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高一英语衔接课程学历案句子结构一・Warmup一句多译:请尝试着用三种不同句型翻译下面这个句子我是李华今年岁了16答案:I amLi Hua.I am sixteen years old.I amLi Hua,and I amsixteen yearsold.I amLi Huawho issixteenyearsold.思考上述的三个英语句子分别是什么样的句子结构?请大家尝试说出你是怎么判断出来的?答简单句,并列句和复合句只有一个主谓的句子就是简单句由并列连词等连接的两个或者两个以上简单句就是并列句由从属连词等连接and who的一个主句和一个或者一个以上的从句就是复合句简单句五大基本句子结构一.同桌讨论,尝试着划分以下句子的句子成分
1.1am a student.主系表
2.Everyone laughed.主谓
3.I wanta returnticket.市1s
4.Mary lentme hercar.主~¥~―SS
5.We callher Alice.主谓宾宾补思考上述五个子分别构成了英语简单句的五大基本句子结构,那么这五大基本1句子结构分别是什么?这些句子有什么样的特征?答案主+系+表主+谓主+谓+宾L S.+L.+P.
2.S.+V.
3.S.+V.+O.主+谓+间宾+直宾.主+谓+宾+宾补
4.S.+V.+O.+O.5S.+V+O.+C.这些句子都是只有一个主谓的句子,都被称为简单句二.句子结构的五大基本类型基本句型一主+谓S.+Vi.eg1The redsun risesin theeast.2Prices are going down.3His parentshave workedin thepany forten year.请你分析下列句子结构1The firstimpression matters._____________________________答案主+谓S.+V.2The planehas alreadyarrived._______________________________答案主+谓S.+V3Great changeshave takenplace inmy hometownover theyears.答案主+谓S.+V.常见的不及物动词有出现、道歉、到达、过来、死、消失、appear apologizearrive edie disappearexist存在、落下、发生、升起等fall happenrise基本句型二主+谓+宾S.+V+O.Eg:1They arereading books.2He bought a puterlast week.3He imaginesbeing ateacher.此句型句子的共同特点是谓语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整这类动词叫做及物动词请你划分下列句子的句子结构1The trainis buildingup speed._______________________________答案主+谓+宾S.+V+O.2A largetree providesshade.________________________________答案主+谓+宾S.+V+O.3I wantto talkwith you this afternoon.答案主+谓+宾S.+V+O.4I haverich experiencein organizingoutdoor activities.答案主+谓+宾S.+V.+O.基本句型三主+系+表S.+L.+P.eg:1My motheris a scientist..2My healthhas grownbetter.3The foodtastes verydelicious.连系动词的分类.基本形式过去式1Be am,is,are was,were.表示“似乎,看起来像,看起来、相似、显得2seem appear表示变化,成为、、等用来表示主语变成什
3.bee growturn fallget goe run么样.感官动词一共个,包括看起来、听起来、闻起来、尝起45look soundsmell taste来、感觉起来注意感官动词可以接形容词作表语;也可以加接名词feel like表示状态,保持、保持、保持等用来表示主语继续或保持
5.keep remainstay stand一种状况或态度翻译句子那些图画非常漂亮
1.Those picturesare verybeautiful..汤已经馒了2The souphas gonebad..你们在医院要保持安静3You shouldremain quietin thehospital..他似乎很伤心4He seemsto bevery sad..那道食物闻起来很棒5That foodreally smellsgood.基本句型四主+谓+间宾+直宾S.+V+o.+O.Eg:11made hima telegram.2David showedme the way.3Someone leftyouthis note.请思考请问间接宾语和直接宾语有什么区别?你是怎么判断的答间接宾语是谓语动词的间接对象,也就是说谓语动作为谁而做直接宾语是谓语动词的直接对象如果句子意思不变,上述三个句子又可以写成什么呢?答1He madea telegramfor me.2David showedthewayto me.3Someone leftthis notefor you.归纳和有什么区别呢?你能想象出需借助的动词还有哪些?需借助to forto for的动词还有哪些?答侧重动作的方向,表示朝着,向着,对着某人诸如此类的词还有tbring/gi ve/lend/offer/pass/promise/return/send/sho w/teach/tell/write/ask...o侧重动作的受益者,表示为了某人,替某人诸如此类的词还有forbuy/call/make/get...请分析下列句子的句子结构并写出其同义句1She mademe a beautiful dress._________________________________________答案:S.+V.+o.+O.She madeabeautifuldress for me.2He bringsme cookiesevery day._______________________________________答案S.+V.+o.+O.She bringscookies tome everyday.3Mr Johnsontaught usEnglish last year.答案S.+V.+o.+O.Mr Johnsontaught Englishto uslastyear..主+谓+宾+宾补5S.+V+O.+C.Eg:1We mustkeep our classroom cleanand tidy.2They paintedthe doorgreen.3All ofus consideredhim honest.4He hashis haircut oncea month.归纳请问大家是如何判断出宾补的?你还能想想出其他的常跟宾补的动词么?答宾语与宾补存在着逻辑上的主谓关系比如notice,observe,see,watch,look等看听听感请你划分下列句子的句at,make,have,let,listen to,hear,feel5321子结构11have setthe thieffree._________________________________________答案主+谓+宾+宾补S.+V+O.+C.5The guardsordered usto leaveat once.答案主+谓+宾+宾补S.+V+O.+C.6We hearhim readEnglish justnow._____________________________________答案主+谓+宾+宾补S.+V.+O.+C基本句型巧记歌诀英语句子万万千,五大句型把线牵句型种类看动词,后接成分是关键及物又可分三类,单宾双宾最常见系词之后接表语,不及物后无需连还有宾语补足语,各种搭配记心间三.练习根据所学知识分析下列句子结构
1.主+谓1They work hard.S.+V主+系+表2The floweris dead.S.+L.+P.主+谓+间宾+直宾3He givesme somemoney.S.+V.+o.+O.主+谓+宾+宾补4We shouldkeep theplants in the shade.S.+V.+O.+C.5He keptme atextbook.主+谓+间宾+直宾S.+V.+o.+O・6Singing makesme happy.主+谓+宾+宾补士+S.+V+O.+C.7He isascientist.系+表S.+L.+P.8We findthe bookvery interesting.主+谓+宾+宾补S.+V+O.+C.9He hatesbeing laughedat.主+谓+宾S.+V+O.主+谓+宾10I knowwho will be ourEnglish teacher.S.+V+O.翻译句子
2.我的爸爸给我买了本故事书1My fatherbought mea story book./My fatherboughtastorybookforme.我想让他成为一名医生2I wanthim tobe adoctor.我们都看到他在那里哭那3We allsaw himcrying ere.在将来我们将会有一个幸福的生活4We willhave ahappy lifeinthefuture.我是驻马店高级中学的一名学生5I ama studentin ZhuMadian SeniorHigh School.并列句句子结构一.请同桌讨论,尝试着判断下列句子的类型1We fisheda day,but wedidnt catcha thing.2He wastired,so hewent tobed.3He likesEnglish,and heis goodat English.思考你是怎么判断出来的?这些句子有什么样的特征答用并列连词或者分号把两个或者几个简单句连起来的句子叫做并列句并列句的句子结构为简单句+并列连词+简单句二.并列句的分类表示并列关系的并列连词
1.1The teachersname isSmith,and thestudents name is John.2She notonly singsbut alsodances.答案both...and.,as wellas...;neither...nor表示转折关系的并列连词
2.1The filmisnotgood,but itis perfect.2I wouldlike togo,but Iwas toobusy.你还能想出类似这样的转折连词么?试着想一想,写一写!答案:yet;while表示选择关系的并列连词
3.Take thechance,or you will regret.Hurry up,otherwise you will belate.注意祈使句是一个固定句型,此句型中的祈使句在意义上相当于一个由+and/or引导的条件状语从句ifWork hard,and youwill pass the exam.=If youworkhard,youwillpasstheexam.练习翻译句子叫辆出租车,否则你就会错过这列火车答案Call a taxi,or youwill missthe train.=If youdont callataxi,youwillmiss thetrain你还能想出类似这样的选择连词么?试着想一想,写一写!答案either...or...,or else表示因果关系的并列连词
4.You hadbetter takean umbrella,for itis goingto rain.你还能想出类似这样的因果连词么?试着想一想,写一写!答:so三.练习请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合并成一个并列句1The childdidnt goout.He was afraid of the dog.2He madea promise.He didnt keep it.3You musttell the truth.You will be punished.答1The childdidnt goout,because bewasafraidofthe dog.2He madea promise,but he didntkeepit.3You musttell methetruth,or youwill bepunished.复合句句子结构一.请同桌讨论,尝试着判断下列句子的类型1What hesaid atthe meeting is veryimportant.2I dontknow howto answerthe question3My suggestionis that we shoulddo morereading4The newsthatwearegoingto havea sportsmeetingistrue.5She isthe girlwho singsbest inourclass.6She wasreading abook whenI camein.思考.你是怎么判断出来的?这些句子有什么样的特征1答复合句由一个主句和一个或者一个以上从句所构成的句子,且主句和从句之间用从属连词连接其基本结构是主句+从属连词+从句或者从属连词+从句+主句练习请划出下列句子中的从属连词11doubt whetherthey canfinish thetask ontime.2The placewhich interestedme mostwas theChildrens Palace.3It soundsas ifsomeone wasknocking atthe door.4The reasonis thatI missthe train.5If youare busy,please letme know.你还能想象出其他的从属连词么?whatever/whoever/whom/why/where/whose/when/while/Although/so/because/since/s othat/as/as though...练习.请朗读以下句子,划分下列句子的成分,并指出他们分别属于简单句中的哪种11Our countryconsumes alarge numberof plastic bags.主F—宾2The supnrthinbags arethe mainsource ofwhite pollution.主系表3We shouldencourage people to returnto carryingcloth bags.主谓宾补4The new rule cameout.主谓主5Environmental groupswele thenewrule.i6They canstop usingplastic bags.主谓宾主系表7What isparticularly positiveis thatit involvespublic participation.什8Shops dontoffer eeplastic bagsto theiiconsumers.主谓宾】9Hong Kongand Australiaa econsidering measuresto curbplasticbaglitter.主谓宾补主谓宾10Chinese consumershave gottenused tofree plasticshopping bags.请判断下列句子属于简单句,复合句还是并列句八
2.1What hesays doesntsuit whathe does.2We oftenstudy Chineseon Fridayafternoon.3The boywho offeredme hisseat iscalled Tom.4Neither hashe changedhis mind,nor willhedoso.5Both Tomand Jackenjoy countrymusic.6I hatemath,while Ilike English.7The manwho hasan umbrellain hishand ismy uncle.答案复合句;简单句;复合句;并列句;简单句;并列句;复合句一句多译3汤姆生病了,他没有来学校1这本书很有帮助我看了这本书2这个演唱会将在明天举行这个演唱会很有趣3我是一名学生我的名字叫汤姆4答案;1Tom was ill.Tom didnt e to schoolTom wasill sohedidntetoschool.Tom whodidntetoschoolwasill.2The novelis very helpful.I readthe book.The novelis veryhelpful soI readthe book.I readthe bookwhich is veryhelpful.3The concertwillbe held tomorrow.The concertis very interesting.The concertwillbeheld tomorrowand itisveryinteresting.The concertwhich willbeheldtomorrow isveryinteresting.4I ama student.My nameis Tom.I ama student,and mynameisTom.I ama studentwho isnamed Tom.Iamastudentnamed Tom。