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模拟演练12023上海名校高中自主招生英语
一、语法从、、、四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项A BC D
1.This is the mostexciting filmI haveever seen.A.that B.which C.who D.whose【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句句意这是我看过的最激动人心的电影此处为定语从句修饰先行词先film,行词在从句中作宾语，且由形容词最高级修饰，只能用引导故选that A
2.There arekindsof themeparks,with adifferent parkfbr almosteverything:food,culture,science,cartoons,movies orhistory.A.famous B.fantasy C.unique D.various【答案】D【解析】考查形容词著名的；梦幻的；独一无二的；独一无二A.famous B.fantasy C.unique D.various的句意有各种各样的主题公园一所以选D
3.With somuch noiseof thetraffic,I couldntand domy researchwork.A.put downB.settle down C.break downD.take down【答案】B【解析】动词词组辨析题句意有那么大的噪音我无法静下来做研究工作放下A.put downB.settle安静下来出故障记下根据语境选downC.break downD-takedown B
4.Since Tomdownloaded avirus intohis computer,he cannot openthe filenow.A.readily B.horribly C.accidentally D.irregularly【答案】:C【解析】意为偶然地，意外地”根据可判断出要用accidentally”...downloaded avirus intohis computer”因为下载病毒是偶然事件意为“乐意地，欣然溶易地”;意为“可怕地,非accidentally,readily horribly常地”;意为“不规则地”irregularly
5.We offeran excellenteducation toour students.,we expectstudents towork hard.A.On averageB.At bestC.In returnD.After all【答案】c【解析】考查介词短语句意我们给我们的学生们提供极好的教育，作为回报，我们期待我们的学生们努力学习平均起来，一般说来；最多，充其量；作为回报；毕竟，终究根据句A.B.C.D.
1.What doesthe new study inparagraph1findA.Kids oftentravel a lot ion their own.B.Adults havelearnt a second languagebetter thankids.C.Adults canstudy a second language as quicklyas kids.D.Kids arelikely todevelop theincreased neuralconnections.
2.What doesAlison Gabrielethink of learning a language in the college classroomA.It issuccessful.B.It ischallenging.C.It isdisappointing.D.It isboring.
3.What is the advantageoflearning a languageas a family effortA.Helping kidsform goodlearning habits.B.Making parentscontrol kidseasily.C.Keeping kidsfocusing on the classroom.D.Having morechances to learn inother situations.
4.What shouldlanguage learnersdo according to thetext
1.Be braveto takemore risks.
8.Fit inwith newlearning environment.
9.Be willingto acceptothers comments.10Spend much time doinghome activities.【答案】
1.C
2.A
3.D
4.C【导语】本文是一篇说明文介绍了成年人学习第二语言的速度可以和儿童一样快以及学习第二语言的一些方法细节理解题根据首段前两句11As weall know,children arefast learnerswhen learningasecond language.（我们都知道，在学习第However,adults canstudy asecond languageas fastas children,a new study reports.二语言时，孩子是快速的学习者然而，一项新的研究报告称，成年人学习第二语言的速度可以和儿童一样快）”可知，成年人学习第二语言的速度可以和儿童一样快故选C推理判断题根据第二段
12.“I thinkit isthe reasonwhy peoplethink universityforeign languageteaching isgood.It showsthat,even withlimited time in the college classroom,learning canhappen quitequickly and（我认为这就是为什么人们认为大学外语教well,“said professorAlison Gabriele,the co-author of the paper.“学好的原因这表明，即使在大学课堂上的时间有限，学习也可以非常快速和良好,“论文的合著者艾莉森・加布里埃教授说广可知，艾莉森・加布里埃认为在大学教室里学习一门语言是成功的故选A细节理解题根据第三段第二句13Further researchhas shown that learningalanguageas a family effortimproveseveryones abilitiesand givesopportunities for learning something that are mostly absent from classroom（进一步的研究表明，作为一种家庭努力学习一门语言可以提高每个人的能力，并有机会学习一settings.些在课堂上几乎没有的东西厂可知，全家人一起努力学习一门语言的好处是可以有机会学习课堂背景下学不到的东西，即有更多在其他情况下学习的机会故选D细节理解题根据第三段末句14“Besides,they shouldready themselvesfor makingmistakes andreceiveothers，advice.（此外，他们应该为犯错误做好准备，接受别人的建议户可知，语言学习者要乐于接受他人的意见故选CB（假定的）When I was young,I hadno ideawhat I wanted to do.The choiceswere thin.It wasassumed thatrdgo tocollege,and after,that I could be a mom.I could,be asecretary.Icouldbe anurse ora teacher.If anyoneasked,I saidIwanted to be a writer.Even Iknew thatwasnt areal job.Mostly,I didntthink aboutit.But justas Iwas comingof age,a worldof possibilityopened up.By thetime Igraduated fromcollege with ascience degree,I stilldidnt knowwhat Iwanted todo.And oneday,after seeinga noticein the paper,Iremembered there was somethingId wanted todo,once.It soundedfun,so Itook the test to be a mail carrier.Thenew PostalService wasby lawan inclusivegroup.If yougot agood enoughscore,you werein.（执行）It was an olderwoman conductingmy fitnessentry examwho was the first to disagree.This wasnta job for a girl,she said.And Ishouldnt takea mansjob awayfrom him.He hasa family to support.Despite thatpoorassumed mansfamily,I becameone ofperhaps adozen femalecarriers in the wholecity ofPortland,Oregon.（新奇的人）.On thestreet,Iwasa noveltyI didntgo asingle daywithout hearingsome friendlywords:Well,I guesswe cantcall you the mailman,can weWell have to callyouthemail-woman!Those particularwordssomehow appearednaturally inthousands ofminds atonce.My existencereceived attention.Its hard to imaginenow.Thirty-two yearslater Iretired intoa verydifferent world.Being aretired mail carrier iseven morefiin thanbeinga mailcarrier.And finally,I getto be a writer.Ifs stillnot reallya job.
5.What canwe know about the author whenshe was youngA.She hadno planfbr herfuture.B・She studiedhardto beawriter.C.She neverwanted togo tocollege.D.She knewlittle aboutwhat areal jobwas.
6.Why didthe authorwant to bea mail carrierA.She coulddo nothingelse afterher graduation.B・She thoughtit interestingto bea mailcarrier.C.She gota highscore in thetest to beamailcarrier.D.She wasbored withstudying fbra sciencedegree.
7.What was the olderwomans attitudeto the authors decisionA.Supportive.B.Careless.C.Unclear.D.Negative.
8.What wastheauthorspurpose inwriting thistextA.To stressthe importanceof acareer plan.B・To sharethe storyof hercareer options.C.To showthe funof beingamailcarrier.D.To expressher regretabout herjob choice.【答案】
5.A
6.B
7.D
8.B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文作者讲述了她是如何选择成为一位邮递员的以及当时人们女邮递员的态度细节理解题根据第一段的第一句话（当我年轻的
5.“When Iwasyoung,I hadno ideawhat Iwantedtodo.时候，我不知道我想做什么厂可知，年轻的时候，作者对自己的未来没有计划故选项A细节理解题根据第二段的句子.（听起来很有趣，所
6.“It soundedfun,so Itook thetestto beamailcarrier以我参加了考试，想成为一名邮递员）”可知，作者想当邮递员是因为她认为这很有趣故选项B.推理判断题根据第三段的句子（执行）7“It was an olderwoman conductingmy fitnessentry examwho wasthefirsttodisagree.This wasnta jobforagirl,she said.And Ishouldnt takea mansjob awayfrom him.He hasa（第一个反对我的是一位上了年纪的妇女，她负责我的入职体能考试她说，这不是女familytosupport.孩该做的工作我不应该抢走男人的工作他要养家糊口厂推知，那位年长的女士对作者的决定持否定的态度故选项D推理判断题通过这篇文章，作者讲述了自己年幼时对写作感兴趣，大学却选择了理科，毕业后她选
8.择成为一位邮递员，然而退休后选择成为一个作家由此推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了分享她的职也选择故选项BC（道德的）An important lesson in the moraleducation ofchildren couldbe as close asthe book in their hands.Stories matter.And they can playa rolein buildingmoral valuesin young audiences,according to the resultsof anew study.（内容）Lindsay Hahnisthefirst author of thenew study,which exploreshow media content influences（概念），children.Many studiesdone beforehave focusedon wideconcept but Hahns study looks athow moralvalues might influence the kids values.Do childrenreading particular moral,characteristics takein thosequalitiesand buildtheir own morality Thefindings suggestso.Parents,caregivers,and teachersare oftenwondering howmedia can be usedfor goodJ saysHahn.“Howcan itbe usedfor goodthings Howcan itdiscourage badhabits Howcan iteducate”Answering thosequestionsbegins witha betterunderstanding ofhow to use media.When parentsare consideringwhat mediathey mightwant to select for theirchildren,theycandeliberate what particularmoral value is being stressed by the maincharacter,and howthe main character istreated because of thoseactions Jshe says.For the study,Hahn andher workmatestook themain characterfrom ayoung adultnovel.They wrotethe（参与content toreflect thestudys fbcuson moral values.Those storieswere sharedwith about200participants者）between theages of10and
14.This is a favorablerange formedia researchbecause ifsmore difficulttointroduce theunderstanding ofstories toyounger kids,while challengingto holdthe attentionof olderteenagers,who becomebored withbasic storylines,according toHahn.
9.What isthe resultof thenew studyA.Stories shouldbe spreadmore bymedia.B.Children likereading booksfull offunny stories.C.Children havelearned animportantlessonfrom stories.D.Stories helpchildren todevelop theirownmoral values.
10.What doesHahns studyfocus onA.How childrendeal withmediacontent.B.How children are exposedto modemsociety.C.How mediacontent influences childrens moral:values.D.How childrenshould dealwith the moral valuesin stories.
11.What doesthe underlinedword“deliberate“mean inparagraph3A.Describe.B.Improve.C.Title.D.Consider.
12.Which isthe besttitle forthe textA.The YoungCan BuildGood Moral Values EasilyB.It IsDifficult forthe Youngto UnderstandMoral ValuesC.Stories Playan ImportantRole in the YoungsMoral ValuesD.Scientists FindMore Waysto Helpthe YoungBuild MoralValues【答案】
9.D
10.C
11.D
12.C【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主耍讲的是根据一项新的研究结果，故事可以在年轻听众的道德价值观建设中发挥作用细节理解题根据第一段的（道德的）
9.An importantlesson inthe moraleducation ofchildren couldbe ascloseasthebook intheir hands.Stories matter.And theycan playa rolein buildingmoralvaluesin young.（对孩子进行道德教育的重要一课就像他们手中的书一audiences,according to the resultsof a newstudy样近在咫尺故事很重要根据一项新的研究结果，它们可以在年轻听众的道德价值观建设中发挥作用）”可知，这项新研究的结果是故事帮助孩子们发展自己的道德观故选D细节理解题根据第二段的
10.“Lindsay Hahnisthefirst author of thenewstudy,which exploreshow mediacontentinfluenceschildren.Many studiesdone beforehave focusedon wideconcept,butHahnsstudylooksat（是这项新研究的第一作者，该研究探索了how moralvaluesmightinfluencethekidsvalues.Lindsay Hahn媒体内容如何影响儿童以前做过的许多研究都专注于广泛的概念，但的研究着眼于道德价值观Hahn如何影响孩子的价值观厂可知，的研究重点是媒体内容如何影响儿童的道德价值观故选Hahn C词句猜测题根据第三段的
11.“When parentsare consideringwhat mediathey mightwant toselectfortheir（当父母考虑为孩子选择什么样的媒体时）和childrenwhatparticularmoralvalueisbeingstressedbythe（主角强调了什么特殊的道maincharacter,and howthemaincharacter istreated because of thoseactions德价值，主角因为这些行为而受到了怎样的对待）”可知，划线词所在句子的意思是“当父母考虑为孩子选择什么样的媒体时，他们可以考虑主角强调了什么特定的道德价值，以及主角因这些行为而受到怎样的对待”，因此划线词的意思是“考虑”，和意思相近，故选deliberate considerD主旨大意题通读全文，尤其是第一段的（道德的）
12.“An importantlesson inthemoraleducation ofchildrencould beascloseasthebookintheirhands.Stories matter.And theycan playa rolein buildingmoralvaluesin.（对孩子进行道德教育的重要一课就像他们手中youngaudiences,according tothe resultsof anewstudy的书一样近在咫尺故事很重要根据一项新的研究结果，它们可以在年轻听众的道德价值观建设中发挥作用广可知，本文主要讲的是根据一项新的研究结果，故事可以在年轻听众的道德价值观建设中发挥作用，因此最好的标题是选项、（故事在年C“Stories Playan ImportantRole inthe YoungMoralValues轻人的道德价值观中扮演着重要的角色广故选CoJason,a straight-A studentfrom theUniversity ofPennsylvania,uses theterm pseudo-working”to describehowmany ofus study.The pseudo-worker looksand feelslike someonewho isworking bard-he orshe spends along timeinthe library andis notafraid topush onlate into the night-but,becauseof a lackof focusandconcentration,he orshe doesntactually achievemuch.This phenomenoncam beseen inmost colleges.For example,at Dartmouththerewasa sectionof themainlibrary thatwas opentwenty-four hoursa dayand thestudents Iused tosee inthere lateat nightcrowded ingroups,drinking coffee,were definitelypseudo-working.The roommatewho looksthrough herchemistry noteson thecouchwhile watchingTV ispseudo-working.The guywho bringsthree meals,a blanket,and six-pack ofRed Bulltothestudyzone inpreparation foran all-day paper-writing marathonis alsopseudo-working.By placingthemselves indistracting environmentsand insistingon workinglong hours,these studentsaredamaging theirbrains abilityto thinkclearly andefficiently to achieve thetask athand.In the end theyget halftheresults withtwice theeffort.The biggerproblem hereis thatmost studentsdont evenrealize that theyre pseudo-working.To thempseudo-working iswork-its howtheyve alwaysdone it,and itshow allof their friends do it.li nevercrosses theirmindthat theremight bea betterway.Straight-A students,on the other hand,know allabout pseudo-working.They fearit,and forgood reasonIt notonly wastestime,but itsalso mentallytiring.In fact,the mostimportant skillin becominga betterstudent isthe abilityto getwork donequickly andwitha smallestamount ofwasted effort.Some cognitivescience researchconcludes thatabout50minutes istheoptimal learningperiod tomaximize thematerial integratedper timeunit.So howdo thesestudents achievethis（公式）goal To understand their way tosuccess,consider the following simpleformula work achieved=timespent*intensity of focus.Pseudo-working featuresa verylow intensity of focus.Therefore,to achievesomething bypseudo-working.You need to spenda lotof time.The straight-A approach,ontheother hand,increases intensityin orderto uselesstime.
13.Which of thefollowingphenomenon ispseudo-workingA.Tom isbusy takingnotes whileattending alecture.B.Mike issitting ata studylounge inpreparation fora finalexam quietly.C.Jack spendsa long timeinthelibraryon hisessay whilelistening tomusic.D.Alice andSara aresitting onthe couthreading theirfavorite books.
14.Compared withstraight-A students,the majorproblem ofmost studentsis thattheyA.wantto spend moretime onstudy.B・are eagerto followtheirfriends9way.C.have gottenused totheir study approach.D.are unawareof theirpseudo-working.
15.What doesthe underlinedword“optimal“mean inparagraph5A.Possible.B.Best.C.Least.D.Accurate.
16.Why doestheauthormention theformula inthe textA.To showthe benefitof working hard.B・To provethe necessityof achievingwork.C.To emphasizethe importanceof concentration.D.To explainthe reasonfor spendingmuchtime.【答案】
13.c
14.D
15.B
16.C【导语】本文是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了“伪学习”的一些表现和危害，并建议大家提高专注度，提高学习效率推理判断题根据文章第一段
13.“The pseudo-worker looksand feelslike someonewho isworking bard-he orshespendsalongtimeinthelibrary andis notafraid topush onlate intothe night-but,becauseofa lackof focus（伪学习者看起来和感觉上都像吟游诗人——他and concentration,he orshe doesntactually achievemuch.或她花很长时间在图书馆里，而且不怕工作到深夜——但是，由于缺乏专注力，他或她实际上并没有取得多大成就厂可知，伪学习指的是看上去好像花了很长时间学习，但并没有真正把注意力集中在学习上项“杰克边听音乐边在图书馆写论文写了很长时间”与“伪学习”的定义相似故选项C C细节理解题根据文章第四段
14.“The biggerproblem hereis thatmost studentsdont evenrealize thattheyre（更大的问题是，大多数学生甚至没有意识到他们是在伪学习户可知，相比全的学pseudo-working.A生，大多数学生都不知道自己在伪学习故选项D.词句猜测题根据文章第五段15“Some cognitivescience researchconcludes thatabout50minutes isthe（些认知科学研究得出结论，大optimal learningperiod tomaximize thematerial integratedper timeunit.——约分钟是学习时间，以最大限度地利用每一时间单位的材料中的“最大化”可知，50optimal maximize对于学习来说，提高效率非常重要，为了效率的最大化，分钟的时间应该是“最适合的”或者“最佳50的”项“最佳的”符合文意故选项B B推理判断题根据文章第五段
16.So howdo thesestudents achievethis goalTounderstand theirwayto（那么这些学success,consider thefollowing simpleformula:workachieved=time spent*intensityoffocus.生是如何实现这一目标的呢？要了解他们的成功之道，可以考虑下面这个简单的公式完成的工作量等于花费的时间乘以专注的强度）”和最后一段“Pseudo-working featuresa verylow intensityoffocus.Therefore,toachievesomething bypseudo-working,you need tospendalotof time.The straight-A approach,on（伪学习的特点是聚焦强度很低因此，通过伪theotherhand,increases intensityin ordertouseless time.学习来达到目的，你需要花很多时间而全学生的学习方法是增加聚焦强度以减少时间广可知，作A者并不支持“伪学习”，作者更加支持通过减少时间增加专注度的方法，故推测作者列出公式是为了强调“专注强度”的重耍性故选项C意故选Co
6.online shoppinghas changedour life,not allof itseffects have been positive.A.Since B.After C.While D.Unlessc【答案】【解析】句意尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，但是不是其所有的影响都是积极的引导While让步状语从句，意为尽管，虽然既然，自从；在之后；除非，故选since afterunless C
7.Unfortunately,when Idropped in,Professor Johnson,so weonly hadtime fbra fewwords.A.has just left B.had justleft C.justleftD.was justleavingD【答案】【详解】考查时态句意不幸的是，当我顺道拜访时，约翰逊教授正要离开，所以我们只说了几句话由时间状语从句谓语用一般过去时可知，此处指“（过去）正要干某事”，此处用过去进dropped行时（）表过去将来故选项was/were doingD
8.The booksonthedesk,covers areshiny,are prizesfbr us.A.which B.what C.whose D.thatc【答案】【解析】考查定语从句本题考查定语从句的关系词，先行词为和之间存在所有关系，thebooks,covers故选择句意桌上的书是给我们的奖励，那些书的封面闪闪发光C,
9.We needto gettotheroot of the problemwe cansolve it.A.while B.after C.before D.asc【答案】【解析】句意在我们解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源当……时候，而；在A.while B.after之后;在之前；正如C.before D.aslO.The studentshave beenworkinghardon theirlessons and their effortssuccess intheend.A.rewarded B.were rewardedC.will rewardD.will berewardedD【答案】【解析】考查时态和语态句意学生们一直在刻苦学习功课，他们的努力（将来）一定会得到回报根据句意可知，回报是将来要发生的事情，应该用将来时和是被动关系，应该使用被动efforts reward语态，故选D
11.My roomisamess,but Iclean itbefore Igo outtonight.I candoitinthemorning.A.darent B.shouldnt C.neednt D.mustntc【答案】【解析】句意我的房间很乱，但是在今晚我出去之前不需要打扫，我可以明天早晨再打扫不敢；A.不应该；不需要；不许根据句意，故选B.C.D.C
12.The hospitalhas recentlyobtained newmedical equipment,more patientstobetreated.A.being allowedB.allowing C.having allowedD.allowed【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语句意这个医院近期购进了新的医疗设备，允许更多的病人被治疗前句购进医疗设备和后面允许更多的病人被治疗之间是必然的结果关系，用作结果状语，表示顺理成章的doing结果故选B
13.1t easierto getin touchwith us,youd betterkeep thiscard athand.A.Made B.Make C.Making D.To make【答案】D【解析】考查不定式作目的状语句意为了更方便地联系到我们，你最好随身带着这张卡片这里表示目的，要用动词不定式，故选D
14.over aweek ago,the books are expectedto arriveany timenow.A.Ordering B.To orderC.Having orderedD.Ordered【答案】D【解析】考查过去分词作状语句意（因为）那些书是一周多之前订的，现在随时有可能送到books和是动宾关系，即故用过去分词表示被动和完成，在此相当于原因状order orderbooks/booksareordered,语从句…故选because theywere orderedDo
15.Only whenLily walkedintotheoffice thatshe hadleft thecontract athome.A.she realizedB.has sherealizedC.she hasrealized D.did sherealize【答案】D【解析】句意只有当莉莉走进办公室的时候，她才意识到她把合同忘家里了本题考查位于句nly首，引导的时间状语从句，主句要主谓倒装根据时态和句意可知选D
二、词汇填空Directions:Fill ineach blankwithaproper wordchosen from the box.Each wordcan onlybe usedonce.Note thatthereis oneword more than youneed.A.luckily B.alerts C.established D.entrances E.contact F.habitatG.measures H.wandered I.studying J.rewards K.enjoy（保护区）Fifteen wild Asian elephantsthat lefttheir1in XishuangbannaNational NatureReserve inYunnanprovince haveso farnot causedany troubleinthe provincial capital（省会）,Kunming,thanks tolocal authorities,（兽群）effective measures.By Thursdayafternoon,the herdhad moved to Shuanghecounty,Jinning districtinKunmings outskirts,accordingtothe YunnanForestry andGrassland Administration,which has2a specialworkteam under the guidance oftheprovincial government.Provincial forestrypolice havefollowed the elephants9（无人机）movements roundthe clock,using dronesand cameras.Experts fromboth thenational andprovincialforestry departmentsare advisingon3to controlthe elephants.Police andfirefighters inKunming areworking toprevent（卡车）the elephantsfrom cominginto4with residents.Trucks anddigging equipmenthavebeen（厚皮动物）put inplace atthe5of villagesto tryto stop the pachyderms entry.A womanfrom Ganhevillage,where theelephants6around forseveral hourson Thursday,told localmedia thatthey hadreceived7from thevillage committee.All myfamily membersmovedtothe second floor of our house onWednesday.We werevery nervouslast night,but8noone washurt,“she said.Although itsnot knownwhen theelephants leftthe Xishuangbannareserve,experts believe they mayhave（徜徉）started roaminglast yearand arenowabout500kilometers awayfromthereserve.（濒危的）The Asianelephants,which arelisted asendangered onthe InternationalUnion forConservationof NatureRed Listof ThreatenedSpecies,9Class-A protectionstatus inChina,the（给予）same levelafforded thegiant panda.Yunnan isthe onlyhome towildAsianelephants inChina andhas300oftheanimals.However,more thantwo-thirds ofthe populationlive outsidenature reserves,said ChenMingyong,a lifesciences professorat YunnanUniversity who has been10wild elephantsfordecades.【答案】
1.F
2.C
3.G
4.E
5.D
6.H
7.B
8.A
9.K
10.I【导语】这是一篇新闻报道头云南西双版纳自然保护区的亚洲象于周四闯入了居住区，但目前并15没有造成任何麻烦考查名词句意当地政府的有效措施下，离开西双版纳国家级自然保护区栖息地的头野生亚洲
1.15象到目前为止没有在省会昆明制造任何麻烦是形容词性物主代词，后接名词作的宾语,根据下their left文（兽群）可知，象群离开“the herdhad movedto Shuanghecounty,Jinning districtin Kunmingsoutskirts”了他们的栖息地，名词符合句意故选项habitat F考查动词句意据云南省林业和草原局称，到周四下午，鹿群已经转移到昆明郊区金宁区双河县
2.云南省林业和草原局在省政府的指导下成立了一个特别工作组分析句子可知，引导的定语从句which中谓语部分不完整，根据推知，是成立a specialwork teamundertheguidanceoftheprovincialgovernment.了特别工作组，动词符合句意，此处用其过去分词与构成现在完成时故选项establish hasC考查名词句意来自国家和省级林业部门的专家正在就控制大象的措施提供建议分析句子可知，
3.介词on后跟名词作宾语，to controltheelephant是抽象名词的后置定语，根据上文“thanks tolocal authorities，可知，表示“控制大象的措施”名词符合句意，表示泛指用复数符effective measures.”measure measures,合句意故选项G考查名词句意昆明警方和消防队员正在努力防止大象与居民接触空处应填名词作宾语，结合句
4.意，此处指防止大象与居民接触，故名词符合句意，是固定搭配，意为contact comeinto contactwith“与……接触、故选项E考查名词句意卡车和挖掘设备已经安置在村庄入口处，试图阻止厚皮动物进入根据
5.“stopthe（厚皮动物）可知，是在村口放置装置，故名词符合句意，意pachydermsentry.“entrance atthe entranceof为“在……的入口处”，符合句意故选项D考查动词句意大象在干河村游荡了几个小时，村里的一名妇女告诉当地媒体，他们收到了村委会
6.的通知分析句子可知引导的定语从句缺谓语动词且使用一般过去时，为“徘徊”，where wanderaround B符合句意故选项H考查名词句意大象在干河村游荡了几个小时，村里的一名妇女告诉当地媒体，他们收到了村委会
7.的警告分析句子可知，缺宾语，根据下文“All myfamily membersmovedtothesecondfloorofourhouseon可知，村民街道了村委会的警告（通知），名词符合句意故选项Wednesday”alerts B考查副词句意我们昨晚非常紧张，但幸运的是没有人受伤根据可知句意发生转折，且本句
8.but主干成分完整，故填修饰成分，副词作状语，符合句意故选项luckily A考查动词句意在国际自然保护联盟的濒危物种红色名录上，亚洲象被列为濒危物种，在中国享有
9.与大熊猫相同的一级保护地位空处为主句谓语动词，主句主语是陈述客观事实，The Asianelephants,谓语动词用复数形式，享有……地位”符合句意故选项enjoy…status K考查动词句意然而，云南大学生命科学教授陈明勇说，超过三分之二的大象生活在自然保护区
10.以外陈明勇研究野生大象已有几十年分析句子可知，引导的定语从句中谓语动词不完整，whohas been后可跟现在分词构成现在完成进行时，也可跟过去分词构成现在完成时的被动，此处表示教授目前还在“研究”野生大象，为主动，故用表示动作从过去持续到现在并极有可能延续下去hasbeenstudying,故选项I
三、完形填空Experts oftentell studentsto puttheir effortson anarrow field to geta jobafter school.But recentresearchinto Nobel Prize winnerssuggests thatwider interestsare
1.One ofthe winnersofthe2022Nobel Prizein Chemistrywas Danishscientist MortenMeldaL Whendescribinghis career,Meldal saidhe2asanengineer but changed to chemistry because,he“wantedtounderstandthe world”.MeldaPs experienceandtheway hesees thingsmay comeasan3to students.They mightbelieve theyhave to4their work and schoollives inone fieldtobe successful.But astudyfrom professorsat MichiganState University5that belief.They saidthatmany NobelPrize winnerscanbedescribed aspolymaths Jthose whohave many6interests inboth their workand personallives.The professorslooked atpast NobelPrize winnersandtheirstudents.They decidedthat when7of winnersgoon towin NobelPrizes,some ofwhat theylearned fromtheir teachersis howtolive a life with many interests.They are,in away,learning howtobe
8.Having manyinterests9scientists tolook forinnovative waysto addressproblems.In fact,one important part of science is not discovering answers,but10problems thatneedtobe settled.For example,Alexis Carrelwon hisNobelPrizein medicinein1912by11techniques helearned fromthe clothingbusiness.Herealized thatpeople whoused threadto makeand fixclothing hada skillthat couldbe usedin12to putnew organs一一into peoplesbodies.One winnerin medicineChristiane Nusslein-Volhard oncetold youngscientists toavoidfollowing the“13and move out of their study areas tobe independent and original.14,the MichiganState professorsfound thatmost professionals are not like the prize-winners.The prize-winners arespecial inthatthey_of15__look forthe chancestolearnnew things,even outsidetheirjobs.
1.A.scientific B.competing C.essential D.immediate
2.A.started outB・made offC.looked overD.turned aside
3.A.distraction B・surprise C.example D・burden
4.A.ease B.tip C.treat D・center
5.A.exemplified B.confirmed C.edited D.rejected
6.A.diverse B.similar C.mathematical D.peculiar
7.A.teachers B・students C・peers D.children
8.A.creative B・leisure C・academic D.reasonable
9.A.spoils B・pours C・permits D.starves
10.A.abandoning B.recognizing C.capitalizing D.worsening
11.A.shrinking B.tracking C.individualizing D.transferring
12.A.operations B・engines C.clothing D.machinery
13.A.cornerstone B.mainstream C.upkeep D.outflow
14.A.As aresult B・On thecontrary C.In arow D.At acost
15.A.unevenly B.fruitlessly C.regularly D.reluctantlyl.C
2.A
3.B
4.D
5.D
6.A
7.B
8.A
9.C
10.B
11.D
12.A
13.B
14.B
15.C【答案】【导语】这是一篇说明文，研究表明，诺贝尔奖经常颁发给有创造力的思考者，而不是专家考查形容词词义辨析句意但最近对诺贝尔奖得主的研究表明，更广泛的兴趣是非常重要的
1.A.科学的；相互竞争的;非常重要的，必不可少的;立刻的，scientific B.competing C.essential D.immediate即时的根据语境及下文“some ofwhat theylearned fromtheir teachersis howto livealifewithmanyinterests（他们从老师那里学到的一些东西是如何带着许多兴趣去生活户可知，很多诺贝奖得主的学生从老师那里学到的是要有广泛的兴趣，所以此处指拥有广泛的兴趣很重要，故选C考查动词短语辨析句意在描述他的职业生涯时，说，他最初是一名工程师，但后来转向化
2.Meldal学，因为他“想了解世界起初是，从开始；匆忙离开;检查，浏览；A.started outB.made offC.looked over避开，转过脸根据可知，说最初是一名工程师，但后D.turned asidebutchangedtochemistry”Meldal来转向化学，故选A考查名词词义辨析句意的经历和他看待事物的方式可能会让学生们感到惊讶
3.Meldal A.distraction干扰，使人分心的事物；惊讶；例子；负担根据上文对专业的B.surprise C.example D.burden Meldal描述及下文“They mightbelievetheyhaveto4their workand schoollives inone可知，学生们可能认为集中注意力于一个专业才会成功，但是从工程师转fieldtobesuccessful.”Meldal向了化学，所以的经历会让他们感到惊讶故选Meldal B考查动词词义辨析句意他们可能认为他们必须把工作和学校生活集中在一个领域才能成功
4.A.ease减轻，缓和；（使）倾泻，倒出；对待，治疗；集中，使聚集在一起根据文章首B.tip C.treat D.center句.（专家们经常告诉“Experts oftentell studentsto puttheir effortson anarrow fieldto getajobafter school学生们，要想毕业后找到工作，就要把精力集中在单一的领域）及语境可知，学生们可能认为要把精力集中在一个领域才能获得成功，故选D考查动词词义辨析句意但密歇根州立大学教授的一项研究否定了这一观点举例说
5.A.exemplified明；证实；编辑，校订；拒绝，否决结合转折词及下文B.confirmed C.edited D.rejected“But”“those who可知，研究表明，诺贝尔奖获得主有很多兴趣，have many6interests inboththeirworkandpersonallives”所以此处指这项研究否定了上文提到的集中精力于一个领域的观念，故选Do考查形容词词义辨析句意他们说，许多诺贝尔奖得主都可以被称为“博学多才”，他们在工作和
6.个人生活中都有许多不同的兴趣不同的，各种各样的;类似的；有关A.diverse B.similar C.mathematical数学的；奇怪的，怪异的根据及语境可知，许多诺贝尔奖得主有很多不同的兴D.peculiar“polymaths”趣，故选A考查名词词义辨析句意他们判定，当获奖者的学生后来获得诺贝尔奖时，他们从老师那里学到的
7.一些东西就是如何带着多种兴趣生活老师；学生；同龄人；孩A.teachers B.students C.peers D.children子根据可知，此处指获奖者的学生，故选some ofwhat theylearned fromtheir teachers”B考查形容词词义辨析句意在某种程度上，他们正在学习如何变得富有创造力创造性
8.A.creative的；空闲的；学业的，学术的；合理的根据下文B.leisure C.academic D.reasonable“look forinnovative ways（找解决问题的创新方法）”可知，此处指学习如何变得富有创造力,故选to addressproblems JA考查动词词义辨析句意兴趣广泛使科学家能够寻找解决问题的创新方法破坏，糟蹋;
9.A.spoils B.倾倒;许可,使成为可能;挨饿根据语境及下文的举例可知，兴趣广泛使使科学pours C.permits D.starves家能够寻找解决问题的创新方法，符合语境故选permit C考查动词词义辨析句意事实上，科学的一个重要部分不是发现答案，而是认识到需要解决的问
10.题抛弃,遗弃；识别,辨认出；资本化，为提A.abandoning B.recognizing C.capitalizing供资本；（使）变得更糟根据可知，D.worsening oneimportant partofscienceisnotdiscoveringanswers^^科学的一个重要部分不是发现答案，而是发现需要解决的问题，故选B考查动词词义辨析句意例如，通过将他从服装业学到的技术进行转移，在年获
11.Alexis Carrel1912得了诺贝尔医学奖（使）缩小，减少；追踪；（使）个性化；A.shrinking B.tracking C.individualizing（使）转移，转化根据下文描述的将缝制衣服的技巧用于医疗手术中可知，此处指将从D.transferring服装业学到的技术进行转移，故选D考查名词词义辨析句意他意识到，那些用线制作和固定衣服的人拥有一种技能，可以在手术中
12.用于将新器官植入人的身体手术；发动机;服装；机器A.operations B.engines C.clothing D.machinery根据可知，此处指在手术中用于将新器官植入人的身体，故选to putnew organsinto peoplesbodies”Ao考查名词词义辨析句意医学领域的一位获奖者曾告诉年轻的科学家
13.Christiane Nusslein-Volhard们，要避免追随“主流”，走出自己的研究领域，保持独立和原创基石，支柱；A.cornerstone B.mainstream主流；维修，保养；流出量根据C.upkeep D.outflow“moveoutoftheirstudy areastobeindependentand及上文提到的创新可知，此处指避免跟随主流，故选original”B考查固定短语辨析句意相反，密歇根州立大学的教授们发现，大多数专业人士并不像得奖者那
14.样因此；相反；连续几次地；按成本，造价为A.As aresult B.On thecontrary C.In arow D.At acost上一段提到诺贝尔奖得主能够创新地解决问题，根据空后“the MichiganState professorsfound thatmost可知，此处指相反，大多数专业人士并不像得奖者那样，故选professionalsarenotliketheprize-winners”B考查副词词义辨析句意获奖者的特殊之处在于，他们经常寻找学习新事物的机会，即使是在工
15.作之外不均衡地；无益地，徒劳地；频繁地，经常地；A.unevenly B.fruitlessly C.regularly D.reluctantly不情愿地根据上文内容可知，诺贝尔奖得主经常寻找学习新事物的机会，即使是在工作之外，故选C
四、阅读理解AAs weall know,childrenarefast learnerswhen learningasecond language.However,adults canstudya（神经的）second languageas fastas children,anewstudy reports.Adults candevelop theincreased neural（痴呆）connections withlanguage studythat canavoid dementiaby fouryears,as wellas maketraveling aloteasier.In anexamination ofSpanish second-language learners,the researchersfound thatafter simplesttraining,thebrain activitybetween sentencesthat reliedon grammaticalfeatures uniqueto eachlanguage wassimilar tothat ofnativespeakers.I thinkit isthe reasonwhy peoplethink universityforeign languageteaching isgood.It showsthat,even withlimited timeinthecollegeclassroom,learning canhappen quitequickly andwell,“said professorAlisonGabriele,theco-authorofthepaper.Beyond that,it givesparents morereasons tostudyasecondlanguageas partofafamily effort.Furtherresearch hasshownthatlearningalanguageasafamilyeffort improveseveryones abilitiesand givesopportunitiesforlearningsomethingthataremostlyabsentfromclassroom settings.National Geographicreportsin aninterview withChristine Jernigan,authorofFamily LanguageLearning:Learn AnotherLanguage.Raise（沉浸）Bilingual Children,that asfor immersionin languagestudy,practicing asecondlanguagewith peopleisthe mostimportantpart,and whotalks toeach othermorethanafamilyLanguage learnersneedtobe brave.Besides,they shouldready themselvesfor makingmistakes andreceive othersadvice.Most peoplewill befar morecomfortable makingmistakes aroundfamily membersthan ina classroomsetting.Furthermore,any homeactivity,whether thatsgardening,playing inthe yard,watching movies,goingshopping,cleaning,or cookinga meal,becomes anopportunity forlanguage learning.Jernigan suggestspreparing（字幕）vocabulary beforean activityand usingit asshort homework.Jernigan suggestsusing subtitlestoo,so youcansee whichwords arebeing used.。
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