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主谓一致主谓一致指句子的谓语受主语支配,随着主语单复数形式的变化而变化
一、三个原则意义一致根据句子主语的含义(单复数意义)来确定谓语动词的变化
1.The professorand writeris isinvited tomany universitiesto givelectures.The policeare tryingto searchfor thethief onthe hill.语法一致语法形式上保持一致,即单数主语要用单数谓语动词,复数主语要用复数谓语动
2.词,不可数名词作主语时,谓语用单数形式My bikeis underthe tree.These booksare old.就近原则主语由两个或两个以上的名词或代词构成,谓语动词的单复数形式应与紧邻的名
3.词或代词保持一致Either myfather orbrother iscoming.Not onlyyou but also theyare goodstudents.
二、并列结构作主语、由或连接两个名词、代词作主语,表示不同的人或事物时,句子的谓语用复1and both…and数在意义上指同一人、同一物或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数John andMike aregood friends.The famoussinger anddancer iscoming toChongqing.、做主语时谓语用单数2every....and every,each...and each...,no....and no....Each boyand eachgirl hasbeen invitedto theparty.、、句型谓语就近3not....but,not only...butalso...,or,either....or,neither...nor,there beHere be原则Neither younor Iam fitfor thework.There isa pen,a pencil,a knifeand threebooks onthe desk.Here aresome flowersand acard.
三、单一主语由一个中心词或短语充当的主语不定代词作主语:当作主语的名词前有修饰或作主语时,谓语
1.each,neither,either,every each,neither,either动词用单数当复合不定彳弋词
2.someone,anyone,somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody,something,等作主语时,谓语动词用单数anything,nothing,everything作主语,指代可数名词复数,谓语用复数;指代不可数名词,谓语用单数
3.allAll isgoing onvery well.All arepresent atthe meeting.可数名词复数或复数代词作主语时,谓语单复数皆可
4.Either/neitherof+集体名词作主语有些集体名词谓语动词的单复数形式取决于其表示的具体含义,作为一个整体看待时,谓语
1.动词用单数形式;如果指的是具体成员,则谓语动词用复数形式如I audience,class,club,committee,company,family,government,group,team貌似复数形式的名词作主语国名、人名、书名、报刊名、组织机构等专有名词作主语时,即使其形式上是复数,谓语动
1.词也要用单数The UnitedStates liesto theeast ofChina.以结尾的学科名词,如等和以结尾的抽象名词,如等
2.-s maths,physics,politics-s news,plastics作主语时,谓语动词要用单数.单复数形式相同的名词,如等作主语时,谓语动词的单复数由3Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer名词前的修饰语,根据具体情况而定表数量概念的词或短语作主语表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数名词作主语时,通常看作整体,谓语动词用单数
1.Ten yearshas passedquickly.Ten dollarsis enough.可数单数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数;作
2.many a/more than one+more…than one主语时,谓语用复数There ismore thanone answer.More membersthanoneare againstthe proposal.Many astudent haspassed theexam.短语作主语时,根据主语指代的单复数意义而定
3.the rest/majority/part of..The restof thebikes areon sale.He spentsome of the moneyon anew phoneand therest wassaved.有量词修饰的名词作主语时,根据量词的单复数确地谓语动词的单复数
4.The twopairs ofglasses aremine
5.”a numberof+名词复数”表示“许多的”,其后的谓语动词用复数;nthe numberof+名词复数”表示”……的数量”,其中心词为故谓语动词用单数number,只修饰可数名词的词作主语或修饰名词作主语时,谓语用复数
6.Few,a few,several,many,acouple of,a great/good many只修饰不可数名词的词作主语或修饰名词作主语时,谓语用单数Little,a little,a bitof,much,alarge amountof,a good/great dealof两者都可修饰的词作主语或修饰名词作主语时,根据指代或修饰的词决定Some,a lotof,plenty等of,most,all分数、百分数作主语时,根据被指代的词的单复数决定
7.About50%oftheland issuitable togrow plants.动名词、不定式和从句作主语:动名词、不定式作主语时,谓语一般用单数Doing morningexercises isgood foryour body.To playwith firenear agas stationis verydangerous.从句作主语时,一般用单数,引导的从句作主语时,谓语动词要根据从句的意义决定what(笼统指人的行为,单数概念)What hesays andacts doesnot concernme.(指说的话和做的事,复数概念)What hesays andacts donot agree其他情况主语后跟表示和…/除…外’等意义的短语,如aswellas,with,along with,together with,except,等短语作主语时,谓语动词的形式应和介词短语前的名词或代词的人称but,besides,rather than和数保持一致She aswell asother studentslikes playingcomputer games.,他正和他的父母在地里干活He withhis parentsis workingin thefields。