同位语从句讲义-2023届高考英语二轮复习

同位语从句

一、判断名词性从句基本形式名词性从句是指在句子中充当名词功能的从句、辨析和划分名词性从句1eg•What parentssay anddo hasa life-long effecton theirchildren.•I thinkFather wouldlike toknow whatIve beenup toso far,so Idecide tosendhim aquick note.中在名词该放的位置，充当相应的成分主从、宾从、表从、名词性从句2名词的作用解释性从句同从、名词性从句各类关系词3连接代词有词义，从句不完整时使1who,whom,whose,what,which用eg•How muchone enjoyshimself travellingdepends largelyon whomhe goeswith,whether hisfriends orrelatives.•We shouldrespect foodand thinkabout thepeople whodont havewhat wehavehere andtreat foodnicely.连接副词有词义，从句完整时使用2when,where,why,how,e.g.•A goodfriend ofmine fromwhen Iwas bornshowed up at myhomeright beforeI leftfor Beijing.•-1wonder howMary haskept herfigure afterall these years.•By workingout everyday.连接词3that,whether,if,as if,because.没有词义，从句完整时使用•that有词义，从句完整时使用•whether if,as ifeg•Weve offeredher thejob,but Idont knowwhether shellaccept it.一起构成复合连接词4how+adj.How many/how mn/how soon/howfare・g.•-1wonder howoften youllwater thiskind offlower.•Every otherday.连接代词、副词，加上之后，成分不变，语义翻译表强调5evereg•The newcomerwent tothe librarythe otherday andsearched fbrwhateverhe couldfind aboutMark Twain.、定语从句和名词性从句的区别4定语从句（提问的方名词性从句（讲解式）式）定义修饰某一名词、代词充当成分主语、宾或句子语、同位语、表语常用通用引导词that人/物，充当成分不充当成分，连接作用，不可省略其他引导词（不同）whether/if定语从句The newsthat hetold meyesterday wastrue.同位语从句The newsthat ourteam haswon thegame wastrue.定语从句The questionthat heraised inclass remaineda question.同位语从句The question whether weneed ithas notbeen considered.

二、同位语从句、定义一般放在名词后面，解说明该名词的具体内容，在句子中作同1位语的从句e.g.News camefrom the school officethat wangLin hadbeen admittedtoBeing University.、句型2——般跟在名词等后，用以1news,idea,fact,promise,hope,message说明该名词所表述的内容eg.The newsthat ourwomen volleyballteam hadwon thechampionship我们女排赢得冠军的消息大大鼓舞了我们所有人encouraged usall greatly.有时同从跟名词中间被别的词隔开分隔式同位语2The thoughtcame toher thatmaybe shehad leftthe dooropen whenshe lefthome.、同位词3）表陈述1advice,announcement,argument,belief,claim,conclusion,decision,evidence,explanation,fact,feeling,hope,idea,impression,information,knowledge,message,news,opinion,order,probability,promise,proposal,remark,reply,report,saying,statement,suggestion,thought,treat,等词后面品艮弓导词warning,wish,word Ithat.eg.The generalgave theorder that the soldiersshould crossthe riversat once将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令）表疑问等词后面的引导词可用引导2problem,wonder,questionwhether一正义反用引导词用have no idea whether）特例3eg.:I have noideawhether hehas finishedthe work.反义正用引导词用no doubtthateg.:There isno doubtthat the earth isround.练习

1.The onlyway tosucceed atthe highestlevel isto havetotal beliefyouare betterthan anyoneelse onthe sportsfield.A.how B.that C.which D.whether

2.The questionwhether weshould callin aspecialist wasanswered bythefamily doctor.A.why B.which C.when D.whether

3.I madea promiseto myselfthis year,my firstyear inhighschool,would bedifferent.A.whether B.what C.that D.how

4.When thenews camethe warbroke out,he decidedto serveinthe army.A.since B.which C.that D.where

5.Modern sciencehas givenclear evidencesmoking canlead tomanydiseases.A.what B.which C.that D.where

6.The newsour athleteswon anothergold medalwas reportedinyesterdays newspaper.A.which B.whether C.what D.that、同位语从句和定语从句的区别4）词类同从前面只能是名词，且多为抽象名词1定从的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的部分或者整个主句同从The newsthat Ihave passedthe examis true.定从Our teamwon thegame,which madeus veryhappy.）同从前面的名词与同从是同等关系，而定从是修饰先行词，为从属关2系）引导词同从——连接词——不充当成分3定从——关系词——充当成分eg.同从The ideathat onecan dothe workwithout thinkingis wrong.定从The ideathat youput forwardatthe meeting iswrong.练习

1.We shouldconsider thestudents requesttheschoollibrary providesmorebookson popularscience.A.that B.when C.which D.where

2.The facthas worriedmany scientiststheearthis becomingwarmer andwarmertheseyears.A.what B.which C.that D.though

3.-Is thereany possibilityyou couldpick meupatthe airport-No problem.A.when B.that C.whether D.what

4.There isclear evidencethe mostdifficult feelingof allto interpretis bodilypain.A.what B.if C.how D.that同位语课后练习

一、单项填空

1.He gota messagefrom Mr.Johnson themanager couldnot seehimthat afternoon.A.which B.that C.what D.who

2.1reached thegate openedonto thelake.A.that B./C.where D.when

3.a terriblestorm wouldtake placein Hainan.A.Word camewhich B.Word camethatC.Word thatcameD.Words camethat

4.Is thisthe reasonhe gavefor beinglateA.why B.what C.when D.that

5.The doctoronce gavemy fatheradvice thathe anymore.A.mustnt smokeB.not smokeC.not smokingD.wouldnt smoke

6.The problemworried himfor along time.A.if to go B.to go which wayC.which waytogoD.gowhichway

7.His chiefhobby,,cost himmost ofhis salary.A.sailing aboat B.sailed aboatC.to havesailed aboat D.where tosail

8.Lucy wasborn ina smalltown inNorth America,of apoor andignorantminer.A.daughter B.whom C.the daughterD./

9.The factshe workshard iswell knownto usall.A.that B.what C.why D.which

10.The facthe wassuccessful proveshis ability.A.that B.what C.which D.why

11.The newshe waskidnapped surprisedus greatly.A.what B.that C.why D.when

12.His suggestionthemeetingbe delayedwas turneddown.A.which B.that C./D.it

13.1havenoidea hewill start.A.when B.that C.what D./

14.Ive comefrom thegovernment witha messagethe meetingwontbe heldtomorrow.A.if B.that C.whether D.which

15.The thoughthe mightfail inthe examworried him.A.when B.which C.what D.that

16.The orderthe prisonerbe setfree arrivedtoo late.A.which B.whether C.that D.what

17.The nursesare tryingtheir bestto reducethe patientsfear hewoulddie ofthe disease.A.that B.as C.of whichD.which

18.He oftenasked methe questionthe workwas worthdoing.A.whether B.where C.that D.when。