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高二英语暑假精品课(人教版2019选择性必修1)名词性从句之主语从句%学目目标彳
1.了解主语从句的概念和用法
2.可以根据本节课的内容来完成一些习题|[函基础知识]miiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii关于各种从句,有一个浅显易懂的规律它在句子里面是什么成分,就是什么从句比如我有一只可爱的狗I havea doethat is very cute.▼定语从句作定语的从句主语谓语宾语定语从句(句中做定语,限定修饰前面的名词dog)▼宾语从句作宾语的从句,放在动词或介词后面I thinkthe doqisver、cute.我觉得这个狗•战艮可爱主语谓语宾语从句(句中做think的宾语)▼状语从句作状语的从句I boughta(1嗅because it§ver、cute..我买了一只狗因为它很可爱主语谓语宾语状语语从句(句中做状语,表原因)那么,主语从句是聪明的人都能看出来一^作主语的呗主语从句结构及用法在句子中担当主语的从句就叫做主语从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾通常结构为“引导词+主语+谓语+其他成分“一.概念在句子中担当主语的从句就叫做主语从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾主语从句使用陈述语序,其通常结构为“引导词+主语+谓语+其他成分”,但当连接代词同时充当从句主语时,其结构为“连接代词+谓语+其他成分二.引导词引导主语从句的词有连词that,whether,if;连接代词what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whomever,whose,which,whichever;连接副词when,whenever,where,wherever,how,however,why
1.连词that,whether,if引导的主语从句that在主语从句中不作成分,没有意思,不能省略;whether和if虽不作句子的成分,但有“是否”的意思,且if引导的主语从句不能位于句首That she is stillalive isa consolation.她还活着是使人感到宽慰的That shebecame anartist mayhave beendue toher fathersinfluence.她成为画家可能是受她父亲的影响Whether it will dous harmremains tobe seen.是否对我们有害还要看一看Whether theywould supportus was a problem.他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题
2.连接代词what,whatever,who,whoever,which,whichever引导的主语从句what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whomever,whose,which,whichever在主语从句中起代词的作用,可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语,有具体的意思且不能省略What sui*prised uswas that he passedthe drivingtest.使我们感到惊奇的是他通过了驾驶考试Whatever Ihave isyours.我所拥有的一切都是你的Who willgo is not important.谁将去是不重要的Whoever ishere getsa prize.不管谁来,都能获奖Which teamwill win the matchis stillunknown.哪个队将赢得比赛还不知道Whichever youchoose isOK.不论你选哪一个都行
3.连接副词when,whenever,where,wherever,how,however,why弓|导的主语从句when,whenever,where,wherever,how,however,why在主语从句中起副词的作用,作状语,有具体的意思且不能省略When wearrive doesnt matter.什么时候到没有关系Whenever you come isOK.你无论何时来都行Where Ispend mysummer isno businessof yours.我在哪里过暑假不关你的事Wherever shewants togo isnot allowed.无论她想要去哪儿都是不被允许的How itwas donewasamystery.这是怎样做的是一个谜However lateyoucomedoesnt matter,无论你来的有多晚都没关系Why hedid itwasnt quiteclear.他为什么做那件事是不清楚的4,用it作形式主语的主语从句如果主语从句太长,为了避免句子结构头重脚轻,我们可以用it作形式主语,而把主语从句放在主句谓语部分之后常见的结构有
①It+is+形容词+that…,常见的形容词有known,clear,necessary,likely,unlikely,right,wrong,important,certain,obvious,strange,natural等That theearth turnsaround thesun isknown tous all.一It isknown tous allthat theearth turnsaround thesun.地球绕着太阳转这一点是众所周知的Whether he will comeor notisnotclear.—It isnot dearwhether/if hewill comeor not.他是否要来还不清楚
②It+is+名词+that…,常见的名词有apity,ashame,afact,anhonour,amystery,awonder,no wonder,good news,common knowledge等It isa pitythat hedidnt passthe exam.他没有通过考试真遗憾It isa wonderthat hesurvived thecrash.他从坠机事件中幸存下来真是个奇迹It isno wonderthat hehas achievedso muchsuccess.难怪他取得如此大的成功
③It+is+动词过去分词+that…,常见的过去分词有said,believed,reported,pointed out,hoped,thought,decided,ordered等It issaid thathe isa famouswriter.据说他是位著名的作家It isreported thatthere willbe astorm thisafternoon.据报道今天下午有暴风雨
④It+特殊动词+that…,常见的特殊动词有seem,appear,happen,matter,turn out,occurto,make adifference等It seemsthat itis goingto rain.天看起来要下雨了It happenedthat Ididnt takeany moneywith me.碰巧我身上没带钱It occurredto me that Ididnt closethe window.我突然想起我没有关窗户
⑤It+使令性动词+sb.+that...,常见的动词有worry,shock,surprise,satisfy,upset等It upsethim alot thathe wasfired.他被解雇了使他很难过It surprisedmethatshe broughtup threechildren onher own.她独自抚养三个孩子使我感到吃惊主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况首先我们大家都明白在复合句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句简单把它理解成名词,但形式是一个句子那主语从句就是在句中作主语,主语从句的位置与陈述句中主语位置相同的1if引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首It isuncertain ifhewillleave forBeijing tomorrow.2It issaid,reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前例如It issaid thatPresident Jingowill visit our school next week,rightThat PresidentJiang willvisitourschoolnextweek issaid,wrong⑶It happens...,Itoccurs...结构中的主语从句不可提前例如It occurredto himthathe failed intheexamination,right Thathefailedintheexamination occurredto him.wrong4It doesntmatter how/whether…结构中的主语从句不可提前例如:It doesntmatter whetherheis wrong or not.rightWhether heiswrongornotdoesntmatter.wrong5含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时,主语从句不可提前例如Is itlikely thatitwillrain inthe eveningrightIsthatwillraininthe eveninglikely wrong注Whal引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语.宾语.表语,而that则不然例如:1What yousaid yesterdayis right.2That sheis stillalive isa consolation.。