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英语四六级汉译英之六级实战
(二)据世界卫生组织调查数据显示,中国烟草消费占全球三分之一据国家卫生部门估计,我国每年有100多万人死于与烟草有关的疾病吸烟不仅危害自身健康,还会污染环境,危害他人健康尽管国家卫生部门2011年就出台了公共场所禁止吸烟的规定,但这些规定并没有“严格执行”目前,政府明确要求各级领导干部带头在医院、公共交通设施和学校等公共场所禁烟,同时,要积极宣传禁烟工作,及时制止他人在公共场所吸烟
一、理清时态本文是对公共场所吸烟危害和禁烟规定的客观性描述,使用最频繁的时态应该是一般现在时判断过程
1.直接找信号词,如“2011年”——一般过去时,“出台了…并没有”(并联系上下文语境判断)——现在完成时
2.其余句子表述一般事实或经常性动作,采用一般现在时
二、合理断并本文句子逻辑清晰,主干明确,枝叶也很好“梳理”因此,可以根据意群断句据世界卫生组织调查数据显示,中国烟草消费占全球三分之一/据国家卫生部门估计,我国每年有100多万人死于与烟草有关的疾病/吸烟不仅危害自身健康,还会污染环境,危害他人健康/尽管国家卫生部门2011年就出台了公共场所禁止吸烟的规定,但这些规定并没有“严格执行,,/目前,政府明确要求各级领导干部带头在医院、公共交通设施和学校等公共场所禁烟,/同时,要积极宣传禁烟工作,及时制止他人在公共场所吸烟
三、找准主干,梳理枝叶
1.据世界卫生组织调查数据显示,中国烟草消费占全球三分之一【参考译文1】According tothe datacollected by the WorldHealth Organization,Chinese smokersconsumea thirdof the worlds cigarettes.【参考译文2】According tothe datacollected bythe WorldHealth Organization,China accountsfor athirdof theworlds cigaretteconsumption.
2.据国家卫生部门估计,我国每年有100多万人死于与烟草有关的疾病【参考译文1】Chinas national health authoritiesestimate overa milliondeaths fromtobacco-relateddiseases every year.【参考译文2]It isestimated byChinas nationalhealth authoritiesthat overa millionpeople diefromtobacco-related diseasesevery year.
3.吸烟不仅危害自身健康,还会污染环境,危害他人健康【参考译文】Smoking isbad for the healthof notonly thesmokers,but alsothe non-smokers becauseofthe polluted air.
4.尽管国家卫生部门2011年就出台了公共场所禁止吸烟的规定,但这些规定并没有“严格执行【参考译文】Although thenation*s healthministry issuedregulations in2011to bansmoking in publicplaces,they haventbeen nstrictlyenforced
11.
5.目前,政府明确要求各级领导干部带头在医院、公共交通设施和学校等公共场所禁烟,【参考译文1]At present,Chinese governmentexplicitly requires officials at all levels not to smoke in publicplaces suchas hospitals,public transportor schoolsto set a good example forthe public.【参考译文2]At present,officials atall levelsare explicitly required bythe governmentnot tosmokein public places suchas hospitals,public transportor schoolsto set a good example forthe public.【参考译文3]At present,it isexplicitlyrequiredbythegovernment thatofficials atall levelssmoke nocigarettein publicplaces suchas hospitals,public transportor schoolsto seta goodexample forthepublic.
6.同时,要积极宣传禁烟工作,及时制止他人在公共场所吸烟【参考译文]Besides,they shouldactively promotethe anti-smoking campaignand promptly stop otherpeoplefrom smoking in publicplaces.【解析】此句为无主句,但主语很明确,就是“各级领导干部”,但为避免重复,用“they”指代另外,“同时”这个承上启下的关联词除了“besides”外,还可以用“meanwhile,at thesametime,moreover”等其他表达【全文参考译文】According tothe datacollected bythe WorldHealth Organization,about onein threecigarettessmoked intheworldare inChina.Chinas nationalhealth authoritiesestimate overa milliondeaths fromtobacco-related diseaseseveryyear.Smoking isbad forthe healthof notonly thesmokers,but alsothenon-smokers becauseof thepollutedair.Although thenations healthministry issueda regulationin2011to bansmokinginpublicplaces,they haventbeen nstrictlyenforced
1.At present,Chinese governmentexplicitlyrequiresofficials atall levelsnottosmokeinpublicplaces suchas hospitals,public transportorschools tosetagoodexampleforthepublic.Besides,they shouldactively promotethe anti-smokingcampaign andpromptlystopother peoplefrom smokinginpublicplaces.重点词汇短语与表达:nationalhealthauthorities国家卫生部门(当局,机构)issue出台规定regulationbe strictlyenforced被严格执行officialsatalllevels各级官员setagoodexamplefor为…做好榜样anti-smoking campaign禁烟运动stop sbfrom doing阻止某人做某事。