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Part IWriting30minutesDirections:For thispart,you areallowed30minutes towrite acompositionwith thetitle ONFriendship.Your compositionshould beno less than120words.Remember towrite yourcomposition neatly.You shouldalso baseyourcomposition on the outlinebelow.
1.The needfor friends
2.True friendship
3.My principlein makingfriendsPart IIListening Comprehension25minutesSection ADirection:In this section,you willhear threenews reports,At theend ofeach news report,youwill hear two orthree questions.Both thenewsreportand the questions will be spoken onlyonce.After youhear a question,you mustchoose the best answerfrom thefour choicesmarked A,B,C andD.Then mark the corresbondingletter onAnswer sheet1with asingleline through the centre.色慧:此郡今曲致请戒答象卡1上作卷Question1and2will bebased on the followingnews item.
1.AThe highestprice ofgold onAsian markets.BThe highestprice ofgold onAfrican markets.CThe lowestprice ofgold onAsian markets.DThe lowestprice ofgold onAfrican markets.
2.AWhen theprice fellto itslowest level.BWhen goldprices reachedinvestors5set targets.CWhen lotsof physicalgold wasconsumed.DWhen theyare in the futuresmarket.Question3and4will bebased on the followingnews item.
3.ABirds andbats mayfly into the turningblades.BBirds andbats can5t standhigh windspeed.CWind turbinescan produceelectricity.DWind turbinescan releasepoisonous gas.
4.Alt is made ofiron.B It is madeof steel.C Itis madeof plastic.D Itismadeof paperboard.Question5to7will bebased on the followingnews item.
5.AThe hotconditions.BThe coldconditions.CThe wetconditions.DThe dryconditions.
6.APollution willbe moreserious inpopular beaches.BWater qualitymay reachthe lowestleavel.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are basedon the following passageoThe concept of personal choicein relationto healthbehaviors is animportant one.An estimated90percent ofall illnessesmay bepreventable ifindividualswould makesound personal health choicesbased uponcurrentmedical knowledge.We allenjoy ourfreedom ofchoice anddo notlike tosee itrestricted whenit is within the legaland moralboundaries ofsociety.[ZZ]The structureofAmerican societyallows us to makealmost allour ownpersonal decisionsthatmay concernour health.If weso desire,we cansmoke,drink excessively,refuse towearseat belts,eat whateverfoods wewant,and live a completely sedentarylife-style withoutany excuse.The freedomto makesuch personal decisions isafundamental aspectof oursociety,although thewisdom of these decisionscan bequestioned.Personal choicesrelative tohealth oftencause adifficulty.As oneexample©teenager mayknow thefacts relativeto smokingcigarettes andhealthbut may be pressuredby friendsinto believingit isthe sociallyaccepted thing to do.A multitudeof factors,both inheritedand environmentaljnfluencethe developmentofheal threlated behaviors,and it is beyondthe scopeof thistext todiscuss allthesefactors asthey mayaffect anygiven individual.However,the decisiontoadopt aparticular health-relatedbehavioris usuallyone ofpersonal choices.There arehealthy choicesand there are unhealthychoices.In discussingthemoral ofpersonal choice,Fries andCrapo drewa comparison.[ZZZ]Theysuggest thatto knowinglygive oneselfover toa behaviorthat hasa statisticalprobabilityof shorteninglife issimilar toattempting suicide.[ZZ]Thus,for thoseindividualswho areinterested inpreserving boththe qualityand quantityoflife,personal health choices shouldreflect thosebehaviors thatare associatedwithstatistical probabilityof increasedvitality andlongevity.
51.Theconceptofpersonalchoice concerninghealth isimportantbecause.A.personalhealth choices helpcure mostillnessesB.it helpsraise thelevel ofour medicalknowledgeC.it isessential topersonal freedomin AmericansocietyD.wrong decisionscould headto poorhealth
52.To“liveacompletelysedentarylife style”Para.1in thepassagemeansA.to livean inactivelife B.to livea decentlifeC.to livea lifewith completefreedomD.to livea lifeof vice
53.Sound personalhealthchoiceis oftendifficult tomake because.A.current medicalknowledge isstill insufficientB.therearemany factorsinfluencing ourdecisions川C.few people are wingtotrade thequality oflife forlongevity
0.peopleareusually influencedby thebehavior of their friends
54.To knowinglyallow oneselfto pursueunhealthy habitsis comparedbyFries andCrapo to.A.improving thequality ofones lifeB.limiting one*s personalhealth choiceC.deliberately endingones life□.breaking the rules ofsocial behavior
55.According toFries andCrapo soundhealthchoicesshould bebasedon.A.personaldecisionsB.laws ofsocietyC.statistical evidenceD.opinions offriendsPart IVTranslation30minutes北京有无数的胡同hutong o平民百姓在胡同里的生活给古都北京带来了无穷的魅力北京的胡同不仅仅是平民百姓的生活环境，而且还是一门建筑艺术通常，胡同内有一个大杂院，房间够4到10个家庭的差不多20口人住所以，胡同里的生活充满了友善和人情味如今，随着社会和经济的飞速发展，很多胡同被新的高楼大厦所取代但愿胡同可以保留下来CPeople maybecome infectedwith diseases.DA warningsystem willbe extremelyurgent.
7.ALess than18hours.B18to24hours.CMore than24hours.DMore than48hours.Section BDirection:In thissection,you willheartwolong conversations.At theend ofeachconversation,you willhear fourquestions.Both theconversation andthe questionswill bespokenonly once.After youhear aquestion,you mustchoose thebest answerfrom thefourchoices markedA,B,C andD.Then markthe corresbondingletter onAnswer sheet1witha single line throughthe centre.旗意:此都今彼敦情左答题卡1上作参Conversation OneQuestion8to11are basedon theconversation youhave justheard.
8.AShe hasntseen snow.BShe doesntlike toski.CShe isafraid ofskiing.DShe livesvery faraway from theskifield.
9.AAct likea cat.BGo upstep bystep.CStand in the middle.DGo upas quicklyas possible.
10.ACross thetips.BStop leaningforward.CPoint thetips together.DMove toa gentleplace.
11.APleased butafraid.BHappy butnervous.CPleased andproud.DExciting andsatisfied.Conversation TwoQuestion12to15are basedon theconversation youhave justheard.
12.AShe ishonest andhardworking.BShe isvery competentfor thejob.CShe likesher jobvery much.DShe ishardworking butnot competent.
13.ADesigning aterrific web.BDesigning abasic web.CBuiding aterrific BBS.DDesigninga terrificprogram.
14.AShe learnedthe sk川s ata famousuniversity.BShe learnedthe skillsby herself.CShedidnt dowell at school.DShe receivedsome professional training.
15.ALet herleave immediately.BGet anexperienced manto helpher.CFire herin aweek.DLet herget someprofessionaltraining.Section CDirection:In thissection,you willhear threepassages.At theend ofeach passage,you willhearsome questions.Both thepassage andthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.After youhearaquestion,you mustchoose thebest answerfrom thefour choices markedA,B,C andD.Then markthe corresbondingletter onAnswer sheet1with asingle linethrough thecentre.旗意:此都今彼观错成琴做卡1上作客Passage OneQuestion16to18are basedon thepassage youhave justheard.
16.ASipping aglass ofwine beforegetting into bed.BDrinking acup oftea onehour beforesleep.CExercising oneone ortwo hoursbefore bedtime.DTaking ahot showerhalf anhour beforebedtime.
17.AListen to some quietmusic.BGet outof bedtill beingsleepy again.CTry torelax ourmind.DRead someinteresting articles.
18.AApproaches toget abetter nightssleep.BThe harmof lackof sleep.CEffects ofmodern technologyon sleep.DBenefits ofa goodsleep.Passage TwoQuestion19to22are basedon thepassage youhave justheard.
19.AHer teacherfound thatshe hadgreat skill.BShe didnthave troubleatschoolany more.CShe couldfollow alltherulesfrom thenon.DShe foundshe couldexpress herselfwith painting.
20.AShe depositedit in the bank.BShe gaveit to the sickchildren.CShe contributedit tocharitable organization.DShe gaveit outto thosewho neededit.
21.AHe completedhis biggestcharity projectunit now.BHe geta messagefrom Obamaand lawmakers.CHe askedfor helpfor thosehomeless childrenin America.DHe managedto raisetens ofthousand dollars.
22.AHe enjoyedcommunity servicework eversince hewas verylittle.BWind turbinescan produceeletricity.CBirds andbats can5t standhigh windspeed.DWind turbinescan releasepoisonous gas.Passage ThreeQuestion23to25are basedonthepassage youhave justheard.
23.Alt doesntwork asexpected.Blt cando hramto children.Clt findout seriousinjuries.Dlt canprovide detailedimage ofthe brian.
24.AMany childrensuffer greatlyfrom brain injury.BMany childrenare threatenedby lungcancer.CChildren suffermore frombraininjurythan fromcancer.DChildren havea highrisk ofdeveloping cancer.
25.AWhen achild agedtwo hasno brokenbone inthe skull.BWhen achild agedten loseconsciousness.CWhen achild agedone hasno seriousheadache.DWhen achild agednien hasnormal mentalactivity.Part IIIReading Comprehension40minutesSection AInfamilies withtwo workingparents,fathers mayhave moreimpact onachilds languagedevelopmentthan mothers,a newstudy suggests.Researchers2692families from11child carecenters beforetheir childrenwerea yearold,interviewing eachto establishincome,level of education andchildcare arrangements.Overall,it wasa groupof well-educated middle-class families,with marriedparents bothliving inthehome.When thechildren were2,researchers videotapedthem athome infree-play sessionswithboth parents,27all of their speech.The studywill appearinthe Novemberissue ofThe JournalofApplied Developmentof Psychology.话语The scientistsmeasured the28number ofutterances ofthe parents,the number ofdiffe-rent wordsthey used,the complexityof theirsentences andother29oftheirspeech.Onaverage,fathers spokelessthanmothers did,but theydid not differinthe length ofutterancesor proportionof questionsasked.Finally,the researchers30the childrensspeech atage3,using astandardizedlanguagetest.The onlypredictors ofhigh scoresonthetest werethemothers levelofeducation,the31of childcare andthe numberof differentwordsthe fatherused.The researchersare32why thefathers speech,and notthe mothers,hadan effect.nlfs well33that themothers languagedoes havean impact,said NadyaPancsofar,thelead authorofthe study.It couldbe thatthe high-functioning mothersinthe study had34hada stronginfluence ontheir childrensspeechdevelopment,Ms.Pancsofar said,Hor itmaybethatmothers are35in awaywe didntmeasure inthestudy.”A alreadyBanalyzedC aspectsDcharactersE contributingFdescribingG establishedHqualityI quotedJrecordingK recruitedLtotalM unconsciousNunsureO yetSectionBDefinitions ofObesityA Howdoes onedefine whena personis consideredto beobese andnotjust somewhatoverweight Height-weight tablesgive anapproximateguideline astowhether one is simply overweight or has passed into theobese stage.B TheWorld HealthOrganization recommendsusing aformulathat takesintoaccount a persons heightand weight.The Body Mass Index11BMI iscalculatedby dividingthe personsweight inkilograms by the squareoftheirheightin meters,and isthus givenin unitsof kg/m
2.A BMI of
18.5-
24.9is consideredtobe thehealthiest.A BMIof between25and
29.9is consideredto beoverweight,while aBMIofover30is consideredto beobese.C However,itisrecognized thatthis definitionis limitedas itdoes nottakeinto accountsuch variablesas age,gender andethnic origin,the latterbeingimportant asdifferent ethnicgroups havevery differentfat distributions.Anothershortcoming isthat itis notapplicable tocertain verymuscular peoplesuch asathletesand bodybuilders,who canalso haveartificially highBMIs.Agencies suchasthe NationalCholesterol EducationProgram NCEPinthe USA andtheInternational DiabetesFoundation IDFare startingto defineobesity inadultssimply interms ofwaistcircumference.Health Effectsof ObesityDOver2000years ago,the Greekphysician Hippocrateswrote thatpersonswho arenaturally veryfat areapt todie earlierthan thosewho areslender*
1.This observationremains verytrue today.Obesity hasa majorimpacton apersons physical,social andemotional well-being.It increasesthe risk ofdeveloping diabetesmellitus type2“mature onsetdiabetes andalso makesType2diabetes moredifficult tocontrol.Thus weightloss improvesthe levelsofblood glucoseand bloodfats,and reducesblood pressure.The associationbetweenobesity andcoronary heartdisease isalso well-known.CancerE Furthermore,in2001medical researchersestablished alink betweenbeing overweight andcertain formsof cancer,and estimatedthat nearly10,000Britons peryear developcancer asa resultof beingoverweight.This figurewasmade upof5,893women and3,220men,with thestrongest associations beingwith breastand coloncancers.However,itisthought thatbeingoverweightmayalso increasethe risk of cancer inthereproductive organsfor womenand intheprostate gland for men.F Thelink betweenbreast cancerand nutritionalstatus isthought tobe duetothe steroidhormonesoestrogen andprogesterone,which areproduced bytheovaries,and governa womanfsmenstrual cycle.Researchers havefound thatthemore awoman eats,or themore sedentaryher lifestyle,the higherare theconcentrationsof progesterone.This linkcould explainwhy womenfrom lessaffluentcountries havelower ratesof breast cancer.Women fromless affluentnations tend toeat lessfood andto leadlifestyles whichinvolve moredailymovement.This lowerstheir progesteronelevel,resulting inlower predispositiontobreastcancer.G TheTimes newspaper,in2002reported thatobesity wasthe mainavoidablecause ofcancer amongnon-smokers inthe Westernworld!AgingH Researchpublished bySt Thomas1Hospital,London,UK in2005showeda correlationbetween body fat andaging,totheextent thatbeing obeseadded
8.8years toa womansbiological age.The effectwas exacerbatedby smoking,and anon-overweight womanwho smokes20cigarettes aday for20years added
7.4years totheir biological age.The combinationof beingobese anda smokeraddedat leastten years to awomansbiologicalage,and althoughthestudyonly involvedwomen,the leadresearcherProfessor TimSpector believesthe findingwould alsoapply tomen.I Theaging effectwas determinedby measuringthelengthof telomeres,tiny capsontheends ofchromosomes,which helpprotect the DNA fromtheageing process.Indeed,telomeres have been dubbedthe Chromosomalclocknbecause,as anorganism ages,they becomeprogressively shorter,and canbeused todetermine theage ofthe organism.Beyond acertain point,thetelomere becomesso shortthat itis nolonger able to preventtheDNAof thechromosomefrom fallingapart.Itisbelieved thatexcess bodyfat,and thechemicals present in tobacco smokerelease freeradicals whichtriggerinflammation.Inflammation causesthe productionof whiteblood cellswhichincreases therate oferosion oftelomeres.DementiaJ Recentresearch2005conducted intheUSAshows thatobesity inmiddleage islinked toan increasedrisk ofdementia,with obesepeople intheir40sbeing74%more likelyto developdementia comparedto thoseof normalweight.For thosewho aremerely overweight,the lifetimeriskofdementia riskwas35%higher.K ScientistsfromtheAging ResearchCentre atthe KarolinskaInstitute inSwedenhavebeenable totake informationsuch as age,numberofyears ineducation,gender,body massindex,blood pressurelevel,physical activityandgenetic factors,assigning eacha riskscore.They thenused thisinformation todevisea predictivetest fordementia.This testwill enablepeople atrisk,for the firsttime,tobeableto affect lifestylechanges whichwill reducetheir riskof contractingdementia.Other ProblemsLThe world-wide upsurgein obesity,particularly inchildren,is ofmajoreconomic concern,liable todrain economies.Of furtherconcern isthat researchconductedin Australiaand publishedin2006,shows thatup toone thirdof breechpregnancieswere undetectedbythetraditional“palpation”examination,thedanger beinggreatest forthose womenwho areoverweight orobese—a growingproportionof mothers.This meansthat suchwomen arenot gettingthe treatmentrequiredto turnthe baby around intime forthe birth,and inmany casesrequire anemergencyCaesarean section.M Thisisatrue health-care crisis,far biggerthan SevereAcute RespiratorySyndromeSARS andultimately,even biggerthan AIDS.
36.You canjudge whetheroneissimplyoverweightorhaspassedintotheobese stageaccording tothe height-weight table.
37.Using the“BodyMasslndexHto defineapersonsweight idealis limited,because itdoes nottakes intoaccount manyvariables suchasage,gender andethnicorigin.
38.A personsemotional well-being wouldbe affectedby obesity.
39.Obesity hassomething todo withcancerinthe prostateglandforman.
40.Women fromless affluentnationstendto havemuch lessbreastcancer.
41.A non-overweight womanwho smokes20cigarettes aday for20yearsadded
7.4yearstoher biologicalage.
42.The excessbodyfat,like thechemicalspresentintobaccosmoke,canlead toinflammation.
43.Obese peoplein middleage runan increasedriskofdementia.
44.The predictivetest fordementia willhelp peopletoaffectlifestyle changesthatwill reducetheir riskof contractingdementia.
45.The world-wide upsurgein obesity,particularly inchildren,will possiblydraineconomies.Section CDirections Thereare2passages in thissection□Each passageis followedby somequestionsor unfinishedstatementso Foreach ofthem thereare fourchoicesmarkedA,B,Cand DYou shoulddecide onthebestchoice andmarkthecorresponding letteron AnswerSheet2with asinglelinethroughthecentre PassageoneoQuestions46to50are basedonthefollowing passageoSomeradio singals were heardin
1967.They were coming from a pointinthe skywhere therewas unknownstar.They werecoming veryregularly,too:aboutonce asecond,if theywere controlledby clock.The scientistswho heardthe signalsdid nottell anybodyelse.They wereratherafraid totell incase theyfrightened people.The signalswerecoming from averysmall body-no bigger,perhaps thanthe earth.Was thatwhy nolight couldbeseen fromitOr werethe signalscomingfroma planetthat belongedtosomeotherstarThere wasno endtothequestions,but the scientists keptthe newssecret.Terhaps thereare intelligent beings outthere.,5they thought,uwho aretryingto sendmessages toother planets,or tousSo thenews wasnot givento thenewspaper.Instead,thescientistsstudied thesignals andsearched forothers likethem...Well allthat happenedin1967and
1968.Since thenscientists havelearnt5more aboutthose strange,regular,radio signals.And theyhave toldthe story,ofcourse.The signalsdo notcome froma planet;they comefromanew kindof starcalleda“pulsar”.About ahundred otherpulsars havenow beenfound,and mostofthem arevery likethefirstone.Pulsars arestrong radiostars.They arethe smallestbut theheaviest starsweknow atpresent.A handfulof pulsarwould weigha fewthousand tons.Theirlight—if theygive muchlight—is toosmall forustosee.But wecan besure ofthis,no intelligent beings areliving onthem.
46.The radio signals discussedinthispassage.A.were regularB.were controlledbyaclockC.were heardin1967only D.were secretmessages
47.The radio singalsweresent by.A.a satelliteB.a planetC.a skybody whichwas unknown at that time
0.intelligentbeingswho wereunknownatthattime
48.The scientistsdidnottell peopleabout thesignals because.A.the singalsstood forsecret messagesB.people wouldask themtoo manyquestionsC.they didnot wantto frightenpeopleD.they stoodfor unimportantmessages
49.A pulsaris.A.a smallheavy starwhich sendsout strongradio signalsand cannotbeseenB.a smallheavy planetwhich sendsout strongradio signalsand cannotbeseenC.a smallheavy satellitewhich sendsout strongradio signalsand cannotbeseenD.a smallintelligentbeingwho sendsout strongradio signalsand cannotbeseen
50.Which ofthefollowingis trueA.One ofthe pulsarsfound byscientists sendsradiosignals.B.Pulsar beganto sendradiosingalsin
1967.C.Scientists havesearched forpulsars formany yearsbut foundnone.D.Scientists havefound manypulsars since
1967.。
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