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2019-2020学年河南省平顶山市第一中学高二下学期开学考试英语试题解析版第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项ACamp ChinquekaJune23-Aug.17；$3,600一$10,000The activeparticipants atCamp Awostings all-girls sistercamp aresure to give the boys a run fortheirmoney whenit comestime tocompete.With everythingfrom swimmingto sailingdance dramaandgymnastics thecampers rarelystand stilland theyare encouragedto doit all!Mornings and afternoonsare packedwith excitinghappenings andwhen the sun goesdown,there aredances movienights andmoreto keepeveryone entertained.Ages6-
16.Curious JaneSummer CampsJuly8-Aug.16:Mon.一Fri.9am-3:30pm；per week$585Curious Janeoffers smallartists in the thirdthrough sixthgrades thechance toselect atheme fora weeklong program.Kitchen Chemistry“Stop Motion”Sew Fun〃and“Spy Science”are just a few ofthe offeringson themenu.Chances are,once the first sessionends,your littlecamper willrequest areturnticket.Ages7一
12.New VictoryTheater CampJuly15-19Mon.一Fri.9am一4pm；per week$525Your actorswill getan in-depth theaterexperience inwhich participantscreate anentire playallby themselves一from thescript andmusic to the sets and props（道具）--under the direction ofexperiencedartists.They11also seeprofessional productionsof theuVictory Danceshow andexperiment withdifferentart forms.Ages
712.Writopia CampAug.12-Aug.23；$3,675The WriCampiaprogram in the Poconosis perfectfor thosedesiring topen the next great Americannovel.Published authorsand playwrightshelp kidslearn thesecrets towriting poetryand whatmakesa greatnovel whilecampers alsoenjoy artsactivities such as photography,theater andfilmmaking.Inthe evening,everyone gathersaround thecampfire toexchange storiesor testtheir team-building skills.
1.What isspecial about Camp ChinquekaOnly girlsarepermitted totake partin.Boys willbeA.trained torun formoney.Campers willgetperforming experiencesAll arerequested to seeB.a filmat night.What is Kitchen Chemistry”A subjectat school.C.The themeof aprogram.B Adish ona menu..The topicof adiscussion,D.Which campshould those interested inwriting novelsgo toCamp Chinqueka.B Writopia Camp.
2..Curious JaneSummer Camps.New VictoryTheater Camp.AAges
718.【答案】
1.A2,C
3.B【解析】本文是一篇应用文短文介绍了为了丰富青少年在暑假的活动，举办的一些夏令营的相关信息【1题详解】细节理解题根据Camp Chinqueka中“The activeparticipants atCamp Awostings all-girls sistercampare suretogivetheboysarunfor theirmoney whenit comestime tocompete.”可知，奥沃斯汀夏令营的全女生夏令营的积极参与者们在比赛的时候肯定会与男生们一较高下所以CampChinqueka的特别之处就在于其只招收女孩故选A【2题详解】细节理解题根据Curious JaneSummer Camps中“select atheme foraweeklongprogram.Kitchenturned on打开；C.turned over移交，把翻过来；D.turned back往回走根据“put into apocket or”和“to thepoliceman”可知,此处指“交给”警察故选C[39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析句意商店多收的零钱是应该被忘记还是被退回A.small小的；B.extra额外的；C.some某些的；D.necessary必要的extra change不应得到的、多找的零钱，usmall/some/necessary/change少许/一些/必要的零钱/找头此处指“多找的零钱”故选B[40题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意商店多收的零钱是应该被忘记还是被退回A.paid支付；B.remembered记得;C.shared分享；D.returned归还，返回商店多找回的零钱是应该不说出去还是应该退还给商店商店多找回的零钱当然应该还回去return,而不应该只是记得remember,不应该分享share或是再付pay出去故选D【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息本题第10小题，句意就我自己而言，我可以说这是我一生中最重要的一课A.herself她自己；B.ourselves我们自己；C.themselves他们自己；D.myself我自己前句提到其他孩子，本句是说自己myselfspeak foroneself陈述某人的看法，为自己辩护，发表个人意见,说自己的事，此处指〃就作者自己来看法故选D第二节共10小题;每小题
1.5分，满分15分阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式Researchers examinedthe benefitsof singingamong peoplewith mental health conditions41includeanxiety anddepression.They foundpeople whotook partin acommunity singinggroup improvedtheir mental health andthatthe combination of singing and socialisingwas animportant part of42recover.The grassrootsaction runsweekly singingworkshops for the people43mentalhealth conditions aswell as thegeneral public.It44original beganat ahospital in200545afterwards movedinto thecommunity.Around120people nowattend fourfree workshopseach weekacross Norfolk,two thirdsof46have hadcontact with mentalhealthservices.The researchproject followedthe groupfor sixmonths and47undertake interviewsandfocus groupswith participants,organisers,and workshop48leader.The reportshows howsingingandsocialising gaveparticipants49feeling ofbelonging andwellbeingthat oftenlasted aday or50many,as wellas improvedsocial skillsand confidence.【答案】
41.including
42.recovery
43.with
44.originally
45.but
46.whom
47.undertook
48.leaders
49.a
50.more【解析】这是一篇说明文研究人员调查了患有焦虑和抑郁等精神疾病的人唱歌的好处他们发现，参加社区歌唱小组的人心理健康状况有所改善1题详解】考查非谓语动词本句已经存在谓语且句中没有连词，故include只能做非谓语，表示“包括；包含”与mentalhealth conditions在逻辑上是主动关系故填including【42题详解】考查名词句意他们发现，参加社区歌唱小组的人心理健康状况有所改善，歌唱和社交活动的结合是康复的重要组成部分of为介词后接名词，此处表示“康复；恢复”需要名词形式故填recover【43题详解】考查介词根据第一段第一句among peoplewithmentalhealthconditions可知，表示“有句为转折关系,精神健康问题的人故填with【46题详解】考【44题详解】查关系代词精考查副词begin为动词，需要副词修饰，故填originally神卫生服务【45题详解】[47题详解】考查动词时态故填buto焦点小组讨论考查连词句意它最初是2005年在一家医院开始的，但后来搬到了社区根据上下文句意【48题详解】考查名词的数leaderso可知，上下句意目前，诺福克郡每周约有120人参加四次免费研讨会，其中三分之二的人曾接触过本句为定语从句修饰先行词120people且先行词做介词of的宾语，指人，故填whom句意该研究项目跟踪该小组6个月，并与参与者、组织者和研讨会负责人进行了访谈和本句为与followed由and连接的并列谓语，故也应用一般过去时，填undertookoleader为可数名词，且根据上文participants,organisers可知应用复数形式，故填【49题详解】考查冠词feeling为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一种感觉”，且feeling首字母的发音为辅音音素故填a【50题详解】考查形容词比较级分析句意“持续了一天或更长时间”可知，应用形容词比较级，填more第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改增加在缺词处加一个漏字符号
（八），并在其下面写出该加的词删除把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉修改在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词注意
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分Last month,our schoolorganized aknowledge contestwhat called^Motherland inMy HeartAfterour teacherannounced the news,everyone waseager toparticipating.Then wespent the followingdays makepreparations forit.We surfedthe Internetabout thechanges indifferent aspect,includingeconomy,technology,etc.We alsoinvite anexpert todeliver alecture on the developmentof our countryduring thepast70years,having learntabout theseachievements,we feltso proudourcountry.Finallycame a big day.My classmatesand Itried mybest andanswered everyquestion confident.After afew rounds,our teamfinally won the topprize.What happywe were!【答案】
1.去掉what
3.participating fparticipate
4.makefmaking
5.aspectfaspects
6.invitefinvited
7.proud—of
8.a-*the
9.my—our
10.confident—confident ly
11.WhatfHow【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文文章介绍了作者学校举办的“祖国在我心中”知识竞赛定语句意我们学校举办的叫作“祖国在我心中”知识竞赛根据句意可知此处为过去分词作定语，因此去掉what,what也不能引导定语从句故去掉what
2.考查固定搭配句意每一个人都渴望参加此处为短语be eagerto do sth.渴望做某事”故participating改为participate
3.考查非谓语动词句意我们花了好几天为其做准备此处为短语spend time（in）doing sth.“花时间做某事故make改为making
4.考查名词复数句意我们上网搜索各个方面发生的巨大变化，此处aspect为可数名词，且前面有different修饰，因此应用复数故aspect改为aspects
5.考查一般过去时句意我们也邀请专家就过去70年我们国家发展的讲座本文讲述了过去发生的事情,因此应用一般过去时故invite改为invited
6.考查介词句意了解到这些成就，我们为我们的国家感到自豪根据句意可知此处为短语be proudof为自豪o故proud后加of
7.考查冠词句意最终，这一天终于到来了此处特指比赛这一天，应用定冠词the故a改为the
8.考查代词句意我和我的同学们尽我们的最大努力，自信地回答每一个问题此处应用ur代指classmatesand I故my改为ouro
9.考查副词句意我和我的同学们尽我们的最大努力，自信地回答每一个问题此处修饰动词，应使用副词故confident改为confidently
10.考查感叹句句意我们多么快乐啊分析句子可知，本句是感叹句Happy为形容词，因此应用how故What改为Howo第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，China Daily正在征集一封英文感谢信，以致敬奋战在抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎第一线的医护人员，请你代表学校写一封信投稿，要点如下
1.表达感激；
2.个人感受；
3.表达信心注意
1.词数100左右；
4.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
5.开头语和结束语己为你写好参考词汇流行病epidemic新型冠状病毒novel coronavirusDear Medical workersYours sincerely,Li Hua【答案】DearMedicalworkers,On behalfof myschool,I wouldlike toexpress sinceregratitude toyou allfor yourdevotion andsacrificein the battle againstthe novelcoronavirus.In thisepidemic,it isyou who,regardless of the shortageof equipment and the potential of infection,desperately rescuethose infectedbut strugglingfor life.It isalso you who haveshed newlight on thevirus with expertise to build up our confidence to defeatit.It isyou whodeserve alladmiration andlove!Such fewwords cant fullyconvey ourthankfulness for your irreplaceable contribution.I believewith our joint efforts China will undoubtedly win thebattle and make a quick recovery.Good luckand stay well!Yourssincerely,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文China Daily正在征集一封英文感谢信，以致敬奋战在抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎第一线的医护人员，代表学校写一封信投稿【详解】第一步审题体裁应用文时态时态应为一般现在时结构总分法要点如下
1.表达感激；
2.个人感受；
3.表达信心第二步列提纲（重点词组）on behalfof；regardless of；desperately；struggle for；shed light on；build up；deserve；irreplaceablecontribution；make aquick recovery；staywell第三步连词成句根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题
1.On behalfof myschool,I wouldlike toexpress sinceregratitude toyou allforyourdevotion andsacrificein thebattle againstthe novelcoronavirus.
2.In thisepidemic,it isyou who,regardless ofthe shortageof equipmentand thepotential ofinfection,desperately rescuethose infectedbut strugglingfor life.
3.Such fewwords can,t fullyconvey ourthankfulness foryour irreplaceablecontribution.
4.I believewithourjointeffortsChinawillundoubtedlywin thebattleandmake aquickrecovery.第四步连句成篇（衔接词）连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，第五步润色修改【点睛】范文内容完整，结构严谨，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系作者在范文中使用了强调句型例如In thisepidemic,it isyou who,regardless ofthe shortageofequipmentand thepotentialofinfection,desperately rescuethose infectedbut strugglingfor life.It isalso youwho haveshed newlighton the viruswithexpertisetobuildupourconfidencetodefeatit.It isyouwhodeserve alladmiration andlove!为文章增色不少全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩Chemistry,’Stop MotionSew Funand SpyScience arejustafewofthe offeringsonthe menu.”可知，Curious Jane为三到六年级的小艺术家们提供了一个选择主题的机会，为期一周Kitchen Chemistry巧top Motion，Sew Funand SpyScience是可选择的几个主题所以Kitchen Chemistry是一个项目的主题故选C【3题详解】细节理解题根据WritopiaCamp中“The WriCampiaprogram in the Poconosis perfectfor thosedesiringto penthenextgreatAmericannovel.v可知，波科诺斯的WriCampia计划非常适合那些想写下一部伟大的美国小说的人所以对写小说感兴趣的人应该参加Writopia Campo故选BBAt24,Tiffany Calvermight worryshe has already peaked（达至U顶峰）asaDJ.She beganDJing asahobby,uploading mixesto herSoundCloud.Her high-energy selectionssoon caughtthe earsoftheonlinestation RadarRadio andthen Drakesmanagement,leading herto landmany firsts.“I justwant toexpress myself,“she says.aV mnot interestedin copyinganyone elses work;I have to beme.I loveartists such as Kojey Radical whoselyrics（歌词）are soaware ofhuman experiences.There are also greatexamples setby artistsfrom theolder generationlike Ghetts.Ghetts actuallycooperatedwith Kojeyon BlackRose,which isall aboutcolourism一prejudice againstdarker-skinnedwomen一a hugeproblem in the black community（团体）.”“It sreally excitingtoseethe BBCtaking noticeof a new generationof tastemakersin ourcommunity.I remembera timewhen therewas noplace foryounger voices.Snoochie Shyis takingontheIXtra rap（说唱）from Mondayto Thursdayand Charlie Sloth isbeing replacedby twowomen,which ishuge foroneof thebiggest radiostations in the country.I thinkit11have abig effectand encouragemore womento follow suit.”“It wasgreat tohear womensuch asRico Nasty,who isaggressive,succeed lastyear because,evenas aDJ,I hateit whenpeople tellme Ihave toplay somethingfor theladies.There,s sucha richhistoryof unapologeticwomen inhip-hop,from LilKim toCardi Band NickiMinaj.Even rapperssuchasNoname,who mightnot have as muchof anaggressive soundbut can talk about politicsin the same song,are not afraid toshow allthe layersthere areto beinga woman.It isn,t justsoft andfeminine.
4.We learnfrom paragraph2that KojeyRadical andGhetts.A.area new generationB.are in the samestationC.dare toexpress themselves D.live in thesamecommunity
5.What doesCalver think of CharlieSloth sreplacementIt isa heavyblow formany men.A.She feelsit isunbelievable.B.She holdspositive attitudetowards itwomenmentioned in the lastparagraphC.It allowswomen tochange jobs.D.Creative.
6.Which ofthefollowingwordscan describetheConsiderate.A.Brave.B.C.Selfless.D.The newvoice ofrap.
7.What isthe textmainly aboutTheinfluence of a woman.A.The successin music.B.C.The differenttrend inDJ.D.【答案】
4.C
5.D
6.A
7.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文文章主要讲述了24岁的Tiffany Calver是一名DJ和说唱高手她勇于表达自我,不断追求自我，代表了说唱的新声音【4题详解】一细节理解题根据第二段I justwant toexpress myself,及最后一句Ghetts actuallycooperated withKojeyon BlackRose,which isall aboutcolourism—prejudice againstdarker-skinned women一a hugeproblemin theblackcommunity（团体）,可知,KojeyRadical和Ghetts都反对对有色人种的歧视，敢于表达自己故选C【5题详解】推理判断题根据第三段I thinkit11haveabig effectand encouragemore womento followsuit.可知,可知er认为CharlieSloth被替换将会产生巨大影响,并鼓励更多女性紧随其后因此Calver持一种积极的看法故选D【6题详解】推理判断题根据第四段Even rapperssuchasNoname,who mightnot haveas muchof anaggressive soundbutcantalkaboutpoliticsinthesame song,are notafraid toshow allthe layersthere areto beingawoman.It isnt justsoft andfeminine.可知，最后一段提到的几个女性大胆展示作为女性的所有层次，这说明她们都很勇敢A.Brave.勇敢的;B.Creative,创造性的；C.Selfless.无私的；D.Considerate.考虑周全的故选A【7题详解】主旨大意题文中主要讲述了说唱高手Tiffany Calver勇于表达自我，不断追求自我的个性，代表了说唱的新声音选项B.The newvoice ofrap.（说唱乐的新声音）符合本文的主旨故选B【点睛】推断判断题就是推断隐含意义，根据文章的某个句子、段落或全文所提供的事实进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到、没有明说或者可能发生的事实推理判断题的题干特点推断隐含意义的题干中常含infer（推断），suggest（暗示）,imply（暗示），indicate（暗示），conclude（推断,得出结论）等词语常见的题干形式如下Wecanknowfromthepassagethat；Wecaninferfromthe（first/las）passagethat；Thepassage/authorimplies/suggeststhat；Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat；Theunderlinedsentenceindicatesthat等等，它的主要解题方法就是找到推理的依据，然后理解相关信息点的字面意义，最后结合语境和常识，在字面意义的基础上进行符合逻辑的推断，从而得到作者的言外之意如第2小题，根据第三段I thinkitll haveabigeffectand encouragemore womentofollowsuit.可知,Calver认为Charl ieSloth被替换将会产生巨大影响，并鼓励更多女性紧随其后因此Calver持一种积极的看法故选DCa.m.el Lamp1ugh remembersgoing shoppingwith hisdad onBlack Friday.Waking upat6a.m.theday afterThanksgiving is what Igrew updoing,“says theUniversity ofNew Orleansfilm student.A lothas changedsince thosechildhood days.Online retailers（零售商）have forcedmany chainsoutof business.Consumers areincreasingly shoppingwith theirsmart-phones.But afunny thinghappenedon theway to the future:Most shoppersare notgoing all-digital.Surveys showthey，re eagerfor goodexperiences at retail stores.This Novemberand December,forthe first timeever retailerwebsites willget moretraffic frommobileusers thancomputer users,predicts AdobeDigital Insights.We liveour liveswith acombination ofthephysical andthe digital.，z saysKit Yarrow,author ofbook Decodingthe NewConsumer Mind.Retailers haveto understand itsnotaquestion ofeither/or.Its aquestion ofcombining thetwo.Heather Howe,an MBAstudent,said,“Consumers likeshopping ontheir phonesand online because itsmoreconvenient andbecause thereare moreoptions.I wentto theVans storeto tryon shoes and thenIactually purchasedthem onlinewhile I was inthe store.While mobilesales aregrowing,the widestuse smart-phones instores isresearching productsorlooking upproduct information（58percent）,closely followedchecking orcomparing prices（54percent）,according toa survey.〃My phoneplays ahuge rolein online shopping,because Iam onthe emaillist forall of my favoritebrand,so Iget manyemails dailyinforming meof sales,〃s Rachel Lynch,who worksat aBostonpublic-relation agency.z，Also,a storehas anapp thatallows meto chatwith otherusers about the products,and readreviews Onlinereviews areone ofthefirstthings Ilook atwhen Iam aboutto buyanewproduct.”N.Y.ctronics andkitchen equipmentare definitelyonline purchasesfor me,since they，re heavytoget homeonthesubway andoften cheaperonline,“says MichaelMiller-Ernest,a managerin Brooklyn,N.Y.
8.What domost shopperstend to do nowA.Do shoppingall-digitally.B.Use computerstodoonlineshopping.C.Do windowshopping inshopping malls.D.Go tophysical storeswith theirsmart-phones.
9.What，sKit Yarrow，s suggestionfor retailersA.Reaching bothonline andoffline consumers.B.Focusing oneither the physical orthe digital.C.Encouraging consumersto use smart-phones.D.Providing moreconvenience forcomputer users.
10.What doesHeather Howethinkofonline storesA.They offerwider choices.B.They sellhigh qualitygoods.C.They willreplace physicalstores.D.They areburning shoppers，patience.
11.What can be inferredabout Rachel Lynch，s habitsA.She buysheavy goodsonline.B.She oftenwrites users，reviews.C.She isfond ofsending producersemails.D.She triesto learnabout otherusers，experience.【答案】
8.D
9.A
10.A
11.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文文章主要就消费者的购物习惯来讨论商家应该如何应对消费习惯的不断变化【8题详解】细节理解题根据第二段中的“Consumers areincreasingly shoppingwith theirsmart-phones.But afunnything happenedontheway to the future:Most shoppersare notgoing all-digital.Surveys showthey，re eagerfor goodexperiencesatretailstores.”消费者越来越多地使用智能手机购物但在通往未来的道路上发生了一件有趣的事情大多数购物者并不是全数字化的调查显示，他们渴望在零售店获得良好的体验以及第五段“While mobilesales aregrowing,the widestusesmart-phones instores isresearchingproducts orlooking upproduct information58percent,closely followedchecking orcomparing prices54percent,according toa survey.”——项调查显示，在手机销量不断增长的同时，商店中使用最多的智能手机是研究产品或查找产品信息58%,紧随其后的是查看或比较价格54%可知，消费者大都在实体店O看实物，然后使用电脑进行网上购物故选D项【9题详解】细节理解题根据第三段中的“〃We liveour liveswith acombinationofthephysicalandthedigital.，z saysKit Yarrow,author ofbook Decodingthe NewConsumer Mind.Retailers havetounderstand its notaquestion ofeither/or.Its aquestion ofcombining thetwo.”“我们的生活是物理和数字相结合的”Kit Yarrow说，他是《解码消费者的新思维》一书的作者零售商必须明白这不是非此即彼的问题，而是两者结合的问题可知，KitYarrow建议零售商接触在线和离线消费者故选A项.10题详解】细节理解题根据第四段uHeather Howe,an MBAstudent,said,“Consumers likeshopping ontheir phonesandonlinebecauseits moreconvenient andbecause thereare moreoptions.I wenttotheVans storetotry onshoesandthen Iactually purchasedthem onlinewhile I was inthe store.”MBA学生Heather Howe说“消费者喜欢用手机和网络购物，因为它更方便，而且有更多的选择我去Vans商店试穿鞋子，然后在店里的时候就在网上买了“可知，Heather Howe认为网络商店提供了更广泛的选择故选A项【11题详解】细节理解题根据倒数第二段中“a storehas anapp thatallows meto chatwith otherusers about the products,and readreviews Onlinereviews areone ofthefirstthings Ilook atwhen Iam aboutto buyanewproduct.商店里有一个应用程序，可以让我和其他用户聊产品，看评论当我要买一件新产品时，网上的评论是我首先看到的东西之一可知，RachelLynch，s会关注其他用户的体验故选D项【点睛】细节理解题主要考查考生对某句话或某几句话的理解，同学们若能根据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定最佳答案多数情况下，作者不会明确的呈现一个事实，读者需要根据已有的信息进行处理，读出言外之意还要特别注意文章的时间顺序、故事发生的地点、情节的发展和人物之间的关系例如，第4题，文章中表明使用商店里的应用程序，和其他用户聊产品，看评论网上的评论是我买新产品时首先看到的东西之一可知，RachelLynch，s会关注其他用户的体验故选D项DA newstudy suggestsclimate conditionsinthe Sahara Desert,one ofhottest,driest andmost desertedareas inthe world,have changedfrom wet to drya about every20,000years.But previousevidence hassuggested the Sahara did not alwaysexperience suchextreme heatand dryconditions.At times,theSaharaRanged toa verywet climate.This permittedplants andanimals todevelopand growand ledtothecreation ofhuman settlements.Now,they havediscovered moreevidence,which,the leadresearcher DavidMe Geesays,supports theidea that the Saharas climate keptchanging betweenwet and dry aboutevery20,000,years.McGee reportedthese climatechanges weremainly drivenby changesintheEarths（地轴）as theplanettravels round thesun.This processaffects the amount ofsunlight betweenseasons.Every20,000yearsthe Earthreceives morestrong summersunlight.When theEarths axischanges again,theamount of sunlightisreduced.This seasonchange happenedcontinuously every20,000years.The otherpartofthe seasonproducedrainy conditions,resulting ina wetter,greener,plant-rich environment.When therainy activityweakens,the climatebecomes hotand dry,like theSahara remainstoday.The scientistsbased theirresearch ondust collectedfrom oceansediment（沉积物）intheAtlanticOcean bottom off the coast of West Africa.The dustcontained layers（层）of ancientsediment built upover millionsof years.Each layercould containtraces ofSaharan dust as wellas the remains of lifeforms.This informationwas usedto assessover whattime periodthe dust had builtup.This ledto theoverallfinding that the Saharanchanges from wetto dry climateshappened every20,000years.David McGeesaid thattoday weonly seetheSahara Desert asan extremely deserted and“inhospitable”place.The newstudy suggeststhattheareas climatehas changes between grasslandsandamuch wetterenvironment,and backto dryclimates,even overthe lastquarter millionyears.McGee sayshe thinksthelatest researchcanbevaluable instudying theSahara，s historyas itrelates tohuman settlement.
12.What doesthenewstudy findabouttheSahara DesertA.It isone ofthe hottest,driest andmost desertedareas inAfrica.B.It alwaysexperiences extremeconditions becauseof itsposition.C.Its climatechangesbetweenwetanddryaboutevery20,000years.D.Its environmentalconditions stopplants andanimals fromsurviving.
13.What isthedirectreason forSaharasclimatechangesA.Rainy activity.B.Solar radiation.C.Human activity.D.Global environment.
14.How didthe researchersacquire theevidenceA.By analyzingocean life.B.By studyingSahara,s history.C.By collectingdust onthe coast.D.By examiningmean sediment.
15.What doesthe underlinedword“inhospitable”probably meanA.Unsuitable tolive.B.Insignificant lostudy.C.Unable toexplore.
0.Impossible tochange.【答案】
12.C
13.B
14.D
15.A【解析】【分析】本文为说明文一项新的研究表明，撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最热、最干燥和最荒芜的地区之一，这里的气候条件大约每2万年就会从潮湿变成干燥但此前的证据表明，撒哈拉沙漠并不总是经历如此极端的高温和干燥条件撒哈拉沙漠有时气候非常潮湿这使得植物和动物得以发展和生长，并导致了人类定居点的建立现在，他们发现了更多的证据，首席研究员David McGee说，这支持了撒哈拉的气候每20000年左右就在干湿之间变化的观点【12题详解】细节理解题根据第一段中的A newstudy suggestsclimate conditionsintheSaharaDesert,one ofhottest,driest andmost desertedareasintheworld,have changedfromwettodrya aboutevery20,000years.可知，一项新的研究表明，撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最热、最干燥和最荒芜的地区之一，这里的气候条件大约每2万年就会从潮湿变成干燥故C选项正确【13题详解】推理判断题根据第三段中的McGee reportedthese climatechanges weremainly drivenby changesin theEarths（地轴）as theplanet travelsroundthesun.This processaffects theamountofsunlight betweenseasons.可知，撒哈拉沙漠的气候变化主要是由地球围绕太阳运行时的变化引起的，每两万年地球就会接收到更多强烈的夏日阳光，当地轴再次改变时，阳光的数量就会减少由此推知，太阳辐射是撒哈拉气候变化的直接原因故B选项正确【14题详解】推理判断题根据倒数第二段中的The scientistsbased theirresearch ondust collectedfrom oceansediment（沉积物）intheAtlantic OceanbottomoffthecoastofWestAfrica---Each layercould containtracesof Saharandustaswellastheremainsoflifeforms.This informationwas usedto assessover whattimeperiod thedusthadbuiltup.可知，科学家们的研究基于从西非海岸大西洋海底的海洋沉积物中收集的灰尘，每一层都可能含有撒哈拉沙尘的痕迹以及生命形式的遗迹，这些信息被用来评估灰尘是在什么时候形成的由此推知，研究者们通过检测平均沉积物来获得证据故D选项正确【15题详解】词义猜测题划线词与and前的extremely deserted“极其荒芜的”是并列关系，由此推知，划线词意为“不适宜居住的”A.Unsuitable tolive不适合生活的；B.Insignificant tostudy学习无关紧要的；C.Unableto explore无法探索的；D.Impossible tochange不可能改变的故A选项正确【点睛】依据逻辑推理猜测词义运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相关的词汇并结合具体的语境，从形式和内容上把握语言之间的内在联系，理顺语言之间的逻辑关系，进而达到猜词的目的在第4小题中，考生可以根据该划线词所在的句中的信息来推测其指代对象划线词与and前的extremelydeserted“极其荒芜的”是并列关系，由此推知,划线词意为“不适宜居住的A.Unsuitable tolive不适合生活的;B.Insignificant tostudy学习无关紧要的；C.Unable toexplore无法探索的；D.Impossible tochange不可能改变的故A选项正确第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项Are peopleless ormore happywhen theyget olderA studyin2018found thatpeople generallybecomehappier andexperience lessworry afterage
50.In fact,it found that bythe ageof85,people arehappierwith theirlife thanthey wereat
18.Arthur StoneintheDepartment ofPsychiatry andBehavioral Scienceat StonyBrook Universityin NewYorkled thestudy.His teamfoundthatlevels ofstress werethe highestamong adultsbetween the agesof22and
25.16Happiness was the highestamong theyoungest adultsand thosein theirearly70s.But the peopleleast likelyto reportfeeling negativeemotions werethoseintheir70sand80s.The surveyalsofound thatmen andwomen havesimilar emotionalpatterns asthey growolder.17The researchersalso consideredpossible influenceslike,having youngchildren beingunemployedor beingsingle.Bu,they foundthat influenceslike thesedidnotaffect thelevels ofhappiness andwell-being relatedto age.18One theoryis that,as peopleget older,they becomemore thanthankful forwhat theyhaveand havebetter controlof theiremotions.They alsospend lesstime thinkingabout badexperiences.19In anotherstudy,people intheir80s reportedthe fewestproblems withthe qualityoftheir sleep.The originalgoal wasto confirmthe popularbelief thataging isconnected withincreasedsleep problems.20But exceptfor that,people reportedthat theyfelt theirsleep qualityimproved astheygot older.A.So whywill happinessincrease withageB.Researchers surveyedmore than150,000American adults.C.At thattime,thepeoplewere betweentheagesof18and
85.D.Stress levelsdropped sharplyafter peoplereached their50,s.E.Happiness isnot theonly thingthat apparentlyimproves withage.F.The surveydid findan increaseduring middleage,especially inwomen.G.However,women atall agesreported moresadness,stress andworry thanmen.【答案】
16.D
17.G
18.A
19.E
20.F【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文主要讨论人们在他们年老之后更加快乐更少担心【16题详解】设空处位于第二段最后一句，设空前一句说了研究团队关于压力水平的发现所以第1空仍为压力水平的研究的成果从下列七个选项中，只有D选项说的是压力水平，而且是结论故选择D【17题详解】设空处位于第三段最后一句，此句前一句说的是随着年龄变老，男人和女人有相似的情绪的模式所以后一句仍然是说基于男女对比的研究发现故选择Go【18题详解】设空处位于第五段第一句，而且为总领句根据后面的总结，说的是人老了之后变得对他们所拥有的事务更加感激，而且能更好地控制情绪等所以，第一句为什么幸福感会随着年龄增长故选择A【19题详解】设空处位于第六段第一句，根据后面的句子得知，到了人们80岁的时候，最少的问题就是睡眠质量问题,是随着变老的又一个好处故选择Eo【20题详解】设空处位于倒数第二句话前一句是说，随着年龄额增加，睡眠问题应该增加而第5空后有转折词“but”为转折，得知第5空和其前一句顺承关系说的是睡眠问题的增加，故为F且和第5空后，代词that，对应故答案为Fo【点睛】做题时先从语篇的整体理解角度考虑，切忌思维定势和主观臆断再从上下文的角度考虑，注意内在联系,注意文章中或明或暗的信息提示，找准突破口，确保文意畅通如第1小题完成时，注意填空之前的句子中讲到研究团队关于压力水平（levels ofstress）的发现，而选项D中（stress levels）,属于关键词的反复，这样就找到了突破口，从而快速找出答案还要从逻辑推理、一般常识等角度考虑，挖掘文章的寓意及隐含意义如第4小题，根据填空位置的后的句子，讲述到人们在80岁的时候的最少的问题是睡眠质量问题其涉及到的就是年龄问题从这个角度考虑，就可以找到正确答案第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题;每小题L5分，满分30分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑The measureofaman sreal characteriswhathe woulddo ifhe knewhe wouldnever befound out.Thomas MacaulayAbout thirtyyears ago,Iwasstudying ina publicschool inNew York.One day,MrsNanette ONeill gavea maths21to ourclass.When thepapers were22she discoveredthat twelve boyshad madeexactly the23mistakes throughoutthe test.There isnothing reallynew about24in exams.Perhaps thatwas25Mrs ONeill didn t evensay awordabout it.She onlyasked the twelve boysto26after class.Iwasone ofthetwelve.Mrs ONeill asked27questions,and shedidnt28us either.Instead,she wroteontheblackboardthe29words byThomas Macaulay.She thenordered usto copythese wordsinto ourexercise-books onehundredtimes.I dont knowabouttheother elevenboys.Speaking for30I cansay itwasthemost importantsingle31ofmylife.Thirty yearsafter beingintroduced toMacaulay swords,they32seem tome thebest yardstick（准绳），because theygive usa33to measureourselves ratherthan others.34of us are askedto make35decisions aboutnations going to waror armiesgoingtobattle.Butall ofusarecalled36daily tomakeagreat manypersonal decisions.Should the wallet,37inthestreet,be putintoapocket or38tothepoliceman Shouldthe39change receivedatthestore beforgotten or40Nobody willknow exceptyou.But youhavetolive withyourself,anditis alwaysbetter tolivewith someoneyourespect.
21.A.paper B.question C.test D.problem
22.A.marked B.completed C.examined D.answered
23.A.easy B.same C.funny D.serious
24.A.lying B.discussing C.guessing D.cheating
25.A.because B.when C.why D.how
26.A.remain B.apologize C.come D.leave
27.A.many B.certain C.no D.more
28.A.excuse B.reject C.help D.scold
29.A.above B.common C.following D.unusual
30.A.herself B.ourselves C.themselvesD.myself
31.A.chance B.incident C.lesson D.memory
32.A.still B.even C.always D.almost
33.A.reason B.sentence C.choice D.way
34.A.All B.Few C.Some D.None
35.A.quick B.wise C.great D.personal
36.A.upon B.outC.for D.up
37.A.finding B.found C.find D.founded
38.A.turned upB.turned onC.turned overD.turned back
39.A.small B.extra C.some D.necessary
40.A.paid B.remembered C.shared D.returned【答案】
21.C
22.A
23.B
24.D
25.C
26.A
27.C
28.D
29.
30.D
31.C
32.A33I
34.B
35.C
36.A
37.B
38.C
39.B
40.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇故事类阅读文章主要讲了衡量一个人的真正品质，要看他在知道永远也不会被人发现的情况下做些什么，这是Thomas Macaulay的名言在文中作者通过回忆自己上学的时候，作弊被罚抄的经历说明了人应该要诚实【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析句意一天，纳内特•奥尼尔夫人给我们班考数学A.paper纸；B.question问题;C.test测试；D.problem难题根据第一段中的test一词，再则文章中出现了papers,mistakes,exams等词，作者们也不难排除其它三项而推出答案为test故选C【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意当试卷被批改时，她发现有12个男孩在整个考试中都犯了同样的错误A.marked表示，做记号，打分数；B.completed完成；C.examined检查；D.answered回答常识运用逻辑推理词义比较同学们被检查examined,试卷被回答answered,考试结束completed,老师批阅marked完试卷后才能发现问题故选A【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析句意当试卷被批改时，她发现有12个男孩在整个考试中都犯了同样的错误A.easy容易的；B.same相同的；C.funny好笑的；D.serious严肃的，认真的根据“twelveboyshad madeexactly和mistakes throughoutthe test.”可知,12个男孩犯的错误“相同”故选B【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意考试作弊并不是什么新鲜事A.lying躺；B.discussing讨论；C.guessing猜测；D.cheating欺骗根据There isnothing reallynew about和in exams.可知，在考试中“作弊”不是新鲜事故选D【25题详解】考查表语从句句意也许这就是为什么奥尼尔太太对这件事只字不提A.because因为；B.when当……时候；C.why为什么；D.how如何此处是why引导的表语从句，故选C【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意她只要求那十二个男孩下课后留下来A.remain保持，逗留；B.apologize道歉；C.come来；D.leave离开根据第6空后的after class可知，课后12个男孩“留下来”故选Ao[27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析句意奥尼尔太太什么也没问，也没骂我们A.many许多的；B.certain必然的；C.no没有；D.more更多的前后照应语句连贯此句与后句是并列关系，后句的否定及句中的either决定了此空必须填no故选C[28题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意奥尼尔太太什么也没问，也没骂我们A.excuse原谅；B.reject拒绝；C.help帮助；D.scold责骂根据常识，学生犯错误，老师要批评的可Mrs TNeill本应该却没问任何问题也没有训斥作者们故选D【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析句意相反，她在黑板上写下了托马斯•麦考利的上述文字A.above上述的；B.common共同的，普通的；C.following下面的；D.unusual不寻常的前后照应，文章引用的置于文章上述的above麦考莱的名言衡量一个人真正的为人，要看他在知道永远也不会被人发现的情况下做些什么故选A【30题详解】考查反身代词句意就我自己而言，我可以说这是我一生中最重要的一课A.herself她自己；B.ourselves我们自己；C.themselves他们自己；D.myself我自己前句提到其他孩子，本句是说自己myself speakforooneself陈述某人的看法，为自己辩护，发表个人意见，说自己的事，此处指〃就作者自己来看法故选D【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析句意就我自己而言，我可以说这是我一生中最重要的一课A.chance机会；B.incident事件；C.lesson教训，课；D.memory记忆就作者自己而言，作者可以说，这件事也许是偶然chance的，当然是一个事件incident,作者会很久的记住memoiy,它对作者的一生教育作用最大,实为最重要的唯一的一次教训lesson故选C[32题详解】考查副词词义辨析句意在被介绍给麦考利的话30年后，在我看来，这些话仍然是最好的衡量标准，因为它们给了我们一种衡量自己而非他人的方式A.still仍然；B.even甚至；C.always总是；D.almost几乎，差不多三十年过去了，这句话今天仍然still是作者行为的准绳even甚至，表示过分情况；still依然，仍旧，表示原有情况不变地存在/保持的状态；always总是，永远，始终，表示一直不变的状态；almost几乎，差不多，表示接近的情况故选A[33题详解】考查名词词义辨析句意在被介绍给麦考利的话30年后，在我看来，这些话仍然是最好的衡量标准，因为它们给了我们一种衡量自己而非他人的方法A.reason理由；B.sentence句子；C.choice选择；D.way方式，方法，道路麦考莱的名言给了作者衡量自己而不是别人的方法故选D【34题详解】考查不定代词句意我们很少有人被要求就国家参战或军队参战做出重大决定A.All所有；B.Few很少；C.Some有些；D.None没有人国家参战，士兵出征这些不是你作者决定的也就是说，作者们当中很少有人few作出这样的决定这些都是大人物的事情注意后句中的But的转折意义，与all ofus相对，此空应填Few故选B【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析句意我们很少有人被要求就国家参战或军队参战做出重大决定A.quick快的；B.wise明智的；C.great伟大的；D.personal个人的根据常识，国家宣战，军队参战都是大事情作者们当中很少有人被要求个人作出像参加战争这样大great的决定“make great/quick/wise/personal decisions作出伟大/快速/英明/个人的决定”故选C【36题详解】考查动词词组句意但我们所有人每天都被要求做出许多个人决定A.call upon号召，拜访；B.callout喊出；C.call for需要，要求；D.call up打电话，回忆起作者们每天被要求得作出许多个人的决定call upon号召，拜访，call uponsb todosth号召/耍求某人做某事而call out出动，唤起，大声叫唤；call for要求，提倡，为叫喊，虽有〃要求〃的意思，但不能与不定式构成复合结构；call up召唤，使想起，提出，打电话给故选A[37题详解】考查过去分词句意在街上捡到的钱包是应该放在口袋里还是交给警察此处thewallet和find之间是一种被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语故选B[38题详解】考查动词短语句意在街上捡到的钱包是应该放在口袋里还是交给警察A.turned up调高，出现；B.。
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