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学年第二学期浙南名校联盟第二次联考2022高三年级英语试题考生须知
1.本卷共8页满分150分,考试时间120分钟；
2.答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字
3.所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效；
4.考试结束后，只需上交答题纸第I卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题每段对话仅读一遍
1.Whatdoes themanthink ofthestudioapartmentA.It isold.B.It issmall.C.It isexpensive.
2.Whendoes theman want to arriveinWashingtonA.Before900a.m.B.Before830a.m.C.Before730a.m.
3.Wheredidthewoman goat theweekendA.To atheater.B.Toa castle.C.Toagallery.
4.Whatare thespeakersmainlytalking aboutA.Amagician.B.A film-maker.C.Amovie.
5.Whatis theprobablerelationship betweenthespeakersA.Husband andwife.B.Waitress andcustomer.C.Policewoman anddriver.第二节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话或独白每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间每段对话或独白读两遍听第6段材料，回答第6和第7小题
6.When willtheexhibitionbeheldA.In25days.B.In14days.C.In3days
7.Whatdoes themanagerwant todoA.Return someoftheparts.B.Putoff hisdelivery.C.Test thematerial.听第7段材料，回答第8和第9小题
8.Whydidnt thewomanattend themeetingA.Shehadbeen toAnaheim.B.Shewas busyin heroffice.C.Shewas onavisittoNew York.notallowforwatertobemanaged accordingtoweatherconditions.（这样的工程通常被认为更环保，但它们不允许根据天气条件来管理水）”可知，径流式水甩站不允许根据天气情况来调节水量，故这种水电站不够灵活故选Bo[14题详解】推理判断题根据最后一段中“Wehaveturnedriverbasinsintoeconomicmachines thatonlyservepeopleandnotnature,andthiscreates moreproblems,likedroughtsandflooding（我们把河流流域变成了只服务于人类而不是自然的经济机器，这造成了更多的问题，比如干旱和洪水）”及“Wehaveto leamlocooperate withnature andnot againstitanymore.（我们必须学会与自然合作，而不是对抗它）”可知，我们解决方案的出发点应该是为自然服务故选D【15题详解】主旨大意题根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Thequestion nowishowto managethoseclimatc-changcd waterwaysand,specifically,whatroledamsshouldplayinmitigating（缓和）againstthekindsofdisastcrs.（现在的问题是如何管理这些受气候变化影响的水道，特别是大坝在减轻这类灾害方面应该发挥什么作用）”可知，气候变化正在导致降雨和干旱加剧，文章主要讨论建造大坝是否是解决这类灾害的出路，故A项”建造更多大坝这是一条出路吗？”适合作为文章标题故选A第二节（共5小题每小题分，满分分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项Conflictisanunavoidablepartoflife.Sohowcanwcsavemcaningfiiirelationshipsafterafightwithourlovedones16If youare currentlystruggling to seek forgiveness,consider thesecrucialsteps toapologizeefYectively.Saythewords.Afterhoursofquarreling,manypeoplestruggletosummonupthecouragetosay“Iamsorry.^^Tosomeitisalmostequaltoadmittingdefeat,andnoonelikestolose.17Instead,theymaybuyflowersorofferabackrub,convincedthatsurely thismust beenough.But isitWords areactually quiteuseful.18It iseasy tothink youarc thevictim in a fight.Wc tendto minimizeour ownerrors whileexaggerating themistakesof others.This isthe waywc rationalize（合理化）our actionsin conflicts.Simply put,we makeexcuses.But ifearningforgiveness isyour ultimategoal,then attemptto beless defensivethe nexttime youfind yourselfina fight.Stopmakingexcuses fbryourself andyour behaviorand ownupto youractions.Ask fbrthechancetomakeuporpay fbryourmistakes.This gestureisevenmoreeffectiveifitcomes atsomepersonalcost toyou.So payfbr thatbroken windowwith yourallowance,buy yoursister anew pairof headphonesafter a quarrel,oroffer tohelp your partner with extrahouseworkafter arguments.19Apologies dowork,but bemindfiii thathow youapologize alsomatters.20When youneed more than it,extra workisneeded todeveloptherelationship,likeseeking professionaladvice fromexperts.A.Takeresponsibility fbryour ownwrongdoing.B.Onecritical wayisby learninghowto apologize.C.Many peopletry toavoiduttering thoselittlewords.D.Second,real actionsshould comeaftersweet words.E.Its necessarytoremember toavoidfinancial lossesin afight.F.In theend,you willbefurther alonginthe forgivenessprocess.G.And sometimesanapology isnot enoughto repairarelationship.【答案】
16.B
17.C
18.A
19.F
20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了吵架后应该如何有效地道歉【16题详解】上文“So howcanwe savemeaningfulrelationships afterafightwith ourlovedones（那么，在和爱人吵架后,我们该如何挽救有意义的关系呢？）”提出一个问题，和爱人吵架后应该如何挽救这段关系下文Ifyouarecurrentlystrugglingtoseekforgiveness,considerthesecrucialstepstoapologizeeffectively.（如果你正在努力寻求原谅，考虑以下关键步骤来有效地道歉）”提到有一些有效道歉的方法，所以空处是问答上文的问题，吵架后应该道歉来寻求原谅，B项“一个关键的方法是学习如何道歉”符合语境，故选B【17题详解】根据I文“Tosomeitisalmostequaltoadmittingdefeat,andnoonelikestolose.（对一些人来说,这几乎等于承认失败，没有人喜欢失败）”可知，一些人认为吵架后说“对不起”等于承认失败，结合下文Instead,theymaybuyflowersoroffer aback rub,convinced thatsurely thismustbeenough」相反，他们可能会买花或为你按摩背部，因为他们确信这就足够了）”可知，这些人不想承认自己失败，他们不说“对不起”，反而通过买花或为你按摩背部来寻求原谅，C项“许多人试图避免说这出简短的这几个字”符合语境，故选C【18题详解】空处是段落主题句，根据本段最后一句Stopmakingexcusesforyourselfandyourbehaviorandownuptoyouractions.（不要再为自己和自己的行为找借口，要勇于承认自己的行为）”可知，本段主要讲述不要为自己的行为找借口，要勇于承担责任，A项“为自己的错误承担责任”符合语境故选A【19题详解】本段第二句This gestureisevenmoreeffectiveifitconiesatsomepersonal costtoyou.（如果你付出了一些个人的代价，这种姿态会更有效）”提到，如果付出一些个人的代价，道歉会更有效，空前一句Sopayforthatbrokenwindowwithyour allowance,buy yoursistera newpairofheadphones afteraquarrel,oroffer to helpyourpartnerwithextrahouseworkafterarguments.（所以，用你的零用钱赔偿打碎的窗户，在争吵后给你的妹妹买一副新耳机，或者在争吵后帮助你的伴侣做额外的家务）”列举了一些付出个人代价的实际行为，所以会更容易获得原谅，F项“最后，你会在原谅的过程中更进一步”符合语境，故选F【20题详解】卜文44Whenyouneedmorethanit,extraworkisneededtodeveloptherelationship,likeseekingprofessionaladvice（Yomexperts.（当你需要更多的时候，就需要额外的工作来发展关系，比如向专家寻求专业建议）”是描述道歉不起作用的情况下该怎么办，所以G项“有时候，道歉并不足以修复一段关系”符合语境，故选G第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑AstemperaturesdroppedduringthedeadlyNewYorkblizzard（暴风雪）,JayWitheystruckwasrunninglowonfuelsohewas left21inCheektowaga,NewYork,onDecember
23.Instead ofwaiting fbrrescue,he22:he decidedtoseek23bybreaking oneofthewindowsto getthem insideashebegan to24morepeoplestuckoutdoorswithnowheretogoTheschoolalarmwentoff,25policeofficialswereunabletoreachtheschoolduring thestorm.Healso leftthefront dooropensoothers couldmake theirwayinside.Onceinside,he openedthekitchen doorandgrabbedjust the26food tofeedpeople.Thegroup27indoors fbrabout24hours andleft thenextmorning.As thestorm28,Withey foundasnowblower（吹雪机）insidetheschoolandhelpedpeopledigouttheircars.He29helping24peopleduringthestomi.Beforeleaving,heleft anote3（）fbr breakinginto theschooland explaininghis31On December29thepoliceposted ontheirsocialmedia askingfbrhelp inseekingthehero,a manwhoassistedseveral people32the blizzard.They wantedtothank himfbr“his33actions thatsaved peoplesIives.^^Ofcourse,no34areexpectedtobemadeagainstWitheyfbrburstingin.Theselflessnessthatpeople35iswhatwesternNewYork isreallyproudof/concluded thePolicespokesperson.
21.A.trappedB.buriedC.occupicdD.injured
22.A.stood stillB.took actionC.pulled inD.movedon
23.A.fbrtunateB.assistanceC.directionD.shelter
24.A.waitB.meetC.gatherD.choose
25.A.becauseB.thoughC.butD.and
26.A.necessaiyB.deliciousC.freshD.healthy
27.A.playedB.sufferedC.stayedD.hesitated
28.A.blewB.clearedC.burstD.raged
29.A.brought aboutB.called offC.carried outD.ended up
3.A.appreciatingB.excusingC.apologizingD.applying
31.A.requestB.situationC.changeD.plan
32.A.beyondB.offC.throughD.under
33.A.heroicB.deliberateC.secretD.united
34.A.complaintsB.commentsC.awardsD.charges
35.A.cultivatcdB.rccognizedC.exhibitcdD.noticed【答案】
21.A
22.B
23.D
24.B
25.C
26.A
27.C
28.B
29.D
30.C
31.B
32.C
33.A
34.D
35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文文章主要讲述了JayWithey因为燃料不足，又遭遇了暴风雪，被困在纽约约奇克托瓦加，他及时采取行动寻找庇护，同时帮助了另外24个人临走前，他还留下一张纸条，为闯入学校道歉，并解糕了自己的处境[21题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意12月23日，纽约遭遇致命暴风雪，气温骤降，JayWithey的卡车燃料不足，他被困在纽约奇克托瓦加A.trapped被困B.buried埋葬C.occupied占据D.injured受伤根据上文“Jay Witheystruck wasrunninglowonfuelso”可知，因为暴风雪以及燃烧不足，被困了故选A【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析句意他没有等待救援，而是采取了行动:当他开始遇到更多被困在室外无处可去的人时,他决定通过打破一扇窗户来寻求庇护,让他们进去A.stoodstill站着不动;B.took action采取行动;C.pulled in吸入；D.moved on继续根据后文“bybreaking oneofthewindows n可知，他开始采取行动故选Bo【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析句意他没有等待救援，而是采取了行动:当他开始遇到更多被困在室外无处可去的人时,他决定通过打破一扇窗户来寻求庇护,让他们进去A.fbrtunate运气;B.assistance帮助;C.direction方向；D.shelter庇护根据后文“bybreaking oneofthewindows”可知，他们打破窗户进入室内寻求庇护故选D【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意他没有等待救援，而是采取了行动:当他开始遇到更多被困在室外无处可去的人时，他决定通过打破一扇窗户来寻求庇护，让他们进去A.wait等待；B.meet遇见；C.gather聚集；D.choose选择根据后文“morepeople stuckoutdoors withnowhere to go”指遇到更多被困在室外的人故选B【25题详解】考查连词词义辨析句意学校的警铃响了，但是警察在暴风雪中无法到达学校A.because因为；B.though虽然；C.but但是；D.and并且结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，故选C【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析句意一进去，他打开厨房的门，只拿了必要的食物来给人们吃A.necessary必要的；B.delicious美味的；C.fresh新鲜的；D.healthy健康的根据上文“heopened thekitchendoorandgrabbed justthe”可知，闯入学校拿了必要的食物来吃故选A【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意这群人在室内呆了大约24小时，第二天早上离开了A.played玩耍B.suffered遭受；C.stayed停留；D.hesitated犹豫根据后文windoors fbrabout24hours andleftthenextmorningM指他们在室内呆了大约24小时故选C【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意当风暴散去时;威瑟在学校里找到了一台吹雪机，帮助人们挖出他们的汽车A.blew吹；B.cleared清除；C.burst爆发；D.raged发怒根据后文“Witheyfoundasnowblowerinsidetheschoolandhelpedpeopledigout theircars.”可知,挖出了汽车,说明风暴停了故选B【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析句意他最终在暴风雪中帮助了24个人A.broughtabout引起；B.calledoff取消；C.carriedout实施；D.ended up最终根据后文helping24peopleduringthestorm”指他最终在暴风雪中帮助了24个人故选D【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意临走前，他留下一张纸条，为闯入学校道歉，并解释了自己的处境A.叩predating感激；B.excusing借口；C.apologizing道歉；D.applying申请根据后文fbr breakingintothe school”可知是为闯入学校而道歉故选C[31题详解】考查名词词义辨析句意临走前，他留下一张纸条，为闯入学校道歉，并解释了自己的处境A.request要求；B.situation情况;C.change改变；D.plan计划根据上文“explaininghis”可知,纸条上解释了自己当时的处境故选B32题详解】考查介词词义辨析句意12月29日，警方在社交媒体上发帖，寻求帮助寻找这位英雄，他曾在暴风雪中帮助了几人A.beyond超过；B.off脱离；C.through通过；D.under在下面根据后文“theblizzard”指帮助人们度过暴风雪，故选C【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析句意他们想感谢他“拯救人们生命的英雄行为”A.heroic英雄的；B.deliberate故意的；C.secret秘密的；D.united团结的根据后文“actions thalsaved peopleslives”指拯救人们生命的英雄行为故选A【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析句意当然，Withey不会因为闯入而受到指控A.complaints投诉；B.comments评论；C.awards奖励；D.charges控告根据后文Magainst Witheyfor burstingin”指控告Withey闯入学校的行为故选Do【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意警方发言人总结说“那人表现出的无私精神是纽约西部真正引以为豪的A.cultivated培育；B.recognized识别；C.exhibited展示；D.noticed注意至根据上文“Theselflessnessthatpeople,可知，这里指表现出的无私精神故选C第n卷第三部分语言运用共两节，满分30分第二节共10小题；每小题分，满分15分阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式In theHujiayuancommunityinBeijing,an oldbuildingthat36house aboilertoheat apartmentshas beentransformedtoprovide facilities,including amedicalcenter fbr37elderly anda fitnesscenter.The boilerroomsitehad beenvacant sincewinter2016,38heating pipelines管道in thecommunityweretaken overbythegovernment.39support bytheBeijing government,work onanimprovement projectbegan in2017,and about660households haveequally benefited.Lyu Yuhong,73,who haslived in the communityfbr morethan30years,saidthe improvementshavemade herlifemuch40easy,as shecan nowvisit adoctorandexercisein her neighborhood.By theend of2021,thegovernment41identify100such projectsin sevendistricts aimedat improvingtransportation,upgrading greenerywork,and providing42additionpublicfacilities toimprovethequality ofliving.Liu Daizong,programdirector at the WorldResources Institute,said itis vitalto improvethe livingenvironment fbr43resident in Beijing.Redesigning astreet canchange itsappearance andmake itmore44order,but afterthis workis done,vehicles maystilloccupy thestreet.Theway youmanagethisis45keeptheorder ofthestreetfrom thestartbyclarifying itsfunctions.^^Liuadded.【答案】
36.housed
37.the
38.when
39.Supported
40.casicr
41.had identified
42.additional
43.residents
44.orderly
45.to keep【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了北京市政府日前公布的旨在提高居民生活水平、将空间还给公众的措施【36题详解】考杳一般过去时句意在北京的胡家园社区，一幢曾经有锅炉为公寓供暖的老建筑已经被改造为提供包括老年人医疗中心和健身中心在内的设施分析句子可知，that引导定语从句，指代先行词building,在从句中作主语，空处是从句的谓语动词，结合“hasbeentransformedtoprovidefacilities”可知，从句是描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填housed【37题详解】考查定冠词句意同上此处是考查“the+形容词”的用法，表示一类人，theelderly老年人故填the【38题详解】考查定语从句句意锅炉房的场地从2016年冬天开始空置，当时社区的供暖管道被政府接管分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是winter2016,关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when故填when o【39题详解】考查过去分词句意在北京市政府的支持下，改善项目于2017年启动，约660户家庭受益动词support和逻辑主语work之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作状语，首字母应大写故填Supported【40题详解】考查形容词比较级句意73岁的LyuYuhong已经在这个社区住了30多年，她说,这些改善让她的生活变得更容易了，因为她现在可以在附近看医生，锻炼身体根据as shecannowvisila doctorandexercise inherneighborhood及空前的much可知，此处应用形容词比较级作宾补，暗含与以前的比较，表示“她的生活变得更容易”，故填easier[41题详解】考查过去完成时句意截至2021年底，政府已在7个地区确定了100个此类项目，旨在改善交通、升级绿化工作、提供额外的公共设施以提高生活质量根据时间状语“By theend of2021”可知，此处表示在过去某一时间前就已经完成的动作，故填had identifiedo【42题详解】考查形容词句意同上空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词facilities»additional额外的，形容词故填additional【43题详解】考查名词复数句意世界资源研究所项目主任LiuDaizong表示，改善北京居民的生活环境至关重要resident居民，可数名词，结合空后的inBeijing”可知，此处应用复数形式，故填residents【44题详解】考查形容词句意重新设计街道可以改变它的外观，使它更有秩序，但在这项工作完成后，车辆可能仍然占据街道空处应填形容词作宾补，orderly整齐的，有秩序的，形容词故填rdcrly【45题详解】考查动词不定式句意“处理这一问题的方法是从一开始就通过明确其功能来保持街道的秩序”Liu说此处应填动词不定式作表语，说明主语的具体内容故填tokeep第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）
46.假定你是校英语俱乐部负责人李华，俱乐部将于下周二播放题为“RoleModelsAroundUs”的英语纪录片，请你写封邮件告知交换生Stephen并邀请他到时观看内容包括
1.纪录片介绍；
2.播出时间及地点注意
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答Dear Stephen,Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Stephen,ImwritingtoinviteyoutowatchadocumentarynamedRoleModelsAroundUs,whichwillbeshownintheCityLibraryfrom9a.m.to11a.m.thisSunday.Its saidthat this documentary is in Chinese,with English subtitles.Moreover,the rolemodels inChina willbe talkedaboutin（he documentary,as wellas theimportant rolethey playas anational heroes.Im surethat thisdocumentary willcontributealotto yourunderstanding ofChineserolemodels.Looking fbruard toyour reply.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文假定你是校英语俱乐部负责人李华，俱乐部将于下周二播放题为“Role ModelsAroundUsw的英语纪录片，请你写封邮件告知交换生Stephen并邀请他到时观看【详解】I.词汇积累此外moreover-*besides展示show-^display有助于contributeto-*beconducive to重要的important-*essential
2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句Its saidthatthisdocumentaryis inChinese,withEnglish subtitles.拓展句Its saidthatthis documenlaryisinChinesewhich hasEnglishsubtitles.【点睛】[高分句型l]rmwritingtoinviteyoutowatchadocumentarynamedRoleModelsAroundUs,whichwillbeshownintheCity Libraryfrom9a.m.to11a.m.this Sunday.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）[高分句型2]ImsurethatthisdocumentarywillcontributealottoyourunderstandingofChineserolemodels.（运用了that引导宾语从句）第二节读后续写（满分25分）
47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文Ben racedout ofschool.Christmas holidays!When hegot homehe wentto checkon hispony,Scout.He slippedhim acandy,andScoutnuzzled（用II鼻轻擦）hisshoulder.BenstartedtowardthehouseandfoundhisolderbrotherJackstartingthesnowmobile（雪地机动车）to delivergas toUncle Mike.Ben jumpedontheback andjoined him.They setof slowly.The snowwasfresh anddeep ontheremote mountainpath.When theyarrived,Jack wentover withthegascan.Benlookedupthemountainandsawsomethingmoving.Hegotbinoculars（望远镜）andsawtwoanimals.CoulditbeahorseJackclimbedbackonthesnowmobileandaskedBentoleave.WhenBentoldJackhesawhorsesupinthesnowytrees,Jack didntbelieveit.Ben lookedback upthemountain,buthe couldn*t seeanything.AtdinnerBentoldhisfatherhesawtwohorsesuponthemountaintoday.uIftheyarehorses,theymustbetrappedbyallthissnow.said hisdad.If theyretrapped,we havetodosomething,1said Ben,his voicerising.HisdadlookedatJack.nWcll,inthemorninggoandtakealook.Takethegunandsomehay（干草）.Iftheylookasiftheycansurvive,givethemthehay.Ifnot…Jacklookedserious,andslowlynodded.Benknewwhatthegunwasfbr,andhischest wentcold.Inthemorning,theysetoftinthecoldsnow.WhentheygottotheplacewhereBenhadseenthehorses,theystoppedandlooked upusingbinoculars.No horses.They waitedfbrafew minutes.Iseethem.Theyrehorses.Letstakethesnowmobileupthere.Bensuddenlyexclaimed.Theydrovethesnowmobileinthedeepsnowandfinallyreachedtheplace.HOhno!saidBenTheyrestarving!*Oneofthehorseshadlostalotofhair,andtheirtailswere almostgone.Theireyes werelifeless andtired.Paragraph1:Jack walkedaround thehorses.Paragraph2:Thetwo brotherswent fromdoortodoor askingeveryoneto comeand help.
9.What isthedisagreement aboutA.Howto increasesales.B.Whatto dowiththeincreasing staff.听第8段材料，回答第10至第12小题C.Whethertofireorincreasesomeemployees.
10.WhatwillthewomanA.Go toChicago.B.Pick uptheman.C.Watch agame.doon Saturday
11.Whydoes themansuggest arrivingan hourearlyA.To getagood seat.B.Toget freetickets.C.To lookaround.
12.Whatcan wclearnfrom theconversationA.Theman isafootball fan.B.Thewoman isa footballplayer.C.Tickets arecheaper fbrstudents.听第9段材料，回答第13至第16小题
13.Whydid Adamgo to bed lateA.His sonfeltsick.B.Hecouldnt fallasleep.C.Hewas repairinghiscomputer.
14.Whendid Adamsson returnto bedA.At400a.m.B.At600a.m.C.At645a.m.
15.Whydid Adamborrow moneyA.To getabus ticket.B.Torefill hiscar.C.To buylunch.
16.Whatdoes thewomansuggest AdamdoA.Go homeatonce.B.Takegood careofhis son.C.Watch TVfbrrelaxation.听第10段材料，回答第17至第20小题
17.Howlong shouldpeopleput theirburnthand inrunningwaterA.About lOminutes.B.About12minutes.C.About20minutes.
18.Whatshould peopleavoiddoingif gettinga feverA.By openingthewindow.B.By keepingwarm.C.By takingabath.
19.Whatshould peopledotodeal withbackachesA.Keep movinggently.B.Liftsome heavyboxes.C.Go tobedand rest.
20.Whatis speakermainlydiscussingA.Situationscalling fbrfirst aid.B.Mistakes indealingwith injuries.C.Simpletreatment forsomesituations.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该涂黑【答案】Paragraph1:Jackwalkedaroundthehorses.Jacksighedandpickedupthegun,pointingtothepoordyinghorse.Onehorseturnedandlookedathimandmadeasoftlittlenoise.uWeshouldtry,”pleadedBen.Hewalkedaroundthehorsesagain,pattingontheneckofthebigbrownone,whichmadeasad,smallgroaningsound.Benquicklygotthehayoffthebackofthesnowmobileand spreadit aroundin piles.The horsesatehungrily,and Benpouredwater intoapail forthem.With onemorepat toeach horse,Jack andBen climbedon thesnowmobile anddrove backdown themountain asquickly asthey couldtoreporttheirnews.Paragraph2:Thetwobrotherswentfromdoortodooraskingeveryonetocomeandhelp.Theywentfromthehardware store to thegas station,where theyput noticesup askingfbr help.Then theytook thesnowmobile backup themountainwithmorehayandwaterandsomewarmblankets.Thehorsesseemedhappytoseethem.Theyworkedfbrhoursbutonlymadeasmalldentinthesnow.uThisishopeless/*saidJack.Heleaned onhisshovelandwipedhisdrippingnose.Letsgohome.Nooneisgoingtohelp.”“Wecantgiveup,“saidBen.Buthisfingerswerefrozen,andhisnosefeltnumb.Suddenly,a groupof snowmobilcrsarrived withshovels andhot chocolate.They hadfollowed Benand Jackstracks upthe trail.Theytried everythingthey couldtohelpthe horseto standup.With theeffort ofeveryone around,the horsesfinally struggledtotheirfeet.Unity isstrength.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Ben和Jack发现了雪山上被困住的两匹马，并且想尽办法解救它们的故事【详解】
1.段落续写
①由第一段首句“杰克绕着马走”可知，第一段可描写Jack和Ben来到山上观察马的情况，以及解救马时的困难
②由第二段首句“他们挨家挨户地请求人们过来帮忙”，第二段可描写Jack和Ben找到帮手后解救了马的情节
2.词汇激活行为类
①恳求plcad/pray fbr/beg
②展开spread/extend
③擦拭wipe/eliminate情绪类
①伤心的sad/gloomy
②开心的happy/delighted
③饥饿地hungrily/eagerly【点睛】[高分句型1]Hewalked aroundthehorses again,patting ontheneckofthebigbrown one,which madeasad,small groaningsound,（which引导的非限制性定语从句）[高分句型2]They wentfrom thehardwarestoretothegas station,where theyputnotices upaskingfbr help.（where引导的非限制性定语从句）ASTEM SummerProgramsfbrHigh SchoolStudentsSTEMisatermthatstandsfbrscience,technology,engineering,andmathematics.HereisalistofsomeofthebestSTEMsummercamps fbrhigh schoolstudents.FutureMatters ProgramItis an8-week paidsummer researchexperience fbrhigh schoolstudents.This isa hands-on programfbr studentsinterestedingoingafteracareerinmedicalresearch.Studentswillattendseminarsledbyfacultyandparticipateindiscussionswith peers.Simons SummerResearchItisaseven-weekprogramlocatedatStonyBrookUniversity.Studentswillhavetheopportunitytoparticipateinspecialworkshops,tours andevents freeof charge.They willconclude theprogram bproducing awritten researchabstract andresearchposter.Research ScienceInstituteItisthefirstcost-ireesummerprogramofitskind.Duringthissix-weekprogram,studentswilldivedeeperintotheworldof scienceand engineeringby experiencingthe entireresearch cycle.In thisprogram studentsattend classesconducted byfamousprofessors andprepare writtenand oralpresentationstopresent theirresearch.Program inMathfor YoungScientistsThisprogram isa six-week intensivemathematics programdesigned fbrstudents acrossthe globe.Unlike commonprograms,itoffersagreatdealofindependencefbrstudentstochoosetheirownschedulesanddecidewhattheywanttostudy.Besideslearning,thereisalso4tmandatory（强制的）funtime”builtintotheweeklyschedulesothatstudentsareabletohavenon-math relatedactivities.
1.Whichprogram bestsuits studentswhowanttobedoctorsA.Future MattersProgram.B.SimonsSummerResearch.C.Research ScienceInstitute.D.Program inMathfbr YoungScientists.
2.What doSimons SummerResearch andResearch ScienceInstitutehavein commonA.Expense.B.Thcmc.C.Duration.D.Content.
3.Whals specialin Program inMath fbrYoungScientistsA.Cultivating independentskills.B.Attending non-math activities.C.Tailoring personalschedules.D.Enrolling internationalstudents.【答案】
1.A2,A
3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了一些适合高中生的STEM夏令营【1题详解】细节理解题根据FutureMattersProgram部分中“Thisisahands-onprogramforstudentsinterestedingoingafteracareerinmedicalresearch.（这是一个为有兴趣从事医学研究的学生提供的实践性课程）”可知，该项目适合想要成为医生的学生故选A【2题详解】理解理解题根据SimonsSummerResearch部分中uStudentswillhavetheopportunitytoparticipateinspecialworkshops,toursandeventsfreeofcharge.（学生将有机会免费参加特别的研讨会、参观和活动）”和ResearchScienceInstitute部分中“Itisthefirstcost-freesummerprogramofitskind.（这是首个此类免费暑期课程）”可知，这两个项目的共同点是都免费故选A【3题详解】细节理解题根据PrograminMathfor YoungScientists部分中“Unlikecommon programs,itoffers agreatdeal ofindependenceforstudentstochoosetheirownschedulesanddecidewhattheywanttostudy.（与普通课程不同的是，它为学生提供了很大的独立性，可以选择自己的时间表并决定他们想学什么）”可知，该项目的特殊之处在于它允许定制个人的时间表故选CBDeafblind artistTony Giordanoled anadventurous life,traveling andplaying sports,before completelylosing hissightand hearingin
2018.“I wasinto everything.I lovedadventures.the Brooklynnative saidduring aNewsday interviewonTuesday.Afterlearningtocommunicateusingsignlanguage,Giordanowonderedwhattodonextafterhissightandhearinglosses.While reinventinghis life,Giordano saidgetting intoart wasnot somethingthat crossedhis mindat first.But aftertaking acreativearts classat theNorth Shorefacility,Giordano beganto discoverhe enjoyedit.Drawing onhis nearly30years ofexperienceasanautomechanic,hiswelding（焊接）skillsandvariousburstsofinspiration,Giordanobeganpouringhimselfinto whatsbecome hisspecialty—designing metalsculptures.Morethan ayear later,Giordano nowisgettingrecognition fbrhisart pieces.In December,Giordano madehisfirst saleofasculpture,alarger-than-life handmadeofcopper pipesand titled“ILove You“to artistandcollector JenniferContinifbr$1,
000.While proudof sellinghis firstart piece,Giordano—who alsorepairs bicyclesatabike repairshop inSt.James—admitted itmadehim abitsad.“His workethic is really incredible,said AntoniaIsnardi,Giordanos artteacher,t4Leaming sculptureisreallytough,requiring enonnousattention andpatience.He couldeasily sayI lostmy vision.I cantdo this,but hekeeps fighting.Heperseveres ineverything andis willingto try somethingnewto improveinanyway.”GiordanowillleavethePortWashingtoncenterthisyearandreturntohishomeintheSouth.Buthesaidheconsidersarthis nextadventureand hopeshissculptures willbeaway tospread apositivemessageaboutthecapabilitiesof thedcafblindcommunity.
4.Whatinspired Giordanotogo intoartA.Artisticinspiration.B.Ateachers encouragement.C.Acreativeart class.D.Previous workingexperience.
5.Whats mainlydiscussedin Paragraph4about GiordanoA.Frustrations inhislife.B.Difficulties forhimin sculpturing.C.His strongwillin learning.D.The artteachers remarksonhim.
6.Which ofthefollowingbest describesGiordanoA.Wealthy andhoncst.B.Creative anddetermined.C.Grateful andgenerous.D.Adventurous andhumorous.
7.Where isthetextprobablytaken fromA.An arttextbook.B.Alocal newspaper.C.Atravel brochureD.A literaturereview.【答案】
4.C
5.C
6.B
7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章主要介绍了聋哑艺术家Tony Giordano的故事【4题详解】细节理解题根据第二段中“ButaftertakingacreativeartsclassattheNorthShorefacility,Giordanobegantodiscoverheenjoyed it.在北岸的设施上了一门创意艺术课程后,Giordano开始发现他喜欢它”可知,Giordano是在上完一门创意艺术课程后有了投身艺术的想法故选C.【5题详解】主:旨大意题根据第四段内容，结合本段中”His workethicis reallyincredible,“said AntoniaIsnardi,Giordanos artteacher.Learningsculptureisreallytough,requiringenormousattentionandpatience.HecouldeasilysayUlostmyvision.Icant dothis\but hekeepsfighting.Heperseveres ineverything andis willingtotry somethingnewto improveinanyway.“他的职业道德真的令人难以置信，”佐丹奴的美术老师安东尼娅•伊斯纳迪Anlonialsnardi说“学习雕塑真的很难，需要极大的注意力和耐心他可以轻易地说‘我失去了视力.我不能这样做，但他继续战斗.他对每件事都坚持不懈，愿意尝试新事物以提高自己可推断，本段主要是讨论Giordano在学习方面的坚强意志故选C【6题详解】推理判断题根据全文内容，结合第二段中A仕erlearningtocommunicateusingsignlanguage,Giordanowonderedwhattodonextafterhissightandhearinglosses.（一年多过去f,Giordano的艺术作品得到了认可）”以及第四段中ubuthekeeps fighting.Heperseveres ineverything andis willingtotrysomethingnew toimproveinanyway（但他继续战斗他对每件事都坚持不懈，愿意尝试新事物以提高自己）”可知，Giordan很有创意且对事情坚定不移，故选B【7题详解】推理判断题根据全文内容，结合第一段中M...theBrooklynnativesaidduringaNewsdayintennewonTuesdays……这位布鲁克林木地人在周二接受《新闻日报》采访时说）”可知，文章是新闻报道，可能出自当地报纸故选BCBirds that dive underwater—such aspenguins,gannets andpelicans—may bemore likelytogoextinct than theirnondiving relatives,anewstudy reportedinProceedings oftheRoyalSociety finds.Many waterbirdshave evolvedhighly specializedbodies andbehaviors thatfacilitate diving.Now,an analysisof theevolutionaryhistory ofmorethan700waterbird speciesshows thatonce abird groupgains theability todive,the changeisirreversible,which couldhelp explainwhy divingbirdshave ahigher extinctionrate comparedwith nondivingbirds.“There areconsiderable morphological形态学的）adaptations fbrdiving.says CatherineSheard,an evolutionarybiologistattheUniversity ofBristol inEngland.For instance,gannets andsome pelicansthat diveinto thewater fromthe airhavetwists tothe neckmuscles andthe bonesinthechest.Its possiblethat somediving birdsare evolvingunder anevolutionary“ratchet,“where adaptationsto usea certainfood sourceor habitatencourage specializedevolution.These birdsmaybecome trappedin theirways,increasing theirriskofextinction.EvolutionarybiologistsJoshTylerandJaneYoungerinvestigatedtheevolutionofdivinginacollectionof727waterbirdspecies across11bird groups.They exploredthe linkbetweendiving andthedevelopmentofnew species,or theirextinction,invariousbirdlineages（家族）.Among236divingbirdspecies,75,or32percent,werepartoflineagesthatarcexperiencing
0.02more speciesextinctions per million years thanthegeneration ofnew species.Bird lineagesthat dontdive,on theotherhand,generated
0.1more newspeciesper millionyears thantherate ofspeciesdying out.“The morespecialized youbecome,the morereliant youare ona particulardiet,fbraging（觅食）strategy orenvironment.says Tyler.The rangeofenvironments availablefbrfbraging ismuch largerfbr thenondivingbirdsthan fbrthespecialist divers,and thismay play intotheirabilityto adapt andthrive.”
8.What doestheunderlined word^irreversible inparagraph2probably meanA.Unexpected.B.Unchangeable.C.Unreal.D.Unwelcome.
9.Whyare“gannets andpelicans“mentioned inParagraph3A.Topresent afact.B.To illustrateaconcept.C.Togive adefinition.D.To explainaphenomenon.
10.What doweknowaboutJoshTyler andJaneYoungers studyA.Biologists gottheresults bycomparison.B.Data werecollected byobsening waterbirds.C.32diving birdspecieswent extinctduring theprocess.D.The aimisto buildconnection betweendiving andnondivingbirds.
11.Whichof thefollowingfactors playsarole innondivingbirds lowerextinctionrateA.Widerhabitat range.B.Quicker foragingspeed.C.Morefood options.D.Stronger reproductionability.【答案】
8.B
9.A
10.All.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一项新研究发现，在水下潜水的鸟类可能比不潜水的鸟类更容易灭绝【8题详解】词义猜测题结合语境及画线词后“whichcould helpexplainwhydivingbirdshaveahigherextinctionratecompared withnondivingbirds（这可能有助于解释为什么潜水鸟比非潜水鸟有更高的灭绝率）”可知，潜水鸟比非潜水鸟有更高的灭绝率，是因为潜水鸟一旦获得了潜水能力，这种变化是不可逆转的，irreversible意为“不可逆转的故选B【9题详解】推理判断题第三段苜句There areconsiderable morphological（形态学的）adaptations fordiving.（潜水有相当大的形态学适应）”提到潜水有相当大的形态学适应，接着下文“For instance,gannets andsome pelicansthatdiveinto thewaterfromtheairhavetwiststotheneckmusclesandthebonesinthechest.（例如，塘鹅和一些将鹏从空中跳入水中时，颈部肌肉和胸部骨骼都有扭曲）”提到塘鹅和一些将鹏从空中跳入水中时，颈部肌肉和胸部骨骼都有扭曲，是呈现一个事实证明上述观点故选A【10题详解】推理判断题根据第四段中“Theyexploredthelinkbetweendivingandthedevelopmentofnewspecies,ortheirextinction,invariousbirdlineages（家族）.Among236divingbirdspecies,75,or32percent,werepartoflineagesthatareexperiencing
0.02more speciesextinctionsper millionyears thanthegenerationofnew species.Bird lineagesthat dontdive,ontheotherhand,generated
0.1more newspeciespermillionyearsthantherate ofspeciesdying out.（他们在不同的鸟类谱系中探索了潜水与新物种发展或灭绝之间的联系在236种潜水鸟中，有75种（32%）是每百万年灭绝的物种数量比新物种数量多种的世系另一方面，不潜水的鸟类谱系每百万年产生的新物种比物种灭绝的速度多个）”可知，生物学家是通过比较潜水鸟和非潜水鸟与新物种发展或灭绝之间的联系而得出研究结果的故选A【11题详解】细节理解题根据最后一段中“Therangeofenvironmentsavailablefbrforaging ismuchlargerforthenondivingbirdsthanforthe specialistdivers,and thismayplay into theirability toadaptandthrive.（对于不潜水的鸟类来说，觅食环境的范围比专业潜水员大得多，这可能有助于它们适应和茁壮成长的能力）”可知，不潜水的鸟类觅食环境更广泛，这有助于它们适应和茁壮成长的能力，因此更不容易灭绝故选ADAround theworldrivers seemtoberaging.While catastrophicflooding ofPakistansrivers hasleft tensofmillions withouthomes,a droughtunseen fbr500years hassqueezed Europesmajor waterwaysalmost dry.There islittledisagreementaboutwhatsgoingon:climatechangeiscausingbothrainfallanddroughtstointensify.Thequestionnowishowto managethose climate-changed waterwaysand,specifically,what roledams shouldplayinmitigating（缓和）against thekindsofdisasters.Advocates saywater storagedams willbecome moreessential asbuffers（缓7中物）against extremewater flowsbyabsorbing waterduring floodingand releasingit intimes ofdrought.Dams,they say,can helpcombat climatechange byproducingrenewable hydropower（水力发电）that iscleanerthan fossilfiiel energy.However,criticismshavelongcenteredonthenegativeimpactmostdamshaveonbiodiversityandriverecosystems.Notonly dothe vastamounts ofconcrete usedto buildlarge dams leave huge carbon footprints,there is also muchevidence thatgreenhousegas emissionsfrom damsare oftenfar greaterthan previously thought.Increasingly ascientific caseisalsobeingmade thatdams actuallyworsen bothfloods anddroughts.Now,more damdevelopers areturning to“run-oRriver“technology,in whichthe riverswater flowscontinuouslythrough ahydropower stationwithout aresenoir tostore it.Such projectsare generallyconsidered moreenvironmentallyfriendly,but theydonot allowfbrwatertobemanaged accordingto weatherconditions.Then thereare thosewho saywc shouldstay awayfrom dams,and lookfbr waysusing nature-based solutions.Manyecologistssaythatprotectingwetlands,fbrexample,shouldbeapriority,sincethoseecosystemsactasnaturalsponges（海绵）fbr floodwaterswithin ariver basin.44We haveturned riverbasins intoeconomic machinesthat onlyserve peopleand notnature,and thiscreates moreproblems,like droughtsand flooding,n saysHeiman Wanningen,the founderof theadvocacygroupDam RemovalEurope,We haveto learnto cooperatewithnature andnot againstit anymore.^^
12.Whydocritics opposetheconstructionofdamsA.It mayproduce oppositeeffect.B.It destroyslocal ecosystem.C.It needsalarge amountofconcrete.D.It givesoff harmfulgases.
13.What canwesayabout the“turn-to-river”projectsA.Economical.B.Inflexible.C.Fruitless.D.Popular.
14.What canweinfer fromthelast paragraphA.Dams havelong losttheirfunction asbuffers.B.Protecting wetlandisa once-and-fbr-all solution.C.Flooding anddroughts canhelp promoteeconomy.D.The startingpointofour solutionshouldservenature.
15.What,s thebesttitlefbr thetextA.Building MoreDams:AWayOutB.Disaster Relief:Workingwith Nature.C.Dams,Traditional Role:Pros andCons.D.Worsening ClimateChange:Take Action!【答案】12,AI
3.B
14.DI
5.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，气候变化正在导致降雨和干旱加剧，文章主要讨论建造大坝是否是解决这类灾害的出路【12题详解】细节理解题根据第三段中However,criticismshavelongcenteredonthenegativeimpactmostdamshaveonbiodiversityand riverecosystems.Not onlydothevast amountsofconcrete usedto buildlargedamsleavehugecarbonfootprints,thereisalso muchevidencethat greenhousegas emissionsfrom damsare oftenfar greaterthanpreviouslythought.Increasingly ascientificcaseisalsobeingmadethatdamsactuallyworsenbothfloodsand droughts.（然而，长期以来，批评都集中在大多数大坝对生物多样性和河流生态系统的负面影响上建造大型水坝所用的大量混凝土不仅会留下巨大的碳足迹，而且有大量证据表明，大坝排放的温室气体往往远远超过人们之前的想象越来越多的科学案例表明，大坝实际上会加剧洪水和干旱）”可知，批评者反对建造大坝是因为它可能会产生相反的效果故选A【13题详解】推理判断题根据第四段中“Such projectsarc generallyconsidered moreenvironmentally friendly,but theydo。
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