高中英语阅读理解技巧点拨根据上下文推断语篇中的隐含意义-观点态度题

高中英语阅读理解技巧点拨根据上下文推断语篇中的隐含意义——观点态度题无论是何种类型的语篇，作者在写作时，往往会对语篇的主要话题、或某个话题发表自己的观点，阐释自己的态度有时候，语篇中的人物也会对具体的话题发表观点对作者或语篇中的人物就某个话题发表的观点和持有的态度进行推断是高考英语经常考查的技能之一本期我们结合高考真题，就如何解答观点态度题进行相关技巧的点拨常用的解题技巧有

1.找出作者或语篇中的人物表达观点时所使用的具有感情色彩的词或短语，根据这些词语的褒贬含义进行推断；

2.根据作者或语篇中的人物在语篇中就某话题讨论时，所举的例子，推断其弦外之音；通过概括全文主旨，推断作者的观点和态度

3.例（年月高考英语天津卷篇，保留原题号，下同）120207BThey tellme thatyoud liketo makea statue（塑像）of me—is thatcorrect,Miss VinnieReamThe deep,gentle voicehelped calmthe nervousgirl.Asking afavor of thePresident ofthe UnitedStates wasno casualmatter,especially for aseventeen-year-old girl.Yes,sir,she replied,her darkeyes meetinghis.I wouldnt havedared toask you,but myteacher,Mr.Mills,says Iam ready.I planto makeit inanadmirable manner.President Lincolnsmiled.Painters,sculptors-theyve alltried tomake thebestof thisordinary face,but Imafraid theresnot muchhope.What didyouhave inmind,Miss ReamA bust（半身像）？”Before Vinniecould sayyes,the Presidenthurried on,a shadeof apologyinhis voice.uOf course-I shouldn*thaveasked.A full-length posewould bemuchtoo big a project fora young woman your size.”■■■

42.How didPresident Lincolnfirst respondto VinniesrequestA.Pleased.B.Thrilled.C.Regretful.D.Doubtful.【分析】本文是记叙文文章介绍了岁的女孩请求给美国的林肯总统17Vinnie塑像的故事

42.本题应选D项根据第五段中林肯总统对Vinnie所说的话Of course-I shouldnthaveasked.A full-length posewould bemuch toobigaprojectforayoung可知，林肯总统认为，全身式雕像对于这种小体型的年轻womanyoursize Vinnie女性来说，无疑是太过巨大的一项工程本句中的much toobig富含感情色彩，是答题的关键信息）例（年高考英语北京卷篇■■■2:2020DSince theearly daysof Al,imagination hasoutpaced whatis possibleoreven probable.In1965,an imaginativemathematician calledIrving Goodpredictedthe eventualcreation ofan ultra-intelligent machine...that canfarsurpass all the intellectual（智力的）activitiesof anyman,however clever.M Goodwent onto suggestthat uthe first ultra-intelligentmachine“could be“the lastinvention that man need ever make.”

44.As forIrving Goodsopinion onultra-intelligent machines,the authoris.A.supportiveB.disapprovingC.fearfulD.uncertain【分析】本文是议论文文章主要就通用人工智能（AGI）进行了论述

44.本题应选B项由题干中的Irving Good和ultra-intelligent machines可将解题信息定位到第三段该段的结构为“总一一分”，首句Since theearly daysof Al,（自从人工智能出imagination hasoutpaced whatis possibleor evenprobable现之初，想象力就已经超越了实现的可能）为主题句，之后的内容是作者为说明本句内容所举的例子在该例子中，一位富有想象力的数学家Irving Good对于超智能机器有如下预言ultra-intelligent machine...that canfar surpassallthe（无论一个人有多聪明，这种超intellectual activitiesof anyman,however clever智能机器都将远远超过其智力）、“thefirstultra-intelligent machine^^could be“thelast inventionthatmanneedevermake（第一台超智能机器”可能是“人类需要制造的最后一项发明”）由此不难看出，作者认为Irving Good对超智能机器的想象力超出了实现的可能，因此并不赞成他的观点例（年高考英语全国卷篇）32020I CRacewalking sharesmany fitnessbenefits with running,research shows,while mostlikely contributing to fewer injuries.It does,however,have itsownproblem.Race walkersare conditionedathletes.The longesttrack andfield eventatthe SummerOlympics isthe50-kilometer racewalk,which isabout fivemileslonger thanthe marathon.But thesporfs rulesrequire thata race walkers knees（接stay straightthrough mostoftheleg swingand onefoot remainin contact触）with the ground atall times.Its thisstrange formthat makesrace walkingsuchan attractiveactivity,however,says JaclynNorberg,an assistantprofessorof exercisescience atSalem StateUniversity inSalem,Mass.Like running,race walkingis physicallydemanding,she says.According tomostcalculations,racewalkersmoving ata paceof sixmiles perhour wouldburn about800calories（卡路里）perhour,which isapproximately twiceasmany asthey wouldburn walking,although fewerthan running,which wouldprobablyburnabout1,000or morecalories perhour.However,race walkingdoes notpound thebody asmuch asrunning does,Dr.Norberg says.According toher research,runners hitthegroundwith asmuch as fourtimes theirbody weightper step,while racewalkers,who donotleave theground,create onlyabout

1.4times theirbody weightwith eachstep.As aresult,she says,some ofthe injuries associated withrunning,such asrunners knee,are uncommonamong racewalkers.But the sports strangeformdoes place considerable stress on the ankles and hips,so peoplewith ahistoryof suchinjuries mightwant tobe cautiousin adoptingthesport.In fact,anyonewishing totry race walking shouldprobably firstconsult acoach orexperiencedracer tolearn propertechnique,she says.It takessome practice.

31.Which wordbest describesthe authorsattitude torace walkingA.Skeptical.B.Objective.C.Tolerant.D.Conservative.【分析】本文是说明文文章介绍了竞走的益处以及进行这项运动的一些注意事项.本题应选项此题需要通读全文才能得出答案作者在首段对竞走发31B表了概括性观点进行这项运动会带来健康益处many fitnessbenefits,contributingtofewerinjuries,也有一些问题It does,however,have itsownproblem接着阅读下文可知，作者在第

二、三段就竞走的一些问题进行了解释oRace walkersare conditionedathletes,race walkingis physicallydemanding,在第四段具体讨论了其优势racewalkingdoes notpound thebody asmuchas,最后一段作者的观点交杂,既讨论了竞走相较于跑步的优势running doessomeof theinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,such asrunnersknee,are uncommon又讨论了其可能给竞走人员带来的健康隐患among racewalkers,the sporfsstrangeform doesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips）综上，我们可以推知,作者对竞走的态度是比较客观的。