.B utwe pay for our sensitivity.We canfeel painwhenthe slightestthin gis wrong with anypart ofour body.The historyof tortureisbased on the humanbody beingopen topain.彳亍僧But there is away to handle pain.Look atthe Indianfakir whosits on abed ofnails.Fakirs canput aneedle right through anarm,nt struckincludedthe right to duplicatethe menu.The equipment,ev entheir redand white拱门.buildings with the goldenarchesToday McDonaldsis reallya householdname.Its namesfor itssand wicheshavecome tomean hamburgerin thedecades since the dayRay Krocwatchedpeople rushup toorder fifteen-cent hamburgers.In1976,McDonalds hadover$1billion in total sales.Its firsttwenty-t woyears isoneof the mostincrediblesuccess storiesin modernAm ericanbusiness history.
1.This passagemainly talksabortA thedevelopment offast foodservicesB howMcDonald sbecame abillion-dollar businessCthe businesscareers ofMac and Dick McDonaldDRay Krocs businesstalent
2.Mac andDick managedall of the followingbusinesses except■A adrive-in Ca theaterBa cinemaD abarbecue restaurant
3.We mayinfer fromthis passage that.A MacandDickMcDonald neverbecame wealthyfor they soldtheir ideatoKrocand feelno pain.This abilitythat somehumans havedeveloped to handle painshouldgive usideas abouthow themind can deal withpain.The bigthing inwithstanding pain is ourattitude towardit.if thedent istsays,川“This whurt a little,it helpsusto accept the pain.By staying relaxed,and by感觉,treating thepain asan interestingsensation wecan handlethe painwithoutfalling apart.After all,although painis an unpleasantsensation,it is stilla sensation,and sensationsare thestuff oflife.
31.The passageis mainlyaboutA how to sufferpainB how to avoidpainC how tohandle painD how to stoppain
32.The sentence“But wepayforoursensitivity.in thesecond paragraphimplies thatAwe shouldpay adebt forour feelingBwe haveto behurt when we feelsomethingC ourpain isworth feelingDwhenwefeel pain,we aresuffering it
33.When the author mentionsthe Indianfakir,he suggests thatA Indiansare notatallafraid ofpainB people may besenseless ofpainC some people areable tohandlepainDfakirs havemagic toput needlesrightthroughtheir arms
34.the mostimportant thingtohandlepain isA how welook atpainB to feel pain asmuchas possibleCto show an interestin painDto accept thepainreluctantly
35.The authors attitudetowards painis极端的A pessimisticB optimisticC radicalD practicalPassage8Thirty-two people watched kittyGenovese beingkilled rightbeneath theirwindows.She was their neighbor.Yet noneof the32helped her.Not one evencalled thepolice.Was thisin gunmancruelty Was it I ack offeeling aboutonesfellow man「“Not sosay scientistsJohn Barleyand BibFatane.These menwent beyondtheheadlines toprobe the reasons why people didntact.T heyfound that a personhas to gothrough twosteps beforehe can help.First hehas to notice thatis anemergency.Suppose yousee amiddle-aged manfall to the side-walk,ishehavi nga heart(昏迷)(糖尿病)?attack ishe in a comafrom diabetesOr ishe aboutto sleepoffa drunkis the smokecoming into the roomfrom aleak in theairconditioning Isit?“steam pipes”Or isit reallysmoke from a fireifs notalways easyto tellifyou arefaced with a realemergency.Second,and moreimportant,the personfaced with an emergencymu stfeelpersonally responsible.He must feel that he musthelp,ortheperson wontgetthe helphe needs.The researchersfound that alotdepends onhow many people area round.They hadcollege students intobe“tested Some came alone.Somecamewith oneor twoothers.And somecameinlarge groups.Thereceptionist startedthem offon the“tests.Then she went into the nextroom.Acurtain dividedthe“testing room“and theroom into whichshewent.Soon thestudentsheard ascream,thenoiseof file cabinetsfalling anda cryfor help.Allof thishad beenpre-recorde don atape-recorder.Eight out of tenof the students takingthe testalone actedto help.Of thestudents inpairs,only twoout often helped.Of thestudentsin groups,none helped.In otherwords,in agroup,Americans oftenfail to act.They feel that otherswillact.They,themselves,neednt.They do not feelany direct responsibility.Are people bothered bysituations wherepeople are in troubleYes.scientistsfound thatthe peoOplewere emotional,they sweated,they hadtrembling hands.They feltthe other persons trouble.But theydi dnot act.They werein agroup.Their actionswere shapedbythea ctionsof thosethey werewith.
36.The purposeof this passage isAto explain whypeople fail to act in emergencies川B toexplain whenpeoplewact inemergenciesC toexplain whatpeople willdo in emergenciesD toexplain how people feelinemergencies
37.Which of the followingis NOTtrueA When a persontries to help others,he mustbe clearthat there is arealemergency.B Whena persontries tohelp others,heshouldknow whetherheyareworthhis help.C Aperson must take thefull responsibility for thesafety ofthose inemergenciesif hewants tohelp.D Aperson witha heartattack needsthe most.
38.The researchershave conductedan experimentto provethat peopie will actin emergencieswhenA they are inpairsB they are ingroupsC they are aloneDthey arewith theirfriends
39.The mainreasonwhypeoplefail to actwhen theystay togetheri sthatA they are afraidof emergenciesB they are reluctant to get themselvesinvolvedC otherswillactif theythemselves hesitateDthey do not have any directresponsibilityforthose whoneed help
40.The authorsuggests thatAwe shouldntblame a person ifhe failsto actin emergenciesBa person mustfeelguilty ifhe failsto helpCpeople should be responsible for themselvesinemergenciesDwhen youareintrouble,people will help youanywayPassage9People do not analyzeevery problem they meet.Sometimes they try toremembera solutionfrom thelast timetheyhada similarproblem.They often acceptthe opinions or ideas of other people.Other timesthey beginto act withoutthinking;theytryto find a solution by trialand error.However,when allthese methodsfail,thepersonwithapr oblemhastostart analyzing.There aresix stagesin analyzinga problem.First theperson mustrecognize that there is a problem.For example,Samsbicycle is broken,and he cannot readit toclass ashe usually does.Sam mustseethat there is a problem withhis bicycle.Next the thinker mustdefine the problem.Before Samcan repairhis bicycle,hemust findthereasonwhy itdoes notwork.For instance,he mustdetermine if theproblem iswith the gears,the brakes,orthe frame.He mustmake hisproblemmore specific.Now thepersonmustlook for information that will make the problemclearer andleadto possiblesolutions.For instance,suppose Samde cidedthat hisbikedoes notwork becausethereissomething wrongwith the gear wheels.At thistime,hecanlook inhis bicyclerepair book andread aboutgears.He cantalk tohisfriends atthe bikesho p.He canlookathis gearscarefully.after studyingthe problem,thepersonshould haveseveral suggestionsfor apossible solution.Take Samasanillustration.His suggestionsmight be:put oilon the gear wheels;buy newgear wheels and replace theold ones;tighten orloosenthe gearwheels.Eventually onesuggestion seemstobethe solutiontothe problem.S ometimesthefinal ideacomes verysuddenly becausethethinkersud denlyseessomething newor seessomething inanewway.Sam,fo rexample,suddenly口香糖sees thatthereis a piece of chewinggum betweenthegearwheels.Heimmediately realizesthe solutionto hisproblem:he mustclean thegearwheels.Finally thesolution istested.Sam cleansthegearwheelsandfinds thatafterwards hisbicycle worksperfectly.In short,hehassolved theproblem.
41.What is the besttitle forthis passageASix Stagesfor RepairingSams BicycleBPossible Waysto Problem-solvingC Necessitiesof ProblemAnalysisD Suggestionsfor Analyzinga Problem
42.In analyzinga problemwe shoulddo allthe followingexceptA recognizeand definethe problemBlook forinformation to maketheproblem clearerChave suggestionsfor apossible solutionDfindasolutionbytrial ormistake
43.By referringto Samsbrokenbicycle,the authorintends to■A illustratethe ways to repairhis bicycleBdiscuss theproblems of his bicycleCtell us howtosolve aproblemD showushowto analysesaproblem
44.Which of the followingis NOTtrueA Peopledo notanalyze theproblemthey meet.B Peopleoftenaccepttheopinionsorideasofother people.C Peoplemay learnfrom theirpast experienceD People can not solvesome problemstheymeet.
45.As usedin thelast sentence,the phrase“in short”means■A in the longrun Bin detailC ina wordD in the endPassage10The poverty line isthe minimumincome that people needfor anacc eptablestandard of living.People withincomes below the poverty line areconsideredpoor.Economists studythe causesof poverty in orderto find solutions to theproblem.As the general standard of livingin thecountry rises,the poverty line does,too.therefore,even withtodays relativelyhigh standardof living,about10percentof thepeople in the United States arebelowthe poverty line.However,if thesepeoplehad stablejobs,they couldh avean acceptablestandardof living.Economists suggestseveral reasons whypoor peopledo not have jobs.For onething,more thanhalf of the poor people in the UnitedStates are notqualified towork.Over40percent of the poor people arech ildren.By law,children lessthan16years oldcannot workin manyi ndustries.A largenumberof poor people areold.Many coMPAniesdonot hirepeople over65years old,the normalretirement age.Some poor adults donot look for jobsfor avariety ofpersonal reasons:theyare(动力).sick,they donot have any motivation they havef amilyproblems,or theydonot believe that they can finda job.Other poorpeople look for ajob butcannot findone.Many pooradul tsneverwent tohigh school.Therefore,whentheylookforjobs,they havefew skillsthatthey canoffer.At thepresent time,thegovernmentthinks itcan reducepovertyinthecountryin the following ways.First,if thenational economygrows,businesses andindustries hirem oreworkers.Some ofthe poorwho arequalified tolookforjobs mayfindemployment.Then theywill no longer bebelow the povertyline.Second,if societyinvests in the poor,the poorwill becomemore productive.ifthe governmentspends moneyon socialprograms,educati on,and trainingfor川poorpeople,the poorwill havethe skstooffer,Then it is morelikely that theycanfind jobs.Finally,ifthegovernment distributessocietys incomedifferently,it raises somepoorpeople abovethe povertyline.The governmentcollect staxes from thenon-poor and gives moneytothe poor.These payments tothe poorare calledwelfare,in1975over18million people inthe UnitedStates receivedwelfare.Some economistsare lookingfor bettersolutions tothe povertyprobl em.However,atthepresent time,many peopledepend onwelfare foraminimallyacceptable standardofliving.
46.The authors mainpurpose to write thisarticle isAto definewhat the povertylineisB toexplain whysome peoplelive the poverty lineCtofindsolutions totheproblemof povertyDto showsyMPAthy forthose poorpeopleB Thelocation the McDonalds chosewas the only sourceofthe greatpopularityof theirdrive-inC Fortyyears agothere werenumerous fast-food restaurantsDRay Kroc wasagood businessman
4.The passagesuggests that.A creativityis animportant elementof businesssuccessB RayKrocwas the closepartner oftheMcDonaldbrothersC MacandDickMcDonald becamebroken aftertheysoldtheir ideas toRayKrocD Californiaisthe best placeto gointo business
5.As usedin thesecond sentenceofthethird paragraph,the word”uniquemeansA specialC financialBattractive DpeculiarPassage2YouYe busyfilling outthe applicationform for a positionyou reallyne ed;letsassume youonce actuallycompleted acouple of years ofco liegework or eventhat youcompleted yourdegree.Isnt ittempting to liejust alittle,to claimon theformthat yourdiploma representsa
47.Which ofthe followingis NOTtrueA Tenpercent ofthe Americanslive apoor life.B Poorpeople arethose wholove belowthepovertyline.C Thepovertylinerises asthegeneralstandardofliving rises.D Thepovertylinetends tobe atthe samelevel.
48.More than40percent ofthepoorpeople arechildren.This isma inlybecauseA they donothaveenough motivationBtheyareso youngthat theyare deprivedof chances to workCthey failto getenough educationDtheyarevery poorin health
49.Most ofthe Americanpoorpeople are notqualified foremployme ntbecauseA theytonothave anymotivation toworkB theyare notvery self-confidentC theyare tooyoung ortoo oldto workDthey havephysical andfamily problems
50.We mayconclude from the passage thatA bettersolutionstothepovertyproblem are not yetfoundB welfarewill enablepeople tobe richCpoorpeople are boundto goout ofthepovertyline ifthey havechancestodobusinessD employmentisthebest solutiontothepoverty problemPassage11Dream isa storythat a personuwatches,Jor eventakes partin duringsleep.Dream eventsare imaginary,but theyare relatedto realexperi encesand needsin the dreamerslife.They seemreal whiletheyaretaking place.Some dreamsarepleasant,others areannoying,andstill othersare frightening.Everyone dreams,but somepersons neverrecall dreaming.Others rememberonly alittle abouta dreamtheyhadjust beforeawakening and nothingaboutearlier dreams.No onerecalls allhis dreams.Dreams involvelittle logicalthought.In mostdreams,the dreamerca nnotcontrolwhat happensto him.The storymay beconfusing,andthings happenthatwould nothappen inreal life.People seein mostdreams,but theymay alsohear,smell,touch,and tastein theirdrea ms.Most dreamsoccur incolor,butpersons whohave beenblind sinee birthdonotsee atall in dreams.Dreams area productofthe sleepers mind.They includeevents and feelingsthat hehas experienced.Most dreamsare relatedto eventsofthe daybeforethedream andstrong wishesofthedreamer.Man yminorincidents ofthe hoursbefore sleepappear indreams.Few events morethantwo daysold turnup.Deep wishesor fears-especi allythose heldsincechildhood-often appearindreams,and manydr earnsfulfil suchwishes.Eventsin the sleepers surrounding-a loudn oise,for example,may becomepartofadream,but theydonotcau sedreams.Some dreamsinvolve deepfeelings thata personmay notrealize hehas.精神病医生Psychiatrists oftenuse materialfrom apatient sd reamsto helptheperson understandhimself better.Dreaming mayhelp maintaingood learningability,memory,and emotionaladjustment.People whoget plentyof sleep-but areawakened each timetheybegin todream-become anxiousand restless.
51.This passageis mainlyaboutA whywe dream during sleepBhow wedreamduringsleepC whatdreams areDwhat benefitsdreams bringtopeople
52.According tothe passage,dreams resultfrom.A the sleepers wishesBthe sleepersimaginationC thesleepers feelingDthesleepersown mind
53.Which ofthe followingis NOTtrueA Dreamisaconfusing storywhich involveslittle logicthought.B Dreamis relatedtothedreamers real life.C Dreamisanimaginary storewhich seemsreal whiletaking place.D Dreaminvolves eventsthat alwayshappen inreallife.
54.This passagesuggeststhatpsychiatrists areAtryingtohelpthedreamer recallhis earlierdreams.B tryingtomakethesleeperdream logically.C studyingthe benefitsof dreams.D helpingthesleeperfulfill hisdreams
55.We mayinfer formthe passagethat dreamingAis beneficialto peopleBdisturbs peopleslifeC makespeople alwaysrestlessD deprivespeople ofagoodsleepPassage12(心理学家),According topsychologists an emotion isaroused when a manoranimal viewssomething aseither bador good.Whenaperso nfeels likerunningaway fromsomething hethinks willhurt him,we callthis emotionfear,if thepersonwants toremove thedanger bya ttackingit,we callthe emotionanger.The emotionsof joyand loveare arousedwhenwethink somethingcanhelpus.An emotiondoes nothavetobe created by somethingin theoutside world,it canbecreatedbya personsthoughts.Everyone hasemotions.Many psychologistsbelievethatinfants areb ornwithoutemotions.They believechildren learn emotions justasthey learn toread andwrite.A growingchild notonly learnshis emotions butlearns howtoact incertain situationsbecause ofan emotion.Psychologists thinkthatthere are two types ofemotion:positive andnegative.IPositive emotionsinclude love,liking,joy,delight,and hope.They arearousedby somethingthat appealstoaperson.Negative emotionsmakeapersonunhappy ordissatisfied.They includeanger,fear,despair,sadness,and disgust,in growingup,aperson learns to copewith thenegative emotionsin order to behappy.Emotions maybe weakor strong.Some strongemotions areso unpleasant thataperson willtry anymeans to escape from them,in ordertofeel happy,theperson maychoose unusualwaystoavoid theemotion.Strong emotionscanmakeit hardto thinkand tosolve problems.Th eymayprevent aperson fromlearning orpaying attentionto whathe isdoing.Forexample,a studenttaking an examination maybe soworried aboutfailing thathecannot thinkproperly.The worrydrains valuable mentalenergy heneeds fortheexamination.
56.We learnfrom the passagethat anemotionis createdby somethingA onethinks bador goodBone feelsin dangerCone faces in theoutside worldDone triestoescapefrom reallife
57.Which ofthe followingis NOTtrueA Childrenlearnemotionsas theygrow up.B Babiesare bornwith emotions.C Emotionsfall intotwotypesin general.D Peoplecan copewith thenegative emotionsin life.
58.The authors purposeof writingthis passageis toAexplainwhypeople haveemotionsB showhowpeopleavoidthenegative emotionsCexplain whatpeople shoulddo beforeemotionsD defineand classifypeoples emotions
59.We cansafely concludethatastudent mayfail inanexamif■A hecannotthink properlyBhe cantpay attentionto itChe cantpay attentionto itDhe is not fullof energy
60.As usedin thelast sentence,the word“drains meansAstops Bties Cweakens Dflows graduallyPassage13Faces,like fingerprints,are unique.Did youever wonderhow it ispossible forusto recognizepeople Evena skilledwriter probablycoul dnot describeall thefeaturesthat makeone facedifferent from anot her.Yet avery youngchild---oreven ananimal,such asa pigeon-ca nlearn to recognize faces.We alltake thisabilityfor granted.We alsotell peopleapart byhow theybehave.When wetalk abouts omeonespersonality,we meanthe waysin whichhe or she acts,sp eaks,thinks andfeelsthat makethat individualdifferent fromothers.Like thehuman face,human personality is verycomplex.But describingsomeones personality in wordsis somewhateasier thandescribin ghis face,ifyou were asked to describe whata“nice face“looked like,you probablywouldhave adifficulttimedoing so.But if you wereaskedto describea“niceperson,you mightbegin tothink abouts omeonewho waskind,considerate,friendly,warm,and soforth.There aremany wordsto describehowaperson thinks,feels andac ts.Gordonall ports,an Americanpsychologist,found nearly18000E nglishwordscharacterizing differencesin peoplesbehavior.And manyofus usethisinformation asa basisfor describing,or typing,hispersonality.Bookworms,conservatives,military types-peoplearedescrib edwith suchterms.People havealways tried to“type”each other.Actors inearly Greekdrama wore坏人masks toshow theaudience whetherthey playedthe villain sor theherosrole.In fact,the words“person”and“perso nalityJ,come from the Latinpersona,meaning mask.Today,most television andmovie actorsdonotwearmasks.But wecan easilytellthe“good guys”fromthe“bad guys”because thetwotypes differinappearance aswell as in actions.
61.The mainidea ofthis passageisAhowto distinguishpeoples facesBhowto describe peoplespersonalityC howto distinguishpeoplebothinward andoutwardD howto differgood personsfrom badpersons
62.The authoris mostprobably aAbehaviorist Bpsychologist Cwriter Dsociologist
63.Which ofthe followingis NOTtrueA Differentpeoplemay have differentpersonalities.BPeoplediffer fromeach inappearance.CPeoplecan learntorecognizefaces.DPeoplecan describeallthefeatures ofothers.
64.The reasonwhy it is easiertodescribea personspersonalityinwords thanhisface is thatA a persons face is morecomplex thanhis personalityBapersonspersonalityiseasily distinguishedCpeoples personalitiesareveryalikeD manywords areavailable whenpeople trytodescribeones personality
65.We learnfromthe passagethatpeople classifyapersoninto certain typeaccording toA hisway ofacting andthinkingB hisway ofspeaking andbehavingC hislearning andbehaviorD hisphysical appearanceand hispersonalityPassage14Most youngpeople enjoysome formof physicalactivity.It maybe walking,cycling orswimming,orinwinter,skating orskiing,it maybea game ofsome曲棍球,kind football,hockey golf,of tennis,it maybe mountaineering.Those whohaveapassion forclimbing highand difficultmountains are oftenlookedupon withastonishment.Why aremen and women wiHing tosuffer coldandhardship,and to take riskson highmountainsThis astonishmentis causedprobably bythe difference between mountaineeringand otherforms ofactivity towhich mengive theirleisure.Mountaineering isa sportand notagame.There areno man-made rules,asthere refor suchgames asgolf andfootball.There are,ofcourse,rules ofadifferent kindwhich itwouldbe dangerous toignore,but itis thisfreedom fromman-made rulesthat makesmountaineeri ngattractive tomanypeople.Thosewho climbmountains arefree to use theirown methods.If weco MPAre mountaineeringand othermore familiarsports,we might thinkthatone bigdifference isthat mountaineeringis nota teamHarvarddegree Orthat youfinished anextra coupleof yearsback atStateUniversityMore andmore peopleare turningto utterdeception likethis toland theirjob ortomove aheadin theircareers,for personnel officers,lik emost Americans,value degrees from famous schools.A jobapplica ntmay havea goodeducationanyway,but heorsheassumes thatchances ofbeing hiredare betterwitha diplomafrom awell-known uDiversity.Registrars atmost well-known甘colleges saythey dealwith decei ulclaims likethese atthe rateof aboutoneper week.Personnel officersdo checkup ondegrees listedon applicationforms,then.If itturns out thatan applicantis lying,most collegesarereluctant toaccuse the骗applicant directly.One IvyLeague schoolcalls t hem“impostors子”;another referstothemas“special cases.on ewell-known West Coastschool,in perhapsthe mostdelicate phraseof all,says thatthese claimsaremade by“no suchpeople.H(彻底的)To avoidoutright lies,some job-seekers claimthat they“att endedor“were associatedwith“a collegeor university.After carefully checking,apersonnel officermay discoverthat“attending meansbeing dismissedafter onesemester.It maybe that“being associatedwith”a collegemeans thatthe job-seeker visitedhis youngerbroth erforafootball weekend.One schoolthatkeeps recordsof falseclai mssays thatthe practicedates backatleastto theturn ofthecentu ry-thafs whenthey begankeeping records,anyhow.game\We shouldbe mistakenin this.There are,itis true,no matehes betweenteamsof climbers,but whenclimbers areonarock face linkedbyarope onwhichtheir livesmay depend,thereisobviou slyteamwork.The mountainclimber knowsthat hemayhaveto fightforces thatarestrongerand morepowerful thanman.He hasto fightthe forcesof nature.His sportrequireshigh mentaland physicalqualities.A mountainclimber continues to improvein skillyear afteryear.A skier isprobablypast hisbest bythe ageof thirty,and mostinternation altennischampions arein theirearly twenties.But itis nounusual foraman offifty orsixtyto climbthe highestmountains in the Alps.They maytake moretime thanyoungermen,but theyprobably climbwith moreskill andless wasteof effort,and theycertainly experienceequalenjoyment.
66.Mountaineering isa sportwhich involvesAhardship Cphysical riskBcold Dall ofthe above
67.The maindifferencebetweena sportandagame liesinA uniformC rules川B activityD sks
68.Mountaineering isalso ateam sportbecauseA it involves rulesBitinvolvesmatches betweenteamsC itrequires mentaland physicalqualitiesD mountaineersdepend oneach otherwhile climbing
69.Which ofthe followingis NOTtrueA Mountaineerscompete againsteach other.B Mountaineerscompete againstother teams.C Mountaineerscompete againstnature.D Mountaineerscompete againstinternational standard.
70.What isthebesttitle forthe passageAMountaineeringB MountainClimbersC Mountaineeringis Differentfrom Golfand FootballDMountaineering IsMore DangerousThan OtherSportsPassage15There isa popularbelief amongparents thatschools arenolongeri nterestedinspelling.No schoolI havetaught inhas everignored spelling orconsidered itunimportantasabasic skill.There are,howeve r,vastly differentideas about(优先)howtoteach it,or howmuch priorityit mustbe givenover generallanguagedevelopment andwritin gability.The problem is,howtoencourage achildto expresshimsel ffreely andconfidently in writing withoutholding himbackwiththec omplexitiesof spellingIfspelling becometheonlyfocal pointofhisteachers interest,clearly abright川二川child w be likelyto“play safeHe wtendtowrite onlywords withinhisspelling range,choosing toavoid adventurouslangua ge.Thafs whyteachersoften encouragetheearlyuseofdictionaries andpay attentionto contentratherthan technicalability.I wasonce shockedto readon thebottom ofa sensitivepieceofwri tingabout apersonalexperience:This workis terrible!There arefa rtoo manyspellingerrors andtechnical abilitiesinwriting,but it was alsoa sadreflection ontheteacher whohad feelings.The teacherwas notwrong todraw attentionto theerrors,but ifhis prioritieshad centeredonthechilds ideas,an expressionof hisdisappointmentwi ththe presentationwould havegiven thepupil more(动力)motivation toseek improvement.
71.Teachers aredifferent intheir opinionsabout)A thenecessity ofteaching spelling)Btherole ofspelling ingeneral languagedevelopmentthe complexitiesofthebasic writingskillsD
72.As usedinthesecond paragraph,the expression“play safe”mos tprobablymeansA tospell correctlyBtowritesmoothlyC toavoid usingwords oneis notsure ofDto usedictionaries frequently
73.Teachers encouragethestudentstousedictionaries sothat■川A studentsw beable towrite morefreely川B studentswbe more skillfulin writingC students will be moreconfident inwritingD studentswill beindependent enough
74.The authors toneisA ironicC satiricalBpractical Dcritical
75.This passagemainly discusses川Btherole ofdeveloping writingsk sCthe complexitiesof spellingDthe relationshipbetween spellingand thecontent ofwritingPassage16Tea drinkingwas commonin Chinafor nearlyone thousandyears beforeanyone inEurope hadever heardabout tea.People in Britain were muchslowerin findingout whattea waslike,mainly becausetea wasvery expensive.It couldnot bebought inshops andeven thosepeople whocould afford to haveitsent from Holland didso onlybe cause it wasa fashionablecuriosity.Someof themwere notsure howtouseit.They thoughtitwasa vegetableand triedcookingthe Ieaves.Then theyserved themmixed withbutter andsalt.Theysoon discoveredtheir mistakebut manypeople usedto spreadthe usedte aleaveson breadandgivethemtotheir childrenas sandwiches.Tea remainedscarce andvery expensivein Englanduntil theships oftheEastIndia CoMPAnybegan tobring itdirect fromChina early intheseventeenthcentury.During thenext fewyears somuch teaca meintothecountry thattheprice felland manypeople couldaffordto buyit.At thesame timepeople onthe Continentwere becomingmore andmore fondoftea.Until thentea hadbeen drunkwithout milk in it,bu tone daya famousFrenchlady namedMadame deSevigne decidedtosee whattea tastedlike whenmilk wasadded.She foundit sop leasantthatshe wouldnever againdrink itwithout milk.Because shewas sucha greatladyher friendsthought theymust copyeverything shedid,so theyalso dranktheirtea withmilkin it.Slowly thishabit spreaduntil itreached Englandandtoday onlyvery fewBritons drink tea without milk.At first,tea wasusually drunkafter dinnerinthe evening Nooneever thought公爵夫人of drinking tea inthe afternoonuntil aduchess found thata cupoftea anda pieceof cakeat threeor fouroclock stopped hergetting“a sinkingfeeling”as shecalled it.She invitedher friendsto havethis newmeal withherand so,tea-time wasborn.
76.Which ofthe followingis trueoftheintroduction oftea intoBritai nAThe Britons got expensivetea fromIndia.B Teareached BritainfromHolland.C TheBritons werethe firstpeople inEurope whodranktea.D Itwas notuntil the17th centurythattheBritons hadtea.
77.This passagemainly discussesBhow teabecame a popular drink in BritainChow theBritonsgotthe habit of drinkingteaD howtea-time wasborn
78.Tea becamea populardrinkinBritainA ineighteenthcenturyB insixteenth centuryCinseventeenth centuryDinthe lateseventeenth century
79.People inEurope beganto drinkteawithmilk becauseAit tastedlike milkBit tastedmore pleasantCit becameapopulardrinkD Madamede Sevingewas sucha ladywithgreat socialinfluencethatpeopletriedtocopy theway shedrank tea
80.We mayinfer fromthe passagethatthe habit ofdrinkingteainBritainwasmostly duetotheinfluence ofAa famousFrench ladyBthe ancientChinese)the uppersocial classC)D peoplein HollandPassage17A mysterious“black cloud55approaches theearth-our planetsweathe risseverely affected.Throughout therest ofJune andJuly temperaturesrose steadilyall over theEarth.In theBritish islesthe temperatureclimbed throughthe eighties,into thenineties,and movedtowards the hundred mark.Pe oplecomplained,but therewasno seriousdisaster.The deathnumber inthe U.S.Remained quitesmall,thanks largelyto theair-conditioning unitsthat hadbeen fittedduring previousyears andmonths.Temperatures rosetothelimit ofhuman endurancethr oughoutthe wholecountryand people were obligedto remainindoors forweeks onend.Occasionally air-conditioning unitsfailed anditwas thenthat fatalitiesoccurred.(热带地区)Conditions wereutterly desperatethroughout the tropics asmay bejudgedfromthefact that7943species ofplants andanimals becametotally extinct.The survivalof Manhimself wasonly possible什也窖)because ofthe cavesand cellarshewasable todig.Nothin gcould bedoneto reduce the hotair temperature.More thanseven hundredmillionpersons areknown tohave lost their lives.Eventually the temperature ofthe surfacewaters ofthe searose,not sofast astheair temperatureitistrue,but fastenough toproduce湿度.a dangerousincrease ofhumidity Itwas indeedthis increaset hatproducedthe disastrousconditions justremarked.Millions ofpeop Iebetweenthe latitudesof Cairo and the Cape of Good Hopewere subjected toa chokingatmospherethat grewdamper and hotter fromday today.All humanmovementceased.There wasnothing tobedone butto liebreathing quicklyasa dogdoes inhot weather.By thefourth weekof Julyconditions inthe tropicslay balancedbetw eenlifeand totaldeath.Then quitesuddenly rainclouds appearedov erthe wholeglobe.The temperaturedeclined alittle,due nodoubt totheclouds reflectingmoreoftheSuns radiationback intospace,B utconditions couldnot besaid tohaveimproved.Warm rainfell everywhere,even asfar northas Iceland.Theinsect population increased enormously,sincetheburning hotatmospherewas asfavorable tothemasitwas unfavorable to Manmany otheranimals.
81.In theBritish Islesthe temperatureAstayed ateightyB rangedfrom eightyto ninetyCapproached onehundredD exceededthehundredmark
82.Few peopleintheUnitedStateslosttheirlives becauseAthe temperaturewas tolerableBpeople remainedindoors forweeksC thegovernment hadtaken effectivemeasures toreducethe hot temperatureDpeoplewereprovided withthemostcomfortable air-conditioners开罗好望
83.Millions ofpeopleinCairoand theCapeofGoodHope角were subjectedtoachoking atmospherebecause.Athetemperature grewextremely hotBthetemperaturebecame damperandhotterasthehumidity ofthe surfacewaters ofthe seaincreasedC theirconditions weretoo dangerousDnothing could be donewiththehot temperature
84.By thefourth weekof Julyconditions inthetropicswere suchth athuman survival wouldbe impossibleA川If you dont wantto lieorevenstretch thetruth,therearecoMPAnie sthatw假的sell youa phonydiploma.One coMPAny,with officesin New Yorkand川onthe WestCoast,w putyour nameonadi plomafrom anynumber ofnonexistentcolleges.The pricebegins ataround twentydollars fora diplomafrom“Smoot StateUniversity.55Th eprices increaserapidly fora degreefromthe Universityof Purdue.”As thereisnoSmoot Stateandthereal schoolin Indianais properly calledPurdueUniversity,the pricesseem ratherhigh forone sheetof paper.
6.The mainidea ofthispassageisthatAemployers arechecking moreclosely onapplicants nowBlying aboutcollege degreeshas becomea widespreadproblemCcollege degreescan nowbe purchasedeasilyD employersarenolonger interestedin collegedegrees
7.According tothe passage,special casesvreferstocases where■A studentsattend a school onlypart-timeB studentsnever attendedaschoolthey listedon theirapplicationBmore andmore peoplewould losetheir livesCfewer peoplecouldbesavedD survivalor deathwas stillundecided
85.The insectpopulationincreaseddue toAthehotairB thetropical climateCtheraincloudsD thedamp atmospherePassage18In a family wherethe rolesof menandwomenarenotsharply separated andwheremany householdtasks areshared toa greateror lesser extent,notionsof male superiority arehardtomaintain.The patternof sharing in tasks andindecisions makesfor equality,and thisin turnleads tofurther sharing.In suchahome,the growingboy andgirl learntoacceptthat equalitymore easilythan didtheirparents andtoprepare morefully forparticipation ina worldcharacterized二by cooperation ratherthan bythe“battle ofthe sexesIfthe processgoes toofar andmans roleis regardedas lessimport ant-andthat hashappened insome cases-we areas badlyof asbefore,only inreverse.It istime toreassess therole ofthe manintheAmerican family.We aregetting(母亲崇拜),-alittletired of“monism”but wedon tw antto exchangeitfora(新父亲崇拜)“neo-popism Whatwe need,rather,istherecognition thatbringing up childreninvolves apartne rshipof equals.There aresigns thatpsychiatrists,psychologists,soci alworkers,and specialistsonthefamily arebecomingmore awareofthepart men play andthatthey have decidedthat(信任)-women shouldn otreceive allthe creditnot allthe blame.We havealmostgiven upsaying thata womansplace isthe home.We arebeginning,however,to analyzemens placeinthehome andto insistthathed oeshave aplaceinit.Nor isthat placeirrelevant tothe healthydev elopmentofthechild.The familyisacooperative enterprisefor whichitisdifficult tolay down rules,because eachfamily needstoworkout itsown waysfor soIving itsownproblems.Excessive authoritarianismhas unhappyconsequences,whether itwea rsskirtsor trousers,andtheideal ofequal rightsand equalresponsi bilitiesisconnected notonly witha healthydemocracy,but alsowitha healthy family.
86.From thepassage weknow thattheauthoris veryconcerned withtherolethat)menplay inafamilyB)A parentsplayinbringinguptheir childrenCwomen playinafamilyD equalityplays inafamily
87.The authormeans totell usthatA amansplace isinthehomeB awoman splace isinthehomeC awoman shouldbe equaltoamanD aman shouldhaveanequal sharein familymatters
88.According totheauthor,ahealthyfamily shouldbe basedon■A cooperationC momismBauthoritarianism Dneo-popism
89.Who willbenefit mostfromafamily patternofsharingintasksan ddecisionsAThe children.C Theman.B Thewoman DThe psychologist.
90.We maysafely conclude fromthepassage thatAmalesuperioritymaintains ahealthy familyBauthority anddemocracy arevery essentialtoahealthy familyCauthoritarianism doesno goodtoahealthy familyDwomen shouldbe equalto menPassage19I dontthink thereis anythingwrongwithyour blood.The keyto yourproblemis打盹,小睡that longnap after dinner.If youdidnt sleep for hoursduring theearly partoftheevening,you wouldbemore readyto sleepat bedtime.If youdidnt napafterdinner,you would notwant tostay upso late,and youwouldnotfeeltheneedtotakea sleepingp川.The pillisstillworking inyour system when you get upinthe morning.Thishelps accountforthefact that you feel tired all day.You shouldget outofthe habit ofsleeping during theevening.Right afteryourevening meal,engage insome sortof physicalactivity---a sportsuch asbowling,perhaps.Or gettogether with friends foran eveningof cardsandconversation.Then go to bedat yourusual time oralittleearlier,and you川.shouldbeableto get agood nightsre stwithout taking a pIf you canget intothehabit of spendingyour eveningsthis way,Iam sureyouwill feel less tiredduringtheday.At firstit maybe hardfor youto go to sleepwithouttaking apill.If so,get upand watchtelevision ordo somejobs aroundyourhouse untilyoufeelsleepy.Ifyoufall asleepand thenwake upa fewhours川.later,getupbut donot takea sleepingp Reada whileor listentotheradio,and make yourselfa fewhours sleepthat night,you willfeel betterinthe morning than you usuallyfeel aftertakingapill.The nextnight youwillbeready tosleepatanearlier hour.The mostimportant thingis toavoid takingthat napright after dinner andavoid川taking ps.
91.According tothe writer,itisdifficult foryoutogoto sleep becauseA you getthehabitofstaying uplateB youhaven ttaken sleeping pillsC yousleepforhours after dinnerD youfailtodo someexercises
92.Which ofthefollowingis NOTtrue ifyou wanttoget outofthehabitofsleeping duringthe eveningAGo tobed earlierthan usual.B Talkwith friendsafter dinner.C Staywithfriendsafterdinner.D Dosome physicallabor.
93.You feeltiredallday probablybecauseA youstay up too lateByougetup tooearlyinthemorning川C youtake sleepingp sDyou wakeuptoofrequently at night
94.Which ofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothe passageAYou mustnttakesleepingpillsin ordertogeta goodnights sleep.B Youshould stayup ifyou wanttosleepeffectively.C Foodis necessaryatnightifyoufailtogotosleep.D Itis veryimportanttogetoutofthehabitoftaking anapafterdinner.
95.We mayinfer thattheauthorismostprobably aAdoctor CscientistB reporterD professorPassage20Have youever beenafraid totalk backwhenyouwere treatedunfairl yHaveyou everbought somethingjust becausethe salesmantalke dyou intoit Areyouafraid toask someoneforadate(表现)Many peopleare afraidto assertthemselves.Dr.Alberti,autho rof StandUp,Speak Out,and TalkBack,thinks itsbecause theirs elf-respect islow.Our(体制)whole setup isdesigned tomake peopie distrustthemselves,“saysAlberti.“Theres alwayssuperior around-a parent,a teacher,a boss-who(削弱)knows better.There superiors oftengain whenthey chipaway atyourself-image.J,But Albertiand otherscientists aredoing somethingtohelp peopleassertthemselves.They offer“assertiveness training“courses-AT forshort.In theATcourses peoplelearn thattheyhavea righttobet hemselves.They learntospeak outandfeel good aboutdoing so.T heylearntobemoreactive withouthurtingotherpeople.In oneway,learning to speak outistoovercome fear.A grouptakin gan Atcoursewillhelpthe timidperson tolose hisfear.But Atuse san evenstrongermotive-the needto share.The timidperson speaksoutinthegroup becausehewants totell howthe feels.Whether ornot youspeak upfor yourselfdepends onyour self-image.Ifsomeone youfaceismore“important”thanyou,you mayfeellessofaperson.You startto doubtyour owngood sense.You gobytheotherpersonsdemand.But,why shouldyou ATsay syou cangettofeelgoodaboutyourself.And onceyoudo,you canlearnto speakout.
96.As usedthefirstline,the phrasetalk backmeansA persuadesomebody tochange hismindB answershowing disagreementCtalk andgo backDfight bravely
97.The passagemainly discussestheproblemthatA peopleare easilycheated whenthey buysomethingB peopleare afraidtospeakfor themselvesCsome peoplethink toolow ofthe themselvesDsomepeopleare afraidof superiors
98.We mayinfer fromthepassagethattheauthors attitudetowards thewholeset upisA positiveBnegativeC hostileDappreciative
99.One thingthat uAssertivenessTraining doesnot doisA helppeople overcomefearB showpeople theyhavearighttobe themselvesChelppeople to assertthemselves evenif otherssufferD helppeopletofeelgoodabout themselves
100.A besttitle forthispassageisA AssertivenessTrainingB Developmentof Self-respectC TheImportance ofSelf-imageD Howto FeelGood AboutYourselfKey BCCDABDCACPassage1CBDADCDBCAPassage2BCDDCCDDCAPassage3BBACCABDBCPassage4CDDACCBDDDPassage5DCDBBDCDCAPassage6CCBDBBCCDDPassage7CDCABBACDCCDBDAPassage8BDAABPassage9CDCDAPassage10BCBCAPassage11Passage12Passage13Passage14Passage15Passage
16.Passage17Passage18Passage19Passage20Cstudentspurchase false degreesfromcommercial filmsDstudents attendeda famousschool
8.We caninfer fromthepassagethatA performanceisabetter judgeof abilitythatacollegedegreeB experienceisthebest teacherCpast workhistories influencepersonnelofficersmorethandegrees doDa degreefromafamousschoolenables anapplicant togainadvantage overothers injob competition
9.This passageimplies thatAbuying afalsedegreeisnotmoralB personnelofficers onlyconsider applicantsfrom famousschoolsC mostpeople lieon applicationsbecause theywere dismissedfrom schoolDsociety shouldbe greatlyresponsible forlying onappli cations
10.As usedinthefirst.Line ofthesecondparagraph,thewordUutte r”meansA addressC thoroughBultimate DdecisivePassage3断层,Everyone hasheard ofthe SanAndreas faultwhich constantlythreatensCalifornia andtheWestCoast withearthquakes.But howmanypeople knowabouttheequally seriousNew Madrid fault inMis souriBetweenDecember of1811and Februaryof1812,three majorearthq uakesoccurred,all centeredaroundthetown ofNew Madrid,Missour i,on theMississippi River.Property damagewas severe.Buildings inthe areawerealmost destroyed.Whole forestsfell atonce,and huge cracksopened inthe硫磺ground,allowing smellof sulfurto filter upward.The MississippiRiver itselfcompletely changedcharacter,developing suddenrapidsand whirlpools.Several timesit changedits course,andonce,accordingto someobservers,it actuallyappeared torun backwards.Few peoplewerekilled inthe New Madrid earthquakes,prob ablysimply becausefew peoplelivedinthe area in1811;but these verityoftheearthquakes areshown bythefact thatthe shockwaves rangbells inchurch towersin Charleston,SouthCarolina,ontheco ast.Buildings shookinNewYork City,and clockswerestopped inW ashington,D.C.Scientists nowknowthatAmericas two major faultsare essentiallydif ferent.The SanAndreas isa horizontalboundary betweentwomajorland massesthatare slowlymoving inopposite directions.California earthquakesresult whenthe(倾斜)movementofthese twomasses suddenlylurches forward.The NewMadrid fault,ontheother hand,isa vertical fault;a somepoint,possibly hundredsof millionsofyearsago,rock waspushed up towardthesurface,probably byvolcanoes underthe surface.Sudd enly,the volcanoescooledandthe rock collapsed,leaving hugecrac ks.Even now,therock(触发)continuestosettle downwards,and suddensi nkingmotions triggerearthquakes intheregion.The faultitself,a largecrack inthis layerof rock,withdozens ofother cracksthat splitoff fromit,extends fromnortheast ArkansasthroughMissouri andintosouthern Illinois.Scientists whohave studiedthe NewMadrid faultsay therehave beennumerous smallerquakesintheareasince1811;these smallerqu akesindicatethat largerones areprobably coming,but thescientists sayhave nomethodof predictingwhenalarge earthquake will occur.
11.This passageis mainlyabout)the NewMadrid faultin MissouriABthe SanAndreas andthe NewMadrid faultsCthe causesof faultsDcurrent scientificknowledge aboutfaults
12.The NewMadridfaultisA ahorizontal faultBaverticalfaultC amore seriousfault thanthe SanAndreas faultDresponsibleforforming theMississippiRiver
13.We mayconcludefromthepassagethatA itis probablyas dangerousto livein MissouriasinCaliforniaB theNewMadridfault willeventually developa mountainrange inMissouriC Californiawill becomean islandin futureDA bigearthquakewilloccur toCalifornia soon
14.This passageimplies thatAhorizontal faultsare moredangerous thanvertical faults.。