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考向不怎么考查算数的“数词”04数词在高考中的考点并不多,主要涉及到基数词、序数词,基序数词的准换和特殊用法,以及有数词参与的语法结构中结合冠词等考查我们在这一小节会全面讲解,同时,一些常用的数词表达也会为大家在最后附表总结知识点基数词1表示数量的词叫基数词的基数词是独立单词;的基数词都是以结尾的,要注意1—1213—19-teen thirteen,fifteen,的拼法稍有不同;的十位数,以后缀结尾,要注意的特殊点如下表eighteen20―90-ty twenty,thirty,fifty,eighty百、千、百万、十亿1—1213—1920—90一一一1one11eleven20twenty100―a hundred一2two12—twelve30^thirty1,000—a thousand一3three13—thirteen40—forty1,000,000―a million一一4four14—fourteen50-fifty1,000,000,000一一(美)]5fifteen60sixty abillion一一一(英)6six16sixteen70seventy athousand million一一一7seven17seventeen80eighy一一8eight18—eighteen90niney9—nine19—nineteen10—ten.【考查点工基数词的读法1)三位数的读法:第一个数字+后面的一位或两位数字1hundred+and+如:107—one hundredand seven;765—seven hundredand sixty-five o)以上的数的读法:先从后向前数,每三位数加一个逗号,第一个逗号前的数字用(千),第二个21,000thousand逗号前的数字用(百万),用”几十表示几万,以几百表示几十万“,用”几million thousandthousand”十表示几千万,用几百表示“几亿“如million million”:13,789,653―thirteen millionseven hundred附表不定数量词“多”的表示法列表3被修饰名词的数英语表达汉译修饰可数名词几
十、许多dozens of许多scores of饰单数可数many,a goodgreatmany,many a许多、大量名词数以百计hundreds of成千上万thousands ofthousands uponthousands of数百万millions of亿万billions ofmuch,a greatgooddeal of,修饰不可数名词许多、大量a largeamount of,large amounts ofa lotof/lots of,plenty of,a largequantity修饰可数名词或不可数许多、大量of,名词large quantitiesofand eighty-nine thousandsix hundredand fifty-three
0.【考查点工数词的复数形式2)表示几十岁时如“二十多岁”说表示的是岁到岁依次类推,表示“三十几岁”,1twenties,2029thirties forties表示四十几岁但“十几岁”不可说而要说指岁至岁,,基数词复数”也是一个比tens,teens,1319in ones+较重要的知识点形式如He diedin histhirties.She isin herteens.)表示几十年代时,如“二十世纪八十年代”写成或均读作指的是至21980s19801,nineteen eighties,19801989年这十年间,需注意的是,年代用文字表示时则不可用」形式如sGreat changestook placein the1970s.History hasentered theeighties.)表示不确定数目时,这时要在等词后力口上并与连用,表示大约多至“数以3million,thousand,hundred-sof计”,但等前不能再加基数词,却可加等表示不确定数目的修饰语,而millions ofsome,several million,thousand,等词前面有数字时,就不能再加也不能加如hundred-s,ofMillions ofother starsare evenbigger andbrighter thanthe sun.Some hundredsof newbuildings havebeen putup herethis year.There aretwo thousandstudents inmy school.)当基数词用作可数名词或用于某些固定词组中时,也要用复数如4里面有多少个How manysevens arethere inforty-nine497他们三三两两的来了They arrivedby twosand threes.请等一下,我马上就来Wait aminute.ril befinished intwo twos..【考查点工数词和名词单数一起作定语,中间用连字符连接3一个七岁的女孩a seven-year-old girl一篇千字的文章a two-thousand-word article
2.【考查点工当基数词和序数词同时修饰一个名词时,序数词一般放在基数词前;但如果序数词充当描绘性修4饰时,则放在基数词后他是前五名的学生之一He isone of the firstfive students.他获得三次第一名He wonthree firstprizes.知识点序数词2表示数目顺序的词叫序数词序数词的构成规则,如下表:范围特点实例特殊情况1-19基数词词尾加th fourth,sixth,seventh第
一、第二和第三的序数词分别是和first,second third;eight在变为时少了一个字母eighth;在变为时去掉了一t nineninth个字母以结尾的基数“e”;“ve”词变序数词时,须将改为“ve”然后再加“th”five-fifth,一twelve twelfth20,30,--90各十位数字变y为后加i th一twenty—twentieth,thirty一thirtieth sixty-nine sixty-ninth21-29只须变个位的基数一twenty-tw twenty-second31—39词为序数词forty-four—fbrty-fourth91-99sixty-nine—sixty-ninth我们可以按照一个简单的口诀进行基数词和序数词转换的记忆;特别记1,2,3(这三个词变化没有规律,需要单独记)one-first,two-second,three-third力口去8h9e(直接加需要去再加)eight-eighth,nine-ninth,eight h,nine eth要用替ve f(主要是和变成再加)five twelve,ve f,th,five-fifth,twelve-twelfth见变再加y ie,th(主要是针对整十数,例如)twenty-twentieth要变几十几,只变各位就可以(变成第几十几,不用管十位,只变个位上的数就可以,例如)不在口诀内的部分,只twenty-one--twenty-first需要在基数词后面加就可以th【考查点】序数词前是需要加定冠词的,但也有不用定冠词的情况the)表示顺序的语气很弱,具有“又一”、“再一”的意思时,其前要用不定冠词,不用定冠词如:1LHe castthenet asecond time.
2.A thirdbullet passed.)序数词前己有指示代词、物主代词、名词所有格或时,不用定冠词如2everyLHe madehis firstset inan oldbox.
2.Berlin in1929held apublic celebrationon Einstein9s fiftiethbirthday.)在表示分数的序数词前不用定冠词如3From thenon Bashitoured three-fourths ofBeijing.Two-thirds ofthe areais covered by trees.)数词与名词构成复合名词时,不用定冠词如4There isa first-class hotelover there.He wentto asecond-hand bookshop.)序数词用作副词时,不用定冠词如5Why didthe captainfirst hesitatein lettingthe boyrisk climbingthe treeFirstcome,first served.)在一些由序数词构成的固定词组里不用定冠词如
61.at first
2.first of all
3.from firstto last知识点数词的功能3【考查点】序号表示法L()事物名词的序号表达法有什所不同2
①对于一些小序号可有序数词也可用基数词表达.形式分别为序数词+名词;名词+基数词the+如第一次世界大战可以表示为或the FirstWorld WarWorld WarOne
②对于一些大序号我们通常只用一种表达法,即名词+数词如号房间表示为路公共汽车表示为501Room501,538Bus538
③可用基数词+名词a/the+number+如一辆五路公共汽车,那辆路公共汽车a No.5bus theNo.8bus
8.【考查点】倍数的表达方式2一般情况下我们用以下四种倍数表达方式倍数用在形容词/副词原级+结构之前如1as+asThey havethree timesas manycows aswe do.倍数放在形容词或副词的比较级之前或倍数用在比较级之后如2by+This ropeis fourtimes longerthan that one.They producedmore productsin2001than thosein2000by twice.倍数用在表示度量名词前,其基本结构为倍数表示比较对象的名词,3+the+size/length/weight...+of+也可用于倍数引导的从句中如+whatThis roomis three times thesize ofthatone.The collegeis twicewhat itwas5years age.You cantimagine thatrats eat40to50times theirweight.主语+谓语+倍数分数+形容词副词比较级+…例如4thanThe grainoutput is8percent higherthis yearthan thatof lastyear.今年比去年粮食产量增加8%o.【考查点】大约数的表示方法3用、、、等数词的复数后加短语来表示几
十、几百、上千、成千1ten dozen score hundred thousand millionof上万等大约数概念如The littleboy buysdozens ofpencils everyterm.Thousands of people diedin the earthquake.Every yeartens ofthousands ofpeople goto workin GuangdongProvince.用、等来表示小于或接近某数目如2less thanunder belowalmost nearlyup toHeis goodat English,so hecan finishthe paperin less than twohours.用、等来表示超过或多于某个数目如3morethan overabovebeyondor morePekingUniversity hasa historyof more than100years.用、等表示在某一数目左右如4or or so aboutaround somemore or lessAbout50people werepresent atthat time.用、表示介于两数词如5to from...to...between...andHis salaryrises from20dollars aweek to35dollars aweek.注意事项、作数词表示确切数量时,不用复数如6dozenscorehundredthousandmillion three score,five等dozen,seven million.【考查点】分数的表达方式4分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于时,分母用复数如三分之一,七分之11one-third three-sevenths三分子与分母之间加分子在前,分母在后,分子分母都用基数词如十分之一,八分2in,one inten fivein eight之五分子与分母之间加分子在前,分母在后,分子分母都用基数词如十分之一,3out of,one outof tenfive out八分之五of eight.【考查点】百分数的表示法5表示百分数直接将数词放在单词前面即可,如百分之二十1percent twentypercent分数和百分数后面不能直接接名词或代词,而用以下形式分数/百分数+冠词/限定词+名词/代词,其2+of谓语动词与后的名词在人称和数上保持一致,如ofTwo-thirds ofthe moneywas spenton food.About seventypercent oftheearthsurface iscoveredbywater..【考查点】小数的表示法6小数的表示法,小数点前的总值发同其他数词一样,小数点用叫小数点后面的数读成个位数,如表示poi
9.65为表示为nine pointsix five
218.39two hundredand eighteenpoint threenine知识点二十,打;十二个的用法4score dozen当与基数词或等连用时,不加,所修饰的名词前常省去但是,在1dozen many,several“-s”ofadozen of these people,等短语中应加这是因为习惯上在等词前该用的缘故two dozen of themofthese,those,us dozenof两打书两打打铅笔two dozenbooks twomany,severaldozen pencilsJ L是“若干打的人几十个人,许多人some dozenpeople意为“二十”中应加但人”中不加2score twoscore ofpeople of,threescoreand tenpeople,“70of scores of意为“许多人工上述这两个词的复数形式与连用时,表示不确切的数量,意为“许多……”,大量people of的\如:好几十年以来许多年前许多次fbr dozens of yearsscores ofyears agoscoresoftimes课堂例题【彳列题11people inthe worldare sendinginformation byE-mail everyday.A.Several millionB.Many millionsC.Several millionsD.Many million【答案】本题考查的是表示确切数量的用法前需用数表确切数量,而不用这类词,A millionmillion many但可说川(上百万的),故本题中用many mions ofSeveral million【彳列题】2The number ofpeopleinvited fifty,but a number ofthem absentfbr differentreasons.A.were;was B.was;was C.was;were D.were;were【答案】本题考查的是名词与+名词作主语时谓语的单复数问题C thenumberof+anumberofthenumberof是“……的数目,作主语时谓语动词用单数,而后接可数名词的复数形式,作主语时谓语动词用复anumberof数形式,故此题最佳选项为C【彳列题】3Shortly afterthe accident,two policewere sentto thesport tokeep order.A.dozensofB.dozens C.dozen D.dozenof【答案】此题考查的是数词表示确切数量时的用法,表示确切数量时用其单数形式,当的C dozendozen dozens复数后接时则表示不确切数量,本题答案为f C【彳列题】4It tookus quitea longtime toget here.It wasjourney.B.a threehourC.a three-hour D.three hours【答案】该题考查数词加名词构成的合成词的用法中间需加连字符左前置定语,可数C three-hour journey需加不定冠词题意用了很长时间才到那里那是三个小时的旅程a[彳列题5]The houserent isexpensive,Ive gotabout halfthe spaceI hadat homeand Impaying here.A.as three times muchB.as muchthree timesC.much asthreetimesD.threetimesas much【答案】考查倍数的表达方式,在表达倍数时,倍数都应位于原级或比较级之前,因此正确D D附表英语中年月日、点钟、序数词、分数词、算式列表1示例英语表示法
2001.
6.30June30,200130June,200130thJune,2001725seven twenty-five twenty-five pasteven12:54twelve fiftyfour sixto one9:15nine fifteena quarterpast nine2:30two thirtyhalf pasttwo21:50twenty-one fifty9:50p.m.第21twenty-first第123one hundredand twenty-third1a half2工2two andtwo-fifths520%20per cent20percent第七路公共汽车Bus NumberSeven第房间201Room201人民路号153153Renmin Road4+8=12Four pluseight istwelve11-7=4Eleven minusseven is four.6x5=30Six timesfive isthirty.20+5=4twenty dividedby fiveisfour.AB Ais morethan B.AB Ais less than B.(近似地,大约)A=B Ais approximatelyequals toB.A^B Ais notequal toB.附表约数表示法列表2含义英语表达例句大于某数morethanHe haslived herefbr morethan twentyyears.over sheis overfifty.or moreTherefre thirtypeople ormore inthe meeting-room.小于某数lessthanI havelessthannot morethan fifty dollars.under Childrenunder sevenare notallowed toenter.below Hewould notsell itfbr belowa hundredfiftydollars.orlessThe coatmight costhim sixtydollars orless.大约(某数)nearly Sheis nearlyfifty now.almost Itsalmost threeoclock.up toUp toten mencan sleepin thistent.or Hespent fouror fivedays writingthe article.orsoThe distanceis twentymiles orso.about Ivisited thatvillage aboutthree yearsago.some Theirteam hassome fouror fiveplayers.。