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年山东省临沂市苍山县考研《英语一》模拟试题2023Section IUse ofEnglishDirections:Read thefollowing text.Choose thebest wordsfor eachnumbered blankand markA,B,C orD on the ANSWER SHEET.10points阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项、、和中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项A BC DWhenyou concentrate,you focuson onething andget otherthoughts outof yourmind.You concentrate on schoolwork,on sports,oron somemusic whichrequires seriouseffort.The pointis thatyou thinkof onlyone ata time,do itandleave itbehind you.to concentrateis important.Any adultwill tellyou theyhave atleast adozen thingson theirminds.Whenthey mustcomplete aproject bya certainday andhour,they concentrate on itand severalpeople intoa workteam.This aclear focusonthe work—and ongetting othersto dotheir.Adults have anlife whichmay includea husbandor awife,children,and all the workof runninga household.Supper mustbe andthebroken backstaircase mustbe fixedbefore someonegets.If achild issick,he orshemust go to the.With allthese thingson theirminds,how doadults the day Theyknow theycannot fightall theirbattles atone time,so theyconcentrateonthe mosttask,get itdone,and goonto thenext.武术The martialarts youthis kindof concentration.To doa movement,you mustwatch andimitate themaster.Since you do notalwaysget thingsright thefirst time,you mustfigure outyour andcorrect it.The instructor等级,is thereto,but you are stillresponsible for your personalprogress.As youmove upin rankmore and more isdemanded ofyou.The areincreasingly complex.You havetime inclass andwant toget the most fromit.一But sinceyou havelearned toconcentrateonmovements andget themright,you confidentlyaccept andmeet-these greaterchallenges.
1、A.technical B.political C.mental D.social、2A.opinion B,person C.question D.task、3A.Learning B,Agreeing C.Promising D.Preparing、4A.sometimes B.always C.hardly D.probably
5、A.organize B・order C.send D.divide、6A.offers B.changes C.adjusts D.requires、7A.lesson B,favorite C.best D.favor、8A.city B.home C.country D.art、9A.sold B.eaten C-cooked D.bought
20.BSection IIReading Comprehension、
21.D
2.A
3.B
4.C、
31.B
2.B
3.C
4.D、
41.C
2.D
3.D、
51.B
2.D
3.C
4.A
5.
1.helping
2.greatly
3.anger
4.he
5.the
6.later
7.to look
8.but
9.interested
10.became、
71.that
2.In
3.be allowed
4.goes
5.a
6.bored
7.which
8.mentally
9.jogging
10.reductionSection IIITranslation
8、
1.C
2.G
3.A
4.D
5.E
9、
1.D
2.A
3.G
4.B
5.C
10、A.hurt B.cheated C.punished D.beaten、11A.professor B,movie C.class D.doctor、12A.refer toB,dream ofC.get throughD.hope for、13A.pleasant B.hopeful C.difficult D.urgent、14A.teach B.lend C,leave D.spare、15A.quickly B.correctly C-carefully D.graciously16A.mistake B.pain C.disadvantage D.regret
17、A.practice B.pay C・watch D.help、18A.ideas B.cultures C.movements D.situations、19A.fixed B.limited C.appointed D.wasted20A.direct B.simple C.smart D.WiseSection IIReading ComprehensionPartADirections:Read thefollowing fourtexts.Answer the questions beloweach textby choosingA,B,C orD.Mark youranswers onthe ANSWER SHEET.40pointsText1兔耳袋狸In Australia,the bilbyproject isseen as an important part inprotecting thenations wildlife.Bilbies areknownfor theirlong earsand largeback legs.They usuallysleep duringtheday,and areawake atnight.They looka lotlike rabbitsand growtoabout
2.5kilograms.For thefirst timein2018,bilbies arerunning wild in SoutheasternAustralia.The smallanimals wereonce widespreadacrossmuch ofAustralia,but werelast observedin thewildinNew SouthWales statein
1912.Every yearbilby populationscontinue todecrease.Wildlife expertsare afraidthat thebilby,a smallmarsupial,could eventuallydisappear forever,either becauseof landclearingor fires.Another reasonis athreat fromcats andfoxes,which huntdown andkill bilbies.In northernNew SouthWales state,environmentalists arecelebrating whatthey arecalling ahistoric moment.Thirty bilbiesfroma captivebreeding programhave beenreleased intoa largepredator-free enclosedarea northof Sydney.Without theprotection of a32-kilometer fence,experts saythe animalsprobably wouldnot survive.Tim Allardheads theAustralian WildlifeConservancy,which isinvolved in the project.He saysthe releaseof thesebelovedanimals isa bigdeal.There aresome remainingwild bilbypopulations,but theyget predatedupon heavilyby feralcats andfoxes.Bilbies onlyreally survivebehind fenced areas.Allard saidthe pointof doingthis projectis to return thecountryside towhat itused tobebefore Europeansarrived.So in the not-too-distant future,you will be ableto goinside thefencedareas and itwillbelike steppingbackbefore Europeansturned upJ hesaid.1What isthe mainidea ofparagraph1A.The shapeof thebilby.B.The habitof thebilby.C.The weightof thebilby.D.The characteristicsof thebilby.
2、The followingsare thereasons fbrBilbies9disappearance EXCEPTA.Trees9clearing.B.Fires9bursting.C.Cats9hunting.D.Foxes9killing.、3What docsthe underlinedword“enclosed“in paragraph3probably meanA.Involved.B.Protected.C.Hunted.D.Enlarged.、4From Allardswords,what dowe knowA.The releaseof bilbiescan makemuch money.B.Cats andfoxes causethe decreaseof bilbies.C.Nature reservesare neededto protectbilbies.D.Europeans shouldntturn upin thecountryside.Text2Have youever noticedtiny raisedareas onthe branchesofatree Thesemay havebeen insects.These smallinsects feedon tree(汁液)sap.Insects onurban treesare notablymore abundantthan thoseon ruraltrees.As aresult,urban treessuffer fromheavyinfestations(害虫横行),and areoften unhealthyor die.To protectand restoreurban trees,health,we needto determinethe factorsthatmake thesetree pestsmore successfulin urbanhabitats.Living organismsinteract closelywith theirenvironment.The warmer,more drought-stressed treesharbor more successful peststhancooler,less drought-stressed trees.As citiesand naturalhabitats becomehotter and drier,damaging insectswill becomemoreabundant onurban trees.(可持续性)Trees withinurban forestsare valuableeconomically andfor the environmental sustainabilityof theregion.Morethan halfof theworlds populationlives incities.Across theglobe,people aremoving intocities ata fasterrate thanever.Rapid growthmayturn citiesinto placeswith harderconditions.Although citiesare primarilymade ofbuildings,roads,parking lots,and vehicles,there arestill plantsin them.The treeswithin acity arereferred toas the urban forest.Urban forestsoffer verybig benefitsto humanandenvironmental health.They improveair andwater quality,provide habitatfor wildlife,cool downtemperatures andbeautify ourenvironment.They make cities livable.However,being acity treeis noteasy.Heat releasedby humanactivities istrapped incities.As aresult,temperatures inurbanareas areoften warmerthan theirsurrounding ruralareas.We callthis urbanwarming ortheurbanheat islandeffect.Urban habitatsare(沥青)mostly madeof surfacesof asphaltand concrete.These surfacesreduce theamount ofrainwater thatreaches treeroots.As aresult,urban forestsmay suffer,which cannegatively affectpeople andtheenvironment.What canwe doto restoreurban forestsRegular irrigationwhen possiblemay helpkeep pestpopulations undercontrol.Planting treespecies thatare suitableto handleheat anddrought stresswould alsoreduce theoccurrence ofinsect pestoutbreaks.、1What makestree pestsmoresuccessfulin thecity thanin ruralareasA.The warmerand rainyhabitat.B.The hotterand drierhabitat.C,The cooleranddrierhabitat.D.The hotterand rainyhabitat.、2Urban forestsmakecitieslivable by.A.providing peopleenough cleanwaterB.improving theliving environmentC.offering peopleeconomic benefitsD.lowering thetemperatures
3、According to the text,what resultsin thecity trees,sufferingA.Natural disasters.B.Invisible forces.C.Human activities.D.Natural evolution.、4What wouldbe thebest titlefor thetextA,The Importanceof theUrban TreesB.How toProtect theUrban TreesC.Urban TreesAre inGreat DangerD.Lets Actfbr theProtection ofUrban TreesText3John H.Johnson wasborn ina blackfamily inArkansas cityin
1918.His fatherdied inan accidentwhen John was six.He wasreachingthe high school age,but hishometown offeredno high school forblacks.Fortunately he had astrong-willed caringmother.John rememberedthat his mother toldhim manytimes,Son,you can beanything youwant reallyto beif youjust believe.nShe toldhim not to depend on others,including hismother.You have to earnsuccess,nshe said.All thepeople whowork harddon*t succeed,but theonly people who dosucceed arethose whowork hard.”These wordscame froma womanwith lessthan athird gradeeducation.She alsoknew thatbelieving hardwork dontmeaneverything.So sheworked hardasacook fortwo yearsto saveenough totake herson,who wasthen15,to Chicago.Chicago in1933was notthe promisedland thatblack southernerswere lookingfor.Johns motherand stepfathercould notfindwork.But hereJohn couldgotoschool,and herehe learnedthe powerof words-asaneditor of the newspaperand yearbookat DuSableHigh Schoolhis wishwas topublish amagazine forblacks.While othersdiscouraged him,Johns motheroffered himmore wordsto liveby.Nothing beats a failure but a try.She alsolet him典当pawn herfurniture toget the$500he neededto startthe Negromagazine.It isnatural thatdifficulties andfailures followedJohnclosely untilhe becamevery successful.He alwayskeeps hismothers wordsin mind.Son,failure isnot inyour vocabulary!nNow JohnH.Johnson isone ofthe400richest peoplein America-worth$150million.、1Why didJohns motherdecide tomove toChicagoA.his fatherdied whenJohnwasvery youngB.life wastoo hardfor themto stayon in their hometownC.John neededmore educationbadlyD.there wereno schoolsfor Negroesin theirhometown、2John*smother.A.didnt believein ordependonothersB,thought one could bewhatever onewanted to beC.believed onewould succeed without working hardD.thought noonecouldsucceedwithoutworkinghard、3What doesthe underlinedsentence Nothingbeatsa failurebuta try.meanA.if you try,you wouldsucceedB.afailureis difficultto beat,even ifyou tryC.atryis alwaysfollowed bya failureD.no failurecanbebeaten unlessyoutry.Text4Science isfinaly beginningto embraceanimals who were,for along time,considered second-class citizens.As Annie Potts ofCanterbury Universityhas noted,chickens distinguishamong onehundred chickenfaces andrecognize familiarindividualseven aftermonths ofseparation.When givenproblems to solve,they reason:hens trainedto pickcolored buttonssometimeschoose togive up an immediatefood rewardfor aslightly laterand betterone.Healthy hensmay aidfriends,and mournwhen thosefrienddie.Pigs respondmeaningful tohuman symbols.When aresearch teamled byCandace Croneyat PennState Universitycarriedwooden blocksmarked with X andO symbolsaround pigs,only the O carriersoffered foodtotheanimals.The pigssoon ignoredthe Xcarriersin favoroftheO*s.Then theteam switchedfrom real-life objectsto T-shirts printedwithXor Osymbols.Still,the pigswalkedonly towardtheO-shirted people:they hadtransferred theirknowledge toa two-dimensional format,a notinconsiderable featofreasoning.Ive beenguilty ofprejudiced expectations,myself.At thestart ofmy careeralmost fourdecades ago,I wasfirmly convincedthat(灵长目动物),monkeys andapes out-think andout-feel otheranimals.Theyre otherprimates afterall,animals fromour own(哺孚动物的)mammalian Lclass.Fairly soon,I cameto seethat alongwith ourclosest livingrelatives,whales tooare mastersofcultural learning,and elephantsexpress profoundjoy andmourning with their socialcompanions.Long-term studiesinthewild onthesemammals helpedto fuela viewpointshift in our society:the publicno longerso easilyaccepts monkeysmade toundergo painfulprocedurekin laboratories,elephants forcedto performin circuses,and dolphinskept insmall tanksat themeparks.Over time,though,as Ibegan tobroaden outeven furtherand explorethe innerlives offish,chickens,pigs,goats,and cows,I(伦理的)started towonder:Will thenew scienceof foodanimals bringan ethicalrevolution interms ofwhowe eat Inother words,will ourethics startto catchup withthe developmentof ourscienceAnimal activistsare alreadythere,of course,committed tonot eatingthese animals.But whatabout therest ofus Canpayingattention tothe thinkingand feelingof theseanimals leadus tomake changesin whoweeat、1According toAnniePotts,hens havethe abilityof.A.interaction B.analysisC.creation D.abstraction、2The researchinto pigsshows thatpigs.A.learn lettersquicklyB.haveagood eyesightC.can buildupagood relationshipD.can applyknowledge tonew situations、3Paragraph4is mainlyabout.A.the similaritiesbetween mammalsand humansB,the necessityof long-term studieson mammalsC.a changein peoplesattitudes、towards animalsD.a discoveryof howanimals expressthemselves4What might be thebest titlefor thepassageA.The InnerLives of Food AnimalsB.The LifestylesofFoodAnimals C・Science Reportson FoodAnimalsPart BD.A Revolutionin FoodAnimalsDirections:Read thefollowing textand answerthequestionsby choosingthe mostsuitable subheadingfrom thelist A-G foreachnumbered paragraph41—
45.There aretwo extrasubheadings whichyoudonot needto use.Mark youranswerson theANSWERSHEET.10pointsWhen I was14,1decided tomake somepocket moneybyl.help Mr Miller cutthe grassinthegarden Iworked hardbecause thatwasmy firstpart-time jobAfter workingfor oneweek,Mr Millersaid thathehadno moneyfor meThat surprisedme
2.great Iarguedwith him,and thenI wentback homein
3.angryMy parentstold menottobe angrywith Mr Miller because
4.was indifficulties Thenmy mothercalled upMrMillerand they二talked aboutsomething on5-phone Afew days6late,my motherasked metoreturnto MrMillers gardenbecause hewas tooweak
7.look afteritWhen Icame back,MrMillersaid,Sorry,I haveno money,
8.T cando somethingfbr you“He playeda CDfbr meHearing thebeautifulmusic,Iwasso^interest init thatI forgotthe moneyand didtheworkwith pleasureAt last,he gaveme aticket toa concertAfterthat,IIP,become veryfond ofmusic NowI amfond ofthemostpopular singersinourcountry Ican neverthank MrMillertoo muchDespitethe truth1-students aresupposed tomake everyeffort tostudy,they needother thingsas well2,my view,the schoolwork」assigned tohighschoolstudents istoo heavyThey should3allow moretime forplay,if theyare togrow intohealthy andwell-rounded adultsAs thesaying
4.go,“All workand noplay makesJack
5.dull boyA lifeburdened withwork leadsyou nowhere,foryouwill gettired and
6.bore with your dailyroutine workBesides,the pressureput onhighschoolstudents byexcessive」」schoolwork cancause seriousdepression,7,is unhealthyphysically and8mental Properrelaxation,such as9jog andseeing」movies willrelieve thetension Allin all,a10reduce ofthe currentheavy loadwill certainlybenefit themSection III TranslationDirections:Do PeopleNeedTranslate thefollowing textinto Chinese.Write yourtranslation ontheANSWERSHEET.15pointsSmall Talkto BeHappy心理学家Psychologists havelong saidthat connectingwith othersis an importantpartof happiness,but justhow muchconversationwe requireis underexamination.In onestudy,researchers found that small talk madeup only10%of theirconversationrelated withhappiness.、1,Scientists believethat small talk couldpromote bonding.Late lastyear,Princeton researchersreported that small talkkeepscloseness withloved ones,and isntmerely thestuff ofawkward exchangeswith strangers.Still,chatting withstrangers couldbrighten yourmorning.In aseries ofexperiments,psychologists gaveChicago passengers
一、different directionsabout whetherto talkwith fellowpassengers somethingthey typicallyavoided.2,None ofthe chattersreportedbeing rejected.Small talkcan alsohelp usfeel connectedto oursurroundings.People whosmiled at,made eyecontact with,and brieflyspoke(月艮务员)(交withtheirStarbucks baristasreported agreater senseof belongingthan those who rushedthrough thetransaction易)One reportfoundthatwhen volunteersbroke thesilence to chat withgallery goers,the visitorsfelt happierandmoreconnected totheexhibit thanthosewho were notapproached.、
4.In onestudy,peoplewhowere rated“less curious^^by researchershad troublegetting aconversation rollingon theirown,(透and hadgreater luckbuilding closenesswith otherswhen theywere suppliedwith questionsthat encouragedpersonal disclosure露).But peoplewhowereconsidered“curious“needed nohelp whentransforming conversationsabout ordinarythings intopersonal、.exchanges.5A.The sameis trueof gallerygoers.B.They foundthatsmalltalk isrelated withhappiness C.But dontplay downsmalltalkjust yet.D.Of course,some peopleare betterthan othersat turningsmalltalkinto somethingbigger.E.A“curious mindset”,the authorconcluded,can leadto positivesocial interactions”.F.Making smalltalk isanimportantskill for allthesocial situations.G.Those toldtochatwith othersreported amore pleasantjourney.How YouOpen YourCar DoorMatters toCyclists、The“Dutch Reachisnt anew dancemove ora randomYou Tubechallenge.1And youmight keepyour car door safein theprocess,too.All youhaveto do ischange howyou openyour door.Typically,a personsitting inthe driversseat ofa caropens the door withthe handclosest toit.It makessense sincedoors aredesignedtobeopened thatway.Pull thehandle andthe door is open.But ifyou happentodothat atthe wrongtime,you may、unknowingly createan obstacleforapassing cyclist.The cyclistmightbeknocked downoff thebike.2Clearly,the solutionis fortheperson exitingthe vehicleto check for traffic.However,the cardoor designand long-time habitshave madethe processautomatically.、3Open yourcardoorwithyourother handusing the Dutch Reach.So insteadof usingyour lefthand,reach forthedoorhandle withyourright.This willforce youto turnyour body.At thevery least,youUl lookinto yourside viewmirror tocheckforany traffic.、4All Dutchare taughtit.Ifs partof regulardriver education.The techniquedates backabout50or60years intheNetherlands.In16an Americannamed MichaelCharney startedthe DutchReach Project.He wantedto popularizethe practice、intheUnited States.Charneys effortsmay bepaying off.5A.The cardoorislikely tobe damagedby thefast-moving bicycle.B.The Dutchare used to openingtheir cardoors thisway.C.Several statesnow includetheDutchReach intheir drivers9handbooks.D.Its asimple movethat canhelp preventharm tocyclists.E.People aretrying tochange theway toopen thecar.F.It iseasy todo onceyouareusedtoit.G.Luckily,theres asimple waytosolvethe problem.参考答案SectionIUse ofEnglish、
11.C
2.D
3.A
4.B
5.A
6.D
7.C
8.B
9.C
10.A
11.D
12.C
13.D
14.A
15.B
16.A
17.D
18.C
19.B。