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高考高频词汇讲解
35007、复数1climate n.climates)气候1塞浦路斯闷热潮湿的气彳聂the hotand humidclimate ofCyprus)潮流;氛围;风气2In thepresent economicclimate moreprogress maybe madethan before.在目前的经济形势下,可能会取得比以往更大的进步同义词辨析这两个名词都有“天气,气候”之意climate,weather指某一地区常年的气候情况,包括气温、降雨量还可用作比喻climate:指某地区具体的短时间内的天气,包括晴雨寒暖等情况weather:、复数2personality n.personalities)人格;个性;性格1She hassuch akind,friendly personality.她性格亲切友善)名人2电视名人television personalities)特色;特征;独特氛围3四川There aremany placeswhich havestrong personalitiesof theirown inSichuan.有很有鲜明特色的地方词根.个人的;身体的;亲自的personal adjThatsmy personalopinion.这是我的个人意见、3fame n./vt.复数n.fames名声;名气;声誉;名誉以某事物闻名fhme assthHe firstfound fame as achildrens writer.他是以童作家开始名的J Lis为某人赢得名誉这部The filmearned himinternational fhme.sth,earn sb.fhme电影为他赢得了国际声望同义词辨析这些名词均有“名声,名誉”之意fame,reputation,glory普通用词,含义广,一般指好名声,可大可小,可远可近fame:reputation:通常指熟悉某人或某地的人对该人、该地的看法,可好可坏指因功glory:绩卓著而获得的令人称颂的光荣或荣誉地位、4promise vt./vi./n.)l vt.promised promisedpromising promises
①保证;允诺;答应The leadershave promiseda returnto fulldemocracy.领导人已经承诺要回归完全的民主答应做某事to promiseto dosth我答应周六带孩子们去游乐场I promised to takemy childrento thefunfair onSaturday.向某人保证,to promisesb that...・・He promisedhis motherthat hewould write.他向妈妈保证说会写信
②将…许配;为…订婚被许配给某人;与某人订婚to bepromisedtosbFm promisedto Bill.我和比尔订了婚
③答应给予;承诺给予;保证让…得到答应给某人某物to promisesth tosb Ito promisesb sthFvepromised thispicture tomy son.我已经答应把这幅画送给我的儿子有可能;有指望;有前途2vi.可能是•;有希望是•一to promiseto besth・・The seminaralso promisesto bemost instructive.这次研讨会可能会颇具启发性复数3n.promises诺言;承诺;保证许下诺言to makea promiseIfyou makea promise,you shouldkeep it.如果做出了承诺,就应该遵守向某人保证to makesb a promiseHe mademea promise.他向我保证过的保证去做某事to makea promiseto dosthHe madeapromisenever todo itagain.他保证再也不这么做了一违背诺言to breakapromise这不是他第一次违背不喝It wasntthe firsttime hedbroken apromise notto getdrunk.醉酒的诺言了遵守诺言to keepyoui promise她遵守诺言,再也没有提及She kepther promiseand neversaid anotherword aboutit.此事、复数5graduation n.graduations毕业1After graduationhe joineda smalllaw firm.毕业后他进了一家小型律师事务所仪器或容器上的刻度,分度,刻度线,分度线2medicine bottleswith graduationsonthem带刻度线的药瓶同根词毕业graduate v.Which schooldid yougraduate from研究生;毕业生n.He wasmy graduateassistant.、6surface n./vi./vt./adj.ln.
①表面;表层The roadsurface hasstarted breakingup.路面已经开始开裂了
②工作台;桌面;操作台It cansimply beleft on the worksurface.只要将其放在操作台上就可以了
③外表;表象;表面使••表现出来;使,•浮现to bringsth to the surface・・Its broughtto thesurface amuch widercontroversy.这件事引发了一场更加广泛的争论词组看来;外表上;表面上onthesurfaceHis jobwas notas enviableas itappeared onth surface.他的工作并不像看起来那样令人羡慕2vi.
①升到水面He surfaced,gasping forair.他浮出水面,大口呼吸着
②公开化;暴露The emotionswill surfaceat somepoint inlife.各种情绪都会在生活中的某个时刻流露出来对…进行表面处理;使光滑3vt.The roadsused to be invery poorcondition untilthey surfacedthem.这些道路一度路况很差,直到他们重新铺设了路面、7voyage n./vi./vt./ln.航海;航行,航天by seain space,journey9the firstspace shuttlevoyage to be devotedentirely toastronomy.首次完全以天文研究为目的的航天飞行2vi./vt
①航行;旅行vi.The Greenpeaceflagship isvoyaging throughthe BarentsSea.绿色和平组织的旗舰正在穿越巴伦支海航行
②穿越;航行穿过vt.同根词3航海者,航行者voyager n.fifteenth-century voyagersto thelands nowcalled Americaand theCaribbean在世纪到达今天称甘美洲和加勒比地区的航海家们
15、缩写为或8possession n.poss.poss拥有物;所有物;财产ln.thingThey lostall theirpossessions in the earthquake.他们在地震中失去了全部财产正式拥有某物2possession ofsthstate ofhaving
①possession ofa passport持有护照
②持有某物;拥有某物to bein possession of sthThepolice arenow inpossessionofnew evidence.警方现在掌握了新的证据同根词3possessive
①占有的;所有的;所有格的;占有欲强的adj.She becameincreasingly possessiveand jealous.她的占有欲和忌妒心变得越来越强独占某物possessive aboutsthMy daughterbecomes verypossessive abouttoys whenother childrencome toour house.当别的孩子来我们家时,我女儿就一个人占着玩具,不让别人玩
②所有格n.She becameincreasingly possessiveand jealous.她的占有欲和忌妒心变得越来越强、9paragraph n./vt./文章的段,段落,节ln./subsection Paragraph81sets outthe rulesthat shouldapply ifa giftis accepted.第节列出了接受礼物后应该遵循咆规定81将…分成段落2vt./form paragraphsRemember toparagraph yourtext.别忘了将文字分段同根词3短评己者Paragrapher n.t10location n./地点;位置;场所1siteThe paperis printedat asecret locationin theoutskirts ofLagos.这份报纸是在拉各斯郊外的一个秘密场所印刷的确切位置;所处地点2whereabouts Neitherthe farmer^name northe exactlocation of the findhas beenmade public.无论是这位农夫的名字,还是该发现的确切位置,都没有公之于众外景拍摄;现场拍摄on location、11percent n./adv./adj./百分之一;百分比;百分率ln.number outof100一What markdid youget inyour mathsexam72percent.你数学考了多少分?一一分72百分之…的;每一百中有…的2adj.We!re probablylooking atabout10per centunemployment.我们可能要面临大约的失业率10%)以百分之…地;每一百中有…地3adv.They predictthat houseprices willfall5per centover theyear.他们预测本年度房价将下跌5%)同根词
4.百分率的;按百等分排列的percentile adjShesays blackswho identifywith theDemocratic Partyhave fallenfrom the90thpercentile downto around70percent.她说黑人中支持民主党的人数比例从百分之九十下降到大约百分之
七十、复数12wedding n.weddings)结婚;婚礼1Most Britonswant atraditional wedding.大多数英国人都想举行传统婚礼)结合;混合2a weddingof lightand speedand fear集灯光、速度、恐惧三者为一体词根过去式或过去分词或现在分词wed vi./vt.wedded wedwedded wedweddingYou aremy life,my love,my bestfriend andwith thisring Iwed.你是我的生活,我的最爱,我最好的朋友由着这枚戒指,我嫁你为妻同义词辨析普通用词,指婚礼上的结婚仪式以及随之而来的庆祝活动普通wedding:marriage:用词,含义广,指婚烟关系及婚后生活,也可指结婚仪式复数13relation n.relations)(事物之间的)联系,关系,关联1与无关与•一没有联系to bearno relation to sth…;The interpretationbore norelationto the actualwords spoken.这一阐释与实际所说的话没有关联)亲戚;亲属2Hes adistant relation.他是一位远亲词组与-•,相比较;相对-•而言in relationto sth・Wages arevery lowin relationtothecost ofliving.相对于生活成本而言,工资算是很低的派生词相对的;有关系的;成比例的relative adj.The fightingresumed aftera periodof relativecalm.战斗在一段相对的平静之后重新开始.有关系的,有关联的related adj一位发言人坚称这两起事A spokesmaninsisted thetwo eventswere inno wayrelated件“绝无关联”、复数14conference n.conferences)(尤指有正式日程安排的)会议,协商会,讨论会1The Churchheld aconference,attended by450delegates.教会举行了一次会议,有名代表出席450国家或政治团体等之间的会谈,商谈,讨论2在会谈tobein confbienceHewas inconference withtwo lawyersand didnot wanttobeinterrupted.他正和两位律师商谈,不希望被打断词根协商授予;给予协商;confer vi./vt.conferred conferredconferring conferwith交换意见Whafs morecommon isfbr CEOsto findone confidanteto conferwith whousually isntadirect report.更常见的是公司首席执行长找一个可以直言的人来交换意见,这个人通常不是他的手下__授给授予confbi onsb.sth,vt.人人期Everyone expectsthe NewYear toconfer onhim peace,happiness andprosperity.望新年带来平安,带来幸福,带来兴旺发达15export n./vi./vt.复数ln.exports
①出口;输出为了出口for exportTheygrow cottonand bananasfor export.他们种植棉花和香蕉以供出口2vt.exported exportedexporting exports
①出口;输出Africa isexporting beefto Europe.非洲在向欧洲出口牛肉
②传播抽象意义Europeans nowexport theirvalues toall partsofthe world.欧洲人现在把他们的价值观念传播到了世界各个角落3vi.出口;输出物资To earnforeign exchangewe mustexport.要想获得外汇,我们必须出口反义词进口.具有重要性import n./vt.vi复数ln.imports
①进口的货物;输入的劳务farmers protestingabout cheapimports反对廉价进口商品的农民
②意义;重要性Who leadsCanada isalso ofsome importtotherest oftheworld.由谁来领导加拿大对世界上的其他国家也具有重大意义2vt.imported importedimporting imports
①进口;输入Even thesmallest pieceof machineryis imported.甚至连最小的机器也是进口的
②导入You canimport filesfrom MicrosoftWord orMacWrite.你可以从微软(文字处理软件)或苹果(文字编辑软件)导入文Word MacWrite件We importan incredibleamount ofcheese fromthe Continent.我们从欧洲大陆进口数量惊人的奶酪、复数16region n.regions)地区1a remotemountainous region of Afghanistan阿富汗偏远的山区)行政区2Unrest hasspread toneighboring regions.动荡局面扩散到了周围的行政区)身体的)部位,区3the frontalregion ofthe brain脑前区常用词组在•••左右;接近••inthe regionofsth・It willcost intheregionof sixmillion pounds.它将花费万英镑左右600派生词.地区的;局部的;整个地区的regional adjHowdo theycomprehend thesepatterns ona regionaland globallevel他们如何理解在区域和全球层面上研究这些模式?同义词辨析普通用词,常指地球上、大气中具有自然分界线的区域,特指按照气候、人region:体或其他特征鲜明、自成一体的地区普通用词,指整体中较大的,界线不分明的一部分area:17produce vt./n.)l vt.produced producedproducing produces
①出产;生产,发;产生The fieldproduces athird ofthe nation!s oil.该油田生产该国三分之一的石油
②产生;生成,做;烹调结籽to produce seedThese plantsare thenpollinated andallowed tomature andproduceseed.然后,这些植物就被授粉,从而成熟结籽
③生产;制造The companyproduces componentsfor theaerospace industry.该公司为航空航天业生产元器件)(统称)农产品2n.We manageto getmost ofour producein Britain.我们设法在英国搞到了大部分农产品产品;制品product n.尽量以最低的价格买到最好的产品Try toget thebest productat thelowest price.复数)产生;形成;生成production n.productions1这些蛋白质刺激血细胞的产生These proteinsstimulate theproduction ofblood cells.)产量;生产率2两年来,工业生产下降了Industrial productionhas fallenby20%over twoyears.20%同义词辨析这些名词均含有“产品,制品”之意多指农produce,product,production produce:产品(尤指蔬菜水果等)一般指工业产品,也可泛指各种各样的产品product:含义广泛,不同场合有不同的意思,可表示“产品,产物”,尤指人类production:智力或艺术劳动的产品、复数18protection n.protections)保护;防护1针对…的保护;针对…的防护protection fromsth|protection against sth Thediet mayofferprotection againstcancer.这种膳食可以抗癌)处于某人的保护之下2be undersbs protectionI placedmyself underhis protection.我将自己置于他的保护之下)保险范围;承保范围3这The newpolicy isbelieved tobe thefirst schemeto offerprotection againstan illness.份新保险单被认为是首个承保疾病风险的保险方案词根保护;投保protect v.保护••免受•to protectsb/sth firom/againststh・・・She hadhis umbrellato protecther from她有他的伞来挡雨the rain.保护某人不受某人的伤害to protectsb sb它寻求禁制令以保护女It soughtan injunctionin orderto protectwomen fromthis man.人免受这个男人的伤害动词加变成名词-tion)动词本身以结尾)以结尾的动1t+ion attractionaction connectioninvention2te词,去再加e-ion pullutc-pollution donatc-donation cducatc-cducation opcratc-opcration)元音+辅音结尾的动词去再加3+e e-ation invite-invitation organize-organization、复数realize-realization19technique n.techniques)工艺;技术1tests performedusing anew technique用新技术进行的试验)技艺;技能;技巧2the bandslack oftechnique乐队在技巧方面的欠缺派生词.工艺的,科技的;技术上的;专门的technical adj[比较级最高级more technicalmost technical]为了达In orderto reachthis limita numberof technicalproblems willhave tobe solved.到这个限度,有许多技术问题得解决.技术的;工艺的technological adj一个技术飞速变革的时代an eraof veryrapid technologicalchange.辨析是“工艺的”“技巧的”(与实际工作有关)如technical technicalreasons/problems技术上的原因/问题是“工业技术的”“科技的”(与发明有关)如technological technological技术性的突破/科技进步breakthrough/advance/progress、见的反义词2015export。