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银川一中学年度(下)高二期末考试2019/2020英语试卷(总分150分;考试时间120分钟)注意事项
1.答卷骨,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上
2.作答时,务必将答案写在答题卡上写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效
3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题分,满分分)听下面5段对话每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题每段对话仅读一遍
1.How didthe mango to the localshop duringhis holidayA.By car.B.By bike.
2.What willthe mando onSunday C.By boat.A.Meet his aunt.B.Write thediary.
3.What is the probablerelationship betweenthe speakersC.Visit Sarah.A.Colleagues.B.Classmates.
4.What doesthe manwant to see leastC.Neighbors.A.The horses.B.The tigers.
5.What arethe speakerstalking about C.The deer.A.What questionsto ask.B.When to attend the quiz.C.How toprepare for thequiz.第二节(共15小题;每小题
1.分,满分分)听下面5段对话或对比每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间每段对话或独白读两遍听第段材料,回答第、题
6676.What didthe womanthink of the filmA.Disappointing.B.Surprising.C.Encouraging.
7.What doesthe manthink thefilm failedto doA.Make theaudience laugh.B.Show Tanias acting ability.C.Include moreold actors.听第段材料,回答第、题
7898.What has the woman been doingA.Shopping online.B.Making ashopping list.C.Decorating thekitchen.
9.What didthe mansbrother breakA.A juicer.B.A mixer.C.A coffeemaker.听第段材料,回答第至题
8101210.Who willjoin thespeakersA.Peter andMaria.B.David andAllie.C.David andJennifer.
11.Where isWalterA.In London.B.In Paris.C.In NewYork.
12.What willMichael probablydo during the holidayA.Stay at home.B.Visit hisrelatives.C.Go to the desert.听第段材料,回答第至题
9131613.How longhasthe manbeensinging onstageA.For twoyears.B.For threeyears.C.For fouryears.
14.Where didthe companyknow the manA.From amusic festival.B.From atalent competition.C.From aTV program.
15.How doesthemanfeel whenhe seeshis performancevideos她匆匆从我身边走过之前,我做了我能做的——我笑了在……之前;尽管;
15.Then A.before B.though C.until直至U;D.since自从根据下文In asecond everythingchanged.She was astonished,then somewhat15___.Then her face softenedand hershoulders_________16___.I sawher takea deepbreath.可知,作者对这位陌星而后南的微笑改变了她的心情,作者能看见这蔽化三然是在这位妇女在他旁边经过之前对她微笑的,才能看见这位妇女的心情的变化故选项A【题详解】35考查动词、形容词词义辨析句意她很惊讶,然后有点困惑被吸引;困惑的;A.attracted B.confused C.cheered欢呼;吓人的根据并结合语境可知,作者和那位妇女不认识,对她笑让那位D.frightened She was astonished妇女感到惊讶和〃困惑〃,故选项B【题详解】36考查动词词义辨析句意接着,她的脸色柔和下来,肩膀也放松了放松;提高;A.relaxed B.raised C.trembled颤抖;绷紧根据可知,作者对她笑了之后,她的脸上变得柔和,肩膀放松D.tightened Then herface softened了故选项A【题详解】37考查名词词义辨析句意我继续微笑着走向我的车办公室;汽车;家;医A.office B.car C.home D.doctor生根据上文可知,作者Thinking I was goingto belate formy dentistappointment,I headedinto theparking lot.是去停车场取车的故选项B【题详解】38考查名词词义辨析句意从那时起,我开始意识到人们的表情和我自己的表情,我们表达感情的方式A.夕卜表;反应;表情;行为根据下文appearances B.reactions C.expressions D.behaviors the way we show our可知,作者开始注意人们的表情故选项feelings.C题详解】[39考查名词词义辨析句意现在,我每天都用这种意识来提醒自己,面对这个世界的时候,我可以试着微笑对待;结论;意识;成就根据上文A.treatment B.conclusion C.awareness D.achievement I became awareof可知,此处填的名词故选项peoples and my own,aware C【题详解】40考查动词词义辨析句意现在,我每天都用这种意识来提醒自己,面对这个世界的时候,我可以试着微笑告诉;展示;给;提醒这件事提醒作者,面对世界要微笑故选项A.tell B.show C.give D.remind D【点睛】第三节语法填空共10小题;每小题分,满分15分阅读下面材料,在空白处填入个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式1I41appoint as a volcanologisttwenty yearsago.The jobis excitingbut42volcanoes.dangerous.I dontmind thedanger because I helpprotect ordinarypeople fromthe volcanoes.43I dois tocollect informationfor adatabase aboutMount Kilauea,an activevolcano inHawaii.Having collectedand evaluatedthe information,I helpother scientistspredict wherelava from the volcanowill flownextand howfast.When44boil rock erupts froma volcanoand crashesback toearth,it causes45little damagethanyou mightimagine.The reasonis46no onelives nearthe top of themount,where therocks fall.However,thelava canbury everythingin47it pathunder themolten rock.Once I was luckyenough48have amuch closerlook at thevolcanothe dayafter its49erupt withtwo otherscientists.We had to wearprotective suitsthat coveredour wholebody.We madeour way50the edgeof thecrater【答案】and collectedsome lavafor laterstudy.That wasmy firstexperience.
41.was appointed
42.occasionally
43.What
44.boiling
45.less
46.that
47.its
48.to have
49.eruption
50.to/towards【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文文章主要介绍了作者作为火山学家的工作和一次近距离观察火山喷发的经历题详解】[41考查时态、语态和主谓一致句意二十年前我被任命为火山学家根据〃〃可知,应使用一twenty yearsago般过去时,和动词之间是被动关系,应使用被动语态,主语是单数,故填I appointI was appointed题详解】42考查副词句意这份工作令人激动,但是偶尔有危险空处修饰形容词应使用副词,故填dangerous,occasionallyo题详解】[43考查主语从句句意我做的事情是为关基拉韦厄火山的一个数据库收集信息、分析句子结构可知,空处引导一个主语从句,从句中缺少宾语,表示〃做的事情〃,指物,应使用引导,注意首字母需大写,故填whatWhato【题详解】44考查形容词句意当滚烫的火山岩石喷发并撞回地面时,它所造成的损失比想象中要小此处应填一个形容词作定语,修饰意为沸腾的,滚烫的〃,故填rockerupts,boiling boiling【题详解】45考查形容词比较级根据本句中的可知,此处用形容词比较级,故填than less【题详解】46考查表语从句句意原因是没有人居住在岩石下落的山顶分析句子结构可知,空处引导一个表语从句,从句不缺少成分、意义完整,应使用引导,故填that that【题详解】47考查代词句意然而,岩浆可以把它所流经的地方的一切掩埋到熔岩下面根据空后的名词可知,此path处应使用形容词性物主代词,故填its【题详解】48考查非谓语动词句意曾经在火山喷发的第二天,我有幸和其他两个科学家做了一次近距离的观察be lucky有幸做某事,是固定搭配,故填to dosth.to have题详解】[49考查名词根据空前的形容词性物主代词可知,空处应填一个名词,故填its eruption【题详解】50考查介词句意:我们走向火山口的边缘,收集了供日后研究使用的岩浆make onesway to/towards定短语,意为“走向〃,故填to/towards点睛】第三节单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)A.根据下列句中的首字母提示及句子含义填写正确的单词(答题卡上写完整单词)
51.The greenhouseeffect givesthe earthssurfacethe(平均的)temperature of15℃.(根据汉语提示完成句子)【答案】average【解析】【详解】考查形容词句意温室效应使彳!地球表面的平均气温达到了15℃空处填一个形容词作定语,修0饰空后的名词结合汉语提示可知,符合题意故填temperature,average average
52.Some poemsdescribe somethingin a way thatwill givethe readera strongimpression.Others tryto(根据首字母补全句子)c certainemotions.【答案】convey【解析】【详解】考查动词句意一些诗歌以一种能给读者留下深刻印象的方式描述事物其他的则尽力传达某种感情结合句意和首字母提示可知,动词符合题意,意为〃传达,表达〃,空前为不定式符号,所convey to以空处使用动词原形,故填convey
52.1am sendingyou someadvice I found on the Internet,which mighthelp youstop ands(根据首字母补全句子)your resolve.【答案】strengthen【解析】【详解】考查动词句意我给你一些在互联网上找到的建议,它可能会帮助你停止并坚定你的决心空处应填一个动词,结合句意和首字母提示可知,符合题意,意为〃使坚强,坚定〃,此处是strengthen helpsb.do应使用动词原形,故填sth.,strengthen(温和的)(彳艮据汉语提示
54.They predictthat anywarming will be withfew badenvironmental consequences.完成句子)【答案】mild【解析】【详解】考查形容词句意他们预言任何的变暖都将是温和的,几乎不会带来不良的环境后果根据空前的可知,空处应填一个形容词,结合汉语提示,可知符合题意,故填_be mildmild(焦虑)(根据汉语提示完成句子)
55.The wordtsunami oftenarouses andfear whenit ismentioned.【答案】anxiety【解析】【详解】考查名词句意提到〃这个单词时常常会引起焦虑和害怕空处应填一个名词作宾语,结tsunami合汉语提示可知,符合题意,为不可数名词故填anxiety anxietyB.短语填空用以下短语的正确形式填空(有四个多余选项)come about;subicribe to;let out;sppeal to;on behalf of;go up;in hugequanthics;decide on;in spileof;
56.Being afraidof snakes,she alwaysa screamwhen seeingone.
57.I wouldlike to thank MrSmith theschool forhis workasascholar;an engineerand aneducator.
58.In recentyears,the wintertemperature in this regiontends to,and oneof the main reasonswhich haveresultedin this increase isthe air pollution.
59.the cold,he jumpedinto theriver andpulled thefallen boyout of the water.
60.Many scientistsbelieve thatglobal warminghas through the burning of fossilfuels.[答案】
56.lets out
57.on behalf of
58.go up
59.In spite of
60.come about【解析】【题详解】56考查动词短语句意由于害怕蛇,看见蛇时她总是会发出尖叫结合句意可知,此处指她“发出〃尖叫声,动词短语符合题意,此处是一般现在时,主语是谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式故填let outshe,lets OUto【题详解】57考查固定短语句意我代表学校向史密斯先生表示感谢,感谢他作为学者、工程师和教育家所做的工作结合句意可知,此处指〃代表〃,符合题意,故填on behalfof onbehalfof【题详解】58考查动词短语,句意在最近几年,这个地区的冬季气温趋向于上升,导致这样的主要原因之一是空气污染的增加根据可知,空气污染的“and oneof themain reasonswhich haveresulted inthisincreaseistheairpollution”增加使气温〃上升〃,动词短语符合题意,空前是不定式符号,后接动词原形,故填g up to goup题详解】[59考查固定短语句意尽管天气寒冷,他跳进水中把落水的男孩拉上岸结合句意可知,逗号前后是让步关系,短语符合题意,表示〃尽管〃,注意句首单词的首字母需大写故填in spite of Inspiteof【题详解】60考查动词短语句意许多科学家认为,全球变暖是由于燃烧化石燃料造成的根据〃throughtheburningoffossilfuels”可知,此处指“产生,动词短语come about符合题意,本句是现在完成时故填come about第四部分写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分).假如英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文文中共有处语言错误,要6110求你在错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词增加在缺词处加一个漏字符号并在此符号下面写出该加的词O,删除把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉修改在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词注意:、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
1、只允许修改十处,多者(从第处起)不计分2nAlice,my bestfriend,devotes manyenergy toher lessons.She isalways oneof the top studentsin ourclass.She lovesmusic so much that she makesa ruleto enjoysongs inher sparetime.Alice isalways willingto helpothers,and sheoften helpsus withour lessons.Have itnot beenfor herhelp,I couldnthave madesuch aprogress.As avolunteer,she hassuccessful organizedsome voluntaryactivity.We paya visit toanursing homelast month,so wepickedup rubbishnear our school.What wedid waswarmly welcomedby all the staffin anursing home.Win honourforourschool,Alice isadmired byour classmates.【答案】l.many-much.在后力口2makes
3.Have
3.Have^Had.去掉前的4progress a玲
5.successful successfully玲
6.activity activities
7.pay fpaid
8.so-and
9.a^the玲lO.Win Winning【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文作者介绍了自己最好的朋友Alice【详解】考查形容词句意我最好的朋友,在她的功课上投入了很多精力是不可数名词,
1.Alice,energy应使用修饰,故将改为much manymuch.考查的用法句意她如此喜欢音乐,所以她把在业余时间欣赏音乐作为一个规定分析句子结构可知,2it不定式是真正宾语,应在后加作形式宾语,故在后加.考to enjoysongs inher sparetime make it makesit3查虚拟语气句意要是没有她的帮助,我就不会取得这样的进步分析句子结构可知,此处是省略的虚拟if语气,根据主句谓语部分〃可知,此处是与过去事实相反,虚拟条件句中应使用过去完成时,could/thavemade故将改为Have Had.考查零冠词是不可数名词,其前不能加不定冠词故去掉前的4progress a,progress a.考查副词句意作为一名志愿者,她成功地组织了一些志愿活动此处修饰动词应使用副词5organized,形式,故将改为successful successfullyo.考查名词复数是可数名词,根据可知,此处应使用复数形式,故将改为.6activity someactivity activities7考查时态句意我们上个月去拜访了一家疗养院,我还在学校附近捡垃圾根据时间状语可知,last month句子应使用一般过去时,故将改为pay paid.考查连词分析句子可知,两个分句之间是并列关系,应使用连词连接,故将改为8and soand.考查定冠词句意我们做的事情受到疗养院的全体人员的热烈欢迎此处特指上文提到的疗养院,应使9用定冠词故将改为the,a the.考查非谓语动词句意为我们学校赢得荣誉,同学们都佩服她句中已有谓语动词所以10Alice isadmired,动词应使用非谓语形式,且和逻辑主语之间是主谓关系,应用现在分词作状语,故将改为win winAlice WinWinningo[点睛]第二节书面表达满分25分随着人们环保意识的提高,越来越多的人选择低碳生活假设你是校英语协会主席李华,
62.low-carbon lifestyle请写一篇英语倡议书,从出行、购物、用水、用电四个方面倡议同学们选择低碳生活注意词数;左右;
1.120开头和结尾已经给出,但不计入总词数
2.参考词汇排放
3.emissionDear fellowstudents,Dear fellowstudents,lets take action right now!【答案】Dear fellowstudents,The earthis facedwith seriouspollution andenergy shortage.It istime for us tolead alow-carbon lifestyleinorder to protect the earth.I think everyone should take an active part.First of all,we shouldwalk orride ourbikes instead of takingcars orbuses to save fueland reducethe emissionofcarbon dioxide.Second,when shopping,we shouldbring ourown shoppingbags insteadof buying plastic bags,which causewhite pollution.And its importantforus tosaveelectricity wheneverpossible.Last butnot least,weshould turn off the tap after we use the running water.If we can make a small change in our wayof life,we can makea big difference to the earth!Dear fellowstudents,let s takeaction rightnow!【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文,要求考生写一封倡议书,倡议同学们选择低碳生活【详解】第一步审题体裁应用文时态根据提示,时态应为一般现在时结构总分法?总分法指把主题句作为总说,把支持句作为分说,并以这种方式安排所写内容要求表明主题L.发出倡议2交通1transportation购物2shopping用电3electricity用水4water第二步:列提纲重点词组be facedwith;in orderto;take anactive part;insteadof;turn off;make a smallchange;make abig difference;takeaction第三步连词成句
1.The earthis facedwith seriouspollution andenergy shortage.
2.It istime forustolead alow-carbon lifestylein ordertoprotecttheearth.
1.1thinkeveryoneshouldtake anactive part.
4.we shouldwalk orride ourbikes insteadof takingcars orbuses tosave fuel
5.we shouldturn offthetapafterweusetherunningwater.
6.If wecanmakeasmallchange inour wayof life,wecanmakeabigdifferencetotheearth!
7.let/stakeactionrightnow!根据提示及关键词组进行遣词造句,注意主谓一致和时态问题第四步连句成篇衔接词.表文章结构顺序:1First of all,Firstly/First,Secondly/Second...And then,Finally,In the end,At last•表并列补充关系:2What ismore,Besides,Moreover,Furthermore,In additionAs wellas,not only...but also,including,.表转折对比关系从句,3However,On thecontrary,but,Although+clause Inspiteof+n/doing,On theonehand...,On theother hand...Some...,while others...,as for,so...that...,表因果关系4Because,As,So,Thus,Therefore,As aresult连句成文,注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡,书写一定要规范清晰第五步润色修改【点睛】范文内容完整,要点全面,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当,上下文意思连贯,符合逻辑关系作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句,如Second,when shopping,we shouldbring ourown shoppingbags insteadof.这句话运用了引导的非限制性定语从句;也使用了一些buyingplasticbags,which causewhite pollutionwhich固定词组,如等全文中没有中国式英语be facedwith;takeanactivepart;turnoff的句式,显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力另外,文章思路清晰、层次分明,上下句转换自然,为文章增色添彩A.Proud.B.Nervous.C.Embarrassed.
16.What doesthemanfind itdifficult todoA.Travel alone.B.Leave hismother.C.Talk tostrangers.听第段材料,回答第至题
10172017.How muchisafamily ticketif itsbought aheadof timeA.£
35.B.£
40.C.£
48.
18.Which filmis unavailable toseeat themuseum nowA.The Stars.B.Long Journey.C.On theMoon.
19.What canvisitors doin theBlue RoomA.Attend alecture.B.See amodel spaceship.C.Learn about the universeonline.2O.When doesthe cafestop servingsnacksA.At2pm.B.At4pm.C.At5pm.第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项ATENEUMFINNISH NATIONALGALLERYHelene SchjerfbeckThe exhibition describeshow Helenebecame Helene,and howa talentedstudent grewinto oneof themostinfluential artistsinourhistory.The exhibitionfocuses specificallyon Helenesyears oftravel,during whichshe stayedinParis,Pont-Aven innorthern France,Fiesole inItaly,and StIves inEngland at theendof the19thcentury.Natalia Goncharova(先锋派)Natalia Goncharovais knownasacentral figurein Russianavant-garde art.The exhibitionoffers acomprehensive view of the artistswork from the firstfour decades of the20th century.The exhibitioncontinues thework done by the Ateneum in appreciating women artists,examples ofwhich arethe Alice Neel exhibition,held in thesummer of2016,and exhibitionsby femaleFinnish artists.Inspiration—Contemporary ArtClassicsHow haveinternational contemporaryartists beeninspired by the classicsof Europeanart Andwhy isit theseworks,in particular,that havebecome knownaround the world”Inspiration presentsart thatdraws inspirationfrom masterpieces,created by todays mostinteresting contemporaryartists.In theexhibition,the originalworks arereferencedthroughreplicas(复制品),prints,plastercasts(石膏模型)and soon.Magnus EnckellThe painter Magnus Enckell is known especially asa representative of Finnish symbolism.EnckelKs bestknownworks includeThe Awakeningand TheFaun,which arepart of the Ateneumcollection.The Ateneumexhibitionrepresents thefirst comprehensiveshow of all of the artistsworks.
1.What canwe knowabout theexhibition lastingless than3monthsA.It presentsworks bya femaleartist.B.It isbeing heldforthesecond time.C.It focuseson talentedstudents works.D.It showsall theworks housedin theAteneum.
2.What isspecial aboutthe exhibitsof“InspirationA.They arehighly uniqueand original.B.They areworld-famous andinvaluable.C.They arenew interpretationsof theclassics.D.They aremainly createdby Europeanartists.
3.Who wasa Finnish symbolist painterA.Helene Schjerfbeck.B.Natalia Goncharova.C.AliceNeel.D.Magnus Enckell.【答案】l.A
2.C
3.D【解析】这是一篇应用文文章主要介绍了芬兰国家艺术馆的四场展览【题详解】1细节理解题根据第二个展览的时间可知,是时间不到个“
2020.
2.27-
2020.
5.17”Natalia Goncharova3月的展览,根据第二段中“The exhibitionoffers acomprehensiveviewof theartist swork fromthefirst fourdecadesofthe20th century.Theexhibitioncontinues theworkdonebytheAteneumin(展览全面展示了这位艺术家世纪前四十年的作品展览延续了appreciatingwomenartists,20Ateneum在欣赏女性艺术家方面所做的工作)”可知,展出的是一位女性艺术家的作品故选Natalia Goncharovao A项【题详解】2推理判断题根据第三段中vInspiration presentsart thatdraws inspirationfrommasterpieces,created(灵感”展出的是从名作吸取灵感又由如今最有趣bytodays mostinteresting contemporaryartists.“的当代艺术家创新的艺术)由此判断出,“灵感”这场展览是对经典作品的新诠释故选项z C【题详解】一3细节理解题根据最后一段第一句ThepainterMagnusEnckellisknownespeciallyasarepresentative(画家尤其作为芬兰象征主义的代表而出名)”可知,ofFinnishsymbolism.FinnishsymbolistMagnus是芬兰象征主义画家故选项Enckell DBDoyou want to liveanother100years ormore Someexperts saythat scientificadvances willone dayenablehumans to last tensof yearsbeyond whatis nowseen asthe naturallimit ofthe humanlife span.(永生)/“I thinkwe areknocking atthe doorof immortalitysaid Michael Zey,a MontclairState Universitybusinessprofessor andauthor oftwo bookson the future.z/l think by2075we willsee it and thatsa conservative(保守的估计)estimateAt theconference inSan Francisco,Donald Louria,a professorat NewJersey MedicalSchool inNewark said(纳米技术)advances inusing genesas wellas nanotechnologymake itlikely thathumans willlive in the futurebeyond what was possible in the past./zThere isa greateffort sothat people can live from120to180years/he said.Some havesuggested that there is no limitand thatpeople couldlive to200or300or500years//However many scientists who specialize in aging are doubtful about itand say the human body is justnotdesigned tolast past about120years.Even withhealthier lifestylesand lessdisease,they sayfailure ofthe brain andorgans willfinally leadall humans to death.Scientists alsodiffer onwhat kind of lifethe superaged mightlive.z1t remainsto beseen ifyou pass120,youknow;could yoube healthyenough to have goodquality oflife saidLeonard Poon,director ofthe University ofGeorgia GerontologyCentre.zzAt presentpeople whocould getto thatpoint arenot ingood healthat all.
4.By sayingz/we areknocking atthe doorof immortality/,,MichaelZeymeans.A.they havegot someideas aboutliving foreverB.they believethat there isno limit of livingC.they areable to make peoplelive past the present life spanD.they aresure tofind thetruth aboutlong living
5.Donald Louriasattitude towardslong livingis that.A.thehumanbodyisdesigned tolast pastabout120yearsB.it ispossible forhumanstolive longerin thefutureC.it isstill doubtfulhow longhumans canliveD.peoplecanlivefrom120to
1806.The underlinedword〃it”(in Paragraph4)refers to.A.a greateffortB.the conservativeestimateC.the ideaof livingfrom200to300yearsD.the ideaoflivingbeyond thepresentlifespan
7.What wouldbe thebest titlefor thistextA.No Limitfor HumanLifeB.Living Longeror notC.Science,Technology and Long LivingD.Healthy LifestyleandLongLiving【答案】
4.A
5.B
6.D
7.B【解析】这是一篇议论文人类是否能够获得更长更健康?科学家对此有不同的看法【题详解】4推理判断题根据文章第二段(永生又“I thinkwe areknocking atthe doorof immortalitysaid MichaelZey,aMontclair StateUniversity businessprofessor andauthor oftwo bookson thefuture.Z1thinkby2075we willsee it(保守的估计).〃我认为我们正在敲永生的门,〃蒙特克莱尔州立大学的商业and thatsa conservativeestimate教授迈克尔说,〃我认为,到年我们将会看到这种现象,这是一个保守的估计〃这里教授表明到年20752075就可以实现永生,由此判断出这里的含义是科学家们对如何获得永生有了一些想法故选项A【题详解】5细节理解题根据第三段“At theconference inSan Francisco,Donald Louria,a professorat NewJersey Medical(纳米技术)School inNewark saidadvances inusing genesas wellas nanotechnologymakeitlikely thathumans will唐纳德教授说使用基因以及纳米技术的进步表明人类将live inthefuturebeyondwhatwaspossibleinthepast.”生活在超越过去可能的未来是很可能的所以这里教授觉得人类在未来会活的更久是有可能的,故选项B【题详解】6词义猜测题根据第三段末尾“Some havesuggested thatthere isnolimitand thatpeople couldlive to200or300〃有些科学家表明,人类可以活到年,年或者年都是没有限制的,但是许多专攻衰or500years.200300500老方面的科学家对此抱有疑问所以这里指代前一段提到的人类可以活到年或年,故选项it200300D【题详解】7主旨大意题文章第二段(永生)」教授迈克尔表明到年“I thinkwe areknocking atthe doorof immortality2075就可以实现永生,第四段uHowever,manyscientistswhospecializein agingaredoubtfulaboutitandsaythe humanbodyis justnot designedtolastpastabout120years/7然而,许多专门研究衰老问题的科学家对此表示怀疑,他们说,人的身体设计不适合活过大约年,提出人类永生的质疑,所以整篇文章是围绕着人类是否永生展120开故短文的最佳标题为“人类是否能够获得更长更健康”故选项BCPlastic-Eating WormsHumansproduce morethan300million tonsof plasticevery year.Almostgreater waxmoth(垃圾填埋场),halfofthat windsup inlandfills andupto12million tonspollute theoceans.So farthere isnoeffective way to get rid of it,but anew studysuggests ananswer maylie inthe stomachsof somehungry worms.Researchers inSpain andEngland recentlyfound thatthe wormsofthegreater waxmoth canbreak downpolyethylene,which accountsfor40%of plastics.The teamleft100wax wormson acommercial polyethyleneshoppingbag for12hours,and the worms consumedand brokedown about92milligrams,or almost3%of it.Toconfirm thatthe worms/chewing alonewas notresponsible forthe polyethylenebreakdown,the researchersmade(糊状物)some worms into pasteand appliedittoplastic films.14hours laterthe filmshad lost13%of theirmass—apparently brokendown byenzymes(酶)fromtheworms stomachs.Their findingswere publishedin CurrentBiologyin
2017.Federica Bertocchini,co-author ofthe study,says theworms/ability to break downtheir everydayfood—beeswax—also allowsthem to break downplastic.Wax isa complexmixture,but thebasic bondin polyethylene,the carbon-carbon bond,is thereas well,she explains,The waxworm evolveda methodor systemto breakthisbond.Jennifer DeBruyn,a microbiologistattheUniversityofTennessee,who wasnot involvedinthe study,says it isnot surprisingthat suchworms canbreak downpolyethylene.But comparedwith previousstudies,she findsthespeed ofbreaking downinthisone exciting.The nextstep,DeBruyn says,will beto identifythe causeofthe(肠道微生物)?breakdown.Is itan enzyme produced bytheworm itself or by its gut microbesBertocchiniagrees andhopes herteams findingsmight oneday helpemploy theenzyme tobreak down plasticsin landfills.But sheexpects usingthe chemicalin somekind ofindustrial process—not simplymillions ofwormsthrown on top ofthe plastic.
8.What canwe learnaboutthewormsinthe studyA.They takeplastics astheir everydayfood.B.They arenewly evolvedcreatures.C.They canconsume plastics.D.They windup inlandfills.
9.According toJennifer DeBruyn,the nextstep ofthe studyis to.A.identify othermeans ofthe breakdownB.find outthe sourceoftheenzymeC.confirm theresearch findingsD.increase thebreakdown speed
10.It canbe inferredfromthelast paragraphthatthe chemical might.A.help toraise wormsB.help makeplastic bagsC.be usedto cleanthe oceansD.be producedin factoriesin future
11.What isthemainpurpose ofthe passageA.To explain a studymethod onworms.B.To introducethe dietofaspecial worm.C.To presentaway tobreak downplastics.D.To proposenew meansto keepeco-balance.【答案】
8.C
9.B
10.D
11.C【解析】本文为说明文文章介绍了一种吃塑料虫子大蜡螟,它胃中的酶能够降解塑料,这为解决塑料污染提供了新的途径【题详解】8细节理解题根据文章第三段Federica Bertocchini,co-author ofthestudy,says theworms abilitytobreakdown.可知,研究结果发现,蠕虫分解日常食their everydayfood—beeswax—also allowsthem tobreakdownplastic物的能力让它们可以分解塑料,也就是说它们可以消费塑料故选C【题详解】9细节理解题根据文章第四段The nextstep,DeBruyn says,will beto identifythe causeofthebreakdown.Is itan(肠道微生物)可知,下一步研究是辨清分解的原因,enzymeproducedbythewormitselforbyitsgutmicrobes查明这种酶来源于哪里,是虫子自己产生的还是它肠道里的微生物产生的故选B【题详解】_10推理判断题根据文章最后一段But sheexpects usingthe chemicalin somekind ofindustrial process—not simply可以推断出,希望这种化学物质将来能在工业生产中millions ofworms thrown ontopofthe plastic.Bertocchini使用,而不是仅仅依靠蠕虫来分解塑料故选D【题详解】_11写作意图题根据文章第一段最后一句So farthereisno effectivewaytogetridofit,but anew studysuggests an.可知,有一种新的方法被用于分解塑料再根据最后一段answer maylie inthe stomachsof somehungry worms最后一句But sheexpects usingthechemicalin somekindofindustrial process—not simplymillions ofworms可知,希望将这种方法推广到工业中由此可以推知写作意图为介绍一thrownontopoftheplastic.Bertocchini种分解塑料的方法故选配点睛根据不同文体,推断目的意图不同的文章可能有不同的写作目的,通常作者的写作目的有以下三种)(娱乐读者,让人发笑),常见于故事类的文章)(说服读者接1to entertainreaders2to persuadereaders受某种观点),常见于广告类的文章)(告知读者某些信息),多见于科普类、新闻报3to informreaders道类、文化类或社会类的文章阅读时要善于根据文章的文体来学会推断作者的情感态度和目的本题的最后一题为写作意图题文章为说明文,主要介绍了一项新的研究发现一蠕虫可以分解塑料因此可以推着写作意图是告知、告诉读者一种新的分解塑料的方法DVolunteering IsFunOne afternoonI wassitting athome feelingso bored.Instead offeeling sorryfor myself,I wantedto meetpeople and have new experiencesso Idecided tostart volunteering.I searchedon mycomputer andfound awebsitewhere I could volunteeron a farm inFrance.My timeworking on afarmwasanew experiencefor me.It wasbasically afree holidayas foodandaccommodation wereprovided.However;it wasnot mytypical holidayas I had to look after fifteen horses and sleepatthe topofatower in a castle!I wasan awfulfarmer butit didnot matterbecauseImade somegreat friends.However;you donot needto goabroad tovolunteer.I have had plentyof adventuresathome as volunteeringcanbecome ahobby.For example,I lovesinging so I hada goodlaugh wavingmy armsin anattempt to conduct mylocalchoir.I didslowly improveand itfelt greatto conductthe choir ina concert.At university,I organizedaconcertforcharity withmy friends.It wasreally funfinding bandsand raisingmoney fora causewe believein.It istrue thatyou feelgood volunteeringbut thereare alsoother advantages.I oncevolunteered asa serverat acharitysports eventwhere theorganizers gaveme cupcakestothankme formy services.I alsovolunteered ina(衣柜).charity shop soIfound loads of nice cheap clothes to update my wardrobeWhile this is all fun,my favoriteaspect ofvolunteering iscreating andsharing stories.My terribleattempts atfarminghave givenme hilariousstories totell!Talking tovolunteers fromdifferent countriesand backgroundshasalso helpedme learn more aboutthe world.I feelthankful tohave hadso muchfun withmany nicepeople thankstovolunteering.
12.Why didthe authorwantto be volunteerA.He wantedto tastenew lifeand makefriends.B.He feltashamed ofhimself.C.He wantedto bea farmer.D.He wantedto goabroad.
13.The underlinedword“hilarious〃inthelast paragraphis closestin meaningto“〃.A.sad B.critical C.awful D.funny
14.What volunteeringwork didthe authordoA.Taking careof sheep.B.Helping inan Italianfarm.C.Helping ina charityshop.D.Conducting achoirina sportsevent.
15.How doesthe authorfeel accordingtothelast paragraphA.Curious.B.Anxious.C.Grateful.D.Cautious【答案】
12.A
13.D
14.C
15.C【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章,讲述了作者从事志愿工作的一些体验以及志愿活动给作者带来的好处【题12详解】细节理解题根据第——段〃Instead offeeling sorryfor myself,I wantedto meetpeopleandhavenewexperiencesso Idecided tostartvolunteering.〃可知作者参加志愿活动的原因是想品味新生活、结交新朋友,故答案为A【13题详解】_词义猜测题根据最后一段.Whilethisisallfun,my favoriteaspect ofvolunteering iscreating andsharing stories然而这些都是非常有趣的,我对志愿工作最喜欢的部分就是创造和分享故事〃可知作者在志愿活动中经历的事情都是很有趣的,这个词在之前,用来修饰指的是有趣的事情,故答案为hilarious storystory,D【题详解】14细节理解题根据第二段这句可知“I hadtolookafterfifteenhorsesandsleep atthetopofatower ina castle!”A选项以偏概全;根据第一段最后一句〃可知选项错误;根据第二where Icould volunteeron afarm inFrance.B段u itfelt greattoconductthe choirinaconcert.可知C选项错误,根据倒数第二段I alsovolunteered ina charity(衣柜).〃可知作者曾经在慈善商店帮过忙,shopsoIfoundloadsofnicecheapclothestoupdatemywardrobe故答案为C题详解】[15细节理解题根据最后一段“I feelthankful tohavehadsomuchfun withmany nicepeople thanksto volunteering.”可知作者非常感激,因为志愿工作让他有了很多朋友,故答案为C第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项Youre growing up.That meansyou/re probablyexperiencing lotsof changes,all atonce.Your bodyis changing.It mighteven seemas ifyour entireself ischanging.It canbe confusingand evenscary.
16.And itsgood!Growing upmeans thatyou can do more,learnmore,and startto makeyour markontheworld.In orderforthat to happen,your bodyproduces chemicalscalled hormonesthat helpboth bodyand mind grow.Hormone levelschange constantly,rising andfalling.
17.But itspartly toblame forintense emotions,surprising reactions,and moodswings.Because ofthe wayyour braindevelops,it issomewhat ruledby emotionnow andthrough yourteen years.As aresult,growing upcan seemlike anemotional rollercoaster!18Take careof yourself.If youeat right,sleep enough,and getgood exercise,your brainwillbemuch moreable todealwith thestress.19,When youfeel yourmoods swingingor youreupset,or confused,some quiettime willallow youto gatheryour thoughts and get calmer.Practice relaxingyour bodyand takea deepbreath when you wakeup andwhen yougo to bed.20Plus,whenstuff happensduringtheday,youll beabletocalm yourselfquickly witha deepbreath ortwo beforeyou react.Yourbody ischanging.A.Work outregularly tokeep physicallyfit.B.Take atime-out.C.But thetruth is,it happensto everyteen.D.It willhelp youfall asleepandstart themorning right.E.Here area fewthings youcan doto makethe ridesmoother.F.This changingis neededfor your bodys development.G.Usually,these feelingssettle downwhen yourealize whatis goingon.【答案】
16.C
17.F
18.E
19.B
20.D【解析】本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了成长意味着你的身体在变化,甚至看起来你的整个自我都在改变,它会让人困惑甚至害怕,并且针对如何使成长的旅程更加顺利提出了一些建议【题详解】16根据文章你的身体在变化,It mighteven seemas ifyour entireself ischanging.It canbe confusingand evenscar.甚至看起来你的整个自我都在改变,它会让人困惑甚至害怕再根据可知此处所填句子和前面所And tsgood!说明的内容在意义上存在转折关系,所以项为但事实是,它发生在每一个青少年身上符合题意,故选C C【题详解】17不艮据文章In orderfor thattohappen,your bodyproduces chemicalscalled hormonesthat helpboth bodyand可知青春期里你的身体会产生一种叫做荷尔蒙的mindgrow.Hormone levelschangeconstantly,rising andfalling,化学物质,这种物质可以帮助身体和大脑发育激素水平不断变化,有升有降有根据But itspartly toblame for但荷尔蒙在一定程度上又是强烈的情绪、令人惊讶的反intense emotions,surprising reactions,and moodswings应和情绪波动的原因所在,所以在意义上承接上文与下文存在转折关系,所以项为这种变化是你身体发育F所必需的符合题意,故选F【题详解】18根据文章Because ofthe wayyour braindevelops,itissomewhat ruledby emotionnow andthrough yourteen years.可知,因为你的大脑发展的方式,它在某种程度上As aresult,growingupcan seemlike anemotional rollercoaster!是受情绪支配的,并且贯穿你的青少年时期因此,成长就像一辆情感过山车!再根据文章下面是提供的几条让你的成长平稳的建议,所以总起下文,故项这里有一些你可以做的事情,使你的成长旅程更顺利符E E合题意故选E【题详解】19根据文章When youfeel yourmoods swingingor youreupset,or confused,some quiettime willallow youto gather可知,当你感觉你的情绪摇摆,或者你感到沮丧或困惑时,给自己留一些安静的时yourthoughtsandgetcalmer.间会让你镇定下来,所以暂停一下符合题意,与相呼应,故项暂停一下符合题意为some quiettime B本段的标题故选B【题详解】20根据文章当你醒来,当Practice relaxingyourbodyand deepbreathing whenyou wakeup andwhenyougo tobed你去睡觉时,练习放松你的身体,深呼吸所以此段主要说明起床和睡觉时练习放松身体,会有助于睡眠后第二天的早起,所以此处为顺承关系句,故项它能帮助你入睡并且拥有一个良好的早晨符合题意,故选D D第三部分语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Iwasatthepost officeearly thatmorning,hoping tobe inand outinashort while.Yet,I21myself standing in aqueue that wentall theway into the hallway.Ihadnever seenso manypeople thereonaweekday.It seemedsomeonemight havemade anannouncement,welcoming customersto carryas many22as theycould andbring them in when I needed tohave my own package23The queuemovedvery slowly.My patience ran outand I got24The longerit took,the angrierI became.When Igot tothecounter finally,I finishedmy25quickly andbriefly,and then walked past the queuethatwas nowextending past the front door.Excuse me,I said,trying nottobetoo pushy.Several peoplehadtomove26tomakeroom forme toget tothe
27.I steppedout,complaining aboutthe28conditions.Thinking Iwas goingtobelate formy dentistappointment,I headedintotheparking lot.A woman was coming across the lot in my29,She waswalking withdetermination,and eachstepsounded veryheavy.I30that she looked as if she could breathe fire.It stoppedme inmy tracks.I31myselfand itwasnt pretty.Had I looked like that Her body language said thatshe was havinga32day.My angermelted away.I wishedIcouldwrap herinahug butIwasa33So Ididwhat Icould ina minute34she hurriedpast me---1smiled.In asecond everythingchanged.Shewasastonished,then somewhat35,Thenherfacesoftenedand hershoulders36,I sawher takeadeep breath.Her paceslowed andshe smiledback atmeaswe passedeach other.I continuedto smileall thewaytomy37・Wow,its amazingwhat asimple smilecando.From thenon,1became awareof peoples38___andmyown,thewayweshowour feelings.Now1use that39every dayto letit40me thatwhen facingtheworld,1can trya smile.
21.A.helped B.found C.troubled D.enjoyed
22.A.things B.dollars C.chances D.packages
23.A.weighed B.cashed C.lifted D.carried
24.A.pleased B.annoyed C.delighted D.disappointed
25.A.situation B.choice C.business D.attitude
26.A.aside B.aboutC.along D.away
27.A.counter B.cashier C.entrance D.exit
28.A.weather B.work C.service D.shopping
29.A.direction B.decision C.satisfaction D.imagination
30.A.announced B.noticed C.proved D.discovered
31.A.trusted B.persuaded C.hid D.recognized
32.A.big B.bright C.rough D.nice
33.A.gentleman B.passenger C.customer D.stranger
34.A.before B.though C.until D.since
35.A.attracted B.confused C.cheered D.frightened
36.A.relaxed B.raised C.trembled D.tightened
37.A.office B.car C.home D.doctor
38.A.appearances B.reactions C.expressions D.behaviors
39.A.treatment B.conclusion C.awareness D.achievement
40.A.tell B.show C.give D.remind【答案】
21.B
22.D
23.A
24.B
25.C
26.A
27.D
28.C
29.A
30.B
31.
34.A
35.B
36.A
37.B
38.C
39.C
40.DD
32.C
33.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文文章叙述了作者在邮局对着漫长的一直排到走廊的队伍气恼,后来在停车场看见一个愤怒妇女,让他开始反思自己,并对这个妇女报以微笑,改变了妇女也改变了自己的故事【题详解】21考查动词词义辨析句意:然而,我与现自己站在一个一路排到走廊的队伍中帮助;发现;A.helped B.found麻烦;享受,喜欢根据后文C.troubled D.enjoyed myselfstandingina queuethat wentalltheway intothe hallway.可知,这是作者发现的内容发现某人正在做某事〃故选项find sb.doing sth.“B【题详解】22考查名词词义辨析句意似乎有人已经宣布了,欢迎顾客携带尽可能多的包裹,并在我需要自己的包裹称重时把它们带进来事情;美元;机会;包裹根据〃A.things B.dollars C.chances D.packages bringtheminwhenI〃可知,此处指尽可能多的“包裹〃,故选项neededtohavemyownpackage3D【题详解】23考查动词词义辨析句意似乎有人已经宣布了,欢迎顾客携带尽可能多的包裹,并在我需要自己的包裹称重时把它们带进来称重;支付;举起;携带根据可知,应是A.weighed B.cashed C.lifted D.carried bringthem irT在包裹〃称重州寸把它们带进来,故选项A【题详解】24考查形容词词义辨析句意我的耐心耗尽了,变得恼怒起来高兴的;恼怒的;A.pleased B.annoyed C.delighted高兴的;失望的根据上文中的〃和下文中的〃可知,〃D.disappointed Mypatienceranout”“the angrierIbecame我”的耐心耗尽了,〃我〃变得恼怒〃恼怒的,烦闷的〃故选项annoyed B【题详解】25考查名词词义辨析句意当我最终到达柜台时,我迅速多简短地完成了我的业务情况;A.situation B.choice选择;业务,商业;态度根据后文C.business D.attitude andthen walkedpastthequeuethatwas nowextending,可知,作者很快办完了自己的业务,然后走过现在已经延伸到前门的队伍故选项pastthefrontdoorC【题详解】26考查副词词义辨析句意有几个人不得不给我让路,让我走到出口在旁边;大约,到处;A.aside B.about沿着;离开根据上文中的〃可知,我要出去,所以人们需C.along D.away andthenwalkedpastthequeue…要移到一边腾出空间故选项A【题详解】27考查名词词义辨析句意有几个人不得不给我让路,让我走到出口柜台;收银员;A.counter B.cashier C.出口;入口根据前文可知,entrance D.exit ThenIgottothecounter finally,I finishedmy5quickly andbriefly作者很快办好了业务,所以此处表示作者向出口走去故选项D【题详解】28考查名词词义辨析句意我走了出来,抱怨服务条件天气;工作;服务;「A.weather B.work C.service shopping购物根据上文拥挤不堪的状况可知,〃我〃在抱怨服务不好故选项C【题详解】29考查名词词义辨析句意一个妇女从停车场向我走来方向;决定;满意;A.direction B.decision C.satisfaction想象力根据下文作者对这个妇女的描述可知,此处指一个女人朝作者这边走过来,D.imagination inones朝着某人的方向,固定短语,故选项direction A题详解】30考查动词词义辨析句意我注意到她看起来好像非常生气宣布;注意到;A.announced B.noticed C.proved证明;发现根据后文可知,这是作者注意到的事情故选D.discovered shelooked asif shecould breathefire.B项【题详解】33考查动词词义辨析句意我认出了我自己,那样并不可爱信任;说服;躲藏;A.trusted B.persuaded C.hid认出从后面的句子,可知D.recognized HadIlookedlikethatHerbodylanguagesaidthatshewashavinga day作者是在自我认识,从那位妇女身上看到自己的样子故选项D【题详解】32考查形容词词义辨析句意她的肢体语言表明她今天过得很不顺大的,重耍的;明亮的;A.big B.bright Crough艰苦的,粗糙的;美好的根据上文可知,这个妇女非常地生D.nice thatshelookedasifshecouldbreathefire.气所以她这一天过的不顺利(rough)故选C项题详解】[33考查名词词义辨析句意我希望能拥抱她,但我是一个陌生人绅士;乘客;A.gentleman B.passenger C.customer顾客;陌生人根据上文,可知,作D.stranger Awomanwascomingacrossthelotinmy9者不认识这个妇女所以这里指作者是陌生人故选项D【题详解】34。