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南京中考语法一时态
一、一般现在时意义L通常表示现在的状态或者事实1通常用来描述经常进行的动作、客观存在事实以及目前存在的事实知觉、态度和感情
2.句型结构2•主语动词+形容词/名词/介词短语/副词+be•主语+实意动词+其他动词类与实意动词类结构的区别be一般疑问句的开头是动词还是助动词,取决于主语后是否是动词be例主语后为介词,需要填动词,对应句型
①1he from Nanjing be主语后为动词,需要填对应句型
②he comefromNanjingdo/does,.时间状语3sometimes,always,usually,often,seldom,never,on Sundays,in themorning,every year..难点4主语第三人称单数有哪些?重要程度★★★★★•可数名词单数•不可数名词,如和news Maths•动名词,如reading•不定代词等everyone,someone,anything,something•三单+with/together with/along with/as wellas+…•做主语,如one ofsb/sth oneof thestudents•时间、钱数、长度、速度、距离、重量等的词组如five dollars相关考点客观真理用一般现在时,即使在主句谓语动词是过去式的宾语从句中,也用一般现在时1——What apity!I youcould staya littlelonger with us.A.think B.am thinkingC.thought D.will think年联合体]
10.[2021There stillsome applejuice in the fridge.You needntgo to thesupermarket.A.was B.were C.is D.are年玄武】
11.2021The realreason whyprices,and stillare,too highis hardto understand,and noonecan explainthis problem.A.were B.would beC.have beenD.will be年模拟题2020【年鼓楼一模】一
1.2020What isyour brothergoing todo afterhe fromthe university——He oncetold mehe wantedto getfurther studyat QsinghuaUniversity.A.graduates B.graduated C.is graduatingD.will graduate【年建邺一模】一
2.2020What doyou thinkof thelatest5G smartphone一Its amazing.It isthe mostwonderful phoneI.A.used B.will useC.was usingD.have used【年江宁一模】一
3.2020Sorry,Tm late.There^too muchtraffic on the road.一It doesntmatter.The filmhas justfor five minutes.A.begun B.finished C.been onD.been over年玄武一模】商用
4.2020Since Chinastarted5G commercializationin June2019,manyChinese companiesto provide5G services.A.started B.were startingC.start D.have started年鼓楼二模】一
5.[2020I reallyenjoy theshows in the programmeOnline Travelin China.一Me too.More onlineshows aboutChinese culturesoon.A.will openB.have openedC.is openingD.open年建邺二模】一
6.[2020What apity!It*s raining.Do wehave tocancel thefamily trip一No.As soonas therain stops,we outto havefun.A.go B.will go C.went D.have gone年联合体二模】一
7.[2020Do youknow whenGrandma is going tovisit us,Alice一Its next week.She meonthephone.And welltake herto thenational parkA.told B.is toldC.will tellD.was going to tell【年秦淮二模】一
8.2020Hi,Jessica!I youwere in Nanjing.People toldme youwerein Shanghai.一Well,I cameback justone hourago.A.dont knowB.didnt knowC.havent knownD.wont know【年玄武二模】一
9.2020You lookabsent-minded.you someone一Yes.An oldfriend ofmine iscoming.We havent seen eachother fora longtime.A.Do;expect B.Are;expecting C.Were;expecting D.Did;expect年南京中考真题2012-2021【年南京中考】
1.2021I sawJulia inApril andI hersince then.A.dont seeB.didnt seeC.wont seeD.haventseen
2.【2020年南京中考】Sorry,you can!t takethe dictionaryaway,Vicky.I it.A.used B.am usingC.have usedD.was using年南京中考】一
3.[2019Wendy,how long have youhad theHuawei P30Pro—A coupleof days.I itlast week.A.bought B.buy C.will buyD.have bought【年南京中考】
4.2018---We toYun BrocadeMuseum withthe exchangestudents thiscomingsummer holiday.-Thats amazing!A.went B.goC.have goneD.will go【年南京中考】一
5.2017Excuse me,but canyou tellme wherethe nearestbank is—Just goingfbr twomore blocksand youllsee it.A.keep B.to keepC.keeping D.keeps【年南京中考】
6.2016-Hi,Nora.Is yourmother athome—Just aminute!She flowersin thegarden.A.plant B.is plantingC.planted D.was planting【年南京中考】一
7.2015When willUncle Samcome tosee us—Hell visitus this weekend.He methat byemail.A.told B.is toldC.will tellD.was goingto tell年南京中考】一
8.[2014Lily,why areyou stillhere Schoolis overfor halfan hour.---Because I my taskyet.I stillneed onemore hour.A.wont finishB.didnt finishC.havent finishedD.hadnt finished年南京中考】
9.[2013—Millie,where isMiss Li---She aspeech on Chinese arttothe first-year studentsin thehall.A.gives B.gave C.is givingD.has given【年南京中考】一
10.2012I sawMr Smithin theoffice atten yesterday morning.—Thats impossible.He anEnglish partywithusthen.A.has B.had C.was havingD.has had年模拟题20221-2DC年模拟题20211-5DBDBD6-10CBDCC11A年模拟题20201-5ADCAA6-9BBBB年南京中考真题2012-20211-5DBADA6-10BACCC
二、现在进行时.意义1现在进行时表将来1表示目前一段时间内一直在发生的动作2与等词进行搭配使用,表达赞扬喜好或厌恶的情3always,continually,constantly,forever绪.句型结构2主语动词其他+be+doing+.时间状语3等now,look,listen,at thethis moment,these days,at present.难点4英语中有四类动词一般不用进行时表心理状态、情感的动词1如等,若用进行时则词意改变love,hate,like,care,respect,please,prefer,knowIm forgettingit.=beginning toforget表存在、状态的动词2如等appear,exist Jie,remain,stand,seem表感官的动词3如等see,hear,feel,smell,sound,taste表示认识或理解的词4如等understand,know,remember,forget,believe,think,doubt
三、一般将来时.意义1表示即将发生的动作.句型2表将来•will/shall+do表将来•be goingto+do表将来1will/shall+do确信将要发生某事正在做的计划12表将来2be goingto+do决定做某事可能将发生某事,根据已有迹象判断
12.时间状语3this afternoon,tonight,tomorrow,the dayafter tomorrow,this Sunday,next Sunday,nextweek,in仅表示两天后时two days.易错点4祈使句一般将来时的陈述句;或祈使句一般将来时的陈述句1+and++or+Get upearly,and you will catch the bus.=If youget upearly,you willcatchthebus.二Hurry up,or you will be late.If youdon thurry up,you will belate.结构的一般将来时,态2there beThereisgoingto be/will bea footballmatch onthe playgroundin afew days.祈使句的反义疑问句3Let sgo tothe park,shall weClose thedoor,will you祈使句的肯否定回答4---Don ttake photosin themuseum.---OK/Sorry,I wont..与其他时态关联5现在进行时表将来常见的动词有重要程度1come,go,arrive,leave,end,start,end,die★★★★She isleaving forHong Kongin5minutes.一般现在时表示将来时间或条件的状语从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时,2即遵循“主将从现”重要程度★★★★★If youwork hard,youwill get bettergrades.If youeat toomuch,youwillbecome fat.在用于表示飞机或火车时刻表时,用现在时表将来,如:3The nexttrain leaves at7:45在这里,表示的是固定的时间表tonight.The trainleavesatthree oclock.一般过去时.意义1()一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态1()表示过去一段时间内的经常性动作或存在状态,会与表示一段时间的状语连用2()表示刚刚,在过去之意,现在不这样了
3.句型2•主语其他+was/were+•主语+实意动词过去式+其他.时间状语3一般过去时的时间状语just now,a momentago,yesterday,last week,last night,last weekend,lastyear,last month,three daysago,two weeksago,five years ago,in
2000....易错点4()变句型+助动词1did句中实意动词为如do,He alwaysdid homeworkcarefully.其否定句为He didntdo homeworkcarefully.(在该句中,中的是没有实际意义,不翻译出来,而的didn tdo didhomework do是做的意思,所以一句话中有两个不要把第二个省去了)do,()的指代问题2you…中的是第二人称,既可以指第二人称单数,也可以指第二人称复数,其回答对应Did youyou或因而其答句有两种情况)I we,e.g.---Did youlike playing basketball,boys——Yes,we did.e.g-Did youlike playingbasketball,Micheal——Yes,I did.例题2---Did youall likeplayingbasketball--.(肯定回答)答案:Yes,we did.()动词过去式与原形一致3在这些动词之前的主语是第三人称单数,且这些动词用了原形时,该句话的时态是一般过去时(过去式和原形——致)cost,put,hurt,hit,let,cut,read,set,spread,spit,shut例题(驾驶)3He putthe bagsin thecar andoff.答案drove例题(对戈线部分提问)4It costme threeyuan.U9答案How muchdid itcost()多词性4和用法多,词性也多close open(为过去式,句型
②)The libraryclosed atnine oclockyesterdaymorning.closed(为形容词,句型
①)注(过The librarywas closedfor eighthours yesterday.closed worry-worried去式);(形容词)worry-worried
五、过去进行时意义L过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作1在过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作
2.句型2主语其他+was/were+doing+.时间状语3this morning,the wholemorning,all dayyesterday,from nineto tenlast evening,when,while滩点4和这三个词都有“当时候”的意思常作为过去进行时1when,while as的时间状语重要程度★★★★★标注及作“当……的时候”讲时,都可以引导时间状语从句,表示when,while asduring thetimethatv的意思当一个瞬间动作发生时一个持续性动作正在进行之中,持续性动作用过去进行时,瞬间动作用一般过去时
①如果瞬间动作是主句,我们可以用或引导从句when,while as
②如果持续性动作是主句,我们用引导从句when强调动作未完成的时候用进行时2例题一5—Have youfinished yourhomework Notyet.Ido myhomework lastnight.由句意可以我没有写完作业,因此不可以用一般过去时而表示昨天晚上在做这件事,就用过去进行时答案was doing
六、现在完成时.意义1表示一个过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果和影响1埃迪吃了我的食物我没有食物吃了Eddie haseaten myfood.表示一个从过去某个时间开始,延续到现在,并有可能继续延续下去的动作或状27^o自从年以来,他一直住在这儿He has lived heresince
1995.1995表示到现在为止,某一个动作发生了多少次3I havealready readthis bookmany timesso far.到现在为止我已经读过这本书许多次了,.句型2主语其他+has/have+done+.时间状语3时间状语
3.1用于肯定句,用于否定句和疑问句,一点时间,一段时间,already yetsince+for+never,ever,其它表示频率的词,等three timesonce,twice before,recently,inthepast/last fewyears,so far,thismonth,today,now和引导的时间状语重要程度★★★★
3.2for since的用法1since
①后面加点时间,如since:They havebeen herersince last week.
②引导时间状语从句时,后面的时间状语从句动词用一般过去时,主句动词用现在since完成时例They havestudied inthis schoolsince theycame here.
③搭配,如例since eversince,since thenWe havelived inthis areasince then.o的用法后加一段时间例2for forThe childrenhave learntmath for ten years.可以通过进行同义句转换一段时间=一段时间3since/for agofor+since++ago例fortenyears=since tenyears ago对引导的时间状语进行提问,用如一4since/for how longo Howlonghaveyou been inNanjing---For threeyears/Since threeyearsago.几个易混状语的区分
3.3与区别用于肯定句,一般放在助动词与过去分词之间用于否定句和lalready yetalready yet疑问句,一般至于句末、与用法区别表示曾经表示从不表示以前2ever neverbefore1ever2never3before和是刚刚,刚才与现在完成时连用是刚才与一般过去3just just now1just2just now时连用.难点4的区别要程度★★★★1have/has beento,have/has goneto,have/has beenin曾经去过,已经回来了,强调以往的经历如Dhave/has beento Theold manhas beentoEgypt.
②去了其他地方,强调还没有回来如一一have/has goneto:Where isyour uncleHe has goneto theUK.
③待在某地,住在某地如have/has beenin:He has beeninCalifornia for5days.延续性动词和短暂性动词重要程度★★★★★2非延续性动词与一段时间状语连用时可采用将非延续性动词转化为延续性动词的方式如一;一等begin/start beon finish/stop beover;leave-be away;borrow-keep;marry-be married见表
1.表1短暂性动词延续性动词现在完成时的构成begin/start beon have/has beenonfinish/stop beover have/has beenovercome/go/arrive be in have/has beeninbe athave/has beenatleave beaway have/has beenawayborrow keephave/has keptjoinbeinhave/has beeninbe a member ofhave/has beenamemberofmarry bemarried have/has beenmarrieddie deadhave/has beendeadbuy havehave/has hadopenbe openhave/has beenopenclose beclosed have/has beenclosedfall illbe illhave/has beenillfall asleepbe asleephave/has beenasleep补充:短暂性动词延续性动词现在完成时的构成move tolive inhave/haslivedinget up________be uphave/has beenupget used to beused tohave/has beenusedto特殊句型3
①It is/has beentwo yearssince Igraduated fromthe university.自从我毕业以来已经两年了
②This isthe bestfilm thatI haveever seen.=I havenever seena betterfilm before.这是我看过的最好的电影
③This isthefirsttime thatI haveseen thepandas.这是我第一次看到大熊猫补充时态之间的区分现在完成时和一般过去时相同点
1.相同点两个时态都表示一个在过去完成的动作.不同点2令意义不同令结构不同令时间状语不同力搭配的特殊疑问词不同意义不同重要程度★★★★★
2.1现在完成时强调的是与现在的关系,对现在产生的结果或影响等
①在过去开始做某事,经过一段时间,到现在仍然在做这件事情了
②表示刚刚做完某事,但是强调对现在的影响一般过去时只表示动作在过去某一时刻发生
①过去做过某事一段时间,但是现在已经不再做这件事情了
②表示刚刚,在过去之意,现在不这样了结构不同
2.2一般过去时主语+动词过去式+其他现在完成时主语其他+has/have+done+时间状语不同23一般过去时yesterday,the other day,lastweek,three daysago,the daybefore yesterday,justnow,in2004现在完成时时间点,一段时间,already,yet,since+for+never,ever,before,recently,inthepast/lastfew years,so far,till now,up tonow,this month,today,now搭配的特殊疑问词不同
2.4和常引导一般过去时的句子,而不引导现在完成时的句子1what timewhen和常引导现在完成时的句子,、都可以引导2howlonghow manytimes wherewhy how现在完成时的句子年模拟题2022【年鼓楼一模】一
1.2022Chinese womensfootball teamwon theAsia Cupagain after16years.一That wasa greatmoment.I thegame onTV allthe time.A.have watchedB.watched C.am watchingD.was watching年秦淮一模】一
2.[2022The TVis notworking.—Not again!It twicethisweek.A.happens B.happened C.has happenedD.is happening年模拟题2021年联合体二模】一
1.[2021Where isthe headteacher一She tothe libraryto searchfor someinformation.A.goes B.will goC.has beenD.hasgone年鼓楼二模】一
2.2021Oh!Whafs thematter withyour finger—I hurtit byaccident whileImybike.A.fixed B.was fixingC.am fixingD.have fixed年建邺二模】
3.[2021So far,China theworlds largesthighway network,with atotallength of160,000kilometers.A.builds B.built C.will buildD.has built年秦淮二模】一
4.[2021Hurry up.I cantwait tosee themovie.My Sister!一Oh dear!It forfiveminutes.Come on!A.has begunB.hasbeenonC.will beginD.willbeon年新城二模】一
5.[2021Would youlike towatch thefilm Fastand Furious9tonight—Sure.I stillwant tosee itagain althoughI italready.A.watch B.will watchC.was watchingD.have watched年新城二模】
6.[2021Jenny whoI toknow inAustralia hasworked inChina forayear already.We aregoingtomeet nextweek.A.has gotB.willgetC.got D.get年秦淮】一
7.[2021Have youheard ofYangzhou HorticulturalExpo Itis showinggardensaround theworld.---Yes.I itwith myparents theotherday.A.visit B.visited C.will visitD.have visited年鼓楼】一
8.[2021You shouldreturn mymusic CD.You itfor almostamonth.—Sorry.Til bringit toschool tomorrow.A.borrowed B.keptC.have borrowedD.have kept年建邺】一
9.[2021Uncle Sam,I haveto leaveright now.。