2024年高考英语复习之定语从句用法归纳素材

年高考英语复习之定语从句用法归纳2024在复合句中作定语的从句叫定语从句被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词，通常位于定语从句之前引导定语从句的是关系代词that,which,who,whose,whom和关系副词when,where,why关系代词或关系副词既起连接作用，又充当从句中的一o个成分The boywhose father is a doctor studiesvery hard.这个男孩学习非常刻苦，他爸爸是位医生The roomwhose windowis openis mine.开着窗户的那个房间是我的I stillremember the day whenyou leftfor Beijing.我仍然记得你前往北京的那一天This is the schoolwhere mymother works.这就是我妈妈工作的那所学校Could youexplain the reason whyyou werelate你能解释一下你迟到的原因吗？关系代词的用法一般情况下，that既可指人又可指物,可以代替who,whom和which,在从句中作主语、表语或宾语;which指物，在从句中作主语、表语或宾语;who在从句中作主语、表语或宾语;whom在从句中作宾语;whose在从句中作定语A doctoris apersonwholooks afterapatient.先行词主语谓语宾语句意:医生就是照顾病人的人关系代词的省略一般情况下,关系代词作宾语时可以省略，但关系代词Which,whom在从句中作介词的宾语并且介词位于关系代词之前时,不能省略I11never forgetthe dayon whichI joinedthe club.我永远不会忘记我加入俱乐部的那一天注意that,which,who在从句中作主语时，不能省略

17.—What areyou looking for—r mlooking forthe ringmy husbandbought melast year.A.that B.who C.whom D.it【答案】A【解析】此题考查引导词的用法定语从句的先行词是“the ring”表示“物”,故定语从句的引导词用that或which,故选A

18.Robert isjust one young overseasChinese hascome tovisit his ancestorshomeland.A.who B.where C.when D.which【答案】A【解析】此题考查引导词的用法定语从句修饰的先行词“oneyoungoverseasChinese表示的是“一个年轻的海外华人”，所以定语从句的引导词用that或who,故选A.

19.—What areyou lookingforWho isthe boythat istalking withour teacher正在和我们老师谈话的那个男孩是谁？关系副词的用法This isthe factorywheremy fatherworks.先行词地点状语主语谓语句意:这就是我爸爸工作的那个工厂

1.when表示时间,在定语从句中作时间状语I stillremember theyear whenyou graduatedfrom No.8Middle School.我依然记得你从八中毕业的那一年

2.why表示原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词是表示原因的reason一词We dont know thereasonwhy hewas latefor school,我们不矢口道他为什么上学迟到

3.where表示地点,在定语从句中作地点状语That isthe schoolwhere Istudied threeyears ago.刃B就是我三年前就读的学校定语从句解题技巧Running Manis avery relaxingTV programwhich ispopular amongthe youngpeople.主句Running Manisavery relaxingTV program从句which ispopular amongthe youngpeople先行词TV program关系代词:which因此，如果确定是考查定语从句，我们就可以排除不是关系代词或关系副词的选项，如what在此过程中要掌握“三看”原贝人

（1）一看指人还是物先行词指人that,who,whose,whom先行词指物that,which,whose

（2）二看句中作何用主语who（人），which（物）,that（人/物）宾语who/whom（人）,which（物）,that（人/物）定语whose（人/物）状语where（地点），when（时间）,why（原因）如My brotherlikes the stories werewritten byMark Twainbecause theyareoften humorous.先行词（thestories）指物，关系词在从句中作主语,可用关系代词which/thato如He isthe boy________I talkedwith justnow.先彳亍词（the boy）指人,关系词在从句中作麴词用关系代词whom/who/that/不填如What4sthename of the girlfatherisadoctor先行词（the girl）指人,关系词在从句中作定语,可用关系代词whose□如I stillremember the day our new schoolwas built.从句中不缺成分，先行词（theday）指时间，关系词在从句中作状语,可用关系副词when

（3）看是否是特殊情况关系词只能用的几种情况that

①当先行词是all,little,much,none,everything,anything,nothing等不定代词时如Tom toldhis motherall thathad happened.汤姆把全部情况告诉了他的妈妈

②当先行词前面有the only,the very,the last等修饰时如:This isthe onlybook thatI canfind.这就是我能找到的唯一一本书

③当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时如The tallestplayer thatplays footballfor ourteam isfrom Shanghai.为我们足球队踢足球的那个最高的运动员来自上海

④当先行词既有人又有物时如Let stalk aboutthe peopleand thethings thatwe canremember.让我们谈论我们能够记起的人和事

⑤当主句是以特殊疑问词which开头的特殊疑问句时Which isthe hotelthat youlike best哪个是你最喜欢的旅馆关系词只能用的几种情况which

①关系代词放在介词之后如This isthe factoryin whichwe onceworked.这就是我们曾经工作过的工厂

②非限制性定语从句中如This isa famousbook,which waswritten byLu Xun,这是鲁迅写的——本有名的书

③that,those作主语时如Those whichare on the deskare Englishbooks.桌子上的那些是英语书用who而不用that的情况

①当先行词为people和those时,只能用who如Those whowant togo therecome hereplease.那些想去那儿的人请来这边

②当先行词为one,ones,anyone,everyone,none,all（指人）时，只能用whoo如Anyone whois againstus isour enemy.任何反对我们的人就是我们的敌人

③先行词指人，而关系代词在从句中作主语时，一般多用Who如The manwho camehere yesterdaysaid hewould comeagain ina fewdays.昨天来这儿的那个人说过几天他会再来定语从句解题步骤1找定语从句中的谓语动词；例句I amlooking forwardto theday mydaughter can readthis bookand knowmy feelingsfor her.2观察从句中的谓语动词是否缺少主语或宾语，或介词后是否缺少宾语；canread的前后主语，宾语都不缺，直接在不缺中找答案就可以了3缺，填which；who；that；whom；（as多用于固定搭配）不缺，填when；where；why；whose4再确定主句中的先行词，确定关系词先行词是theday,填when就可以了再看一个题The oldtown hasnarrow streets and smallhouses are built closetoeach other.解题从句中谓语动词是arebuilt,缺主语，在which,who,that,whom中选择，先行词是streetsandhouses,不是人，填that/which即可再来一个Among themany dangerssailors have to face,probably thegreatest ofall isfog.解题从句中的谓语动词是havetoface,face后缺宾语，在which,who,that,whom中选择，先行词是dangers,不是人，填that/which即可再来一个Nowadays peopleare moreconcerned aboutthe environmentthey live.解题从句中的谓语动词是live,live是不及物动词，不缺宾语，也不缺主语，在when,where,why,whose中选择，先行词是environment,指地点,填where练一练

1.一What shallwe donext一Take theadvice isgiven byDr.Bloch.A.who B.which C.whose【答案】B【解析】先行词advice,指物,关系代词应用which.

2.Mr.Smithis smokingis lookingfor helost yesterday.A.whom;which B.who;whatC.that;who D.which;where【答案】B【解析】先行词Mr.Smith指人，关系词在从句中做主语，关系代词应用who;在寻找他昨天丢失的物体，从选项来看，关系代词应用what.

3.Steve Jobsis oneof thepersons foundedApple ComputerCompany.His deathmarkedthe endof anera（时代）.A.who B.whom C.which D./【答案】A【解析】从句子结构来看先行词Steve Jobs,指人，且作主语关系代词应用who.

4.-----Do youknow the girl istalking tothe headmasteroverthereOf course.She ismy sister.A.who B.whom C.which D.what【答案】A【解析】选A考查考查定语从句先行词是thegirl,指人，在定语从句中作主语，因此用关系代词who

5.Foshan isa cityhas avery longhis tory.A whose B.w hichC.w ho【答案】B【解析】先行词是Foshan,是地方，引导词用which.

6.The PalaceMuseum isthe bestplace Ive evervisited.A.who B.when C.that【答案】c【解析】选c考查定语从句先行词是The PalaceMuseum,指物，且在定语从句中做visited的宾语，因此选C

7.-----Do youknow thegirl ishelping theold woman.-Oh,thats mysister,A.whom B.whose C.who D.where【答案】c【解析】选C考查定语从句先行词是thegirl,指人，在定语从句中作主语，因此用关系代词who

8.—Do youknowthe lady istalking withMr.Smith一Yes,she sournewchemistry teacher,Miss Brown.A.who B.which C.whom【答案】A【解析】选A先行词是thelady,指人，在定语从句中作主语，因此用关系代词whoo

9.I waslookingforthe penI boughtyesterday whenyou calledme.A.who B.where C.which D.what【答案】c【解析】选C考查定语从句引导词先行词是the pen名词，用which代替what不能作定语从句的引导词

10.Please passme thecartoon bookhas aMickey Mouseonthecover.A.whom B.whose C.who D.which【答案】D【解析】选D考查定语从句引导词先行词是the cartonbook,名词，用which代替

11.1like the friends todo thesame thingsas meso thatwe cancommunicatebetter witheach other.A.who likesB.what likeC.who like【答案】c【解析】选C先行词是thefriends,指人，在定语从句中作主语，因此用关系代词who,由于friends是复数，谓语动词用原形

12.There willbe aflower showin the park wevisited lastweek.A.who B.when C.what D.which【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词thepark是“物，在定语从句中充当的是visited的宾语，因此用关系代词which或that引导来引导，故选D.

13.Most studentslikethe teachersunderstandthem we11A.who B.when C.what D.which【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词the teachers是“人在定语从句中充当的是主语，因此用关系代词who或that引导来引导,故选A.

14.Zhang Liliis consideredas the most beautifulteacher gaveher loveto herstudentsin danger.A.who B.that C.whom D.which【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词themostbeautifulteacher是“人”，在定语从句中充当的是主语，因此用关系代词who或that引导来引导，同时先行词受到形容词的最高级修饰，只能用that来引导，故选B.

15.The English-Chinese dictionarymyfatherbought forme manyyears agoisstill ofgreat value.A.whose B.when C.who D.that【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词dictiowy是“物”,在定语从句中充当的是宾语，因此用关系代词which或that引导来引导，故选D.

16.“What doyou thinkoftheschool uniforms”“Very good.I likeclothesmake mefeel comfortable.”A.that B.what C.who【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词clothes是物，所以，定语从句的引导词用which或that引导根据句意你觉得校服怎么样呀？很好，我喜欢让我穿着舒服的衣服故选A.。