文本内容:
山市市长并率先进行转型的Mori Masashi就该计划举行了数百次市政厅讨论“我不得不说服人们思考未来30年的生活,”他解释道他还四处旅行,向阿姆斯特丹和波特兰等遥远城市学习
[5]Thoughtful designhelped.The newlight railhas carriagesthat alignflush withstation platforms,eliminatingthe stepsthat cantrip upelderly riders.Lest youngstersfeel leftout,the cityalso builta skatepark,a rarityin Japan.Such projectsmade cannyuse of the citysexisting resources.Old railtracks wererepurposed forthe newlight rail,amove thatreduced costsby75%,according tothe WorldBank.While thegovernment handledconstruction,it farmedtherail networkout toan expertprivate firm.It also offered subsidiesto enticepeople tomove into the dumplings.【5】深思熟虑的设计非常有益新轻轨的车厢与车站站台齐平,消除了可能绊倒老年乘客的台阶为了不让年轻人感到遭遇冷落,这座城市还建了一个滑雪场,这在日本是罕见的这些项目巧妙地利用了城市的现有资源世界银行表示,旧铁路轨道将重新用于新的轻轨,此举将重建费用降低了75%o施工方面,政府将铁路网络外包给了一家专业的私企它还提供补贴,吸引居民搬进活动中心
[6]The policy,though nopanacea fbrthe demographicsqueeze,changed Toyamastrajectory.The cityarrested theoutflowof peoplefrom itscentre:net migrationintothedowntown areawas negativebefore2008but hassince beengrowing.In2005only28%of Toyamaresidents livedalong public-transit corridors;by2019nearly40%did.Thenew developmentshave madeproperty moreattractive.Land pricesin the city centrehad beendeclining byaround2%a yearuntil2012;in thedecade since,they havegrown byan averageof2%per year,with gainsin someareasreaching ashigh as6%.Using increasedtax revenuefrom therevived citycentre tosupport moreremote partsof theregionis abasic modelfbr othercities,says NittaHachiro,the governorofthesurrounding prefecture,also calledToyama.【6】这项政策虽然不是解决人口减少的灵丹妙药,但改变了富山的轨迹富山市阻止了市中心人口外流2008年以前,搬到市区的净移民为负数,但此后一直在增长2005年,仅28%的富山居民居住在公共交通走廊线上;到2019年,这一比例接近40%新的发展使房地产行业更具吸引力2012年以前,市中心的土地价格每年下降约2%;此后十年,土地价格的年均增长率为2%,某些地段的涨幅高达6%周边县一也称为富山的县长说,利用复兴后市区增加的税收来支援该市更偏远的地区,这是其他城市的基本模式
[7]The newurban designmay haveother long-term benefits.Public transportuse amongthose aged60and olderhasmore thantrebled.Sakamoto Kazuko,a73-year-old local,says thenew networkhas madelife“more convenient”.She goesout moreoften thanbefore,using adiscount railpass fbrthe elderlyto visitthecitycentre andstroll whilehergrandchildren areat school.Small-scale studiesshow promisingresults:old folkswho stayactive byusing theirdiscounttransit passesneed lessnursing carethan thosewho donot【7】新城市规划可能还将带来其他长期效益60岁及以上的老年人公共交通使用量已经增加了两倍多73岁的当地人Sakamoto Kazuko表示新的网络让生活更方便她比以前更频繁地外出,当孙子孙女在学校时,她使用老年人折扣铁路通行证参观市中心和散步小规模研究得出的结论很美好使用老年证享坐车优惠的老年人保持活动,他们比不常活动的老年人需要的护理更少
[8]For thoseliving farfrom thecentre,the benefitsare lessclear.The compactcity isa“bubble“which peopleoutsideit lookon with“cold eyes”,says one73-year-old shopkeeperin thesuburbs.Local governmentswith ageing,shrinking populationsface hardchoices aboutwhere to keep waterand sewersrunning andwhere toclose schoolsandclinics.Even ascities striveto becomemore compact,they mayfail toreach thedensity necessarytokeepbusinessesprofitable,says OkataJunichiro,alsoofthe University of Tokyo.But they must try.Japanese citiesonce grewboldly.As thepopulation agesand declines,theymustlearn toshrink withgrace.【8】对远离市中心的人而言,好处并不那么明显郊区一位73岁的店主说,这座紧凑型城市就是一块“泡沫”,外面的人正在冷眼旁观人口不断老龄化和减少的地方政府面临着艰难选择,比如哪里的水管和下水道需要继续运行,哪里的学校和诊所需要关闭东京大学UniversityofTokyo的Okata。